tne skundand waut guahons fot a byjes

Tanamiwioy
cguadion
RAr

V Gidk

An

AMumns a tanmgion
ranamiyion line
ine ith dstibuded
Let of lire pon Ued levgts
Induchne
length
G Shukd Curductan Ce
a Smal Gectioh of the
Sesitthce, iducence, Gacitane Cayduckhce
RAn, An,C An NCARecluny ihe olioge a
diglance ln40n) hom Ahe Sevdirg ehd
Tqyloy theorem
An (1)

Th difference n wltoge,
es1stane indoctahce

Vo)V (ntAx)Vo) V(n)+OV

(RAn )it (L Bn)

=R(4L (Z)
 Can
Sinlalg
(9

The ca_sciory ) (D
Sinilkun Soluion
he Covyiclta Callec
theh 4he in loy leytraniO% lire

and Quet that Ouhtrauel uthen

diycotio
wtheut charge Sha pe S maghitude wth a
to

differeudialing forusod UY faitTe

directioh be as a
On
(Jen-t) then fonctaaVcn-)
twat bacKcocnd
n diyectfot be anethea
functioh
Sslutio,

(et)s
Soluton
uth xefene
tfeatutiahg
Siniladg
but
 Afte ntegd ib

second cnivahe

Th quanity e tho cs impoclahce

ine daneted
of the
it Coih be Shown tad
Smileen Prpagation of tavelliy
Eyplain Sunge impednce cnd Uebcity of
Suddlen usltoge
Sunge > Suage implie to phenomenoh Such c
Jel toanumisioh ling
haNmmios
an ong be shclied lorg
LC
Sunge
line be cuLMe htuo

which Same
sktrs fie Wauo propagohon.
Cuhen uolkge j sudelenly impreH ed ih
ib
tranamimioh int it propaqate Iike a
TIanmimlok
KVL

Sending Receking
end
end

X=0
Sepresends the Ye flected wao Vat)v(tbn, tt H) Ttt
doye troh
decyeig IX,+)
YAx LAx

Ihe So\ution for the may be writteh Simibay CAx v(tt

4+4t)
-(

Y==o
 phae
o2PuStie
in
4)ntAa-u)-
x
of
tonioh
of ot)
Coninou
=
velucitg Gndihan
Boundung
(
C1 phese o-)
U[M=
PagoDato
equctí
oh
lef4
shif
pect
y0 Km/sec
Oth
Qquato Shi4
difkeesthete
Similaady Soluton
igkt
 Page

Jincidattxrlechd bomnA

Bropagahom wlocit of Taelling wsve

L Pm
ondition foy low ley in
C
R GE0

Conditoh foy dstaHce. Jem

As

La= Rc

In cidet wae

9XI X
Sonce Roflected wLe
19
SouNKe Jocxd
The Aaulirg
inicat
to
Calll

Ihict
 Page
Expunion toy yefle ctton
Giue the
Reflected
gennal
fom locd to
Coefficients ? Zo
Zo

The Aauellig Soe t

geflecteÀ T ex
Zo

RÅected 1+

Rosutat Zt-Zo
ReaulAeihd
Jaltage
er=
Zo
¬r

Reflectan of
unifomallty of lire
the thoe will be pontfal
3eflectioh
Uni fotmaity te distujed due to jottt of ZLtZo
heod line
TYChs formea
Tyamfrmmy
Give he expsion fos relfecion factey or eflection Coefficient8
Iympedance
fojul tent volBoge
Reflec Hon Cofffcieut
Ratio of Roflected uoltge to the ihctdot
Uolege LucL0 Called Reflectt an Coffcclest of
xe greentecl

Z4- Zo
 Page
Dato Dedvce expion for rofraction coe fficients of wlfoge 2
Cwunt w e when the live terminated thoough c Cable
Refrachon Cofficient traymmion factor

tha of Teahant salto

the inclcot ltoge
YeRYOSeted

14

420
1- Zo 1-0

1-0

f Line ReflecHios Refrachon

Y Candihoh CGofficiet Coffcient
+1 2
opeh
Z4= Zo
Caye-1 Sunge impedace bd 1
Sht
Sy= Z-Zo
ZE Zo Cable >
Line Cann ec ted
nheh tcavela totuandA the Calle from the
in impedc n (e3 Ct the
line he Cawe of the diffenance
xeflected the
juncion Some pant of th
hanamitted
Case tor Shert- (acted ine
Line Canhected to a Cable

The hanymtteol uoltoge is

Z40
ee' X

The txawiteo
 Page
Dato Page

Refle chedl

Refractal thddet

I +I'

Explain tta Gan c«pt of reflechun > sefrchion of tavelling wae ItI'
TUnchon
Reflkcion andRfachoh at T JUnctioh li
a Capacitane
tenminated thncugh.
Refecioh and RfracHon at T junchioy lin v-vy
Let I be he elege CLäuit for inciclt
B eq' (
VI' he foy efleded u.
Let aunt fos
Yefraded purclle) pott,
Let be altage 4. foy 3V
yefracteel ahathen Z

fox dis sinilan Ca ble 2/1

heco fwe punalll pat,
V, I
Node
’ vr

(9
 Date

1
Take the
inVEUe lpkacp TYahfor
V" (4) = 2V
1-e
V V4)

Line teaninated thaough a incident uclteye

apacitahce ?>
Consicls here thert d C
Sange of infinte Since tht tenninaihg impeda hce hat a tansmtdh
AndA ihact on the
Susge thsfore y"soi4 hat
apacifo
Capacrtor C

Tn thiA
Connected Cableit suffu yeflechkoh Cnol
Liy torirded oug'h a Yeichon Ct the juhchoh:
Capacitahe A abuut o of the [hcidet
The Thu xefacted uolHege
Yefracte d sl ese
Voltesgev
VS) = 2U
thete fore, Suffeas.

ZCS+1
 Page
Dato

unchion
Chpacitox Gnnection at a T V4)
of ite dunatea
V'()= Sus te
C

be

Time

The Cald be AsCarnpaad

SV
Vultt=y fortT
SZC for t2t

Z122C

(zH2)ZzC V"t)

21421
onlg
id aciUe ahd foy t t bot
the ton mA.
The
 dt be tealke
distawce let
dx of thavc)a
a
Uhits be
OVeA Ut dntonce
thsagha l
avelod hAUe Ahen
+A Li.ne lossy a ah usa llg Dave
X
Sides both Thtegraton Aegly
I
dx dI
Zu 2 be
dxGz) Rt -I dI
UKit xespechuely
peL Cautchance Asd
dx irductohe,
(apcha yeiblahte, RLcAG
the be Let
dI
waves
s
Traelling Atenuaion
of
truveling of
attenuahon the Eyplaln
then
TransmiCH
he shert
elemet
6f differanhal beou ay SIgh hegatie attehucutiokih Hhe thet cleo 16
haunal the
Ax C dp=-2I7,dI
AxG difenehtd
Pouen
distahcQ at powen The
I'Rdxv'Gd.
-) =de
Ax
V,I
Date
Page
 Page
Date
ExMain Bewky n latte digray wth a sutable exenple what
informcahon 4 obtuined fon Bewkyi5 laHre diagram .
This Shaus that Bewleys lattice diagyam OY Repested ReecHony 37
gt aHehuated exponehHally
the he Ond th hegtude of atenuctios
Jeçerd Belea Jatlice diaanami4 nnettdthat
hay hech wdely t)ed
Cmpricel foymala
ueaheexd
hauellirg
Tho methoc frouicey
txansiet arali-:
SimAe xepYeaetatiob
be for uoltoge
HKx Vo tuelsalsg te Sgtem
Callecl epeated xeflectHon.
adlehictio Lattice diogyam dickance time qoaph
Ka o'00031 fur Chapped pi ctune of th pOShions nd direclroh
K= ofor short Lwaves
of eucng ihcidet, yeflecked chd
K O0001 for
Sgtem XEpcoded xeflectoy takoA
Place thoe
and othen drssialcs discat htaiHy eg
Let Con tdon the Coye Shat Cabke Ggnvectel
C CUeaheod line
Sunge ibnpedcne UVenhod of
Seige fmpealahíe of Csable
Line to able YeflecAioh Caeffcekt
Line to Cabe Cacfficiest
Cable to
Rellactioh at the
 Page
Date

disiance
Calle
A th joncion
5dislay Split. Into to
lke andothe Yetle cled hack into th
Tim
Thid
Cablc:
4e
Succente ih Cable b clocaeae
2T The latic lsqan qoude
thoe Yepcated eflechohy
4T
the slope of the lire

ST
Sttem the slopirg ne fam
tho
6T

hg-wewley'y lattice drayn Anplitcl

*A the fan Chd Cuble Can Canyde

Suppsse that vectangulcs

qinatsd
Cabe the ue 3

and the othaa 4aiestie

T

Camplital eflectsd back

point be Calculatc d
back
theikctiol, Sinylce manhe
 Page
Dato

qpplicutib, of teey koh (0 denise erpremia of vefleci'on vd

whan
Beuteyl lathe cb'ogra
ha ben ordey iea
fordalehily Vale o
hqvellinwaLujn han jet
ced pourlua vey Simple epr ntta, Reflechon Ordl refrackox
The Qoefftcieds of a ie
)efcchiaty c)# Toniminated trough Reytstavce
baashs3104
taavelt clag Letz be th Sunge
fom a tene
Cah cluded thaet ti dode of digil Conmptey
Seme
Papes.
developnscnt of I'
app roah for hc Pro2cn for
methed using lab
Whene the yellecleal Uolfenge s Cuut ureg

Reficotecd waue
Let
hto the yesktor RL whehthe inadaiet wau
Vand

V
 2
pitz

I'

-V 2-z) Rallecton

aboe
tor Cioost

5(oelficient of ehochon

acffiaeat of eflecHas.
04Z

ualkge
Coeficiet of etachey for Cuouut woe 22
 Dats

ooV (h a
4 avellig xut
gor A pames hto a
of sungepedcuce
[hpeclaue o olut will be Yebrcha
af suye
Uoltage hg hele fruelli'y tht
T'= Reflecled CWDIaf
Rellecked Uolkefe
I s ciclant
Vingjclet Uolte
wligeTEV
TacinsnaiioL, arxeflecios (oefficient of

hannikMioh o Yllecioh Coefficiet

(7t7)
of Jood
Cable

44P