2022 AMC Senior Solutions65

9. Alternative 1
The only way of obtaining 12 is 11 on the large dice and 1 on the small dice. Since these
two rolls are independent,
1 1 1
P (total 12) = P (11 on large dice) × P (1 on small dice) = × =
6 2 12

hence (D).
Alternative 2
These rolls can be visualised as this 6 × 6 table of 36 equally likely outcomes:

0 0 0 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 10 10 10
11 11 11 11 12 12 12

3 1
As shown, 3 of the 36 have total 12, so the probability is = ,
36 12
hence (D).

10. The answer is approximately 25−1/2 + 16−1/4 = 15 + 12 = 10 7

, strongly suggesting that (C)
−1/2
is the closest. Furthermore, 25 = 0.2 is slightly less than 24−1/2 , whilst 16−1/4 = 0.5 is
−1/4
slightly greater than 17 so the errors will tend to cancel rather than accumulate.
Consequently, 0.7 is the closest of the five options,
hence (C).

11. Suppose p  q = q  p. Then 2p − q = 2q − p and so 3p = 3q. Consequently the only pairs

are where p = q.
Conversely every pair where p = q has p  q = q  p.
So (−6, −6), (−5, −5), . . . , (0, 0), (1, 1), . . . , (6, 6) are the 13 possible pairs,
hence (B).

12. Let the radii of the circles be x, y and z, with z being the radius of the largest circle.
Then x + y = 8, x + z = 9, and y + z = 13. Adding all three equations, 2x + 2y + 2z =
8 + 9 + 13 = 30 so that x + y + z = 15. Then z = 15 − 8 = 7,
hence (C).

13. The five numbers have integer mean, so their sum is a multiple of 5. The original four
numbers add to 26, and the fifth number must be between 3 and 11 but can’t be 4. So the
fifth number is 9, the sum of all five is 35 and the new mean is 35 ÷ 5 = 7,
hence (D).

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