The 21st Avision Biomedical Symposium 2024 theme was Decoding Human Health: The Microbiome

Connection.
The symposium had five sessions; Cancer, Digestive Organ, Immunity, and Industry All the sessions
was interesting to listen and learn from the amazing speakers, since the microbiota now a new trend in
research field, it was really interesting to learn from different perspective and field. but the sesions that
related to my Laboratory work and project was The first and third Session by internationals speaker.
The cancer topic was had 3 speakers, first from Wizman Institue of Science, Israel, Prof .Eran Elinav,
MD,PhD He was spoke about Microbiome-Host Interactions in health and disease Dr. Eran and his
team have identified variaous possible mechanisms participating in the reciprocal regulation between
the host and intestinal microbial ecosystem, and demonstrate that disruption of these factors, in mice
and humans, lead to dysbiosis and susceptibility to common multi-factorial disease. Understanding the
molecular basis of host-microbiome interactions may lead to development of new microbiome
targeting treatment. Second speaker was Prof. Deepak Saxena, PhD from New York University, USA
and was talking about Pancreatic Cancer and Gut Microbiome: From bench to bedside. He was
explaining that cancerous pancreas harbors a markedlu more abundant microbiota compared with
normal pancreas in both mice and humans, and select bacteria are differentiallyincreased in the
tumorous pancreas compared with gut. Bacterial ablation was associated with immunogenic
reprogramming of the PDA tumor microenvironment, including a reduction in myeloid-derived
suppressor cells and increased in M1 macrophage differentiation, promoting TH1 differentiationof
CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cell activation. It also enabled efficacy for checkpoint-targeted
immunotherapy by upregulating PD-1 expression. Mechanistically, the PDA microbiome generated
tolerogenic immune programme by differentially activating select Toll-like receptors in monocytic
cells. The third speaker from cancer topic was Prof. Insuk Lee, PhD from Yonsei University and spoke
about Deciphering the influence of Microbiome on Cancer Treatment. He was discussing two of his
recent studies that illuminate the roles of intratumor cells and gut bacterial cells in the efficacy of
cancer therapu, employing single-cell omics and metagenomics approaches, Prof. Lee and his team
identified Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) as a factor worsening colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis.
Their comparative single-cell transcriptome analysis of Fn-positive and Fn-negative CRC tumors
revealed that Fn impedes the maturation of IgA plasma cell through both T cell-dependent and
independent pathway by dysregulating the IgA maturation (IGAM) module.
The third Session topic was Immunity, the first speaker was Prof. Jun R. Huh, PhD from Harvard
Medical School, USA and speak about immune modulatory function of microbial metabolites of bile
acids, Prof. Huh was showing his workteam data suggest that bacterially produced bile acids regulate
Th17 and Treg cell differentiation and function, which may be relevant to the pathophysiology of
inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. He was also discussing about recent
development of a novel strategy to idnetify small molecule inhibitors modulating cytokine receptor
activities to develop orally administrable small molecules for chronic autoimmune and inflammatory
disorders. The second speaker was Prof. Sin-Hyeog Im, PhD from POSTECH, Korea who was talking
about Microbiome Therapeutics for infmamatory disorders and cancers. He was provide insight into
the current landscape of microbiome therapeutics, highlighting his teamwork efforts in characterizing
Immunostimulatory (IMB001) and Immunoregulatory (IMB002). These microorganisms exhibit anti-
inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, respectively. The last speaker from Immunity topic was Prof.
Joo-Hong Park, Ph.D from Seoul National University who had talk about The role of IgA in shaping
host-microbial symbiosis. Prof. Park and his team found that IgA responses in the intestine control the
colonization of symbiotic bacteria in a diet-dependent manner, enabling protection against allergic
responses in the intestine. His research sought to unveil mechanistic interplay between microbiome,
immunity, and diet, as well as the consequences of these interactions for health and disease.
The symposium not just interesting but gave me the insight about the microbiome relationship with
disease especially cancer and immunity.