WRITTEN REPORT

MAEEMNGT 2211
LEADERSHIP IN EDUCATION CLASS

NAME: BANDAJA, JEMAR MASUGOD

SECTION: EM-C 2211
Professor: DR. MARISSA B. NADAL

HISTORY OF LEADERSHIP
The history of leadership is a fascinating subject that spans across centuries and
cultures. Throughout history, various individuals have emerged as influential leaders,
shaping the course of nations, organizations, and movements. Here is a brief overview of the
history of leadership, along with some notable examples:
1. Ancient Leadership:
o In ancient Egypt, Pharaohs were considered divine leaders who ruled with absolute
authority.
o In ancient Greece, leaders like Pericles and Alexander the Great were admired for
their military prowess and political skills.
o In ancient China, Confucius emphasized the importance of ethical leadership and the
well-being of the people.
2. Medieval Leadership:
o During the Middle Ages, feudal lords held power and authority over their vassals and
serfs.
o Religious leaders, such as popes and bishops, played a significant role in shaping
the political landscape of Europe.
3. Renaissance and Enlightenment Leadership:
o The Renaissance period saw the rise of influential leaders like Leonardo da Vinci and
Michelangelo, who made significant contributions to art and culture.
o The Enlightenment era brought forth thinkers like John Locke and Voltaire, who
advocated for individual rights and democratic governance.
4. Modern Leadership:
o The American Revolution gave birth to leaders like George Washington, who led the
fight for independence and later became the first President of the United States.
 o Mahatma Gandhi, a leader of the Indian independence movement, employed
nonviolent resistance to achieve political change.
o Nelson Mandela, as the first black President of South Africa, demonstrated
exceptional leadership in promoting reconciliation and equality.
5. Contemporary Leadership:
o In the business world, leaders like Steve Jobs (Apple) and Elon Musk (Tesla,
SpaceX) have revolutionized industries through their innovative ideas and
charismatic leadership.
o Political leaders like Angela Merkel (Germany) and Jacinda Ardern (New Zealand)
have gained international recognition for their effective leadership styles.
o It is important to note that leadership styles and theories have evolved over time,
influenced by societal changes and advancements in psychology and management
studies.
o
Meaning of Leadership
 Leadership refers to the ability to guide, inspire, and influence others towards
achieving a common goal or vision.
 It involves taking charge, making decisions, and motivating individuals or teams to
work together effectively.
 A leader sets a positive example, provides guidance and support, and empowers
others to reach their full potential.
 Leadership encompasses various skills such as communication, problem-solving,
decision-making, and emotional intelligence.
 It is not limited to a specific position or title, as anyone can demonstrate leadership
qualities in different aspects of life.
 Leadership is the ability to guide, inspire, and influence others towards achieving a
common goal or vision.
 It involves taking charge, making decisions, and motivating individuals or teams to
work together effectively.
 A leader sets the direction, provides guidance, and empowers others to reach their
full potential.
 There are various definitions of leadership provided by experts in the field. Here are a
few references:

(1) According to Peter Northouse, a renowned leadership scholar, leadership is "a process
whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal"
(Northouse, 2019).
(2) John C. Maxwell, a leadership expert, defines leadership as "influence - nothing more,
nothing less" (Maxwell, 1998). He emphasizes that leadership is not about titles or positions
but about the ability to positively impact others.
(3) Warren Bennis, a pioneer in the study of leadership, describes it as "the capacity to
translate vision into reality" (Bennis, 2007). He highlights the importance of a leader's ability
to inspire and guide others towards a shared vision.
These references provide different perspectives on leadership, but they all
emphasize the importance of influence, vision, and achieving common goals. Leadership is
a complex and multifaceted concept that plays a crucial role in various domains, including
business, politics, education, and community development.

NATURE AND ELEMENTS OF LEADERSHIP

Leadership is a complex and multifaceted concept that plays a crucial role in various
aspects of life, including education, business, politics, and community development. It
involves the ability to influence and guide others towards achieving a common goal or vision.
In this response, we will explore the nature and elements of leadership, supported by
relevant references.
1. Nature of Leadership:
1.1 Leadership is a process: It is not a position or title but a dynamic process of
influencing and motivating others to work towards a shared objective.
1.2 Leadership is situational: Effective leaders adapt their style and approach
based on the specific situation and the needs of their followers.
1.3 Leadership is a relationship: It involves building trust, fostering open
communication, and establishing a positive rapport with followers.
1.4 Leadership is forward-looking: Leaders envision a better future and inspire
others to work towards that vision.
 1.5 Leadership is about service: Great leaders prioritize the needs of their
followers and work towards their development and success.

2. Elements of Leadership:
2.1 Vision: A clear and compelling vision provides direction and purpose, motivating
followers to strive for a common goal.
2.2 Communication: Effective leaders are skilled communicators who can articulate
their vision, provide feedback, and listen actively to their followers.
2.3 Influence: Leaders use their influence to inspire and motivate others,
encouraging them to achieve their full potential.
2.4 Decision-making: Leaders make informed decisions, considering various
perspectives and weighing the potential outcomes.
2.5 Emotional intelligence: Leaders possess emotional intelligence, which enables
them to understand and manage their own emotions and empathize with others.
2.6 Integrity: Leaders demonstrate honesty, transparency, and ethical behavior,
earning the trust and respect of their followers.
2.7 Adaptability: Leaders are flexible and adaptable, able to navigate through
change and uncertainty.
2.8 Empowerment: Effective leaders empower their followers by delegating
responsibilities, providing autonomy, and fostering a sense of ownership.

References:

Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage Publications.

Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organizations. Pearson Education.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology
Press.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology
Press.
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Leadership: Theory and practice (8th ed.). Sage Publications.