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6.1 Sets and Set Operations

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. List the elements in the set , such that

is a positive integer and

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.06m

2. List the set of all outcomes of tossing three indistinguishable coins.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ANS: D PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.09bm

3. List the elements of all outcomes of rolling two indistinguishable dice such that the numbers add up to
7.

a. {(1, 6),(2, 5),(3, 4),(4, 3),(5, 2),(6, 1)}

b. {(1, 6),(2, 5),(3, 4)}
c. {(1, 6),(2, 5),(3, 4),(4, 3),(2, 5),(1, 6)}
d. {(6, 1),(5, 2),(4, 3),(3, 4),(5, 2),(6, 1)}
e.
ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.14m

4. Let

{Apple, Dell, Gateway, Pomegranate, Compaq}

{Apple, Dell, Pomegranate, Compaq}
{Compaq}
{Compaq}

Use a Venn diagram to determine the relationships among the sets.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
 ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.20m

5. Let

{Jello, Jeffrey, Solly, Lucy}

{Jeffrey, Lucy, Jelly}
{Joan, Jeffrey, Lucy}

Find the set .

a. {Jello, Jeffrey, Solly, Lucy, Joan}

b. {Jello, Jeffrey, Solly, Joan, Jelly}
c. {Jeffrey, Lucy}
d. {Jello, Jeffrey, Lucy, Joan}
e.
ANS: A PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.22m

6. Let

{June, Jill, Solly, Jolly}

{Jill, Jolly, Jelly}
{Ruth, Jill, Jolly}

Find the set .

a. {June, Jill, Solly, Jolly, Jelly, Ruth}

b. {June, Jill, Solly, Jolly, Ruth}
c. {Jill, Jolly}
d. {Jill, Solly, Jolly, Jelly, Ruth}
e.
ANS: A PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.25m

7. Let

{June, Jeffrey, Molly, Polly}

{Jeffrey, Polly, Jennifer}
{Ruth, Jeffrey, Polly}

Find the set .

a. {Ruth, Jeffrey, Polly}

b. {June, Jeffrey, Molly, Polly, Jennifer, Ruth}
c. {June, Jeffrey, Molly, Polly, Jennifer, Molly}
d. {Jeffrey, Polly}
e.
ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.26m

8. Let

{Jello, Jill, Solly, Lucy}

{Jill, Lucy, Jennifer}
{Joan, Jill, Lucy}
 Find the set .

a. {Joan, Jennifer}
b. {Jello, Jill, Lucy}
c. {Jill, Lucy}
d. {Jill, Lucy, Joan, Jennifer}
e.
ANS: C PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.27m

9. Let

{June, Justine, Sally, Molly, Jello, Rachel}

Find the set .

a. {Justine, Rachel}
b. {June, Sally, Molly, Jello, Rachel}
c. {June, Justine, Sally, Molly, Jello, Rachel}
d. {June, Justine, Rachel}
e.
ANS: E PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.29m

10. Let

{Janet, Jill, Molly, Polly}

{Jill, Polly, Jane}
{Rachel, Jill, Polly}

Find the set .

a. {Rachel, Jill, Polly}

b. {Jill, Jane}
c. {Jill, Polly}
d. {Janet, Jill, Molly, Polly, Jane, Rachel}
e.
ANS: C PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.32m

11. Let

{small, medium, large}

{hexagon, square}

List the elements of as ordered pairs in a set notation.

a. (small, hexagon), (medium, square), (large, square), (small, medium), (medium, large),
(hexagon, square)
b. (small,hexagon), (medium, hexagon), (large, hexagon), (small, square), (medium, square),
(large, square)
c. (small, hexagon), (medium, square), (small, large), (small, medium), (medium, large),
(hexagon, square)
d. (small, medium), (medium, large), (small, large), (hexagon, square)
 e. (small, hexagon), (medium, hexagon), (large, hexagon), (small, square), (medium, square),
(hexagon, square)
ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.35m

12. Let

{blue, green}
{hexagon, square}

List the elements of as ordered pairs in a set notation.

a. (blue, hexagon), (green, square)

b. (blue, hexagon), (blue, square), (green, hexagon), (green, square)
c. (blue, green), (hexagon, square), (blue, hexagon), (green, square)
d. (blue, square), (green, hexagon)
e. (blue, square), (green, hexagon), (blue, green), (hexagon, square)
ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.36m

13. Let

{small, medium, large}

{circle, hexagon}

Represent the elements of as cells in a spreadsheet.

a. d.

b. e.
 c.

ANS: A PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.40m

14. Let A = {H, T} be the set of outcomes when a coin is tossed.

List the set of all outcomes of tossing a coin two times.

a. (T, T), (T, H), (H, T), (H, H)

b. (H, H), (H, T), (T, T)
c. (H, H), (H, T), (T, H)
d. (T, T), (T, H), (H, H)
e. (T, T), (T, H), (H, T), (T, T)
ANS: A PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.44m

15. Let S be the set of outcomes when two distinguishable dice are rolled, let E be the subset of outcomes
in which at least one die shows an even number.

List the elements of E'.

a. {(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (5, 1), (5, 3), (5, 5)}
b. {(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 1), (5, 3), (1, 5)}
c. {(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5)}
d. {(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 5)}
e. {(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 1), (5, 3), (5, 5)}
ANS: E PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.47m

16. A freelance computer consultant keeps a database of her clients, which contains the names

S = {Acme, Brothers, Crafts, Dion, Effigy, Floyd, Global, Hilbert}.

The following clients owe her money:

N = {Hilbert, Floyd, Effigy, Global}.

The following clients have done at least $10,000 worth of business with her:

B = {Hilbert, Brothers, Floyd, Dion}

Find the clients who owe her money and have done at least $10,000 worth of business with her.

a. {Hilbert, Floyd}
b. {Hilbert, Floyd, Effigy, Global, Brothers, Dion}
c. {Hilbert, Effigy, Floyd}
 d. {Hilbert, Floyd, Dion}
e. {Floyd, Brothers}
ANS: A PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.61m

17. A freelance computer consultant keeps a database of her clients, which contains the names

S = {Acme, Brothers, Crafts, Dion, Effigy, Floyd, Global, Hilbert}

The following clients owe her money:

N = {Acme, Floyd, Effigy, Global}

The following clients have employed her in the last year:

G = {Acme, Floyd, Dion, Effigy, Global, Hilbert}

Find the clients who do not owe her money or have employed her in the last year.

a. {Effigy, Acme, Floyd, Dion, Global, Hilbert}

b. {Acme, Effigy, Floyd, Global}
c. {Acme, Brothers, Crafts, Dion, Effigy, Floyd, Global, Hilbert}
d. {Dion, Hilbert}
e.
ANS: C PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.66m

18. You are searching online for Jazz music that is neither African nor Japanese.

In set notation, which set of music files are you searching for?

a. Jazz (African Japanese)'

b. Jazz (African Japanese)
c. Jazz (African Japanese)'
d. Jazz (African Japanese)'
e. Jazz (African Japanese)'
ANS: A PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.73m

19. You would like to see either a drama movie or one that is based on a cartoon book character but does
not feature aliens. Which set of movies are you interested in seeing?

a. drama (cartoon aliens' )

b. drama (cartoon aliens' )
c. drama (cartoon aliens)'
d. drama (cartoon aliens' )
e. drama (cartoon aliens' )
ANS: D PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.74m

20. Use Venn Diagrams to determine which of the following identities are true for the subsets B, C, and G
of S.

a. (Associative Law), and

(Distributive law)
 b. (De Morgan's law), and
(Associative Law)
c.
(De Morgan's law), and

(Associative Law)
d. (De Morgan's law), and
(Distributive law)
e. (Distributive law), and
(De Morgan's law)
ANS: B PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.53m

SHORT ANSWER

1. Let

Janet, Justine, Solly, Polly

Justine, Polly, Jane

Rachel, Justine, Polly

Find the set .

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.22

2. Let

Jello, Jeffrey, Solly, Lucy

Jeffrey, Lucy, Jelly

Joan, Jeffrey, Lucy

Find the set .

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.25

3. Let

June, Jill, Sally, Jolly

Jill, Jolly, Jennifer

 Ruth, Jill, Jolly

Find the set .

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.27

4. Let

small, medium, large

hexagon, square

List the elements of as ordered pairs in a set notation.

ANS:
set((small,hexagon),(medium,hexagon),(large,hexagon,),(small,square),(medium,square,),(large,square
))

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.35

5. Let

blue, green

circle, square

List the elements of as ordered pairs in a set notation.

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.36

6. List the set of all outcomes of tossing three indistinguishable coins.

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.09b

7. Let A = { H,T } be the set of outcomes when a coin is tossed.

List the set of all outcomes of tossing a coin two times.

ANS:
 PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.44

8. List the elements of all outcomes of rolling two indistinguishable dice such that the numbers add up to
.

The answer is __________.

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.14

9. Let

{June, Jill, Molly, Polly}

{Jill, Polly, Jelly}
{Rachel, Jill, Polly}

Find the set .

__________

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.26

10. Let

{Janet, Justine, Sally, Jolly, Jello, Joan}

Find the set .

__________

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.29

11. Let

{Janet, Jill, Sally, Lucy}

{Jill, Lucy, Jelly}
{Ruth, Jill, Lucy}

Find the set .

__________
 ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.32

12. Let

{small, medium, large}

{oblong, hexagon}

Represent the elements of as cells in a spreadsheet.

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.40

13. Let S be the set of outcomes when two distinguishable dice are rolled, let B be the subset of outcomes
in which at least one die shows an even number.

List the elements of B'.

B ' = __________

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.47

14. A freelance computer consultant keeps a database of her clients, which contains the names

S = {Acme, Brothers, Crafts, Dion, Effigy, Floyd, Global, Hilbert}.

The following clients owe her money:

A = {Acme, Floyd, Effigy, Global}.

The following clients have done at least $10,000 worth of business with her:

D = {Acme, Brothers, Floyd, Dion}

Write the clients who owe her money and have done at least $10,000 worth of business with her.
 The answer is __________.

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.61

15. A freelance computer consultant keeps a database of her clients, which contains the names

S = {Acme, Brothers, Crafts, Dion, Effigy, Floyd, Global, Hilbert}

The following clients owe her money.

A = {Acme, Floyd, Effigy, Global}

The following clients have employed her in the last year.

G = {Acme, Floyd, Dion, Effigy, Global, Hilbert}

Write the clients who do not owe her money or have employed her in the last year.

The answer is __________

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.66

16. List the elements in the set A, such that

is a positive integer and 0 < n < 7 .

Please separate your answers with comma(s).

n = { ___________ }

ANS:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.06

ESSAY

1. You are searching for Hip-hop music that is neither African nor Japanese.

In set notation, for which subset of music files are you searching?

ANS:
;
 PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.73

2. You would like to see either a Documentary movie or one that is based on a Cartoon book character
but does not feature robots. Which set of movies are you interested in seeing?

Please answer in set notation.

ANS:

PTS: 1 MSC: wcfm04.06.01.74

Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
Xanthorhiza, 379, 383.
Xanthorrhæa, 312.
Xeranthemum, 566, 570.
Xerotes, 312.
Xylaria, 131.
Xylariaceæ, 131.
Xylem, 251.
Xylopia, 388.
Xylophylla, 431, 432.
Xylosteum, 554.
Xyridaceæ, 308.

Yam, 323.
Yeast-formation, 94.
Yeast-fungi, 31, 36.
Yellow bird’s-nest, 507.
Yellow-rattle, 525, 526.
Yellow Water-lily, 387.
Yellow-wort, 543.
Yew, 259, 261, 266.
Ylang-ylang, 388.
Yorkshire-fog, 294, 296.
Yucca, 312, 313, 316.

Zamia, 253.
Zannardinia, 12, 72.
Zannichellia, 278, 279.
Zantedeschia, 305, 306.
Zanthoxyleæ, 436.
Zanthoxylum, 436.
Zea, 290, 293.
Zelkova, 351.
Zingiber, 326.
Zingiberaceæ, 277, 323, 325.
Zinnia, 572.
Zizania, 293.
Zizyphus, 448.
Zoochlorella, 9.
Zoogametes, 12.
Zooglœa, 27.
Zoogonicæ, 68, 70.
Zoosporangia, 10.
Zoospores, 10, 87.
Zooxantella, 9.
Zostera, 279, 280, 306, 316.
Zostereæ, 278.
Zygadenus, 310.
Zygochytriaceæ, 103.
Zygomorphy, 277.
Zygomycetes, 95, 96.
Zygophyllaceæ, 438.
Zygophyllum, 438.
Zygospore, 12.
Zygote, 12.
Zygnema, 44, 45.
Zygnemaceæ, 44.
 Butler & Tanner, The Selwood Printing Works, Frome, and London.

FOOTNOTES:
[1] See Angiospermæ.
[2] According to the recent investigations of Winogradsky some
micro-organisms (Nitrifying-bacteria) can build organic from
inorganic matter. Sachs’ hypothesis that the first organisms must
necessarily have contained chlorophyll is therefore untenable.
[3] Myxogasteres, Engler’s Syllabus, p. 1.
[4] Acrasieæ and Plasmodiophorales, ibid.
[5] Myxophyceæ, Cyanophyceæ.
[6] The Bacteria are more usually included under Fungi. It
seems better, however, to place them under the Algæ in a
separate class with the Schizophyceæ.
[7] See Marshall Ward, “On the Characters or Marks employed
for Classifying the Schizomycetes,” Annals of Botany, 1892.
[8] According to Hansen these are not disease forms, but occur
regularly under certain conditions, e.g. temperature.
[9] Before fertilisation the oosphere divides and cuts off at the
base one or more cells (polar bodies?), termed “wendungszellen.”
[10] From the Greek μὐκης = Fungus, hence “mycology.”
[11] This term is adopted as a translation of the German
“anlage.”
[12] Also termed Water-Fungi (Wasserpilzen).
[13] Antheridium is preferred in this sub-class as keeping a
more uniform term (Kn).
[14] In the resupinate fruit-bodies a fertile and sterile surface
cannot be distinguished (cf. Polyporaceæ and some Stereum-
species).
[15] The two last genera are identical, the Algal part being a
Scytonema, that of Cora a Chroococcus; while the same Fungus
—a Thelephora—takes part in the formation of all three (A. Möller,
Flora, 1893).
[16] Formerly termed oophyte.
[17] The oospore divides by a wall transverse or oblique to the
longer axis of the archegonium. From the upper (epibasal) cell,
the capsule (and seta) is derived, while the lower (hypobasal)
gives rise to the foot. In Riccia the hypobasal half takes part in the
formation of the sporangium.
[18] In the Polypodiaceæ unisexual prothallia as distinct as
those of Equisetum are of common occurrence.
[19] The position of the annulus varies in the different orders;
longitudinal in Polypodiaceæ, Hymenophyllaceæ, and
Cyatheaceæ; transverse in Schizæaceæ, Gleicheniaceæ;
indistinct or apical in Osmundaceæ, Ophioglossaceæ,
Marattiaceæ, Salviniaceæ, Marsiliaceæ.
[20] The former genus Pteris is divided into Pteris and
Pteridium.
[21] Floral-leaves (hypsophyllary leaves) are here adopted as
an equivalent of the term “Hochblätter,” to signify leaves on the
floral-shoot other than foliage or sporangia-bearing leaves. The
term bract is applied only to leaves in whose axil a flower is
borne, and bracteoles to leaves borne on the flower-stalk
(pedicel).
[22] It may be here remarked that another explanation is
possible, based on the study of the development (K).
[23] Piperaceæ, Nymphæaceæ.
[24] “Fore-leaf” is adopted as a translation of “Vorblatt.”
[25] Regarding these and other abbreviations see the appendix
in the book.
[26] Syncarp = cluster of fruits belonging to one flower.
[27] “Fan” and “sickle” are adopted as terms for these
inflorescences from the German “fæchel” and “sichel.”
[28] [Although unbranched stems are characteristic of the
Palms, yet branched specimens are recorded from some eleven
genera. The branches are developed from lateral buds, which in
many instances only develope when the terminal bud has been
destroyed. A few Palms develope axillary branches at the base of
the stem; these form rhizomes, and give rise to clusters of aerial
stems.]
[29] The aggregation of the fruits of several distinct flowers into
one mass.
[30] According to Pfitzer, the column is the prolongation of the
floral axis beyond the insertion of the perianth, and is not formed
by the coalescence of sporophylls (filament and style).
[31] Cypripedilum = Cypripedium.
[32] Corallorhiza = Coralliorrhiza.
[33] This is Eichler’s view.—According to Drude the perianth is
absent; at the base of the bracts, a nectary or cup-like disc. Prantl
holds the same view. According to Pax the perianth is absent, but
there is a disc cup-like, or reduced to a single toothed scale.
[34] The fruit of the Walnut is thus a false fruit; and the term
drupe must therefore not be used in the same sense as in the
Rosaceæ.
[35] The pollen-tube in Ulmus does not enter the ovule through
the micropyle.
[36] According to Prantl, some species of Trollius (T.
europæus, and asiatiacus) have a perianth, differentiated into
calyx and corolla, which does not pass over into the honey-
leaves. The outer leaves of the perianth have frequently an
incised apex, the intermediate ones sometimes present
transitional forms to the inner, and sometimes there is a distinct
boundary between them.
[37] If we suppose a spiral line drawn through the leaves
upwards on a stem with scattered leaves (in the shortest way),
then the side of the leaf first touched is the catodic, or
descending, and the other the anodic, or ascending side.
[38] Those marked [+] are officinal, and when no home is
stated, the plant is a native.
[39] Those which are officinal are indicated by [+].
[40] Those marked with a [+] are officinal.
[41] For further reference see Sachs, History of Botany;
Lindley, Vegetable Kingdom; Le Maout and Decaisne, General
System of Botany, etc.
 Transcriber’s Notes:
1. Obvious printers’, punctuation and spelling errors have been corrected silently.
2. Where hyphenation is in doubt, it has been retained as in the original.
3. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have been
retained as in the original.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HANDBOOK
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