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Instant download pdf Cultural Psychology 2nd Edition Heine Test Bank full chapter
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Test Bank to accompany
Cultural Psychology, Second Edition
By Steven J. Heine
Chapter 7
Motivation
Concept Map
ANS: E
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem
TOP: A.a.i.2. Upward social comparison
MSC: Applied
ANS: C
DIF: Medium
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem
TOP: A.a. Self-enhancement
MSC: Factual
ANS: C
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations for Face and Self-Improvement
TOP: B.a. Face
MSC: Factual
ANS: A
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations for Face and Self-Improvement
TOP: B.b. Prevention versus promotion orientation
MSC: Applied
6. Which of the following was NOT a belief to emerge from the Protestant
Reformation?
ANS: B
DIF: Easy
REF: Religion and Achievement Motivation
TOP: C.a. Weber’s thesis
MSC: Factual
ANS: D
DIF: Medium
REF: Religion and Achievement Motivation
TOP: C.a.ii. Protestant work ethic
MSC: Factual
ANS: C
DIF: Easy
REF: Primary and Secondary Control
TOP: D.b.ii. Secondary control
MSC: Applied
9. Several real estate agents have been convicted of several counts of real estate
fraud. Which of the following is the most plausible reaction from American and
Japanese news outlets?
a) Japanese newspapers are likelier than American ones to recommend strong
punishment of the agents.
b) Japanese newspapers are likelier than American ones to view the real estate
companies to be at fault.
c) Japanese newspapers are likelier than American ones to predict similar events
will happen in the future.
d) Japanese newspapers are likelier than American ones to remove their assets from
the companies involved.
e) Japanese newspapers are likelier than American ones to perceive the agents as
having exercised choice.
ANS: B
DIF: Easy
REF: Primary and Secondary Control
TOP: D.b. Primary versus secondary control
MSC: Applied
10. You are a teacher who assesses your students’ science knowledge by having
them play one of many science games available on the computer, so you want them
to take this task seriously. Your class is comprised fully of Asian-American and Euro-
American children. How would you maximize their motivation to play these science
games?
a) allow all the children to choose the game that they want
b) let other classmates choose the game for the Asian-American students, but let the
Euro-American students choose for themselves
c) let the Asian-American children’s mothers choose the game for them, and let the
Euro-American children’s classmates choose for them
d) let the Euro-American students choose for themselves, and ask students from
another school choose for the Asian-American students
e) let both the Euro-American and Asian-American parents choose for their children
ANS: B
DIF: Medium
REF: Making Choices
TOP: D.c. Making choices
MSC: Applied
11. One frozen yogurt parlor has 10 flavors from which to choose (Parlor X), and
another parlor has more than 100 flavors (Parlor Z). You ask people to choose
which one they want to go to. Which of the following is most indicative of people’s
preference, given the research on choices as described in the textbook?
a) Americans, like people from other Western cultures, would always prefer to go
Parlor Z.
b) Europeans prefer Parlor Z more than do Americans.
c) Although Americans may say that they prefer Parlor Z, they actually would have a
more difficult time choosing a flavor from Parlor Z than from Parlor X .
d) Americans would prefer it if their significant others choose for them.
e) Europeans would have no preference for either parlor.
ANS: C
DIF: Medium
REF: Making Choices
TOP: D.c. Making choices
MSC: Applied
ANS: E
DIF: Hard
REF: Making Choices
TOP: D.c.i. Learned helplessness
MSC: Factual
ANS: E
DIF: Medium
REF: Making Choices
TOP: D.c. Making choices
MSC: Factual
14. In a study, five people are asked to taste test three dishes, one of which tastes
like garbage. They must then judge which dish was the best. However, four of the
people are confederates and are told to always say that the garbage dish is the best.
The real participant (the fifth person) is then asked to give his or her judgment. This
study is done in both an individualistic and a collectivistic culture. Based on the
results obtained using Asch’s paradigm across cultures, what do you expect to
happen in this case?
a) Participants from the individualistic culture would most likely not say that the
garbage dish is the best one.
b) Participants from both cultures would be equally likely to say that the garbage
dish is the best one.
c) Participants from the individualistic culture would be more likely to say that the
garbage dish is the best one if the first four participants were friends.
d) A lot of participants from the individualistic culture would say that the garbage
dish is the best one, but even more participants from the collectivistic culture
would say the same.
e) No participants from either culture would say that the garbage dish is the best
one.
ANS: D
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations to Fit In or Stick Out
TOP: D.d. Fitting in versus sticking out
MSC: Applied
15. A group of East Asians and Americans have won a contest, and each person is
allowed to pick a car from a selection of cars. All cars are of the same make, model,
and year. The only thing that differs between them is that they can be one of two
colors. Furthermore, there is an extremely unequal proportion between the two
colors, making the minority-color very unique. Given this scenario, which of the
following statements is TRUE?
a) East Asians will choose their cars randomly.
b) Americans will choose cars with the brightest colors.
c) East Asians will choose unique-colored cars.
d) Americans will choose minority-colored cars.
e) East Asians will choose white cars.
ANS: D
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations to Fit In or Stick Out
TOP: D.d. Fitting in versus sticking out
MSC: Applied
ANS: D
DIF: Medium
REF: Religion and Achievement Motivation
TOP: C.a.ii. Protestant work ethic
MSC: Factual
17. A person is building a road to connect two towns, but the road is stopped by a
mountain. The person can either build the road so that it follows the side of the
mountain and continues on from the other side, or the person can just tunnel
through the mountain. This person decides that people shouldn’t get pushed around
by nature, so decides to tunnel through the mountain. Which of the following terms
best describes this way of thinking?
a) secondary control
b) self-enhancement
c) maintaining face
d) self-serving bias
e) incremental theory of the world
ANS: E
DIF: Medium
REF: Agency and Control
TOP: D.a.ii. Incremental theory of the world
MSC: Applied
18. Iyengar and colleagues’ work on choice across cultures finds that
a) Asian-Americans prefer a task that an in-group chooses for them more than one
that an out-group chooses for them.
b) Euro-Americans and Asian-Americans both prefer to choose a task for themselves
than to have someone else choose it for them.
c) Euro-Americans prefer a task if they choose it for themselves, whereas Asian-
Americans prefer a task if someone else chooses it for them.
d) Asian-Americans prefer a task that an outgroup chooses for them more than do
Euro-Americans.
e) Asian-Americans prefer to make choices for others rather than for themselves,
whereas Euro-Americans have no such preference.
ANS: A
DIF: Medium
REF: Making Choices
TOP: D.c. Making choices
MSC: Factual
ANS: B
DIF: Medium
REF: Making Choices
TOP: D.c. Making choices
MSC: Factual
20. You are an executive for a Korean advertising agency, and you have been asked
to create a TV commercial for a new condominium, targeting people from Korea.
Based on Kim and Markus’ research on advertisements in Korea and the United
States, which of the following would you most likely use in your commercial?
a) “No need for stockpiled money—Condo X is cheap and affordable!”
b) “Condo X—there’s nothing else quite like it.”
c) “The architecture of this condo blends in well with the buildings surrounding it.”
d) “This condo was designed by an architect who has a unique style.”
e) “Need a place to live? Try our condo!”
ANS: C
DIF: Medium
REF: Motivations to Fit In or Stick Out
TOP: D.d. Fitting in versus sticking out
MSC: Applied
ANS: C
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem
TOP: A.a. Self-enhancement
MSC: Factual
22. Which of the following people would you expect to feel the need to maintain
“face”?
a) “I go along with what other people want to do, and make myself enjoy it.”
b) “I really like to make myself feel good about myself.”
c) “I prefer to avoid negative outcomes from happening.”
d) “I can’t change who I am—I am who I am.”
e) “I like to compare myself with those who are worse off than I am.”
ANS: C
DIF: Hard
REF: Motivations for Face and Self-Improvement
TOP: B.b.i Prevention orientation
MSC: Applied
23. Which of the following would be the best example of primary control?
a) You and your friends decide as a group to spend a day at the amusement park.
b) You choose to paint your house yellow after your partner tells you about her
strong preference for yellow.
c) You cook spaghetti and meatballs because your parents are in town and it’s their
favorite dish.
d) You return a computer game to the local computer store because it didn’t excite
you as much as you wanted it to.
e) You buy a dog as a pet.
ANS: D
DIF: Easy
REF: Primary and Secondary Control
TOP: D.b.i. Primary control
MSC: Applied
24. Your friend does not engage in self-enhancing. Your friend also just failed a
chemistry test. Based on the biases that self-enhancers have, which of the following
is your friend NOT likely to say?
a) “Even though I failed this chemistry test, I can still do well in physics.”
b) “I failed this chemistry test, so I have to study even harder in this class.”
c) “This test was fair; I just did not work hard enough.”
d) “Chemistry is still very important to me.”
e) “Lex did so well! I need to work to be more like him.”
ANS: A
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem
TOP: A.a.i.3. Compensatory self-enhancement
MSC: Applied
ANS: E
DIF: Hard
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem; Religion and Achievement
Motivation
TOP: A.a. Self-enhancement; C. Religion and achievement motivation
MSC: Conceptual
26. A Catholic and a Protestant walk into a bar. Their names are Jon and Jack,
respectively. They start discussing everything from social issues to psychological
research. They agree that they have many similarities and differences. Based on the
textbook’s research on Catholics and Protestants, which of the following is likely
similar or different between the two of them?
ANS: B
DIF: Medium
REF: Religion and Achievement Motivation
TOP: C. Religion and achievement motivation
MSC: Applied
27. Ichiro, a Japanese student, wants to sell his used book that he’s had for a decade.
Kent, an American student, wants to sell the exact same book, which he has also
owned for a decade. They price their respective books depending on how much they
think the book is worth. The book itself is valued at $50. Which of the following best
predicts what the two price tags will most likely be?
a) Ichiro: $50; Kent: $50
b) Ichiro: $20; Kent: $15
c) Ichiro: $60; Kent: $50
d) Ichiro: $70; Kent: $20
e) Ichiro: $30; Kent $60
ANS: E
DIF: Hard
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem
TOP: A.b. Self-criticizing
MSC: Applied
28. Claudia and Hideki are math students. Claudia has a promotion orientation,
whereas Hideki has a prevention orientation. What is the best way to make them
both continue to put in effort to learn math?
a) Give both students a very difficult math test that’s rigged to make them do poorly.
b) Give both students a very easy math test that’s rigged to make them do well.
c) Give Claudia a very easy math test so she’s rigged to do well, but give Hideki a
very difficult math test so he’s rigged to do poorly.
d) Give Claudia a very difficult math test so she’s rigged to do poorly, but give Hideki
a very easy math test so he’s rigged to do well.
e) Give both students a very easy math test, but don’t tell them their scores.
ANS: C
DIF: Medium
REF: Motivations for Face and Self-Improvement
TOP: B.b. Prevention versus promotion orientation
MSC: Applied
ANS: D
DIF: Hard
REF: Agency and Control
TOP: D.a.i. Entity theory of the world; D.b.i. Primary control; D.c.i. Learned
helplessness
MSC: Conceptual
30. If a person basks in the reflected glory of their group, which of the following is
most likely?
ANS: B
DIF: Easy
REF: Motivations for Self-Enhancement and Self-Esteem
TOP: A.a.i.6. Basking in reflected glory; A.b. Self-criticizing
MSC: Conceptual
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