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(Download PDF) Sociology of Sexualities 1st Edition Fitzgerald Test Bank Full Chapter
(Download PDF) Sociology of Sexualities 1st Edition Fitzgerald Test Bank Full Chapter
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Instructor Resource
Fitzgerald, Sociology of Sexualities
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Test Bank
Chapter 7: “Sexuality in Schools and the Workplace”
Multiple Choice
2. LGBTQ youth who face family rejection are at higher risk for
a. experiencing depression and attempting suicide
b. becoming more resilient
c. minority empowerment
d. Coming out at work and school
ANS: a
3. Transgender youth have the option of ______ to “pause” the onset of puberty
a. anti-depressants
b. hormone blockers
c. sex change surgery
d. Transition pausing
ANS: b
7. LGBTQ employees often suffer from ______, meaning they generally account for fewer than
fifteen percent of their work group and this heightened visibility results in them being
subjected to stereotypes about their group.
a. tokenism
b. minority related depression
c. coming out
d. employment blocking
ANS: a
8. Another name for barriers for sexual minority employees seeking promotions in corporations
is
a. pink ceiling
b. glass ceiling
c. employment blocking
d. tokenism
ANS: a
True/False
1. Most public schools in the United States are hostile places for sexual minority students.
Ans: T
Instructor Resource
Fitzgerald, Sociology of Sexualities
SAGE Publishing, 2018
2. Cyberbullying is decreasing with the advancement of technology.
Ans: F
Short Answer
1. Give one example each of how sexuality is shaped by schools and workplace?
Essay
1. To what extent does the research on hook-up culture on college campuses reflect your
experiences? Is hook-up culture gendered?
2. Compare the sex education you received to the types of sex education discussed in the text.
Would you describe your sex education as “comprehensive?” Was anything missing?
3. Explain the various solutions to the inclusion of transgender students at women’s colleges.
Which of these seem the most appropriate and why? Can you think of any other solution to the
dilemma of inclusion these institutions are facing? Can you think of any similar examples in
history?
4. Explain the various ways workplaces are sexualized environments. In these sexualized
environments, what groups of people can be considered privileged and what groups of people
can be considered disadvantaged, based on the research presented in this chapter?
5. Identify the benefits an LGBTQ employee experiences by coming out at work. What are
some disadvantages they face by coming out? How is the coming out process evidence of
Instructor Resource
Fitzgerald, Sociology of Sexualities
SAGE Publishing, 2018
heterosexual privilege? Compare coming out in school to coming out at work. What might be
some advantages and disadvantages provided by each environment?
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of lesion causing this symptom, some of which have been
reproduced in our table. We will not go into any details as to the
character of this symptom, referring the reader to the sources
indicated. In the first case given in our table (Case 10) the
hemianopsia was produced by a tumor in front of, and impinging
upon, the optic chiasm; in the other four cases (Cases 40, 41, 42,
and 43) the tumor was situated in the occipital lobe, and was
surrounded by an area of destroyed tissue. Hemianopsia is not,
strictly speaking, a symptom of brain tumor, but is likely to be present
in cases occurring in certain regions of the brain. Starr's conclusions
with reference to lateral homonymous hemianopsia when it is not
produced by a lesion of one optic tract are that it may result from a
lesion situated either (1) in the pulvinar of one optic thalamus; (2) in
the posterior part of one interior capsule or its radiation backward
toward the occipital lobe; (3) in the medullary portion of the occipital
lobe; or (4) in the cortex of one occipital lobe. The conclusions of
Seguin are only different in so far as they more closely limit the
position of the lesion.
25 Vol. IV.
27 Amer. Journ. Med. Sci., N. S., vol. lxxxvii., January, 1884, p. 65.
Carcinoma 7 Glio-sarcoma 1
Cholesteotoma 1 Gumma 13
Cyst 2 Lipoma 1
Echinococcus 2 Myxo-sarcoma 1
Enchondroma 1 Myxo-glioma 2
Endothelioma 1 Osteoma 2
Fibro-glioma 2 Sarcoma 15
Fibroma 4 Tubercle 13
Glioma 16 Unclassified 16
The histology of tumors of the brain does not in the main differ from
that of the same growths as found in other parts of the body, so that
a detailed description of their structures, even though founded upon
original research, could not offer many novel facts in a field which
has been so thoroughly cultivated. Such a description would
probably repeat facts which have already been presented in other
parts of this work, and which are better and more appropriately put
forth in special treatises devoted to the science of pathology. It is
proper, however, for the sake of convenience and thoroughness, to
make brief mention of the structure of brain tumors, and especially to
dwell upon certain features of these morbid growths which may be
considered characteristic of their encephalic location, and hence
have not only pathological but also clinical interest. It is hardly worth
while to refer to speculations which aim to elucidate the very
foundations of the science, except that in a few of these theories we
gain an additional insight into both the structure and conduct of some
very characteristic brain tumors.
30 Page 1107.
The gliomata are among the most common and characteristic tumors
of the cerebro-spinal axis, to which system and its prolongation into
the retina they are confined. They invariably spring from the
neuroglia or connective tissue of the nerve-centres, and reproduce
this tissue in an embryonal state. They greatly resemble the brain-
substance to naked-eye inspection, but have, histologically, several
varieties of structure. These variations depend upon the relations of
the cell-elements to the fibres or felted matrix of the neoplasm. In the
hard variety the well-packed fibrous tissue preponderates over the
cell-elements, and we have a tumor resembling not a little the
fibromata (Obernier). The second variety, or soft gliomata, show a
marked increase of cells of varied shapes and sizes, with a rich
vascular supply which allies these growths to the sarcomata. The
elements of gliomata sometimes assume a mucoid character, which
allies them, again, to the myxomata.
FIG. 43.
FIG. 44.
(1) Homogeneous translucent fibre-cell; (2) cells like unipolar ganglion-
cells; (3) giant cell (Osler).
True neuromata are probably very rare growths, and it is likely that
some tumors which have been described as such are really
connective-tissue tumors of a gliomatous nature, in which some of
the cell-elements have been mistaken for the ganglion-cells.
Obernier33 says that these tumors are small and grow from the gray
matter on the surface, also on the ventricular surfaces. They are also
found in the white matter. He says they are only found in persons
having some congenital or acquired aberration; by which is probably
meant some other well-marked neurosis or psychosis. The one
hundred tabulated cases afforded no examples of neuromata.
33 Op. cit.
The angiomata, somewhat rarely found within the skull, are noted for
their abnormal development of the vascular tissues: they are
composed mainly of blood-vessels and the connective tissue, which
supports them in closely-packed masses. They also present
cavernous enlargements. They are of especial interest in cerebral
pathology, because the lesion known as pachymeningitis
hæmorrhagica, often found in dementia paralytica, is considered by
some to be angiomatous; although by far the most generally
accepted view of this latter condition is that it is due to arterial
degeneration, and in part is an inflammatory exudate.
Pacchionian bodies are very common in the brain, and are really
small fibromata. They may form true tumors (Cornil and Ranvier)
capable of wearing away the bones of the cranium. In fact, even
when small they may have corresponding indentations in the skull.
They are not to be mistaken for tubercle. Clouston35 has described
excrescences from the white matter of the brain, growing through the
convolutions, projecting through the dura mater, and indenting the
inner table of the skull; which new growths he calls hernia of the
brain through the dura. We have not seen such a condition
described elsewhere, and think that we have here probably
Pacchionian bodies growing from the pia mater. They were found in
a case of tumor of the cerebellum.
35 Journ. Ment. Sci., xviii. p. 153.
It must not be forgotten just here, however, that, on the one hand,
ophthalmoscopic appearances very similar to those of albuminuric
retinitis are sometimes present in rare cases of brain tumor, and also
in other constitutional disorders, such as leukæmia; and, on the
other hand, that, as stated by Norris,36 exceptional forms of
albuminuric retinitis have been reported where the only change seen
in the fundus oculi was pronounced choking of the disc.
36 Op. cit.