(eBook PDF) AutoCAD and Its

Applications Comprehensive 2019

Twenty-sixth Edition
Go to download the full and correct content document:
https://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-autocad-and-its-applications-comprehens
ive-2019-twenty-sixth-edition/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

(eBook PDF) AutoCAD and Its Applications Comprehensive

2018 Twenty fifth Edition

http://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-autocad-and-its-
applications-comprehensive-2018-twenty-fifth-edition/

(eBook PDF) Tutorial Guide to AutoCAD 2019 by Shawna

Lockhart

http://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-tutorial-guide-to-
autocad-2019-by-shawna-lockhart/

Up and Running with AutoCAD 2019: 2D Drafting and

Design 1st Edition - eBook PDF

https://ebooksecure.com/download/up-and-running-with-
autocad-2019-2d-drafting-and-design-ebook-pdf/

(eBook PDF) Calculus and Its Applications 11th Edition

http://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-calculus-and-its-
applications-11th-edition/
Logarithm And Its Applications 1st Edition - eBook PDF

https://ebooksecure.com/download/logarithm-and-its-applications-
ebook-pdf/

(eBook PDF) AutoCAD 2018 and AutoCAD LT 2018 Essentials

http://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-autocad-2018-and-
autocad-lt-2018-essentials/

(eBook PDF) CCH Federal Taxation 2019: Comprehensive

Topics Comprehensive Edition

http://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-cch-federal-
taxation-2019-comprehensive-topics-comprehensive-edition/

Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications 8th Edition

(eBook PDF)

http://ebooksecure.com/product/discrete-mathematics-and-its-
applications-8th-edition-ebook-pdf/

(eBook PDF) Linear Algebra and Its Applications 4th

Edition

http://ebooksecure.com/product/ebook-pdf-linear-algebra-and-its-
applications-4th-edition/
 • •

26th Edition
 5e1ec1ed
co\Of

f igure
t)se the
si!~toctassign
coior

d.,a\O"" bOXa \ayer.

aco\01 to

Notes explain important

t,!ev"'
aspects of a topic.
-----+-- se\ected
co\or

'"ed
the spectu .
. " the co\or to displayed ,n
to ass1.,n .b. ects are
. 1< the ol( outto~y default, all o 1
~ r pic co\or. "
u se\ect a co o,.: indicates the
After yo I or S'-'"atcu
1 yer co syLayer.
layer. ihe ~ layer color, or tiroes the
the selecte N01£ teri.sticS and soroe
'-arac
display c"
. atfect color
d inorutor
. s card an
'{our graphic ·1a'ole co\ors-
'-er of a\!al
Cautions alert you to
nurov
potential problems.
- - -,a:"6
,,, ••
~o~ -
-- 0
0

Running Glossary
Entries define key terms.

co The Autoco,n 1
tnrnands. Wh p ete featur .
entries a en Yot1 ty · e ts active b
learn m Ppears at the c 'Pe a comma 'Y defau/t to h
this ore about A o,n111and lin nc( name, a s elp l0cate a
chapter. tltoCornplete e or next ro th duggestion list cl~cl access Aut r •
A benefi and Oth e )'lla · . isplay · 0 '--"tD
do not n t of access. er AutoCAo . Ill.1c 'll.put ont ing selectabJ
coin,.,.. eec( to rne,-,.. 1ng
. a com ma d input search-,Eury area. ", ou. ,., ·11e
. «•ands . 4 <0rize n tis· ncr- ..t
Vzsua/ ico... ~ Options, and dcommand na. ing a method oth ions later in
"" 1, ·.., too/t·
-~,t the dis' tps, and raw·ing activit· mes or aliases er than ty in .
n1ques Work {:lay and locatiprompts. As yo~es appear on~ Another ad~aJ zs that you
most effectiv est for You. A on of command Use AutoCA~creen as You age is that
e. coinbtnation of s. Decide Which you Will becoWork, t1sing
cominanc1 selecticom.mane( se1::. familiar
Professional Tips increase on tnethoc1s l ton tech-
o ten Proves
your productivity in using
AutoCAD commands and
techniques.
·~ =---=
Even tho11gh
aliases You may n t
may 1,;j'ou must stiU o choose to ace
NOTE
- - -.:..e_::to:'.2tYP!:_e~th~~ty~p~e~ce:~rtta ascomm
e diameter fin values,ess e 1 ~nds by typ. ..
rac(,Us of a apter 3. R names O
narc. or exam 1 r
Reference Pe, you
Co111111a11d • Afateriaf
For a i- Aliases
R ist of corn
esource lllon co ww
s tab, ands 1 Inmand alias w.9-wrearn;
e ect Comm es, go to th ng.collJICAov
and AJ· ec0 .....
"'Panion .
Reference Material DYna ·
lll1c Input
"'iases.
Website
, seJect tlie
References direct you to I Ah Dynamic in
••I1en dyna . Put allows
below and lll.ic ill.put is you to kee
charts, tables, and other De e to the right of on, a temporap Y_our focUs at
k b
appear nding on the the ctosshairs 'll.put area a the crosshairs w .
start;n the d•n-.a,.,... . command in
.,,g the R J .. .,,,c ,n
. Pty defau/t· See'PPears in th e d ral'VUl
hi.le you ,.,_
useful references available ~~'/:.~""'•"
us"<I '°"
1vaiues
Pro111.pt h. Ec;A/1/Gt.E 'Put area. For ogress, cliff, tg11re 1-18.
the..,_ 'w tch read S command 'l'L exatn.ple p· erent info,-,....
F· Yial-1(
g Windo
w,
. •01oc.,. =awing w· s Pecify fir . 'Ile first , igure 1·19A •.,,ation an
on the companion website. ~,:;_• in <he o,a:;og or access Oth
p
tndow or e t st corner Po.
er opti n er coo d.
portion of •L
mt or In t}ij
shol-l's the d. d Options
.., ,e dyna . isplay f
S ress the d ons as sug r '"ates t · s case t d lll.ic input a ter
elect an o t· own arrow k gestec( by the ,,o specify the '. o raw a recta area is the
the_ optionf ~n Using the ciy toclispJay availor; portion of ~rst corner of th:gle, Pick in
iPhon by right~eslis [Enter] to ~~r, or press the~ le co1r1111and oe p_rompt. rectangle,
on d.ispJa . c Cking a . e ect the h. . own arr Ptions. Se .
clependin yec( tn the cl Ile( Ptcking an tghltghtec( o ~ key again t e Figure 1-198
When th g on the act· Ynamic in.put option from tJi!hon. You
e l.l/1/f: comm:~~s- You _choosea7: changes Whil shortcut m::: a!:o se/ect
ts active.
t
o cycle thro1 h.

gu.re 1-20 h e You Work . . , , ,e lnfor

s 01,\rs th With a c ma-
20 e dynamic . ommanct,
AutoCAo !nput display
a nd Its A .
PPl<cations
- 8asics

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. v

 Express Tools References
t101£
\ -p\ot and
. s other genera d -publish direct you to information
. \o bOJt conta1n :l<. 1vtost -plot an
f the Op
t\on s d1a ? '"''s textbOO .
i):)ed 1n hu
on the companion website
d puol\sh t~~ o to those descr
1ne .
plot a n . dd1t1on
tti.ngs 1n a .
-pub\lSh se d fl\ require a l
ausunen .
t about AutoCAD express
setti.ngs se\ o
tools.

Template Development
References direct you to
Template Development
material on the companion
website.

Chapter Reviews reinforce

the knowledge gained by
reading the chapter and
completing the exercises.

PROFESSIONAL TIP
Exercise References As a ne"'' AutoCAD user, you may find the grid an d grid snap to be effective drawing
aids. Set grid and snap spacing and tum on the grid and snap 1nodes in your drawing
direct you to step-by-step templates so that they function properly each time you reference a template to create
a new drawing.
tutorial exercises on the
companion website. To Exercise 3-6 www.g·wlearning.com/CAD/
Complete the exercise on the companion website.
complete an exercise, go
to the companion website Supplemental Material www.g·wlearning.com/CAD/
Introduction to Isometric Drawings
(www.g-wlearning.com/CAD/), For an introduction to pictorial drawings and inforn1ation about isometric snap, go
to the con1panion website, navigate to th.is chapter in the Contents tab, and select
navigate to the Introduction to Isometric Drawings.

corresponding chapter Polar Tracking

in the Contents tab, and pol tracking:A
dr ing aid that
sesthedrawing
Polar tracking causes the dra,-vin g crosshairs to "snap" to predefined angle
increments. Chapter 7 fully explains polar track ing, but because polar tracking is on
select the exercise. 0
;:~~~!~;~;; by default, you shou ld h ave a basic understanding of the tool. Turn polar tracking
increments. on or off by picking the Polar Tracking button on th e status bar or by pressing [F10].
direct dista?c• You can use pola r tracking to draw lines at accurate lengths and angles using direct
entry: Entenng • . •
pointsbypositi<>ning d1sta11ce entry. As you move the crossha1rs toward a polar tracking angle, AutoCAD
::;.~;~~~;~';,., displays an alignment path and tooltip. The default polar angle increments are 0°,
and typing. number 90°, 180°, and 270°.
Supplemental Material t<>specifydistance. To apply direct distance entry using polar tracking, access the LINE co1nmand
and specify a start point. Then move the crosshairs in alignment "''ith a polar tracking
References direct you to angle. Type the length of the line and press [Enter]. See Figure 3-16.

additional material on the Figure 3 -16.

Using polar tracking and direct distance entry to draw connected and perpendicular lines
companion website that at specific lengths. The default tracking ang.les are 0° and 90°. This example shows dynamic
input active, but the same technique applies ,vhen you use the command line.
is relevant to the current Tracking_
(alignment) path-.._
..
-
chapter.
Specify
lengtl1
- Tracking
/ angle

, Second
Specify lenglh Trackin angle line

\ Tr.,cking
(alignment) path I
~ -=:s•.-- I
~
\
Start point \ Start pomt of
of first line second line
First line

74 AutoCAD and Its Applications -Basics Copyright Goodhea,t·WiOcox Co., 1nc.

•
VI AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc.
 'Y Intermediate
15. Draw and dimension the thumb scre,v shown. Save the dra,ving as
P18-15. Print an 8.5" x 11" copy of the drawing extents using a 1:1 scale and land-
scape orientation.

PITCH 64 DIAMOND KNURL R.032

2X .032 X 45° 10-32 UNF-2A

I
0.437

I 'Y Advanced
23. Draw and dimension the part views shown. Do not draw the table.
Save the drawing as P1 8-23.
;:;
':I
0
8 ~
~

I; ~
~ 0

~
0
a
0
!? ~
~
0

! i !'>li!
•
.21
~ M ~
" ~

"
....
&.000-

,...
&.125

A A +
F
G --- G
E A
0.000

For Problems 16 through 18, drnw a11d di11

pnrt completely. Save lite drawit1gs as P18 - ~.:,, - -++- - - - - - - -+-+-+
0

16. l\lfechanical
1.2,0--1-!-- , C O

·"''=1;!;1.'.: :======-!~+z.__J_ _- __j

·--r,
-~ A

-------1----------i----,::::7<--.ooo
!
G G

Drawing Problems Ii
0
- .1118 G 0.l4 !
F SEEVEW A

require application of +
t
•!IOO .315
E
0
c
0 .81 3
01.625
o .....
• 0 .SOO

chapter concepts and 2X R

A SEEVif.WB
MOt.E LEGEND

VIEWA VI EWB
problem-solving techniques. SCALE:2:1 SCAl.£; 2:1

Problems are grouped ____,.,..____

24. Mechanica Draw and dimension the part views shown. Save the drawing as P18-24.
, _,

in order of difficulty and Ti

..
.,
- .010
4)( • .H O tMRU 1 -- -2.72!- - -I-- • -
- 1.500-
. , .100

....
M
are classified as Basic, ,.L. ooo
• •
I I
Intermediate, or Advanced.
.l.....---HJ:•l-
------- -----h:=~-'IT
• •

Copynght Goodheart-Willcox Co. Inc_

_j l-.200 .250
J)( • .200 THRU

......

,---~7"'- -1
1 -- -:,.000- -- I
TIU~: Br.icki?t
Material: SAE 1040

AutoCAD Certified CoP)TIQhl Goodhe.art-WdlCO:l Co. lftC. Otaptt r 18 Dimensioning Features and Alt~mate Practi~ s 553

Professional Exam
Practice questions help
prepare you for the
AutoCAD professional
level certification exam. AutoCAD Certified Professional Exam Practice
Answer /1,e following quesHons using /1,e i11Jor111aH011 in //,is chapter.
1. Which of the following terms describes the dimension 18.75:1:.25? Select all tllat apply.
A. deviat ion tolerance
B. equal bilateral tolerance
C. limit d imensioning
D. plus-minus dimensioning
E. symmetrical tolerance
F. unequal bilateral tolerance
2. Which AutoCAD tolerancing method can you use to create an unequal bilateral
tolerance? Seled the one item tltal best answers the q11esH011.
A. Basic
B. Deviation

Discipline labels identify C. Llmlls

D. None
E. Symmetrical
problems from different 3. What is the specified dimension in the tolerance shown here? Se/eel /he ot1e ilem
lhnl bes/ 1111swers lite question.
drafting disciplines. A. 10.17
B. IO.SO
c. 10.60 10.60~:?6
D. 10.62
E. 10.67 I
Follow tile i11str11clio11s i11 each problem. um,pleleencJ, problem by answering lire relaled q11esH011.
4. Navigate to th is clia_pter on the companion website and open CPE·19limlls.dwg.
Discipline Labels Create a new dimension style named limits and select the llmits tolerancing
method. Set the primary units to use two-place precision and set the upper and
lower tolerance values to .25. Use the limits dimension style to create the two
d imensions shown. What are the limits of Dimensions A and B?

Mechanical Civil ----- A -----1

1
rchitectural Gra hie Desi n l B

Electronics
-
-
.________.J
5. Navigate to this chapter on the companion website and open CPE-19unllateral.dwg.
Create a new dimension style named Unilateral and select the appropriate toler-
General ancing method to create a unilateral tolerance. Set the primary units to use
three-place precision. Set an upper limit of Oand a lower limit of -.021. Make the
necessary setting to suppres.~ lead ing zeros. Use the Unilateral dimension style to
create the two dimensions sho,-vn. What are the limits of Dimensions C and D?
- c

---+-+-+-
D

580 AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics u,pynghl Ooodhe&rt·W tc:O>t Co_ inc

••
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Vil
 •
n1
•
I www.g-wlearning.com/CAD/

The companion website provides additional resources to help you get the most
from the AutoCAD and Its Applications textbook. The content on the companion
website is organized into tabs. Chapter-specific content is available in the Contents tab.
The following describes the components available in each tab.
Contents Tab
• Exercises. More than 280 step-by-step tutorial exercises are provided for
hands-on reinforcement of chapter topics.
• Drawing Files. Use the drawing files as directed in the chapter exercises and
drawing problems.
• Supplemental Material. Organized by chapter, the Supplemental Material
documents provide additional information about topics discussed in the
textbook.
• Template Development Documents. The Template Development documents
provide guidelines for creating your own drawing templates in compliance
with ASME and other related drafting standards.
• Express Tools Documents. The Express Tools documents provide
explanations of AutoCAD express tools.
Resources Tab
• Drawing Templates. Use
the predefined drawing
templates to base your
drawings on industry- Contents Rl!$0UTCI!$ Support

related drawing standards W Conte nts a nd Activities

and conventions. ~ lM Ubl~ ol tOlll~ !JI 1«e:. Ol41jl(H"'t!tlt~ e ..etdse,, Sll!IPlemtllUI material, tl!fflC!Qte de\>ftopment
rtiOUrce, ,c1111 dr.t.,,nv lin •• also a...ihblt below. R"trence mater!~,••• alM> a•,aUabl, or, tt • Resource., tab.

• Reference Material. You Ora ..-,no filu "'.a,~

f~ downlo,ding are pro'lid.-l in Au.toCAO dtawjno (OWG) f ~ t . The AutoCAO sotbv~re Is
- i ~ to oc,en l."'1 dtllwil'O t es. The ~CA() sdt.,.are h nCK lnduded and must lie Clbt&ined ~rately.

will find the Reference View All

J lnltodl)((Jon 10 AulOCAO
Material documents, tables,
and charts useful both in "' Exerdse l·l
Exercise 1· 2
the classroom and in the - uf:rdM 1·3
~t!fdse 1 ·4
workplace. i,;) Ex•cfw 1·$
:.I ExerdM 1· 6
Support Tab '" Ex1<che 1·7
&BdA l ·I

• Support topics address ~

Exmh1 1•9
0:erow 1- 10
working with PDF files +- (,e D l 11

and downloading ZIP files

supplied on the companion SUpptement:11 t Nateffal
"' l put SNttn Op4fons

website.

4 • B.,$lc: ot,Jec:t Coml1\<1nds

viii AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc.

 D111line Instructor Resaur.ees
The Online Instructor Resources provide support materials designed to help
instructors effectively plan and teach AutoCAD courses. Support materials are avail-
able in one accessible location and include tips for the instructor, answer keys, drawing
problem solution files, course syllabi, final exams, and practice certification exam ques-
tions. Also included is the ExamView®Assessment Suite, which provides hundreds of
questions corresponding to each chapter in the text. The Online Instructor Resources
are available as a subscription and can be accessed at school or at home.

Pants Used in This Texlbaak

Different typefaces are used throughout this textbook to define terms and identify
AutoCAD commands. The following typeface conventions are used in this textbook:

AutoCAD commands LINE command

AutoCAD menu and ribbon selections
AutoCAD system variables
AutoCAD toolbars and buttons
AutoCAD dialog boxes
Keyboard entry (in text)
Keyboard keys
File names, folders, and paths
Draw > Arc > 3 Points
LTSCALE system variable
Quick Access toolbar, Undo button
Insert Table dialog box
Type LINE
[Ctrl]+[1] key combination
C:\Projects\Blocks\Desk.dwg

Microsoft Windows features Start menu, Start screen, Prag rams folder
Prompt sequence Command:

Keyboard input at prompt sequence Command: Lor LINE.J

Comment at a prompt sequence Specify first point: (pick a point or press [Enter])

Other Text References

For additional information, standards from organizations such as ANSI (American
National Standards Institute) and ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)
are referenced throughout the textbook. Use these standards to create drawings that
follow industry, national, and international practices.

Trademarks
Autodesk, the Autodesk logo, DWG, the DWG logo, and AutoCAD are registered
trademarks or trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., and/ or its subsidiaries and/or affiliates in
the USA and other countries.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7 are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

•
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. IX
 About the Authors
Terence M. Shumaker is Faculty Emeritus, the former Chairperson of the Drafting
Technology Department, and former Director of the Autodesk Premier Training
Center at Clackamas Community College in Oregon City, Oregon. Terence taught at
the community college level for over 28 years. He worked as a training consultant
for Autodesk, Inc., and conducted CAD program development workshops around
the country. He has professional experience in surveying, civil drafting, industrial
piping, and technical illustration. He is the author of Goodheart-Willcox's Process
Pipe Drafting and coauthor of the AutoCAD and Its Applications series.
David A. Madsen is the president of Madsen Designs Inc. (www.madsendesigns.com).
David is Faculty Emeritus and the former Chairperson of Drafting Technology and
the Autodesk Premier Training Center at Clackamas Community College in Oregon
City, Oregon. David was an instructor and department Chairperson at Clackamas
Community College for nearly 30 years. In addition to community college experience,
David was a Drafting Technology instructor at Centennial High School in Gresham,
Oregon. David is a former member of the American Design Drafting Association
(ADDA) Board of Directors, and was honored by the ADDA with Director Emeritus
status at the annual conference in 2005. David has extensive experience in mechanical
drafting, architectural design and drafting, and building construction. David holds a
Master of Education degree in Vocational Administration and a Bachelor of Science
degree in Industrial Education. David is the author of Geometric Dimensioning and
Tolerancing and coauthor of Architectural Drafting Using Auto CAD, the Auto CAD
and Its Applications series, and other textbooks in the areas of architectural drafting,
mechanical drafting, engineering drafting, civil drafting, architectural print reading,
and mechanical print reading.
David P. Madsen is the president of Engineering Drafting & Design, Inc., and the vice
president of Madsen Designs Inc. (www.madsendesigns.com). Dave provides drafting
and design consultation and training for all disciplines. Dave has been a professional
design drafter since 1996, and has extensive experience in a variety of drafting, design,
and engineering disciplines. Dave has provided drafting and computer-aided design
and drafting instruction to secondary and postsecondary learners since 1999, and has
considerable curriculum, program coordination, and development experience. Dave
holds a Master of Science degree in Educational Policy, Foundations, and Administrative
Studies with a specialization in Postsecondary, Adult, and Continuing Education;
a Bachelor of Science degree in Technology Education; and an Associate of Science
degree in General Studies and Drafting Technology. Dave is the author of Inventor and
Its Applications and coauthor of Architectural Drafting Using Auto CAD, AutoCAD
and Its Applications Basics, AutoCAD and Its Applications Comprehensive,
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, and other textbooks in the areas of archi-
tectural drafting, mechanical drafting, engineering drafting, civil drafting, architec-
tural print reading, and mechanical print reading.

1111118 Technical Publicalian

The content of this text is considered a fundamental component to the design
drafting profession by the American Design Drafting Association. This publication
covers topics and related material relevant to the delivery of the design drafting
process. Although this publication is not conclusive, it should be considered a key
reference tool in furthering the knowledge, abilities, and skills of a properly trained
designer or drafter in the pursuit of a professional career.

x AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

1 Introduction to AutoCAD .......................................1
2 Drawings and Templates ..................................... 33
3 Introduction to Drawing and Editing ...........................61
4 Basic Object Commands .......................................95
5 Line Standards and Layers ....................................127
6 View Tools and Basic Plotting .................................163
7 Object Snap and AutoTrack ...................................193
8 Construction Tools and Multiview Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
9 Text Styles and Multiline Text .................................249
10 Single-Line Text and Additional Text Tools .................... 285
11 Modifying Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
12 Arranging and Patterning Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
13 Grips, Properties, and Additional Selection Techniques . . . . . . . . . 365
14 Polyline and Spline Editing Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
15 Obtaining Drawing Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
16 Dimension Standards and Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
17 Linear and Angular Dimensioning ............................487
18 Dimensioning Features and Alternate Practices .................511
19 Dimensioning with Tolerances ................................559
20 Editing Dimensions ..........................................581
21 Tables ...................................................... 615
22 Parametric Drafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649
23 Section Views and Graphic Patterns ...........................691
24 Standard Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
25 Block Attributes ............................................. 761
26 Introduction to Dynamic Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783
27 Additional Dynamic Block Tools ..............................819
28 Layout Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845
29 Plotting Layouts .............................................875
30 Annotative Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 909
31 External References ..........................................941
32 Introduction to Sheet Sets ....................................969
33 Additional Sheet Set Tools ....................................989

•
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. XI
 Chapter 1
Introduction to AutoCAD . ............................. . 1
AutoCAD Applications .............................................. 1
Before You Begin ...................................................3
Starting AutoCAD .................... . ................... . .........5
Exiting AutoCAD ..................................................6
The AutoCAD Interface .............................................6
Accessing Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Getting Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Chapter 2
Drawings and Templates .............................. 33
Starting a New Drawing ... . .............................. . ........ 33
Saving Your Work .................................................36
Closing Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Opening a Saved File .............................................. 40
Managing Multiple Documents ..................................... 45
Drawing Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Basic Drawing Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Introduction to Templates .......................... . ...............56

Chapter 3
Introduction to Drawing and Editing ................... 61
Responding to Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Introduction to Drawing ........................................... 63
Introduction to Drawing Aids ....................................... 70
Introduction to Editing ............................................. 77
Object Selection .... . ................... . .......................... 79

Chapter4
Basic Object Commands ............................... 95
Drawing Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Drawing Arcs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Drawing Ellipses ................................................. 102
Drawing Polylines ................................................ 105
Drawing Regular Polygons .............. . ................... . ..... 108
Drawing Rectangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Drawing Donuts and Filled Circles ................................. 112
Drawing True Splines ............................................. 112

xii AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Chapter 5
Line Standards and Layers ............................ 127
Line Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
Introduction to Layers .................................... . ....... 131
Layers Used in Drafting Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Creating and Using Layers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Reusing Drawing Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Chapter 6
View Tools and Basic Plotting ......................... 163
View Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Using Commands Transparently ................ . .................. 175
Controlling Draw Order ........................................... 175
Named Views .................................................... 176
Model Viewports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
Introduction to Printing and Plotting ........... . ................... . 184

Chapter 7
Object Snap and AutoTrack ........................... 193
Object Snap . .............. . ................... . .......... . ....... 193
AutoTrack ....................................................... 206

Chapter 8
Construction Tools and Multiview Drawings ........... 221
Parallel Offsets ................... . .......... . ................... .221
Drawing Points .................................................. 223
Construction Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226
Multiview Drawings ....... . ................... . .................. 228
Multiview Drawing Construction ................................... 232

Chapter 9
Text Styles and Multiline Text ......................... 249
Text Standards and Composition .............. . ................... .249
Drawing Scale and Text Height ..................................... 252
Text Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
Multiline Text ............. . ................... . .................. 259

Chapter 10
Single-Line Text and Additional Text Tools ............. 285
Single-Line Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285
Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289
Checking Spelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
Revising Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294

•••
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. XIII
 Chapter 11
Modifying Objects . .................................. 305
Using the FILLET Command .......................................305
Using the CHAMFER Command ......... . ................... . ..... 308
Using the BLEND Command ...................................... 310
Using the BREAK Command ...................................... 310
Using the JOIN Command ......................................... 312
Trimming ........................... . ................... . ....... 313
Extending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Stretching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Using the LENGTHEN Command ........ . ......................... 319
Using the SCALE Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Exploding Objects ................................................ 322

Chapter 12
Arranging and Patterning Objects ..................... 333
Moving Objects ..................................................333
Rotating Objects.................................................. 335
Aligning Objects ....................... . ................... . ..... 337
Copying Objects .................................................338
Mirroring Objects ................................................ 339
Reversing an Object's Point Calculation ..............................340
Arraying Objects .......... . .............................. . ....... 341

Chapter 13
Grips, Properties, and Additional Selection Techniques .. 365
Grips ............. . ................... . ......................... 365
Editing Associative Arrays ......................................... 373
Object Properties ................................................. 380
Matching Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .387
Editing between Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .387
Add Selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .388
Select Similar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .389
Quick Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .390

Chapter 14
Polyline and Spline Editing Tools . ..................... 401
Using the PEDIT Command ....................................... 401
Polyline Grip Commands ... . .......... . ................... . ....... 407
Creating a Polyline Boundary ......................................409
Using the SPLINEDIT Command ................................... 410
Spline Grip Commands ................. . ......................... 414

xiv AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Chapter 15
Obtaining Drawing Information ..................... . 427
Taking Measurements............................................. 427
Listing Drawing Data ...... . .............................. . ....... 434
Reviewing the Drawing Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435
Checking the Time ............................................... 435
Using QuickCalc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436
Comparing Drawings ............. . .............................. .443

Chapter 16
Dimension Standards and Styles ...................... 455
Dimension Standards and Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455
Drawing Scale and Dimensions .................................... 460
Dimension Styles ................................................. 463

Chapter 17
Linear and Angular Dimensioning .................... 487
Introduction to Placing Dimensions ................................. 487
Linear Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .488
Dimensioning Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .494
Baseline, Chain, and Direct Dimensioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .497
Adjusting Overlapping Dimensions ................................. 501
Dimension Layer Override. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502
Using QDIM to Dimension ........ . .............................. .503

Chapter 18
Dimensioning Features and Alternate Practices ......... 511
Dimensioning Circles, Arcs, and Other Curves .... . .................. 511
Adding Center Dashes and Centerlines .............................. 517
Drawing Leader Lines ............................................ 519
Multileader Styles ................................................ 519
Inserting Multileaders ....................... . ................... .530
Alternate Dimensioning Practices ...................................534
Creating Ordinate Dimension Objects ............................... 536
Marking Up Drawings ..... . ................... . .......... . ....... 539

Chapter 19
Dimensioning with Tolerances ........................ 559
Tolerancing Fundamentals ......................................... 559
Dimensioning Units .............. . .............................. . 561
Setting Primary Units ............................................. 562
Setting Tolerance Methods ......................................... 564
Specifying Tolerance Settings ................... . .................. 568
Introduction to GD&T............................................. 570

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. xv

 Chapter 20
Editing Dimensions . ................................. 581
Associative Dimensioning ......................................... 581
Dimension Editing Tools ................ . .........................583
Overriding Dimension Style ....................................... 591
Spacing and Aligning Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .593
Using the DIMBREAK Command .................................. 596
Creating Inspection Dimensions ................. . .......... . ....... 597
Center Mark and Centerline Editing Tools ........................... 599
Multileader Editing Tools .......................................... 601

Chapter 21
Tables .............................................. 615
Table Styles ...................................................... 615
Inserting Tables .................................................. 623
Editing Tables ............. . .......... . ................... . ....... 628
Calculating Values in Tables .......................................638

Chapter 22
Parametric Drafting . ................................. 649
Parametric Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .649
Geometric Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .657
Dimensional Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .668
Parametric Editing ................... . ................... . ....... 678

Chapter 23
Section Views and Graphic Patterns ................... 691
Section Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691
Using the HATCH Command ...................................... 696
Hatching Using DesignCenter ...................................... 709
Hatching Using Tool Palettes ....................................... 710
Editing Hatch Patterns ................ . ................... . ....... 711

Chapter 24
Standard Blocks ..................................... 729
Constructing Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Inserting Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .733
Editing Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740
Creating Blocks as Drawing Files ................................... 745
Symbol Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747
Purging Named Objects ........................................... 749

xvi AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Chapter 25
Block Attributes ..................................... 761
Defining Attributes ............................................... 761
Creating Blocks with Attributes ................. . .................. 764
Inserting Blocks with Attributes .................................... 766
Editing Attribute References ....................................... 767
Editing Attribute Definitions ....................................... 770
Automating Drafting Documentation .............................. .772
Using Fields to Reference Attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .777

Chapter 26
Introduction to Dynamic Blocks ....................... 783
Dynamic Block Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .783
Point Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 786
Testing and Adjusting Dynamic Properties .......................... 789
Linear Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 791
Polar Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796
Rotation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .799
Alignment Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801
Flip Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803
XY Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .804
Base Point Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .806
Parameter Value Sets .............. . .............................. .806
Chain Actions ...................................................808

Chapter 27
Additional Dynamic Block Tools ...................... 819
Visibility Parameters .............................................. 819
Lookup Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .823
Parameter Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .828
Constraining Block Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .828
Block Properties Tables ............................................ 834

Chapter 28
Layout Setup ........................................ 845
Introduction to Layouts ........................................... 845
Working with Layouts ............................................ 846
Initial Layout Setup ............................................... 852
Page Setups .. . .............................. . ................... .852

Chapter 29
Plotting Layouts ..................................... 875
Layout Content ............ . ...................................... 875
Floating Viewports ............................................... 878
Plotting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .899

••
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. XVII
 Chapter 30
Annotative Objects .................................. 909
Introduction to Annotative Objects ................................. 909
Defining Annotative Objects ............. . ................... . ..... 910
Drawing Annotative Objects ....................................... 914
Displaying Annotative Objects in Layouts ........................... 917
Changing Drawing Scale .......................................... 919
Preparing Multiview Drawings ......... . ................... . ....... 926

Chapter 31
External References .................................. 941
Introduction to Xrefs . .............................. . .............. 941
Preparing Xref and Host Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .945
Placing Xref Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .945
Working with Xref Objects ......................................... 949
Managing Xrefs ........... . .............................. . ....... 952
Binding an Xref . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .960
Editing Xref Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 961

Chapter 32
Introduction to Sheet Sets ............................ 969
Sheet Set Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .969
Creating Sheet Sets ............................................... 973
Managing Sheet Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .980
Subsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981
Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .982

Chapter 33
Additional Sheet Set Tools ............................ 989
Sheet Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .989
Model Views. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .997
Sheet List Tables ...................... . ................... . ...... 1000
Sheet Set Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1003
Publishing a Sheet Set ............................................ 1008
Archiving a Sheet Set ................... . ........................ 1010

Index .............................................. 1017

xviii AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

 Bampanion Website Conlenls
www.g-wlearning.com/CAD/

Contents Tab
• Exercises
• Drawing Files
• Supplemental Material
• Template Development Documents
• Express Tools Documents

Resources Tab
• Drawing Templates
• Reference Material

Support Tab
• Support and Information

•
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. XIX
 Students can download the AutoCAD software and other Autodesk software products for free
from the Autodesk Education Community website. A user account is required. The Autodesk
Education Community website provides many other resources, including discussion groups,
help videos, and career information.

l\AUTOOESK SIGN (N @ UNITED STAlES

EDUCATION F1ee software earn & l e J h Q)mpet t ons & e\•1.:nts Prepdre & excel Support Abou t Au todesk Educat on

EDUCATION COMMUNITY
We believe that learning is the key to your college and career
s..1ccess - that's why we're proud to support st udents, teachers,
and academic i nstitutions worldwide w ith free access to
Autodesk software and learni ng resources.
6
<
........."'
Q

Get set up for career success with Autodesk

Download free sof tware Learn, teach & connect Prepare & excel
, i IP ,_ t. h1 cito• nc flu , ' "" o:,t 1nst1tut1ons ~l 10dP,; <]! • l JOP'l 1 S "lllU• _t.ors, and j Jn .. ,our r r ~r b mastering the tools end
educat1onel 1nst11uuons free access to our des1gn \,·or~tlo vs profess1onals use, and demonstrate
l.l!c1rn. more softv. re, creauv,ty apps, and learning rPsou rc...s your skill \•11th Autod ...sk cen1ficat1on arid ...i<pert
fe<"O'lf'l"'OO
Learn more
Learn more

xx AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

 •
I

Learning Objectives
After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
./ Define computer-aided design and drafting.
./ Describe typical AutoCAD applications .
./ Explain the value of planning your work and system management.
./ Describe the purpose and importance of drawing standards.
./ Demonstrate how to start and exit AutoCAD.
./ Recognize the AutoCAD interface and access AutoCAD commands .
./ Use help resources.

Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) is the process of using a computer computer-aided
design and
with CADD software to design and produce drawings and models according to drafting (CADD):
The process of
specific industry and company standards. The terms computer-aided design (CAD) and using a computer
computer-aided drafting (CAD) refer to specific aspects of the CADD process. This chapter with GADD software
to design and
introduces the AutoCAD CADD system. You will begin working with AutoCAD and produce drawings
and models.
learn to control the AutoCAD environment.

llutoCAD Applications
AutoCAD commands and options allow you to draw objects of any size and command: An
instruction issued
shape. Use AutoCAD to prepare two-dimensional (2D) drawings, three-dimensional to the computer to
complete a specific
(3D) models, and animations. AutoCAD is a universal CADD software program that task. For example,
applies to any drafting, design, or engineering discipline. For example, use AutoCAD use the LINE
command to draw
to design and document mechanical parts and assemblies, architectural buildings, line objects.
civil and structural engineering projects, and electronics. option: A choice
associated with a
command or an
20 Drawings alternative function
of a command.
2D drawings display object length and width, width and height, or height and
length in a flat (2D) form. 2D drawings are the established design and drafting format
and are common in all engineering and architectural industries and related disciplines.

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 1

 A complete 2D drawing typically includes dimensions, notes, and symbols that
describe view features and information. This practice results in a document used
to manufacture or construct a product. 2D drawings are the conventional and often
required method of communicating a project. Figure 1-1 shows an example of a 2D
architectural floor plan created using AutoCAD. Use this textbook to learn how to
construct, design, dimension, and annotate 2D AutoCAD drawings.

3D Models
3D models allow for advanced visualization, simulation, and analysis typically
not possible with 2D drawings. AutoCAD provides commands and options for devel-
wireframe model:
The most basic 30
oping wireframe, surface, and solid models. An accurate solid model is an exact
model-contains digital representation of a product. Add color, lighting, and texture to display a real-
only information
about object edges istic view of the model. See Figure 1-2A. Use view tools to view the model from any
and the points angle. See Figure 1-2B. Apply animation to a model to show product design or func-
where edges
intersect, known as tion. For example, you can perform a walkthrough of a model home or a flythrough
vertices; describes
the appearance of
of a model civil engineering project. AutoCAD and Its Applications Advanced
the model as if it provides detailed instruction on 3D modeling and rendering.
were constructed
from wires.
surface model:
A 30 model that
contains information
Reference Material www.g-wlearning.com/CAD/
about object edges,
vertices, and the Glossary of CADD Terms
outer boundaries of For a detailed glossary of CADD and AutoCAD terms, go to the companion website,
the object, known
as surfaces; surface select the Resources tab, and select Glossary of CADD Terms.
models have zero
thickness, lack
mass, and may not
enclose a volume.
solid model: The
most complex 30
model-contains
information about
object edges,
Figure 1-1.
vertices, surfaces, AutoCAD provides commands and options to create accurate 20 drawings for building
and mass; solid design and construction, such as this architectural floor plan of a home.
models enclose a
volume.
walkthrough: A ,...,.
computer simulation •LU)Sflol USIC-NS
, ...'C.
that replicates •·r
walking through or
SIN;tt,~ &91-
around a 30 model. 4 5i0 S1rua11111 ~
Ill.II ~~. IL 604n-!Q.4:l

rtae.800:J:2:3.0W>
FM.. 8$8,40&.3000
flythrough: A
GENERAL NOTES
computer simulation POACH
16.0X 120
~. +\LL PEN~Al~ I P-I TOP ()A 80TT(lfA Pl.ATES F()A PLl,fA61NO ()A
Ei.tCTr4CA4 r.JNS TO l3E SfAi.ED. S(f fl.ECTR~ At- Pl.No$ FOA
that replicates flying 2.
@ 1tt::,.w.t.~Ec1r~,.1 ~.
PAOI/U)E MrWATEFlf)f!OOfl (lV'P.$0!.\~AOAAOIJNOALL f'UO:$.

~---~--1:. ~ ~ ~
SHO~.ANOSPAS.
through or around a
I
van ORVERN-DAl.l FA"'5 TOOUTSIOE ,'\IRTMR\.IVUll w~ Ekoe1,~IEng,o"
----~ J -1~ @
l. OM't"Eft
2520 Ei.x..ic Ai:.:ld
f'o•tr, l16C•77.f.l:N!)
30 model. fl l \
I II \
I 11II \\ 1
1
I
I I
I
I
I
! - - ---
'll 't/ -
;J/
0 '.7

-o- - , -;.,,
T I MASTER BEDROOM •
'
l !I
1r - - - - ,1
W~l~ ~
©I
SET I
-
"r•
1 - - - , , . .--i,.
srt,ooL

•'
... DOOR SCHEDULE
s.o·xo·.a·
6'· 0" X6'· 8'
see FFOW
"®El
ELEVATIOO
WOOD fAM.£. fEMPSlOOGL
OUAMllY

'
'
~ = ?i
-
I@
..:.;::.
I 11
\I
I\ II '"°"'"
GARAGE
I
"
"
(
I I : II
''" " " '
-.. ,
I_ BATH
ti ••• x"',. ,.,..
'
®
_ - - -"+~,\"
3

's
3'· 0"Xt· &·
.3'-o·xe.a·
SCSELF~NG
SC RP METAt. lllSl..V.TEO '
'
\ :: II \\ : 1,.1 .L LIVING bl, '- ~ '-"'/ ,t::l. . Irb- t
•
•
1~·.0-X 10'4' (W.!:AHF.AO OAAAOE
'
\
1 11 1 \
\!
I
\~
I '1
1a&x2'111
VAJJCT I
O \
"'-- ~;i,e¥rl@~
' ,____
fr".r1;., ~
•'
t ·&·Xt·8"
2'· G"X6'· 8"
2'· 0'X6'· fl'
HC
HC
HC
'
2

'
GOODHEART•
WLLCOX RESIJENCE

-->-,-:.~_-:::::::~_:-:.-
O{J /...

=--=-"' I '
t'. J :': LI.:;, : E ~~ Jf
, R ! ",,,r
" ,.• 5'· 0'X6'· 8'
~·-o·xo-e·
61f0LD
SI.IOl~Ml
' 1 ~ W'11"1 Cl'ffll:~
n,1ky P111'- IL$0471~~

-·
~
1/ 2', G'X6', 8' POCK<T '
• • " ··6,1 - - - - -J \ l " '
© ,,.... - _. -j ...d> ..Iii\' \ "
Y"
I - _.,..
"! / "(
,!-•of ot, 1
€ o
•
,.
1----;.---t,-
..•
~ OO(l(lll(oo)rt-'r'flkO>: ~I!),.
166(1.( Weit C!ffk 0""1J
nrl QyP-"', I L&:M77, W3

HOQOw,F•",
" ·
r.:- -r
1
"''" : : : ·
'- .1y).. / - · ·
"'i>
- _J
--o
/ 11.°" ..
'
!~ (• • '
· o 1
-,
-o #2 ..
,e BEDROOM
e
~

-=------,. ~
~
SYW )OL ... WINDOW SCHEDULE

&'· O"l(4'· 0·
"100 EL AOllOH Ol'ENl»Cl OUIWtllY

1r<t x "-Of'
KITCHEN
I .• l e,
A GtlollSSLOO
'
'4
(

~
9i'OXW5

I DINING'(
ll

+ • ""
1QO X 105
~ • ,·-o·x ,·-o· G4~SLOO 4·~ ·x"~
'
19~""~
"~==1t1
A I -!,~ c c-o·x,·-o· GGUSLOG ,·<i·x,<>j' 2

v. ~ 0 ~·-o·xz-o· G&MSLOO ,·<,·)( i--it

L_J_ _J__ _U~
·® f / O~ J -

.--.,-
VA.1..1..1' 9
i'SXM .L
,,t,.. PORCH
~ \ ,,....._

~
Cl.05E"T
~Ji' '
@ • / ~ ;,,_"'"' "
"V oI '-P" AREAS
Hf.Af'e.0 1381 SF
\ o' " CW>AGE &nSf
BEDROOM#3 FAONTPOACH •OSF
10,IIOX 14)7 AEAAPORCH
'""
@
•
.... .... .... · ~- 8'-o·
..... .....
18'-0"
""' .,,..
FLOOR PLAN

$Cl:l
FLOOR PLAN
SCALE: 1/4" = 1°· 0" A·101
~El ) OF IG

2 AutoCAD and Its Applications-Basics Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
After I had announced the vote, I saw that Sanderson and Baxter
were very busy among the men; and on the third ballot I was not a
little astonished to find that Phil Farringford had twelve of the sixteen
votes, and was therefore chosen. I positively declined to serve,
where-upon Baxter withdrew his name once more; but Sanderson did
the same. I distributed the votes a fourth time, and did a little
electioneering for my man, Sanderson. This time he had ten votes,
and was therefore elected. He began to decline, but Baxter and
several others assured him it was his duty to serve, and he finally
consented.
"Now, my lads," said the master, "neither the captain nor the mate
you have chosen is a navigator; and the second mate ought to be the
only one on board who can take an observation and lay down the
ship's position on the chart. Those who are in favor of Phil Farringford
for second mate will say, Ay."
"Ay!" shouted the whole crew.
"Those opposed say, No."
The crew were silent, and I was declared to be the choice of all
hands. I did not feel equal to the position, and began to decline; but I
was silenced, and with the best grace I could command, I accepted.
The watches were then rearranged, so as to make them as nearly
equal as possible, both in regard to numbers and seamanship.
 CHAPTER XXII.
IN WHICH PHIL LAYS DOWN THE LAW, AND IS
AFTERWARDS MUCH ALARMED.
"Now, my lads, we are in ship-shape and working order," said
Captain York, after all the arrangements had been completed. "We
have the bark; but what shall we do with her?"
"That's the question," replied Baxter. "I suppose we must lose our
time and go on shore as poor as we came on board. But I would
rather land in New York with only a shirt on my back than go a
slaving."
"I say so too; but it is rather a hard case," added the new mate. "We
have got our advance, and I suppose that's all we shall make out of
this cruise."
"Perhaps not," I interposed.
"No matter whether it is so or not; I am satisfied," said Sanderson. "I
wouldn't help take a cargo of niggers over to Cuba for all the money
there is in New York. Their howls would haunt me to my dying day."
"It's always the safest way to do one's duty, without regard to
consequences," I continued.
"I suppose it is," said the captain; "but it's a hard case for the men."
"Perhaps not; we will look at that matter by and by," I answered,
holding up one of the books I had brought on deck. "Where shall we
go? That's the first question."
"If we stand towards the coast, we may be able to find a man-of-war;
perhaps the steamer that chased us yesterday," added Captain York.
"I have no doubt she intends to cut off the bark somewhere on the
coast."
"What do you say, Phil?" asked Sanderson.
"I say, return to New York."
"Why so?"
"We can get out of the scrape sooner and better in that way than in
any other," I replied. "If we fall in with a man-of-war, the bark will be
her prize; she is ours now."
"But we have too many prisoners on board to make a run of three or
four weeks, perhaps five or six," suggested the captain.
"I think we can take care of the prisoners well enough. We have all
the arms, and we can do everything in our own way."
"But why not hand them over to a man-of-war, if we can find one?"
continued Captain York.
"Because the bark would be her prize then; now she is ours. I will
read you the law, if you like."
"What law?"
"The law relating to vessels fitted out for the slave trade."
"Read on, Phil."
All hands gathered around me, deeply interested in the subject, and I
read from "The Shipmaster's Assistant," in order that they might
know how they stood, as follows:—
"Citizens of the United States, voluntarily serving on board of a
foreign or American vessel engaged in the slave trade, were formerly
subject to a fine and imprisonment; but now they are regarded as
pirates, and suffer death."
"That's the idea!" exclaimed Baxter. "That's what's the matter; if we
had voluntarily gone down to the coast of Africa and taken in a cargo
of slaves—suffer death."
"And we must either resist or go voluntarily," added Sanderson.
"But some of us are not citizens of the United States," said Welsh.
"There are a great many other laws; and I don't think it makes any
difference what country you belong to, if you are caught in the
business. Some of you think it is a hard case to lose your wages. I
will read you from another law, which goes on to say, that no person
or persons shall build, fit, equip, load, or otherwise prepare a vessel
to be engaged in the slave trade. Now hear. 'And if any ship or
vessel shall be so built, fitted out, equipped, laden, or otherwise
prepared for the purpose aforesaid, every said ship or vessel, her
tackle, apparel, furniture, and lading shall be forfeited, one moiety to
the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person
or persons who shall sue for said forfeiture, and prosecute the same
to effect,' &c."
"What's the English of that, Phil?" asked Walker, scratching his head,
and then hitching up his trousers.
"It means that the vessel and all that she contains shall be forfeited,"
I replied.
"What's that maw—"
"Moiety? It means one half."
"Do you mean to say that half the value of the bark will go into our
pockets?"
"I am no lawyer, but that's what I think it means. In my opinion,
shipmates, you will make more money by taking the vessel back to
New York than you would by accepting the thousand dollars the
mate offered you for the cruise."
"That's good news, but it's only a fair thing," said Baxter.
"The men who fit out a slaver are liable to a fine of from one to five
thousand dollars besides, and half of that goes to the informers. We
shall be the informers in this case."
"I don't care anything about that," added Sanderson. "I don't like that
word. I believe in minding my own business; but it's a different thing
when men are carried off as we were, and called mutineers, when
we object to go slaving."
The men agreed with the new mate, and the reading of the law
transformed them all into a very cheerful crew. As the result of the
conference, the course of the bark was changed to the north-west,
and the joyful cry of homeward bound rang through the vessel. For
my own part, while I had strongly advised this plan, it caused me
much regret to abandon my mission in Europe for the present. We
had the north-east trades, and the wind was fresh and fair; but we
could not expect to reach New York in less than three weeks.
We were over four weeks from port, and by this time the Bayard,
with the Gracewoods on board, was on her way home. But I might
hope to meet them in New York or in St. Louis, and this was a
sufficient consolation. I should be obliged to ascertain in Chicago
where my mother was, and do all I had done over again. I should be
able to visit Europe during the summer, if my mother and her brother
did not decide to come home before that time.
At noon I took the observations, and carefully calculated the position
of the bark. I pricked the chart to indicate the place of the vessel,
which was about a hundred and ten miles south-west of the Cape
Verd Islands. I examined the nature of the currents, after I had made
out the course with the parallel ruler. Being a new hand, I went over
my figures and allowances three times before I gave out the course
to the helmsman; but when I had done so, I was satisfied it was
correct. I spent all my time, when off watch, in studying the
"Navigator," the chart, and the currents. I found that the hard work I
had done over algebra and geometry, on the Upper Missouri and in
Chicago, had prepared me for the duty I was now called upon to
perform. I needed more experience in practical seamanship; but I felt
competent, so far as the navigation was concerned, to sail a ship all
over the world.
"Mr. Waterford says he wants to see me," said Captain York to me in
the afternoon. "Would you see him?"
"I should; we ought to listen to what he has to say."
"Come with me, Mr. Farringford."
I followed him into the steerage. Waterford was the picture of
despair.
"York, are you in command?" groaned the sufferer.
"I am, for the want of a better master."
"Will you order one of your hands to shoot me?"
"No, I will not."
"I would rather die than be kept here. If you mean to murder me, do
it at once, and don't kill me by inches."
"What can we do for you?"
"I am in pain and misery. Shoot me!"
"What can we do with him, Mr. Farringford?" said the captain, turning
to me.
"Tell him to shoot me, Phil."
"No, I shall not. You are wanted in St. Louis to answer to the charge
of forgery; but I am in favor of doing what I can to make you more
comfortable."
"Loose me, then."
"I am afraid we might have to shoot you, then. Mr. Waterford, we are
going to take the bark back to New York, and we intend to land you
there. We have no desire to make you suffer, but we mean to keep
you safely."
"I will give you my word that I will be perfectly quiet, if you will give
me liberty to walk about the vessel."
"Give him an hour on deck, Captain York, if you please, with a hand
to watch him; I don't believe in running any risks."
"I am willing," replied the new master.
I untied Waterford's feet, and released him from the stanchion. As a
change of position for his arms, I tied his wrists in front of him, and
then led him on deck. He could hardly walk at first, but he soon
recovered the use of his limbs, and I led him up and down the deck
for an hour. He felt better then, and became sullen and silent. I
conducted him back to the steerage. Baxter and Sanderson then led
the two Spanish passengers up for their exercise, and Palmer and
myself put Waterford into one of their berths.
"Do you feel better, Waterford?" I asked.
"Yes; but you haven't seen the end of this thing yet," he growled, so
naturally that I was sure his condition was very much improved.
"I think I shall be more willing to see the end of it than you will," I
replied. "We wish to make you as comfortable as the circumstances
will admit."
He was disposed to talk with me, after the ebullition of ill-nature had
subsided; but I left him to assist in giving others of the prisoners the
air and exercise which they so much needed, and which it was
inhuman to deny them. The seamen among them begged for mercy,
and promised to serve their new masters faithfully if they were set at
liberty. We decided to let Pedro and Sylvio, the least vicious of them,
return to their duty, for we were rather short-handed, and were likely
to have heavy weather as we made more northing. We were obliged
to keep a sentinel in the steerage all the time, which made one less
for duty on deck.
We went along very well for a week, having the steady trade-wind
fair all the time. Then we had calms and blows by turns. One gale
lasted two days; and when the men were somewhat worn down,—for
we were obliged to keep all hands on deck,—we released the rest of
the seamen in the steerage on their promise to be obedient. The
situation of the prisoners was far from agreeable, while the vessel
pitched and rolled in the heavy sea, and the Spanish and
Portuguese sailors were glad to escape on any terms.
I kept a revolver in my belt all the time, and the other officers did the
same; but the pirates behaved well, and gave us no trouble. When
the gale subsided, we allowed the seamen to remain upon duty, they
did so well; but we soon had occasion to repent this indulgence. On
the eighth day of our homeward voyage I took the deck at eight bells,
in charge of the starboard watch, as usual.
At six bells, Baxter, who had just been released at the wheel, came
aft and told me that nearly every man in the watch was drunk. The
weather looked squally, and I was alarmed at this discovery. I went
below and called the captain. When he came on deck, he ordered
the light sails to be taken in, and I called all hands. To my
astonishment I found that more than half of the port watch were also
so drunk that they could hardly stand, and were not in condition to go
aloft. Things looked serious on board just then.
 CHAPTER XXIII.
IN WHICH PHIL COUNSELS PRUDENCE, AND
RESORTS TO STRATEGY.
As all hands were called, Captain York took the command, and
Sanderson went forward among the men. As my station was also in
the midst of the crew, I had an opportunity to see who were drunk and
who were sober. Martino and Gorro were the drunkest of the crowd,
and I had no doubt that it was through their agency that the liquor had
been obtained, though in what manner I was unable to see.
Sanderson soon proved that he was as good an officer as he was a
seaman.
"Lay aloft, Martino, and furl the main top-gallant sail," said he to the
leader of the drunken Spaniards.
"When the officers of the bark give me an order, I obey them," said
Martino, in substance.
"Do you hear, my hearty? Lay aloft and furl the main top-gallant sail!"
repeated the mate, sharply.
"I don't obey you any longer. Mr. Waterford is coming on deck soon."
"You don't obey me?"
"No, I don't."
"Then you will take the consequences," continued Sanderson, as with
his iron fist he dealt the Spaniard a blow upon the side of the head
which felled him to the deck, where he lay senseless.
 Sanderson and Phil quell a Mutiny.

"What are you about?" shouted Gorro, also maddened by rum, as he

rushed to the assistance of his leader.
"Stop!" I called, stepping between him and the mate.
The pirate had a belaying-pin in his hand, with which he struck at me;
but he was too much intoxicated to act efficiently, and I easily warded
off the blow. Wrenching the pin from his hand, I struck him down with
it.
"There is a mutiny here," said Sanderson.
"That's plain enough. We must act promptly."
"I think we have done so; two of the pirates are floored. Where's
Baxter?"
"Here I am," replied the stout seaman, as he appeared with several
handcuffs, which we had brought up for use in case of need; and
there was a plentiful supply of the articles below, which the slavers
had provided for the emergencies of their calling. "What's the row?"
"Mutiny," replied Sanderson. "We have floored Martino and Gorro;
and I suppose there are others who need a rap on the side of the
head."
"Where are they? Slip the handcuffs on their wrists."
We adopted this prudent suggestion, and pinioned the wrists of the
two senseless ruffians behind them, rolling them into the scuppers,
where they were out of the way.
"The captain has ordered the light sails to be furled. It is coming on
nasty and squally weather," continued Sanderson.
"But the men are too drunk to go aloft," I suggested. "I will take in the
royals myself, if you can find four men who are steady enough to
handle the top-gallant sails."
Without waiting for this question to be answered, I went up the main
rigging, and furled the main royal. Sliding down on the main top-
gallant stay, I took in the fore royal. By this time four men had come
aloft to furl the top-gallant sails. I assisted the two on the fore top-
gallant yard, and then hastened down to the deck. The flying-jib was
taken in, and then the bark went along easily; but the flaws of wind
were very heavy, and it was evident that we should be obliged to reef
topsails very soon.
"There's a row in the steerage, Phil," said Sanderson, coming aft,
when we had taken in the flying-jib.
"Hallo!" I exclaimed. "The fore scuttle has been taken off!"
"Clap it on, and make it fast," replied the mate.
The situation began to be very serious. With nearly all the men drunk,
there was a disturbance in the steerage. There was plainly a rising
among the prisoners. It was clear enough that the trouble had been
caused by the Spanish and Portuguese sailors. Everything had gone
along so well for a week, that we had relaxed our vigilance to some
extent, though we went through all the forms established at the
commencement of our rule in the vessel.
I secured the fore scuttle so that it could not be opened from below. I
began to have an idea of the manner in which the difficulty had been
occasioned. The five pirates—as I choose to call those who had
knowingly embarked for a slave voyage—whom we had released had
done the work for their masters in the steerage. They had brought up
the rum, and given it to the crew, in preparation for the strike which
was to ensue. But we had disposed of the two worst of the pirates on
deck.
"Come, Phil, we must go below," said Sanderson. "Baxter will remain
on deck, and see that the fore scuttle or the main hatch is not
removed."
"Wait a minute, Mr. Sanderson," I interposed. "The more haste, the
worse speed."
"But there's a row in the steerage."
"No matter; we will not put our heads into a trap," I replied, as we
walked aft and met Captain York in the waist.
"We are in trouble, Mr. Farringford," said the captain. "I think, from the
noise in the steerage, that the pirates there have overpowered the
sentinel."
"Who was on guard?" I asked.
"Franklin."
"I'm afraid he's a traitor. Where's Palmer?"
"He has not turned out."
"If either of the pirates attempts to come on deck by the companion-
way, shoot him, Captain York. We must not mince the matter now. It is
life and death with us."
"That's so; and I will not flinch," replied the captain.
"Mr. Sanderson and I will go below, if you and Baxter, who is forward,
will ascertain where Grego, Sylvio, and Pedro are. Let us be sure that
we have the deck before we do anything below."
"All right, Mr. Farringford."
The captain walked forward, and the mate and myself, with our
revolvers ready for use, went down into the cabin. The lantern was
burning below the skylight, and we soon satisfied ourselves that the
cabin had not yet been invaded by the conspirators. I waked Palmer,
who slept on the transom under the stern ports, and had heard
nothing yet. There were now three of us, and we were all well armed.
All the guns and pistols had been removed from the steerage to the
cabin, so that we were not likely to encounter an armed resistance if
we made an onslaught upon the pirates.
"Palmer, where is the rum kept?" I asked.
"In the hold; there are two or three barrels of it. There are half a
dozen demijohns of liquor here in the cabin."
"But nearly all the men are drunk. Where did they get their liquor?"
"They must have got it in the hold," replied the steward.
"It is a mistake that these casks were not stove before," I replied, as I
led the way, pistol in hand, to the steerage.
"Let me go first," said Sanderson. "You are a young man, and have a
mother. It is not time for you to die yet, Phil."
He crowded himself ahead of me, and threw open the door which led
into the steerage. I followed him closely, for if there was a fight, I
intended to do my full share in it. The lantern, which had been
suspended from a deck beam overhead, to enable the sentinel to see
his prisoners, had been taken down, and the steerage was so dark
that we could see nothing.
"Bring the cabin lantern, Palmer," said I, taking Sanderson by the
arm, and pulling him back.
"Who's there?" demanded a voice out of the gloom of the apartment,
as soon as I spoke.
"Who is it?" asked Sanderson.
"It is I."
"Who?"
"Franklin."
"Where are the pirates?"
"Gone," said he.
"Is that the way you do your duty?"
"I could not help it."
"Couldn't help it!" added the mate, sternly. "Why didn't you fire at the
first man that attempted to escape?"
"I couldn't," he answered, as Palmer appeared with the lantern.
The light revealed his situation, and we were not disposed to blame
him till we heard more. He was lashed to the stanchion where
Waterford had been confined, with his hands tied behind him. The
four pirates were not in the berths where we had left them, and the
cords that had bound them were scattered about the deck.
"What does this mean?" I demanded of Franklin.
"I don't know; only that I was knocked down, my pistol taken from me,
and I was bound to this stanchion," replied the sentinel, sheepishly.
"Who knocked you down?"
"Grego was one of them. I couldn't see who the others were."
"Where are they now?"
"They went between decks."
"All right," said Sanderson. "The scuttle and the hatch are fast, so that
they can't go on deck."
The mate released the sentinel, for it did not appear that he had
wilfully aided the pirates. The fact that he was bound, and left in the
steerage, was sufficient evidence that he was not in the plot. This
was a great relief to us, for we had doubted the man in the beginning,
and we could not afford to lose a single hand from our party in the
present emergency. We retreated to the cabin for further consultation;
for, while Sanderson was disposed to be rash, and grapple with the
pirates without delay, I was in favor of ascertaining precisely how we
stood, and then fighting the battle by the aid of strategy rather than by
brute force alone. We closed and locked the door leading from the
cabin to the steerage.
"Now let us know how things stand on deck, before we go any
farther," said I, as we paused at the foot of the companion ladder.
"I think we might as well shoot down the pirates at once, and make
short work of it, Phil," said the new mate.
"They have one pistol at least, and possibly more. One of us may get
the first ball through his head; and as we have everything secure on
deck, we can afford to wait better than the pirates. They have made a
blunder somewhere, and it is our duty to take advantage of it."
"What blunder?" asked Sanderson.
"In my opinion, Martino and Gorro began the row just a little while too
soon. If they had not refused to do duty, all the pirates would have
been on deck before this time. They drank too much of their own rum,
and it became their foe instead of their friend."
"That's so; it was stupid of them."
"Rum always makes men stupid," I replied, ascending the ladder.
"Captain York!" I called.
"Ay, ay, Phil."
"How is it on deck?"
"We have overhauled the hands. Grego, Sylvio, and Pedro are not on
deck."
"Then they are below. The prisoners are all loose—seven of them—
between decks."
"All loose!" exclaimed Captain York.
"Every one of them."
"And hardly half a dozen of the crew are able to stand up, they are so
drunk," replied the captain in disgust.
"Keep an eye on the main hatch and the fore scuttle, and we are
safe," I added as I returned to the cabin.
 CHAPTER XXIV.
IN WHICH PHIL PREPARES FOR A STRUGGLE,
AND OPENS THE FORE SCUTTLE.
"Were you asleep, Franklin, when you were overpowered?" I asked.
"No, I was not," he protested, warmly. "I had just been round and
looked at the pirates. They were all safe and right, and I sat down on
the box near the door which leads between decks. The first thing I
knew, the door opened, and Grego had me by the throat. I did the
best I could, but against three of them I had no chance."
"What did they do then?" asked Sanderson.
"They let the prisoners loose, and tied me to the stanchion. Then
they went between decks, and I suppose they are there now."
We were on the lookout for the conspirators, but we heard nothing of
them. I concluded that they were waiting for Martino to open the fore
scuttle for them. I thought it was best to let them wait. I had deterred
Sanderson from making an onslaught upon the pirates, but I was not
yet ready to propose a plan of operations against them. Leaving
Sanderson and Palmer at the door of the steerage, I went on deck to
consult further with the captain. I was in favor, if possible, of
postponing the battle till daylight.
"Phil, you have managed this thing so far, and I think you had better
see it through," said Captain York; and there was not a little anxiety
manifest in his tones.
"I will do the best I can; but you are the captain of the bark, and if
you have any orders to give, I shall obey them, without regard to my
own opinions."
"If it were a question of seamanship I could settle it; but you seem to
have a talent for this kind of business. I would rather leave it all to
you. I will give such orders to the men as you suggest."
I was certainly very much honored and flattered by his confidence;
and no modesty on my part could disprove the fact that I had
furnished the plan, and performed a leading part in the capture of the
vessel.
"It is not of much use to give any orders to the men just now, for
most of them are too drunk to do anything," I replied.
"It's going to blow before morning," added Captain York, looking
around him at the black sky and the restless ocean.
"Do you mean that we shall have a gale?"
"That's just what I mean. I thought this morning that we should have
heavy weather within twenty-four hours."
"It will be a bad time to settle this business then?"
"Yes; the sooner it is over, the better."
"I wanted to wait till daylight before we did anything decisive."
"We haven't hands enough fit for duty to reef the main topsails."
"Very well; then we will have some more hands."
"What do you mean?"
"I am in favor of making Martino, Gorro, and the rest of those
piratical seamen do their share of the work. If they won't take hold,
they shall take the consequences. I suppose the men will be sober in
a few hours."
"Yes; if their rum is all gone. We had better see about that."
We took a lantern and went into the forecastle. We could find no rum
there, nor anywhere else. It was probable that they had drank all
they possessed, for it was not like them to leave any. We overhauled
the drunkards, and found two or three of them who were able to
stand up; but that was all.
"Have you any rum here?" demanded the captain, very sternly.
"Not a drop, captain," replied one of those who still had the use of his
limbs.
"Where did you get your liquor?"
"Grego gave it to us, and said the captain sent it."
"I suppose you are all ready to go slaving now."
"No, sir!" shouted the speaker and his companions, with energy.
We plied them with questions till we were satisfied that they had not
been tampered with. Grego had visited the hold and brought up the
rum, without the knowledge of any of the officers. The conspirators
had only intended to make the crew drunk; but Martino and Gorro
had doubtless drank more than was laid down in the programme.
"The men will be all right as soon as they are sober," said Captain
York. "They haven't joined the pirates."
"No; that's plain enough; but in getting drunk they have done almost
as badly."
"Well, what shall we do? We may find it necessary to haul up the
courses and reef topsails. The bark has about all she can stagger
under now, and we haven't hands enough to watch the pirates and
handle the vessel at the same time."
"That's very true," I replied.
"I suppose the pirates are only waiting for us to be busy, when they
will make their strike. There are seven of them between decks, you
know."
"No matter; we can handle them, if we are careful and prudent. They
are only waiting for Martino to open the fore scuttle."
"How do you know?"
"I don't know; but from what we have seen of their plan we can judge
of the rest. Martino and Gorro were to remain on deck, while the
other three sailors were to release the prisoners. The two on deck
have evidently overdone their part, as all drunken men are apt to do.
I have only to say that, if they had kept sober, and the other seven
had reached the deck, the nine might have overpowered us, while
nearly all our men were helplessly intoxicated."
"That's so; and we have had a narrow escape."
"Everything seemed to be going along so well, that I suppose we
were not as sharp as we ought to have been. But, thank God, we are
still in a situation to do something; and we must act at once, instead
of waiting till daylight, as I wished."
"What are you going to do?" asked the captain.
"I am going to let a part of the pirates come on deck—say three. We
can take care of them very well."
I went into the cabin, and stated my plan to Sanderson. Leaving
Palmer in the cabin with a pistol in his hand, and with orders to shoot
the first pirate that attempted to enter the cabin, I went on deck with
Franklin and the mate. I had no fear that a demonstration would be
made upon the cabin from between decks until the battle on deck
was ended. I told Walker, who was at the helm, to hail us forward if
anything happened in the cabin, and we went upon the forecastle, to
grapple in earnest with the emergency.
The wind came in fearful gusts, and the bark was laboring heavily
under her present canvas. It was time that the courses were hauled
up. I thought so when the vessel heeled down to her rail, and a
heavy surge swept over the bow, and rolled down through the
scuppers as her head lifted.
"This won't do," said the captain. "It's coming heavier and heavier
every minute, and before we finish this business, the masts may be
taken out of her. There she goes again."
The bow plunged deep down into the sea, and we took the crest of
another billow on board. We were obliged to grasp the fiferail to keep
from being carried over into the scuppers. Of course we were all
drenched to the skin, and so were the drunken sailors, some of
whom were tossed very rudely about by the rushing waters. But the
effect upon them was decidedly hopeful. Cold salt water was the
antidote of the rum they had drank. I agreed with the captain that we
must defer the business to take in sail.