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Biological Science, Canadian Edition., 2e (Freeman et al.)
Chapter 7 Inside the Cell
1) What is the most likely role of a cell that contains an extensive smooth ER?
A) It plays a role in storage.
B) It synthesizes large quantities of lipids.
C) It actively exports protein molecules.
D) It plays a role in immune function.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
2) The small intestine is the site of digestion and absorption of nutrients. A single layer of
epithelial cells lines the small intestine. In the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine),
these epithelial cells secrete large quantities of digestive enzymes. Which of the following
features would be typical of these epithelial cells?
A) They contain large numbers of lysosomes.
B) They have more smooth endoplasmic reticulum than rough endoplasmic reticulum.
C) They contain large quantities of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D) They have larger nuclei than cells that secrete large quantities of lipids.
Answer: C
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
7) What is the site of synthesis of proteins for export (secretion from the cell)?
A) free ribosomes
B) ribosomes that attach to the endoplasmic reticulum
C) ribosomes that attach to the Golgi complex
D) ribosomes that attach to the outer mitochondrial membrane
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
2
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
8) Which of the following is not a characteristic that chloroplasts and mitochondria share?
A) They both have their own DNA.
B) They both have multiple membranes.
C) They are both part of the endomembrane system.
D) They are capable of reproducing themselves.
Answer: C
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
9) Which of the following represents a major difference between prokaryotic cells and
eukaryotic cells?
A) Prokaryotes, not eukaryotes, have cell walls.
B) Eukaryotic cells tend to have much more extensive inner membrane systems and larger
numbers of intracellular organelles than prokaryotes.
C) Prokaryotes are unable to carry out aerobic respiration, a process that requires a complex
inner-membrane system.
D) Prokaryotes are a more homogenous group of organisms than eukaryotes, which include
protozoa, plants, and animals.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
10) You have a distant cousin, age 4, who is always tired and fatigued and is not able to play
games and sports like other healthy children. He is most likely to have an enzyme deficiency or
defect associated with which intracellular organelle?
A) lysosomes
B) Golgi stacks
C) peroxisomes
D) mitochondria
Answer: D
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
11) What is a purpose of the cell wall for both prokaryotes and plant cells?
A) to provide a means of cell-cell interaction
B) to enable the cell to obtain nutrients from its environment
C) to regulate the passage of solutes into and out of the cell
D) to protect the cell from the effects of a hypotonic environment
Answer: D
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
12) Mitochondrial DNA codes for about 13 proteins (depending on the species of organism).
These 13 proteins account for a small proportion of the proteins present in mitochondria. The
remaining proteins are coded for by nuclear DNA. What is the most likely explanation for how
these proteins find their way to the mitochondria?
A) signal sequences
B) random transport vesicles
C) attachment of ribosomes to outer mitochondrial pores and direct deposition into the inner
mitochondrial compartment
D) mRNAs that are manufactured in the nucleus, but translated by mitochondrial ribosomes
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.1
Bloom's Level: Applying
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
13) Which of the following components would you expect to find in any type of living
organism?
A) nucleus
B) chromosome
C) mitochondria
D) lysosome
E) microtubule
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.1, 7.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
14) What can you infer about high-molecular-weight proteins that cannot be transported into the
nucleus?
A) They are foreign proteins.
B) They lack nuclear localization signals (NLS).
C) They are defective proteins.
D) They have been tagged for destruction.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.2
Bloom's Level: Applying
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
4
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
16) Which of the following organelles contains receptors for the products of the rough
endoplasmic reticulum?
A) the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) the lysosomes
C) the mitochondria
D) the peroxisomes
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.2
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
17) You arrive late to lecture and your professor is describing a feature of the nucleus that
provides it with structural support. You are not sure which feature is being discussed, but
because you read the book before you came to class, you are fairly certain that it is
A) the nucleus pore.
B) the nucleoplasm.
C) the nuclear lamina.
D) the nucleolus.
Answer: C
Reference: Section 7.2, 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
18) As part of our immune system, neutrophil cells engulf micro-organisms or foreign particles.
The process by which the neutrophil does this is known as
A) exocytosis.
B) pinocytosis.
C) phagocytosis.
D) receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Answer: C
Reference: Section 7.2
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
19) Which of the following organelles is involved in the oxidation of fatty acids or ethanol?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Peroxisomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.2
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
5
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
20) You are studying an organism and note that its proteins fail to be glycosylated. A deficiency
in which of the following organelles is likely the cause?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Peroxisomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.2
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
21) A cell is found to contain a series of damaged organelles. Which process will play a role in
removal of these damaged organelles from the cytosol?
A) Phagocytosis
B) Exocytosis
C) Autophagy
D) Pinocytosis
Answer: C
Reference: Section 7.2
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
22) Scientists found that polypeptides that are normally synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum
are about 20 amino acids longer when they are synthesized by ribosomes not attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum. What is/are possible explanations for the greater length of these
polypeptides?
A) The ribosomes that function as free ribosomes function differently than the ribosomes that are
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
B) The 20 amino acids serve as a signal sequence that directs the forming polypeptide to the
endoplasmic reticulum, where they are cleaved off during processing.
C) The 20-amino-acid sequence helps the endoplasmic reticulum package these proteins for
shipping to the Golgi.
D) The protein has a different function in the cytosol than in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.3
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Applying
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
23) Which of the following would be true for lysosomes that lack mannose-6-phosphate
receptors?
A) They function equally as well as those that possess mannose 6-phosphate receptors.
B) They do not receive enzyme shipments from the Golgi apparatus.
C) They have unstable membranes.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.3
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Applying
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
6
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
24) Eukaryotic cells manufacture cytoskeletal proteins that help to maintain the cells' shapes and
functions. What would you predict about these proteins?
A) They would initially contain signal sequences that would allow their entrance into the
endoplasmic reticulum.
B) They would be manufactured on free ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
C) They would be glycosylated in the Golgi apparatus.
D) They might travel to the nucleus in a transport vesicle with a specific zip code.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.3
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp7-3. Describe the structural and functional importance of the cytoskeleton.
25) Actin filaments have polarity. This means that the two ends can be identified due to
structural differences. The plus end is the end to which subunits are added more rapidly or the
end of polymerization. Which of the following would enable you to identify the plus end of actin
filaments?
A) Add radio labeled actin subunits to a mixture of actin filaments in which conditions are
favorable for polymerization.
B) Add radiolabeled actin subunits to a mixture of actin filaments in which conditions favor
depolymerization.
C) Determine the ionic charge of the ends of the actin filaments.
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-3. Describe the structural and functional importance of the cytoskeleton.
26) Amoeba move by crawling over a surface (amoeboid movement). Which one of the
following processes is part of amoeboid movement?
A) polymerization or extension of actin filaments to form bulges in the plasma membrane
B) setting up microtubule extensions that vesicles can follow in the movement of cytoplasm
C) reinforcing the pseudopod with intermediate filaments
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-3. Describe the structural and functional importance of the cytoskeleton.
7
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
27) Which of the following cytoskeletal proteins are important in changing cell shape or location
(any type of cell movement)?
A) Microfilaments are the only cytoskeletal proteins important in cell movement.
B) Microfilaments and myosin are among the cytoskeletal proteins important in cell movement.
C) Microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments are equally important in cell
movement.
D) Intermediate filaments are the only cytoskeletal proteins important in cell movement.
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-4. Explain the dynamic nature of the cell.
29) Researchers tried to explain how vesicular transport occurs in cells by attempting to
assemble the transport components. They set up microtubular tracks along which vesicles could
be transported, and they added vesicles and ATP (because they knew the transport process
requires energy). Yet, when they put everything together, there was no movement or transport of
vesicles. What were they missing?
A) an axon
B) contractile microfilaments
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) motor proteins
Answer: D
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp7-3. Describe the structural and functional importance of the cytoskeleton.
32) Flagella and cilia bend or move, imparting mobility to cells. How do these structures move?
A) The basal body at the base of the structure hydrolyzes ATP, causing a conformational change
that results in movement of the cilium or flagellum.
B) Two microtubules at the core of the structure serve as motor proteins.
C) Axonemes are structured such that movement is constant.
D) Dynein is a motor protein that hydrolyzes ATP and is responsible for movement of the cilium
or flagellum.
Answer: D
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-4. Explain the dynamic nature of the cell.
33) Flagella are found in both eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. Despite the functional
similarities of all flagella, scientists suspect that eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella have evolved
independently. Why don't they think there is a common evolutionary origin for prokaryotic and
eukaryotic flagella?
A) Prokaryotic flagella move by rotating, whereas eukaryotic flagella undergo an undulating
motion. Furthermore, eukaryotic flagella are covered by a plasma membrane and prokaryotic
flagella are not.
B) Prokaryotic flagella do not protrude outside the cell wall, whereas eukaryotic flagella are
membrane-bound extensions of cytoplasm.
C) Prokaryotic flagella are an adaptation to scarce nutrient supply, whereas eukaryotic flagella
are designed to protect.
D) Prokaryotic flagella do not require energy in the form of ATP.
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-4. Explain the dynamic nature of the cell.
9
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
34) To what does the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, typical of cilia and eukaryotic flagella,
refer?
A) the arrangement of dynein arms with respect to each microtubule
B) the arrangement of microtubules within the axoneme
C) the length of the structures
D) the relationship between the basal body and the axoneme
Answer: B
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-2. Explain what molecular "postal codes" are and how they function.
35) Asbestos is a material that was once used extensively in construction. One risk from working
in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis. The asbestos fibers can be
inhaled. Cells will phagocytose the foreign material but are unable to degrade it. As a result,
asbestos fibers build up in which of the following intracellular organelles?
A) mitochondria
B) nucleus
C) peroxisomes
D) lysosomes
Answer: D
Reference: Essay: Organelles and Human Disease
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
36) Spherocytosis is a defect associated with a defective cytoskeletal protein in red blood cells.
What do you suspect is one consequence of defective cytoskeletal proteins in red blood cells?
A) abnormal cell shape
B) insufficient energy supply in the cell
C) a lack of oxygen-transporting proteins in the cell
D) adhering of blood cells to blood-vessel walls, causing the formation of plaque
Answer: A
Reference: Section 7.4
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp7-3. Describe the structural and functional importance of the cytoskeleton.
37) Which of the following is a basic structural difference between plant cells and animal cells?
A) Plant cells contain chloroplasts, but animal cells do not.
B) Animal cells contain lysosomes, but plant cells do not.
C) Plants have cell walls, and animal cells do not.
D) The cell wall plays a major role in determining plant cell shape, but the cytoskeleton plays a
major role in determining animal cell shape.
E) All of the above apply.
Answer: E
Reference: Entire Chapter 7
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
10
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
38) You are sitting in lecture and you decide to leave the room for a minute. When you return,
the professor is describing a cytoskeletal component and states that these fibres are thin and
consist of two rows of protein subunits wound around each other in a long spiral. Since you left
the room, you did not hear which cytoskeletal component is being referred to, but, since you read
the book before you came to class, you know that it is
A) the microtubules.
B) the intermediate filaments.
C) microfilaments.
D) none of the above.
Answer: C
Reference: Section 7.6
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Remembering
LOs: Chp7-1 & 3. Describe the structure and function of individual cell components.
Describe the structural and functional importance of the cytoskeleton.
11
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada, Inc.
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Ei hän tuota miksikään huomannut, kun nuo veden noutoretket
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yhdessä kaivolla, sisällä ja kaikkialla. Ettäkö tyttökin tuntisi tuollaista!
— Älä tee sitä! Anna noiden keskenään asiansa hoitaa. Kyllä siitä
tosi tulee. Anna on ylpeä, jos hän kuulee jotain, niin se pian siihen
jää. Saahan niistä pari tulla, kun kumpikin näyttävät sitä tahtovan.
Odotetaan! Onhan tuota niin mukava syrjästä katsoa, jutteli emäntä.
— Niin, kyllähän Annakin osaa huolen siitä pitää, että saapi Kallen
kosimaan, vaikka itse sen alkuun panisi — — —
Navetassa oli Anna ja toinen piika. Anna piteli vasikkaa, jota eri
karsinassa pidettiin ruokkimista varten. Kun Kalle tuli kirves kädessä
heidän luo, sanoi toinen tyttö:
Tyttö lehahti punaseksi. Nyt hän tunsi tuon kauvan odotetun asian
tulevan.
Siihen jäi Kalle karsinan viereen. Mikä juutas sen nyt pani irti
repimään, mietti hän harmistuneena. Hän lähti kanssa tuonne
toiseen päähän navettaa. Hän korjasi perän, jolla sonni oli ollut kiinni
ja kun tuo otus ei tahtonut rauhassa pysyä, mätki hän kirvesvarrella
sitä pitkin selkää.
Pahalla tuulella tuli Kalle pirttiin. Hän huomasi kuinka isä iski äidille
silmää. Hän arvasi, että hänestä he tuohon aihetta saivat. Mutta ei
ymmärtänyt minkä vuoksi. Petoako he nauravat, mietti hän
kiukustuneena.
Nukuttiin.
Hänellä itsellään oli kirjaston alku, jonka hän oli saanut hankituksi
ja myötäänsä hän koetti omaa kirjastoaan lisätä. Hänellä olikin suuri
osa suomenkielellä ilmestyneistä teoksista.
Mutta sentään toivoi hän parasta. Hän uskoi voivansa saada asiat
mielensä mukaan järjestetyiksi.
IV.
Hän säpsähti. Ensi kertaa eläissään oli hän nyt tyttösten kanssa
leikkisille ruvennut. Hän hämääntyi. Mutta nuo nauravat olennot
näyttivät hänestä niin vietteleviltä, ja varsinkin Anna.
— Mistäpä sen tietää kuka ensi vuoden esimies on, sanoi Kalle.
Hän katsoi saliin. Minne hän silmänsä loi, näki hän nuoruutta,
ilosta loistavia kasvoja. Tuolla etempänä istui tyttöjä, pitkä rivi. Heillä
näytti olevan jotain erikoisempaa. Annakin oli heidän joukossaan.
Mistä ihmeestä he aina nauramisen aihetta saivat? mietti Kalle. Eivät
he muuta osaa tehdäkään, aina vaan nauravat. Tuo alituinen nauru
kävi kyllästyttäväksi. Hän tunsi kuin olisi puukolla rintaan pistetty.
Hän kadehti noita nauravia ja samalla he suututtivat häntä.
— Ei, ei ole muita sellaisia. Mikset sinä voi olla niinkuin tähänkin
asti; eihän sinulla mitään estettä ole, jonka tähden et voisi olla, kuului
salista.
— Olkoon sitten niin tällä kertaa, sanoi Kalle ja sen jälkeen valittiin
seuralle muut virkailijat ja johtokunta.
Kun ääni hänen viulustaan vingahti, niin silloin tuli eloa saliin. Oli
kuin sähkövirta olisi johdettu lattiaa pitkin. Tyttösten jalat alkoivat
soiton mukaan elää, silmät paloivat ja povet kohoilivat, puoliavoimet
huulet päästivät lävitseen kuumia henkäyksiä.
Kalle istui salin seinän vierellä ja katseli tanssia. Hän ajatteli lähteä
pois, mutta ei vaan saanut päätetyksi: nyt lähden. — Aina hetken
perästä meni siitä Anna sivu. Hän ei näyttänyt mitään tietävän tästä
maailmasta. Vihloi niin kipeästi Kallen sisässä, kun Anna siitä sivu
meni, käsi toisen olalla ja tuon toisen käsi Annan vyötäröillä. Kalle
toivoi, ettei hän näkisi Annaa eikä tuota toista ollenkaan, mutta
kuitenkaan ei hän tahtonut päästää heitä pois näkyvistään aina hän
odotti, kun he tuolta toisen kautta tulivat näkösälle ja taasen katsoi
niin kauvan heidän jälkeensä, kun he taasen katosivat toiselle
suunnalle. — Hän kadehti heitä kaikkia ja melkein vihasi itseään, kun
ei ollut opetellut tanssimaan. Mutta kerkeäisihän vieläkin. Lempo
tuohon myllyyn lähteköön, en minä, mietti hän. Ei, en voi yrittääkään,
vaikka mitä tehtäisiin. — Taasen tuli Anna tuon toisen kainalossa.
Kallen sydäntä vihlasi niin kipeästi. Hän vihasi tyttöä. Tuollainen tyttö
menee kenen syliin kerkeää. Hän olisi mielellään tahtonut jotain
tehdä, jotain sellaista, mikä olisi kiduttanut tyttöä, kiduttanut hirveästi,
samalla tavalla kuin häntä itseään. Siinä hän istui ja kärsi. Eikä vaan
saanut päätetyksi lähteä pois.