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(Download PDF) Looking Forward Through The Lifespan Developmental Psychology 6th Edition Peterson Test Bank Full Chapter
(Download PDF) Looking Forward Through The Lifespan Developmental Psychology 6th Edition Peterson Test Bank Full Chapter
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Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) According to an ABS survey, __________ percent of Australia's children up to the age of 14 years 1)
old had been injured seriously enough in the four weeks preceding the survey to require medical
attention, as compared to __________ percent of adults over age 65.
A) 7; 8 B) 6; 18 C) 3; 10 D) 18; 6
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
2) According to Goodnow et al. (1984), which of the following skills were regarded as expected for a 2)
child to develop by American mothers but not by Japanese mothers?
A) To stand up for his/her own rights with others.
B) To get his/her own way by persuading friends.
C) To state his/her own preferences or opinions when asked.
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3) The failure to understand quantity conservation is a key feature of which of Piaget's stages? 3)
A) Concrete operational stage B) Sensorimotor period
C) Preoperational period D) Formal operational stage
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1
5) Which of the following cognitive functions are not believed to be lateralised in the right 5)
hemisphere?
A) Spatial cognition B) Music perception
C) Synthetic thinking D) Using logic
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
7) Siegal (1997), has argued that conversational factors in the standard Piaget testing situations may 7)
limit young childrens' capacity to express their genuine understanding of abstract concepts. Which
of the following is an example of the potential confusing factors?
A) Confusion over language B) Fascination with the task
C) Insincerity D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
9) A child's ability to feel and display sympathy towards others in distress typically develops around: 9)
A) 2-3 years of age. B) 4-5 years of age.
C) 6-7 years of age. D) 1-2 years of age.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
2
10) A five-year-old child saying, 'a log floats because it is big', is an example of what form of 10)
reasoning?
A) Deductive B) Transductive
C) Inductive D) None of the above
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
11) Which of the following skills is a three-year-old typically capable of? 11)
A) Runs forward easily B) Can jump about 30 centimetres
C) Hops short distances D) Both A and B
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
12) Which of the following is not a strategy used to memorise lists of difficult or meaningless material? 12)
A) Elaboration B) Digitising C) Labelling D) Organisation
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
13) According to Siegal (1997), __________ is said to occur during conservation tasks when 13)
children who are not sure of the answer change their minds when question wording
implies they should.
Answer: vacillation
Explanation:
14) Total brain volume of the grey and white matter combined __________ between birth and 14)
age six.
Answer: quadruples
Explanation:
15) __________ is defined as any operation in the system that has a corresponding opposing 15)
operation that cancels or undoes its influence.
Answer: Reversibility
Explanation:
16) An accurate understanding of memory and its limitations is known as __________. 16)
Answer: metamemory
Explanation:
3
17) When Piaget analysed the development of conservation understanding, he discovered that 17)
in relation to conservation, the understanding of __________ __________ is mastered earlier
than that of __________ __________.
Answer: length and number; weight or spatial relations
Explanation:
18) A preschool child's understandings of people's mental states and the influences of 18)
thoughts, feelings and intentions on behaviour is referred to as __________ __________
__________.
Answer: theory of mind
Explanation:
19) Piaget's theory of developmental __________ involves modifying existing conceptual 19)
schemes to suit the new information.
Answer: accommodation
Explanation:
20) When placed on the floor together, babies as young __________ as months may poke each 20)
other or engage in a tug-of-war. By __________ months, children with frequent peer
contact show signs of rudimentary cooperation.
Answer: 10; 18
Explanation:
21) Piaget argued for treating very early memories with some __________. 21)
Answer: scepticism
Explanation:
22) On average, healthy children in Australia and New Zealand today gain __________ to 22)
__________ centimetres in height each year between their second and the sixth birthdays.
Answer: 6; 8
Explanation:
23) Typically developing and natively signing children show pronounced __________ 23)
hemisphere dominance of activation and heightened activity in the specific areas of the
__________ hemisphere responsible for language comprehension and production.
Answer: left; left
Explanation:
24) Emotional understanding develops along with emotional __________ during the preschool 24)
period.
Answer: control
Explanation:
25) By the age of __________ most children know their own name, can recognise themselves in 25)
photographs and mirrors and can accurately answer the basic gender identity question.
Answer: three
Explanation:
4
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
26) Between the ages of nine and 12 years, the lateralisation of language processing and production 26)
becomes more pronounced in the average child.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
27) Many studies conducted in Australia, Europe and North America over several decades have shown 27)
that many individuals with autism never develop a fully functional theory of mind.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
28) Vygotsky's sociocultural theory places less emphasis than Piaget's on variations in cognitive skills 28)
in different cultural environments, the value of social interaction for promoting cognitive growth
and cross-cultural variation in developmental patterns.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
29) Preoperational children judge things primarily on how they look. 29)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
30) Piaget proposed that children's thought processes could be thrown into disequilibrium by having 30)
arguments with peers.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
31) Closure is when the logical and mathematical operations are mentally grouped such that all parts 31)
of individual operations are also part of the group.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
32) Most preschoolers have no difficulty completing a task such as placing sticks in order from smallest 32)
to largest.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
33) According to Peterson (2000), early research showed that children who had siblings developed 33)
concepts of false belief ahead of only children, however, after the effects of language ability were
statistically controlled these differences disappeared.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
34) Safety greatly increases for preschoolers as their motor ability and athletic activity develop at the 34)
same rate as their cognitive capacities for planning and judging risk.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
5
35) Adolescents who remember having imaginary companions during early childhood are found to 35)
score significantly higher than their peers on measures of creative achievement in scholastic, artistic
and literary fields.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
36) According to research in 2007, approximately 6 percent of Australian preschoolers are clinically 36)
obese and a further 15 percent are significantly overweight.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
37) According to Zaporozhets and Elkonin (1971), children displayed the highest level of memory 37)
when involved in peer play.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
39) Recently, researchers have consistently agreed that improvements do occur when the memories of 39)
children who initially lack a concrete-operational understanding of tilted liquids are reassessed
later on, once concrete operations have developed.
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
40) Describe and evaluate the different techniques that can be used to assist children's memory abilities.
Answer:
42) Review the research findings in relation to bilingual children's abilities to transition from preoperational to
concrete-operational thought. Focus on their ability to complete conservation tasks.
Answer:
43) Preschoolers in crowded households with many closely spaced siblings, or in homes suffering from marital
discord, are found to play less imaginatively than other children. Discuss.
Answer:
6
Answer Key
Testname: C7
1) D
2) D
3) C
4) C
5) D
6) C
7) D
8) D
9) A
10) B
11) D
12) B
13) vacillation
14) quadruples
15) Reversibility
16) metamemory
17) length and number; weight or spatial relations
18) theory of mind
19) accommodation
20) 10; 18
21) scepticism
22) 6; 8
23) left; left
24) control
25) three
26) FALSE
27) TRUE
28) FALSE
29) TRUE
30) TRUE
31) TRUE
32) FALSE
33) FALSE
34) FALSE
35) TRUE
36) TRUE
37) FALSE
38) TRUE
39) TRUE
40)
41)
42)
43)
7
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scampering away from us in every direction, possible and impossible,
by thousands—nay, by myriads. The bed was literally brown with
them; and ever, as we moved a limb, fresh gangs of latent devourers
fled from beneath, and scoured across the sheets. They had lost the
supernatural form our dreams had given them, and assumed the
more homely one of ordinary fleas—of fleas of all sizes from a pea to
a pin’s head! Old Nereus gave us some relief, for we rushed into his
arms as soon as doors could be opened, and bolts forced out of their
sockets; but, for many a long day after, we bore about us a vivid
impression of our visitants at Aberdaron.
Do not, therefore, venture to sleep in a Welsh cottage; nor scarcely
in a farm-house: trust yourself only to an inn,—your chances of
sound rest and an untenanted bed are at least more favourable there;
—but if ever you are benighted and forced to remain away from
headquarters, make up your mind fairly to bivouac it amid the fern
and the heather, or else sit up at your vigils by your host’s fire-side.
The chirping cricket and the purring cat shall then be your sole
companions.
We might detain you till doomsday with these “incidents of travel;”
but we shall leave you to make your own experiments;—yet, ere you
venture into the wilds of Taffyland, peruse and carry with you for
your use and edification the following:—
TRIADS FOR TRAVELLERS.
Three mountains that every body goes up: Snowdon, Cadair Idris,
and Penmaen Mawr.
Three mountains that nobody will repent going up: Holyhead
Mountain, Carn Madryn, and the Breiddin.
Three mountains that nobody goes up: Plinlimmon, Arrenig, and
Carnedd Llewelyn.
Three castles that every body sees: Caernarvon, Conwy, and
Harlech.
Three castles that every body ought to see: Beaumarais, Criccaeth,
and Denbigh.
Three castles that nobody sees: Flint, Dolwyddelan, and Castell
Prysor.
Three wells that every body should go and drink from: Holywell,
Wygfair, and Ffynnon Beuno.
The three great waterfalls of Caernarvonshire: Rhaiadr-y-Wenol,
the Falls of the Conwy, and the Falls of the Ogwen.
The three great waterfalls of Merionethshire: Pistill-y-Cain,
Rhaiadr-y-Mawddach, and Rhaiadr ddu.
The three grandest scenes in Wales: Llyn Idwal, Y-Glas Llyn, and
Pen-y-Cil.
The three sweetest scenes in North Wales: Beddgelert, Tan-y-
Bwlch, and the Banks of the Menai.
The three beautiful lakes: Llyn Gwynant, Llyn Peris, and Llyn
Tegid.
Three vales that every body ought to see: the Vale of Ffestiniog, the
Vale of Llanrwst, and the Vale of Dolgelly.
The three rich vales: the Vale of the Clwyd, the Vale of the Dee, and
the Vale of the Severn.
Three passes that every body ought to go through: the Pass of
Llanberis, the Pass of Pont Aberglaslyn, and the Pass of Nantfrancon.
Three good pools for anglers: Llyn Tegid, Lyn Ogwen, and Llyn
Cwlid.
Three good rivers for fishermen: the Dee, the Conwy, and the
Vyrniw.
The three finest abbeys of North Wales: Valle Crucis, Cymmer, and
Basingwerk.
The three finest churches in North Wales: Wrexham, Gresford,
and Mold.
The three bridges of North Wales: Conwy Bridge, Menai Bridge,
and Llanrwst Bridge.
Three out-of-the-way places that people should go to: Aberdaron,
Amlwch, and Dinas Mowddwy.
Three islands that are worth visiting; Puffin Island, Bardsey
Island, and the South Stack.
Three places that no man dares go to the end of; Twll Du in the
Llidr, Cilan Point in Llyn, and Sarn Badric off Barmouth.
Three things that nobody knows the end of; a Welchman’s
pedigree, a Welchwoman’s tongue, and the landlord’s bill at ——.
Three things, without which no pedestrian should adventure into
Wales; a stout pair of shoes, a light wallet, and a waterproof cape.
(Some learned travellers have proposed to substitute “stick” for
“wallet” in this Triad, but the fact is that, when you go to Wales, you
may cut your stick.)
The three companions of the Welsh tourist; a telescope, a sketch
book, and a fishing rod.
The three luxuries of travelling in Wales; a stout pony, a pleasant
companion, and plenty of money.
Three things which, who ever visits Wales, is sure to take away
with him; worn-out shoes, a shocking bad hat, and a delightful
recollection of the country.
Three things without which no man can enjoy travelling in Wales;
good health, good spirits, and good humour.
The three nastiest things in Wales; buttermilk, cwrw dda, and
bacon and eggs.
Three things that the tourist should. not do; travel in the dark—
wait in doors because it may be a rainy day—and try and keep his feet
dry.
The three qualifications for properly pronouncing the Welsh
language; a cold in the head, a knot in the tongue, and a husk of
barley in the throat.
The three languages which a man may speak in Wales when he
does not know Welsh: that of the Chinese, that of the Cherokees, and
that of the Houhnyhms.
The three languages which will carry a man all over Wales without
knowing a word of Welsh; that of the arms, that of the eyes, and that
of the pocket—Farewell! dear reader, nos-dda-wch!
LIFE AND TIMES OF LORD HARDWICKE.[20]
It may fairly be presumed that a laugh went round the table; but
Powis was so fully convinced that he had hit upon the true reason,
that on meeting Yorke some months after, he inquired gravely about
the progress of his volume.
However, Powis seems to have been a mark for the wits, as we find
by some lines on the Bench, by the memorable Duke of Wharton:—
“When Powis sums up a cause without a blunder;
And honest Price shall trim and truckle under;
When Eyre his haughtiness shall lay aside,
And Tracy’s generous soul shall swell with pride,
Then will I cease my charmer to adore,
And think of love and politics no more.”
Yorke was now beginning to feel his way in his profession; and if
poverty had been his original stimulus, he had a fair prospect of
exchanging it for wealth. The dictum of Thurlow on this subject is
proverbial. When asked by some friend to advise his son as to “the
way he should go” to rise at the bar, that rough functionary said, “Let
him spend all his fortune—then marry, and spend his wife’s fortune;
and then let him return to his books, and he may have some chance
of business.”
But Yorke, without spending either his or his wife’s fortune, had
already taken the first step to official distinction by entering
Parliament, May 2, 1719. He was chosen member for Lewes in
Sussex. The simplicity of this transaction affords a curious contrast
to the performances of the present day. The Duke of Newcastle sent a
letter to the “free and independent electors,” evidently directing
them to elect his friend Mr Yorke. The letter was duly answered by
an address from one hundred and thirty-two electors, in this style:—
“We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, the constables and
inhabitants of the borough of Lewes, having heard your Grace’s letter
publicly read, do not only herein return your Grace our hearty thanks
for the honour you have done us in recommending so fit a person as
Mr Yorke, to serve as one of our representatives in parliament for
this town, for the present vacancy, but also beg leave to assure your
Grace, that we do unanimously and entirely approve of him, and
shall be ready on all occasions to show the regard we have to the
favour your Grace has pleased to lay upon us.