(download pdf) Precalculus 5th Edition Faires Test Bank full chapter

Precalculus 5th Edition Faires Test
Bank
Go to download the full and correct content document:
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-5th-edition-faires-test-bank/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...
Precalculus Essentials 5th Edition Blitzer Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-essentials-5th-
edition-blitzer-test-bank/
Precalculus Essentials 5th Edition Blitzer Solutions

Manual
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-essentials-5th-
edition-blitzer-solutions-manual/
Precalculus A Right Triangle Approach 5th Edition

Beecher Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-a-right-triangle-
approach-5th-edition-beecher-test-bank/
Precalculus A Right Triangle Approach 5th Edition

Beecher Solutions Manual
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-a-right-triangle-
approach-5th-edition-beecher-solutions-manual/
Precalculus 6th Edition Lial Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-6th-edition-lial-
test-bank/
Precalculus 6th Edition Blitzer Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-6th-edition-blitzer-
test-bank/
Precalculus 7th Edition Cohen Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-7th-edition-cohen-
test-bank/
Precalculus 10th Edition Sullivan Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-10th-edition-
sullivan-test-bank/
Precalculus 10th Edition Larson Test Bank
https://testbankfan.com/product/precalculus-10th-edition-larson-
test-bank/
Exam
Name___________________________________
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Verify the identity.

1) csc u - sin u = cos u cot u 1)
1 1 - sin2 u cos2 u cos u
Answer: csc u - sin u = - sin u = = = cos u · = cos u cot u
sin u sin u sin u sin u
Explanation:
2) tan · csc = sec 2)

sin 1 1
Answer: tan · csc = · = = sec
cos sin cos
Explanation:
cos x + cos y x-y

3) = cot 3)
sin x - sin y 2
x+y x-y x-y
2 cos cos cos
cos x + cos y 2 2 2 x-y
Answer: = = = cot
sin x - sin y x-y x+y x-y 2
2 sin cos sin
2 2 2
Explanation:
4) cos( - ) - cos( + ) = 2 sin sin 4)

Answer: cos ( - ) - cos ( + ) = cos cos + sin sin - ( cos cos - sin sin ) = 2 sin
sin .
Explanation:
5) cos 4 = 2 cos2 (2 ) - 1 5)
Answer: cos 4 = cos[2(2 )] = 2 cos2 (2 ) - 1
Explanation:
6) (1 + tan2 u)(1 - sin2 u) = 1 6)

1
Answer: (1 + tan2 u)(1 - sin2 u) = sec2 u · cos2 u = · cos2 u = 1
cos2 u
Explanation:
7) sin( + ) - sin( - ) = 2 cos sin 7)

Answer: sin ( + ) - sin ( - ) = sin cos + cos sin - sin cos + cos sin = 2 cos
sin .
Explanation:
8) tan 2 x (1 + cos 2x) = 1 - cos 2x 8)

1 - cos 2x
Answer: tan 2 x (1 + cos 2x) = (1 + cos 2x) = 1 - cos 2x
1 + cos 2x
Explanation:
1
9) cos x + = -sin x 9)
2
Answer: cos x + = cos x cos - sin x sin = (cos x)(0) - (sin x)(1) = - sin x.
2 2 2
Explanation:
10) cot · sec = csc 10)

cos 1 1
Answer: cot · sec = · = = csc
sin cos sin
Explanation:
11) 1 + sec2 x sin2 x = sec2 x 11)

sin2 x
Answer: 1 + sec2 x sin2 x = 1 + = 1 + tan2 x = sec2 x.
cos2 x
Explanation:
12) sin - = -cos 12)

2
Answer: sin - = sin cos - cos sin = (-1) · cos - 0 · sin = - cos
2 2 2
Explanation:
sin - sin - +
13) = tan cot 13)
sin + sin 2 2
- + - +
2 sin cos sin cos
sin - sin 2 2 2 2 -
Answer: = = · = tan cot
sin + sin + - - + 2
2 sin cos cos sin
2 2 2 2
+
2
Explanation:
14) cos - = -sin 14)

2
Answer: cos - = cos cos + sin sin = 0 · cos - 1 · sin = - sin

2 2 2
Explanation:
15) sin4t = 2 sin2t cos2t 15)

Answer: sin 4t = sin [2(2t)] = 2 sin2t cos2t.
Explanation:
2
16) sin( - ) cos( + ) = sin cos - sin cos 16)
Answer: sin( - ) cos ( + ) = (sin cos - cos sin )(cos cos - sin sin )
= sin cos cos2 - sin2 cos sin - cos2 sin cos + cos sin sin2
= sin cos (cos2 + sin2 ) - sin cos (sin2 + cos2 ) = sin cos - sin cos
Explanation:
cos( + )
17) = cot - tan 17)
cos sin
cos( + ) cos cos - sin sin cos cos sin sin cos sin
Answer: = = - = -
cos sin cos sin cos sin cos sin sin cos
= cot - tan
Explanation:
18) tan + x = -cot x 18)

2
sin (( /2) + x) sin ( /2) cos x + sin x cos ( /2) 1 · cos x + sin x · 0
Answer: tan +x = = =
2 cos (( /2) + x) cos ( /2) cos x - sin ( /2) sin x 0 · cos x - 1 · sin x
= -cot x.
Explanation:
19) csc2 u - cos u sec u= cot2 u 19)

1
Answer: csc2 u - cos u sec u = csc2 u - cos u · = csc2 u - 1 = cot2 u
cos u
Explanation:
tan x - 1
20) tan x - = 20)
4 1 + tan x
tan x - tan /4 tan x - 1
Answer: tan x - = = .
4 1 + (tan x)(tan /4) 1 + tan x
Explanation:
21) cot 2 x + csc 2 x = 2 csc 2 x - 1 21)

Answer: cot 2 x + csc 2 x = csc 2 x - 1 + csc 2 x = 2 csc 2 x - 1.
Explanation:
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ).

22) cos x + + cos x - =1 22)
3 3
A) , B) , C) , D) 0
2 4 6 4 2 6
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3
Use the figure to find the exact value of the trigonometric function.
23) Find tan 2 . 23)
13
5
12
118 120 120 119
A) B) C) D)
119 169 119 169
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Rewrite the expression in terms of the given function or functions.

24) cos2 x + cos x - 1 + sin2 x; cos x 24)
A) -cos x B) 2 + cos x C) 2cos x D) cos x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Complete the identity.

(sin x + cos x)2
25) =? 25)
1 + 2 sin x cos x
A) 0 B) 1 C) - sec2 x D) 1 - sin x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
26) sin x (sin 5x + sin 7x) = ? 26)

1
A) cos x (cos 5x + cos 7x) B) cos x (cos 5x + cos 7x)
2
1
C) cos x (cos 5x - cos 7x) D) cos x (cos 5x - cos 7x)
2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
4
2
27) cos 2x = 27)
2
2 4 7 9 15
A) 0, , , B) , , ,
3 3 8 8 8 8
3 5 7
C) , , , D) no solution
4 4 4 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

28) cos ( + ) + cos ( - ) = ? 28)
A) cos cos B) 2cos cos C) sin cos D) 2sin cos
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use the graph to complete the identity.

cos x tan x - 4tan x + 3cos x - 12
29) =? 29)
tan x + 3
A) sin x - 3 B) sin x + 3cos x C) cos x + 4 D) cos x - 4

Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
5
Use substitution to determine whether the given x-value is a solution of the equation.
2 3 -2
30) sin x = - , x= 30)
3 3
A) Yes B) No
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)

1
31) sec x - =? 31)
sec x
A) 1 + cot x B) sec x csc x C) sin x tan x D) -2 tan2 x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use a graph in a [-2 , 2 , ] by [-3, 3, 1] viewing rectangle to complete the identity.

2
1 - 2 cos 2x
32) =? 32)
2 sin x - 1
A) 2 cos x + 1 B) 2 sin x + 1 C) sin x + 1 D) cos x - 1
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

2 cot x
33) =? 33)
1 + cot2 x
A) cos 2x B) cot 2x C) tan 2x D) sin 2x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
6
(sec x + tan x) (sec x - tan x)
34) =? 34)
sec x
A) cos x B) csc x C) sin x D) sec x

Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use the given information to find the exact value of the expression.
4 2
35) sin = , lies in quadrant II, and cos = , lies in quadrant I Find cos ( - ). 35)
5 5
8 + 3 21 8 - 3 21 -6 + 4 21 6 - 4 21
A) B) C) D)
25 25 25 25
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use the given information to find the exact value of the trigonometric function.
5
36) sec = - , lies in quadrant II Find sin . 36)
3 2
2 5 5 2 5
A) - B) C) - D)
5 5 5 5
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
7
sin 2x + sin 6x
37) =? 37)
cos 6x - cos 2x
A) tan 2x + tan 6x B) cot 2x C) -cot 2x D) tan 4x

Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3
38) sin 4x = 38)
2
A) 0, , B) 0
4
2 7 7 13 5 19 5
C) , , , , , , , D) ,
12 6 3 12 6 12 3 12 4 4
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

39) The weekly sales in thousands of items of a product has a seasonal sales record approximated by 39)
t
n = 53.6 + 19.3 sin (t is time in weeks with t = 1 referring to the first week in the year). During
24
which week(s) will the sales equal 63,250 items?
A) week 30 and week 47 B) week 21 and week 30
C) week 4 and week 47 D) week 4, week 20, and week 52
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
8
40) Find cos 2 . 40)
5
4
3
6 7 7 24
A) - B) - C) D)
25 25 25 25
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
4 2
41) sin = , lies in quadrant II, and cos = , lies in quadrant I Find cos ( - ). 41)
5 5
8 - 3 21 8 + 3 21 6 - 4 21 -6 + 4 21
A) B) C) D)
25 25 25 25
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

42) cot2 2x + cos2 2x + sin2 2x = ? 42)
A) csc2 2x B) cos2 2x C) 2 D) sin2 2x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
43) tan ( - ) = ? 43)

A) tan B) cot C) -tan D) -cot
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
9
44) cot =? 44)
2
sin sin sin sin
A) B) C) D)
sin - cos 1 - cos sin + cos 1 + cos
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Rewrite the expression as a simplified expression containing one term.

5 5 5 5
45) cos + cos - - sin + sin - 45)
3 3 3 3
1 1 1 3
A) B) - C) D)
4 2 2 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use a half-angle formula to find the exact value of the expression.

3
46) sin 46)
8
1 1 1 1
A) 2- 2 B) 2+ 2 C) - 2+ 2 D) - 2- 2
2 2 2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Identify and in the following expression which is the right side of the formula for cos ( - ).
47) cos (155°) cos (35°) + sin (155°) sin (35°) 47)
A) = 155°, = 35° B) = - 35°, = 155°
C) = -155°, = 35° D) = 35°, = 155°
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
10
sin x + sin y
48) =? 48)
cos x + cos y
x-y x-y x+y
A) cot B) tan C) tan x + tan y D) tan
2 2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3 21
49) sin = - , lies in quadrant IV, and cos = - , lies in quadrant III Find sin ( - ). 49)
5 5
-8 + 3 21 -6 + 4 21 -6 - 4 21 8 + 3 21
A) B) C) D)
25 25 25 25
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Find all solutions of the equation.

50) 8 cos x - 6 3 = 6 cos x- 5 3 50)
11
A) x = + n or x = +n B) x = + 2n or x = + 2n
6 6 6 6
11
C) x = + 2n or x = + 2n D) x = + n or x = +n
6 6 6 6
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

51) tan x + sec x = 1 51)
5
A) 0 B) no solution C) D)
4 4
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
11
7
52) sin = , lies in quadrant II Find tan 2 . 52)
25
336 336 336 529
A) B) C) - D) -
527 625 527 527
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

sin ( + )
53) =? 53)
cos cos
A) tan + tan B) tan + tan C) -tan + cot D) cot + cot
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
54) 2 tan x - (1 + tan x)2 = ? 54)

A) 0 B) 1 - sin x C) 1 D) - sec2 x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use trigonometric identities to find the exact value.

tan 80° + tan 70°
55) 55)
1 - tan 80° tan 70°
1 3
A) - 3 B) - C) -2 D) -
2 3
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

56) sec4 x + sec2 x tan2 x - 2 tan4 x = ? 56)
A) sec4 x + 2 B) 3 sec4 x - 2 C) tan2 x - 1 D) 4 sec4 x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
12
Rewrite the expression as an equivalent expression that does not contain powers of trigonometric functions greater than
1.
57) 8 cos2 x 57)
A) 4 - 4 cos 2x B) 16 cos x C) 1 + cos 2x D) 4 + 4 cos 2x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
7 8
58) sin = , lies in quadrant I, and cos = , lies in quadrant I Find cos ( + ). 58)
25 17
297 416 87 304
A) B) C) D) -
425 425 425 425
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Express the sum or difference as a product.

59) sin 4x - sin 6x 59)
A) -2 sin x B) 2 sin 5x cos x C) 2 cos 4x cos 5x D) -2 sin x cos 5x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

60) An airplane flying faster than the speed of sound creates sound waves that form a cone. If
is the 60)
1
vertex angle of the cone and m is the Mach number for the speed of the plane, then sin =
2 m
(m > 1). Find the Mach number to the nearest tenth if = 90°.
A) 2.4 B) 1.0 C) 1.4 D) 1.7
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
13
7 7
61) sin x + - sin x - =1 61)
6 6
A) , B) , C) , D)
2 3 2 4 4 3
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

62) cos x + 2 cos x sin x = 0 62)
11 11
A) , B) , , ,
6 6 2 6 2 6
11
C) 0, , , D) , ,2
2 6 2 6 6
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

63) cos 2x cos 4x + sin 2x sin 4x = ? 63)
A) y = cos 6x B) y = cos 2x C) y = sin 6x D) y = sin 2x

Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
14
5
64) cos 64)
12
1 1 1 1
A) - 2- 3 B) - 2+ 3 C) 2- 3 D) 2+ 3
2 2 2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Write the expression as the cosine of an angle, knowing that the expression is the right side of the formula for cos ( - )
with particular values for and .
65) cos (170°) cos (50°) + sin (170°) sin (50°) 65)
A) cos (120°) B) cos (190°) C) cos (220°) D) cos (210°)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3
66) cos 66)
8
1 1 1 1
A) 2- 2 B) - 2+ 2 C) - 2- 2 D) 2+ 2
2 2 2 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3 7
67) tan x = , x= 67)
3 6
A) Yes B) No
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
15
Express the product as a sum or difference.
5x x
68) cos cos 68)
2 2
1 1
A) (cos 2x + cos 3x) B) cos2 5x
2 4
1 1
C) (cos 6x - sin4x) D) (cos 3x - sin 2x)
4 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

69) sin 6x + sin 2x 69)
A) 2 sin 4x sin 2x B) 2 sin 4x cos 2x C) 2 sin 8x D) 2 cos 4x sin 2x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Find the exact value by using a sum or difference identity.

70) sin 255° 70)
2( 3 - 1) 2( 3 - 1) 2( 3 + 1) 2( 3 + 1)
A) B) - C) - D)
4 4 4 4
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

71) 2 sin2 x = sin x 71)
3 2 2 5 5
A) , , , B) , C) , D) 0, , ,
2 2 3 3 3 3 6 6 6 6
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
16
72) sin2 x + tan2 x + cos2 x = ? 72)
A) cot3 x B) sec2 x C) tan2 x D) sin x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Find the exact value under the given conditions.

4 21 3
73) cos = - , < < ; sin = - , < < Find tan ( + ). 73)
5 2 5 2
-6 + 4 21 8 + 3 21 -6 + 4 21 6 - 4 21
A) B) C) D)
8 + 3 21 -6 + 4 21 25 8 + 3 21
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Show that the equation is not an identity by finding a value of x for which both sides are defined but not equal.
74) cos x - cos x sinx = cos3 x 74)
A) 0 B) C) D)
4 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

75) sin 3x cos 4x 75)
1
A) (cos 7x - cos x) B) sin (cos 12x2 )
2
1 1
C) (sin 7x - sin x) D) (cos 7x + sin x)
2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
17
76) cos x = 0 76)
A) B) +n C) 2n D) x = + 2n
2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1
77) cos = , csc > 0 Find sin . 77)
4 2
6 10 8 + 2 15 8 - 2 15
A) B) C) D)
4 4 4 4
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
18
Solve the problem.
78) Graph in a [- , , ] by [-3, 3, 1] viewing rectangle 78)
2
sin x sin 2x sin 3x sin 4x sin 5x sin 6x sin 7x
y= 2 - + - + - +
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
A) B)
C) D)
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

79) tan x · cot x = ? 79)
A) sin x B) 0 C) 1 D) -1
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
19
1 + cos x sin x
80) + =? 80)
sin x 1 + cos x
A) 2csc x B) 2cos x C) 2sec x D) 2sin x

Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use a calculator to solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ). Round the answer to two decimal places.
81) cos x = -0.72 81)
A) 0.77, 3.91 B) 2.37, 5.52 C) 2.37, 3.91 D) 0.77, 2.37
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Find the exact value by using a difference identity.

82) tan 255° 82)
A) - 3 + 2 B) 3 - 2 C) - 3-2 D) 3+2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

83) cos x + - cos x - =1 83)
4 4
A) , B) , C) , D) ,
2 6 4 6 4 4 6 3
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
20
84) sin4 x - cos4 x = ? 84)
A) 1 - 2cos2 x B) 1 - 2sin2 x C) 1 + 2cos2 x D) 1 + 2sin2 x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

x x
85) sec = cos 85)
2 2
5 2 7 7 13 5
A) 0, , , B) , , , , , ,
4 3 12 6 3 12 6 12 3
5
C) 0 D) ,
4 4
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

86) sin x + =? 86)
2
A) sin x B) -sin x C) -cos x D) cos x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1.
87) sin3 x 87)
3 1 1 3
A) sin x + sin 2x - sin 3x B) sin x
4 2 4 4
3 1 3 1
C) sin x + sin 2x D) sin x - sin 3x
4 4 4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
21
Solve the problem.
88) The sound produced by touching each button on a touch-tone phone is described by 88)
y = sin 2 lt + sin 2 ht
where l and h are the low and high frequencies (cycles per second) in the figure shown.
Describe the sound emitted by touching the 8 key as a product of sines and cosines.
A) y = 2 sin(484 t) cos(2188 t) B) y = 2 sin(625 t) cos(2329 t)
C) y = 2 sin(2329 t) cos(625 t) D) y = 2 sin(2188 t) cos(484 t)
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
89) sin x = -0.25 89)
A) 0.25, 6.03 B) 3.39, 6.03 C) 0.25, 3.39 D) 0.25, 1.82
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

90) tan + cot =? 90)
2 2
A) -2 cot B) 2 cot C) 2 csc D) -2 csc
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
91) csc x(sin x + cos x) = ? 91)

A) sec x csc x B) -2 tan2 x C) 1 + cot x D) sin x tan x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
22
3
92) cos 2x = - 2, x = 92)
4
A) Yes B) No
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)

93) sin 105° 93)
1 1 1 1
A) 2- 3 B) 2+ 3 C) - 2+ 3 D) - 2- 3
2 2 2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

(tan x + 1)(tan x + 1) - sec2 x
94) =? 94)
tan x
A) 1 B) 2 C) 0 D) tan x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

95) sin2 2x = 1 95)
2 4 3 5 7 9
A) 0, , , B) , , , C) , D) no solution
3 3 4 4 4 4 8 8
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
23
x 11x
96) sin cos 96)
2 2
1 1
A) (sin6x - sin 5x) B) sin (cos 11x)
2 4
1 1
C) (cos 12x - sin 10x) D) (cos 6x + sin 5x)
4 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3
97) sin = , lies in quadrant I Find cos 2 . 97)
5
1 7 7 24
A) B) C) - D)
5 25 25 25
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Write the expression as the cosine of an angle, knowing that the expression is the right side of the formula for cos ( - )
with particular values for and .
98) cos cos + sin sin 98)
12 4 12 4
2 5
A) cos B) cos C) cos D) cos
3 3 6 6
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

(csc x + 1)(csc x - 1)
99) =? 99)
cot2 x
A) 0 B) 1 C) -1 D) 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
24
Solve the problem.
100) A generator produces an alternating current according to the equation I = 56 sin 43 t, where t is 100)
time in seconds and I is the current in amperes. What is the smallest time t such that I = 28?
1 1 1 1
A) second B) second C) second D) second
129 86 258 172
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

101) sin 75 + sin 15 101)
3 6 6 6
A) B) C) D) -
2 2 4 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

102) cos2 x + 2 cos x + 1 = 0 102)
7 3
A) B) 2 C) , D) ,
4 4 2 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
25
103) sin 6x cos 3x - cos 6x sin 3x = ? 103)
A) y = cos 3x B) y = sin 9x C) y = cos 9x D) y = sin 3x

Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

104) csc x + tan2 x csc x; cos x and sin x 104)
sin x + cos x 1 1
A) B) cos x - sin x C) D)
sin x cos x sin x cos2 x sin x cos x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

13
105) tan 105)
12
A) 2 + 3 B) 2 - 3 C) -2 - 3 D) 3-2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
26
106) sin 6x sin 3x 106)
1 1
A) (cos 3x - cos 9x) B) (sin 9x + cos 3x)
2 2
1
C) (cos 9x - cos 3x) D) sin2 18x2
2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3 4
107) sin x = - , x= 107)
2 3
A) Yes B) No
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)

cos x - sin x sin x - cos x
108) + =? 108)
cos x sin x
A) 2 - sec x csc x B) 2 + sec x csc x C) sec x csc x D) 1 - sec x csc x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
sin x cos x
109) + =? 109)
cos x sin x
A) 1 + cot x B) sec x csc x C) sin x tan x D) -2 tan2 x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
15
110) sin = - , lies in quadrant IV Find cos . 110)
17 2
5 34 3 34 5 34 4
A) - B) - C) D)
34 34 34 17
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
27
cos 2x - cos 8x
111) =? 111)
cos 2x + cos 8x
A) 0 B) cot 5x C) -tan 5x D) tan 3x tan 5x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
112) tan x = 2.4 112)
A) 1.18, 1.96 B) 1.18, 2.75 C) 1.18, 4.32 D) 1.18, 5.10
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Describe the graph using another equation.

113) y = cos x + - cos x - 113)
2 2
A) -2sin x B) -sin x C) -2cos x D) -cos x

Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

114) (tan x - 1) (cos x + 1) = 0 114)
A) 0, , B) , , C) , , D) 0, ,
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
28
115) (sec x + csc x) (sin x + cos x) - 2 - cot x; tan x 115)
A) 2tan x B) 0 C) 2 + tan x D) tan x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Describe the graph using another equation.

116) y = sin ( - x) 116)
A) sin x B) -sin x C) -cos x D) cos x

Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

117) sin2 =? 117)
2
csc + cot -csc + cot -csc - cot csc - cot
A) B) C) D)
2 csc 2 csc 2 csc 2 csc
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
118) sin ( + ) sin ( - ) = ? 118)

A) cos2 - cos2 B) sin2 - sin2 C) cos2 + cos2 D) sin2 - cos2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
29
5 5
119) sin x + + sin x - =1 119)
4 4
5
A) , B) , C) , D) ,
4 6 2 4 6 4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

120) cos ( - x) = ? 120)
A) -sin x B) cos x C) sin x D) -cos x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
4
121) cos = , lies in quadrant IV Find cos . 121)
5 2
2 3 10 2 3 10
A) - B) C) D) -
5 10 5 10
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

cos2 x - sin2 x
122) =? 122)
1 - tan2 x
A) 1 B) -1 C) cos2 x D) sin2 x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
30
1.
123) sin4 x 123)
3 1 3 3
A) - 2 cos 2x + cos 4x B) - cos 2x
2 2 2 2
3 5 3 1 1
C) + cos 2x D) - cos 2x + cos 4x
8 8 8 2 8
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

124) 2 cos x - 3 = 0 124)
11
A) x = + n or x = +n B) x = + 2n or x = + 2n
6 6 6 6
11
C) x = + 2n or x = + 2n D) x = + n or x = +n
6 6 6 6
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

11
125) cos x - =? 125)
6
3 1
A) - (cos x - sin x) B) ( 3 cos x - sin x)
2 2
3 3
C) - (cos x + sin x) D) (cos x - sin x)
2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3 21
126) cos = - , lies in quadrant III, and sin = , lies in quadrant II Find cos ( + ). 126)
5 5
-6 - 4 21 8 - 3 21 -8 + 3 21 6 + 4 21
A) B) C) D)
25 25 25 25
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
31
127) tan x sec x = -2 tan x 127)
A) x = + 2n or x = + 2n or x = n B) x = + n or x = + n or x = n
3 3 3 3
C) x = + 2n or x = + 2n or x = n D) x = + n or x = + n or x = n
3 3 3 3
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
15 21
128) tan = , lies in quadrant III, and cos = - , lies in quadrant II Find sin ( + ). 128)
8 29
475 132 155 468
A) B) - C) D)
493 493 493 493
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
20 5
129) sin = , lies in quadrant II, and cos = , lies in quadrant I Find sin ( - ). 129)
29 13
352 135 152 345
A) B) - C) - D)
377 377 377 377
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Use a calculator to solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ). Round to the nearest hundredth of a radian.
130) sin 3x = - sin x 130)
A) 0, 3.14 B) 0, 0.79, 2.36, 3.14, 3.93, 5.50
C) 0, 1.57, 3.14, 4.71 D) 1.57, 4.71
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
32
sin ( + )
131) =? 131)
sin ( - )
tan - tan tan - tan tan + tan tan ( + )
A) B) C) D)
tan ( + ) tan + tan tan - tan tan - tan
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
132) sec = 4, lies in quadrant I Find cos . 132)
2
8 + 2 15 8 - 2 15 6 10
A) B) C) D)
4 4 4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
133) sin (x + ) = sin x 133)
A) 2 B) 0 C) D)
2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

sin 5x + sin 7x
134) =? 134)
cos 2x + cos 4x
sin 12x sin 6x 5 7 cos 12x
A) B) C) tan x + tan x D)
cos 6x cos 3x 2 4 sin 6x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
33
1
135) sin = , tan > 0 Find cos . 135)
4 2
6 8 + 2 15 10 8 - 2 15
A) B) C) D)
4 4 4 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Find the exact value of the expression.

136) cos sin - cos sin 136)
18 9 9 18
1 3 1
A) B) C) 1 D)
2 2 4
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

137) tan 285° 137)
2- 3 2+ 3
A) 2 + 3 B) -2 - 3 C) D)
4 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
34
cos 8x - cos 2x
138) =? 138)
sin 8x + sin 2x
A) cot 2x + cot 8x B) tan 5x C) -tan 3x D) 2 tan 5x tan 3x

Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

139) sin 3x sin 5x cos 3x cos 5x = ? 139)
cos2 2x - cos2 8x
A) cos2 30x B)
4
cos2 8x + cos2 2x sin2 30x
C) D)
4 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
35
3 3
140) sin 3x cos x - cos 3x sin x = ? 140)
2 2
9 3 9 3
A) y = cos x B) y = cos x C) y = sin x D) y = sin x
2 2 2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

141) sin 15° cos 45° + cos 15° sin 45° 141)
3 3 1 1
A) B) C) D)
2 3 4 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Write the expression as the sine, cosine, or tangent of a double angle. Then find the exact value of the expression.
2 tan
6
142) 142)
1 - tan2
6
3 3
A) B) - C) 3 D) - 3
3 3
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
36
3
143) cos = - , sin > 0 Find cos . 143)
5 2
30 5 5 30
A) - B) - C) D)
10 5 5 10
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

144) If a projectile is fired at an angle and initial velocity v, then the horizontal distance traveled by the 144)
1 2
projectile is given by D = v sin cos . Express D as a function of 2 .
16
1 2 1 2
A) D = v cos 2 B) D = v sin 2
16 8
1 2 1 2
C) D = v sin 2 D) D = v sin 2
16 32
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

1 + cos 2x
145) =? 145)
sin 2x
A) sin2 x B) tan x C) cot x D) cos2 x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

146) sin2 x + sin x = 0 146)
2 3 4 5 5
A) 0, , , B) 0, , C) 0, , , D) 0, , ,
3 3 2 3 3 3 3
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
37
147) cos 6x + cos 4x 147)
A) 2 sin 5x sin x B) 2 cos 5x sin x C) 2 cos 5x D) 2 cos 5x cos x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

148) sin 220° cos 100° - cos 220° sin 100° 148)
11 3 1 3
A) - B) C) - D) -
3 2 2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

149) sin 2x - cot x = ? 149)
A) cot x cos 2x B) cot x cos x C) -cot x cos 2x D) -tan x cos 2x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
20
150) tan = , lies in quadrant III Find sin 2 . 150)
21
840 41 41 840
A) - B) C) - D)
841 841 841 841
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Rewrite the expression as a simplified expression containing one term.

-5 -5 -5 -5
151) sin - cos + + cos - sin + 151)
6 6 6 6
1 3 3 1
A) B) - C) D) -
2 2 2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
38
152) tan ( - x) = ? 152)
4
cos x + sin x cos x - sin x
A) B) -
cos x - sin x cos x + sin x
1 + cos x - sin x cos x - sin x
C) D)
cos x + sin x cos x + sin x
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

153) sin 5x sin 9x 153)
1
A) sin2 45x2 B) (cos 14x - sin 4x)
2
1 1
C) (- cos 4x - cos 14x) D) (cos 4x - cos 14x)
2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

5x 3x
154) cos + cos 154)
2 2
x x
A) 2 sin 2x sin B) 2 sin 2x sin x C) 2 cos 2x D) 2 cos 2x cos
2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

8 3 21
155) tan = , < < ; cos = - , < < Find tan ( + ). 155)
15 2 29 2
475 31 132 132
A) B) C) - D) -
493 95 493 475
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
39
1 - sin x
156) =? 156)
cos x
A) sec x - tan x B) sec x + tan x C) sec x - tan x + 1 D) -sec x - tan x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

157) cos 3x cos 7x 157)
1 1
A) (cos 4x + cos 10x) B) (cos 10x - cos 4x)
2 2
1
C) (cos 10x - sin 4x) D) cos2 13x2
2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

tan 25° + tan 5°
158) 158)
1 - tan 25° tan 5°
1 3
A) B) 3 C) D) 2
2 3
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

159) (sin x - cos x)2 = ? 159)
A) 1 + cos 2x B) 1 - sin 2x C) 1 - cos 2x D) sin 2x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
40
160) cos (x - ) = cos x 160)
3
A) 0 B) C) D) -
2 2 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3 3
161) cos 3x cos x + sin 3x sin x = ? 161)
2 2
9 9
A) y = sin y = cos x B) y = cos y = cos x
2 2
3 3
C) y = sin y = cos x D) y = cos x
2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

162) The sound produced by touching each button on a touch-tone phone is described by 162)
y = sin 2 lt + sin 2 ht
where l and h are the low and high frequencies (cycles per second) in the figure shown.
Use a calculator to find the graph of the sound emitted by touching the # key in a [0, 0.01, 0.001] by
[-2, 2, 1] viewing rectangle.
41
A) B)
C) D)
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
163) sin 4x + sin 6x = sin 9x 163)
A) B) 0 C) 2 D)
2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

164) sin (215° - 95°) 164)
43 3 1 3
A) - B) C) - D) -
12 2 2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
42
1.
165) 3 sin2 x cos2 x 165)
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
A) - cos 2x B) - cos 4x C) - cos 4x D) sin 2x
8 8 8 8 4 4 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1
166) sin = , lies in quadrant I Find sin . 166)
4 2
8 - 2 15 8 + 2 15 6 10
A) B) C) D)
4 4 4 4
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
167) 2 sin 60° cos 60° 167)
1 3 1 3
A) - B) C) D) -
2 2 2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

168) The output voltage for an AC generator is approximated by v = 156 cos (120 t - ). Find the 168)
3
smallest positive value of t for which the output is 146 volts.
A) 0.0037 second B) 0.0074 second C) 0.0027 second D) 0.0084 second
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
43
169) cos - 169)
12 4
1 3 1
A) 1 B) C) D)
4 2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
-3
170) cos x + 1 = sin x, x = 170)
4
A) Yes B) No
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)

171) sin2 x + sin2 x cot2 x = ? 171)
A) cot2 x + 1 B) 1 C) cot2 x - 1 D) sin2 x + 1
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

5
172) sin 172)
12
1 1 1 1
A) - 2- 3 B) - 2+ 3 C) 2+ 3 D) 2- 3
2 2 2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

tan 65° - tan (-55°)
173) 173)
1 + tan 65° tan (-55°)
1 3
A) - 3 B) -2 C) - D) -
2 3
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
44
174) cos 2x - cos 4x 174)
A) 2 sin 3x sin x B) -2 cos 3x sin x C) cos (-2x) D) -2 sin 3x sin x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

175) 2 cos2 x + sin x - 2 = 0 175)
3 2 5 5 2
A) , , , B) 0, , , C) , D) ,
2 2 3 3 6 6 6 6 3 3
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

cos ( - )
176) =? 176)
cos cos
A) 1 + cot cot B) 1 + cot tan
C) tan tan + cot D) 1 + tan tan
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

177) sin 7x cos 4x 177)
1
A) sin (cos 28x2 ) B) (sin 11x + cos 3x)
2
1 1
C) (cos 11x - cos 3x) D) (sin 11x + sin 3x)
2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
45
7x 3x
178) sin + sin 178)
2 2
5x 5x
A) 2 sin cos x B) 2 cos 5x sin x C) 2 sin 5x D) 2 sin sin x
2 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

179) csc2 x sec x = ? 179)
A) sec x + csc x B) sec x + csc x cot x
C) csc x cot x - sec x D) sec x - csc x cot x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

180) sec2 x - 2 = tan2 x 180)
A) B) C) D) no solution
4 3 6
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Fill in the blank using the word product, sum, quotient, or difference.
1
181) The formula sin cos = [sin ( + ) + sin ( - )] can be used to change a of 181)
2
a sine and a cosine into the of two sine expressions.
A) product, difference B) product, sum
C) quotient, sum D) quotient, difference
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
46
182) sin 2x + sin x = 0 182)
9 3 5 7 2 4
A) , B) , , , C) 0, , , D) no solution
8 8 4 4 4 4 3 3
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

183) cos (45° + 60°) 183)
2( 3 + 1) 2( 3 + 1) 2( 3 - 1) 2( 3 - 1)
A) B) - C) D) -
4 4 4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1.
184) cos4 x 184)
2 - 4 cos 2x + cos 4x 3 + 2 cos 2x + cos 4x
A) B)
8 8
3 - 4 cos 2x + cos 4x 3 + 4 cos 2x + cos 4x
C) D)
8 8
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

sin 5x + sin 9x
185) =? 185)
cos 5x + cos 9x
A) 2 tan 7x tan 2x B) tan 7x cot 2x C) tan 7x D) tan 5x + tan 9x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
47
Use a calculator to solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ). Round to the nearest hundredth of a radian.
186) sin 2x + sin x = 0 186)
A) 0, 2.09, 4.19 B) 0, 1.05, 3.14, 5.24
C) 1.05, 3.14, 5.24 D) 0, 2.09, 3.14, 4.19
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

187) tan 2x - tan x = 0 187)
2 7 7 13 5
A) 0 B) , , , , , ,
12 6 3 12 6 12 3
5
C) , D) 0,
4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

188) tan x(cot x - cos x) = ? 188)
A) - sec2 x B) 1 C) 1 - sin x D) 0
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

189) tan 112.5° 189)
A) 2 - 1 B) - 2 + 1 C) 2 + 1 D) - 2 - 1
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
190) cos x = 0.81 190)
A) 0.63, 2.51 B) 0.63, 3.77 C) 0.63, 2.20 D) 0.63, 5.65
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
48
sin2 x
191) 1 - =? 191)
1 + cos x
A) cot x B) 0 C) cos x D) tan x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

192) cos 6x cos 5x 192)
1
A) (cos x + cos 11x) B) cos2 30x2
2
1 1
C) (cos 11x - sin x) D) (cos 11x - cos x)
2 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
193) cos 3x + cos 8x = 2 cos 5x cos x 193)
A) B) 0 C) -2 D) 2
4
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

194) sin 6x - sin 2x 194)
A) 2 cos 2x cos 4x B) 2 sin 2x cos 4x C) 2 sin 4x cos 2x D) 2 sin 2x
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

195) cos 285° 195)
2( 3 - 1) 2( 3 - 1)
A) - 2( 3 + 1) B) - 2( 3 - 1) C) - D)
4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
49
3
196) sin = - , lies in quadrant IV Find sin . 196)
5 2
5 10 5 30
A) B) C) - D) -
5 10 5 10
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

1 2
197) The range r of a projectile is given by r = v sin 2 , where v is the initial velocity and is the 197)
32
angle of elevation. If r is to be 10,000 ft and v = 3000 ft/sec, what must the angle of elevation be?
Give your answer in degrees to the nearest hundredth.
A) 2.04° B) 1.02° C) 88.98° D) 1.43°
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1.
198) cos3 x 198)
3 1 3 1
A) cos x + cos 3x + cos 2x B) cos x + cos 3x
4 4 4 4
3 1 3 1
C) cos x - cos 3x - cos 2x D) cos x - cos 3x
4 4 4 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

199) cos 10x - cos 4x 199)
A) 2 cos 3x B) 2 cos 7x cos 3x C) -2 sin 7x sin 3x D) -2 cos 7x sin 3x
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
50
200) sin2 x - cos2 x = 0 200)
3 5 7
A) B) , , , C) , D) ,
4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 6
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

201) -tan2 x sin x = -tan2 x 201)
A) 0, B) , 2 C) 0, D) ,
2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Solve the problem.

t
202) A coil of wire rotating in a magnetic field induces a voltage given by e = 20 sin ( - ), where t is 202)
4 2
time in seconds. Find the smallest positive time to produce a voltage of 10 3.
A) 3.33 seconds B) 3.33 seconds C) 3 seconds D) 3 seconds
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

203) sin 245° cos 5° - cos 245° sin 5° 203)
3 3 1 49
A) B) - C) - D) -
2 2 2 12
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
51
5 8
204) sin = , 0 < < ; cos = , 0< < Find tan ( + ). 204)
13 2 17 2
21 220 220 171
A) B) C) D)
221 21 221 221
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
205) cos2 15° - sin2 15° 205)
3 3 1 1
A) - B) C) D) -
2 2 2 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

206) cos 2x = 2 - cos 2x 206)
2 4 3 5 7
A) 0, , , B) , , ,
3 3 4 4 4 4
7 9 15
C) , , , D) no solution
8 8 8 8
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
6
207) csc = - , tan > 0 Find cos . 207)
5 2
6 + 11 11 18 - 3 11 18 + 3 11
A) - B) C) - D)
12 12 6 6
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
52
Identify and in the following expression which is the right side of the formula for cos ( - ).
208) cos cos + sin sin 208)
12 4 12 4
A) = , =- B) = , =
12 4 4 12
C) = , = D) =- , =
12 4 4 12
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Fill in the blank using the word product, sum, quotient, or difference.
+ -
209) The formula cos - cos = -2 sin sin can be used to change a of two cosines 209)
2 2
into the of two sine expressions.
A) difference, quotient B) sum, quotient
C) sum, product D) difference, product
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

tan 175° - tan 55°
210) 210)
1 + tan 175° tan 55°
1 3
A) - B) - 3 C) -2 D) -
2 3
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

211) 8 sin x cos3 x + 8 sin3 x cos x = ? 211)
A) 4 sin 2x B) 4 cos x C) 4 sin x D) 4 cos 2x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
53
Use a graph in a [-2 , 2 , ] by [-3, 3, 1] viewing rectangle to complete the identity.
2
x
2 tan
2
212) =? 212)
x
1 + tan2
2
A) cos x B) 2 cos x - 1 C) sin x D) sin x + 1
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

213) cos (155°) cos (35°) + sin (155°) sin (35°) 213)
3 1
A) -2 B) - 3 C) - D) -
2 2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3
214) cos 2x = 214)
2
3 11
A) B) ,
2 6 6
11 13 23
C) , , , D)
12 12 12 12 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3
215) cos = - , lies in quadrant III Find cos . 215)
5 2
30 30 5 5
A) - B) C) D) -
10 10 5 5
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
54
216) sin x = 0.29 216)
A) 0.29, 5.99 B) 0.29, 1.86 C) 0.29, 3.43 D) 0.29, 2.85
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

csc x cot x
217) =? 217)
sec x
A) cot2 x B) 1 C) sec2 x D) csc2 x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

218) sin 3x = 0 218)
3 5 7 2 4 5
A) , , , B) 0, , , , , ,2
4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3
9
C) , D) no solution
8 8
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

sin x + cos x cos x - sin x
219) - =? 219)
sin x cos x
A) sec x csc x B) 2 - sec x csc x C) 1 - sec x csc x D) 2 + sec x csc x
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

220) cos (265° - 25°) 220)
53 3 1 3
A) - B) - C) - D)
12 2 2 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
55
221) Find sin 2 . 221)
5
3
4
24 7 7 8
A) B) C) - D)
25 25 25 25
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
21
222) cos = , lies in quadrant IV Find sin 2 . 222)
29
840 840 41 41
A) B) - C) - D)
841 841 841 841
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

223) cos x = sin x 223)
5 3 5 3 7 7
A) , B) , C) , D) ,
4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
56
sec2 x csc x
224) =? 224)
sec2 x + csc2 x
A) cos x B) csc x C) sin x D) sec x

Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

225) cos 10° cos 50° - sin 10° sin 50° 225)
1 3 1
A) 3 B) C) D)
2 2 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

226) csc5 x - 4 csc x = 0 226)
5 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 7
A) , , , B) , , , C) , , , D) , , ,
4 4 3 3 4 4 6 6 4 4 3 6 4 4 4 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
57
Answer Key
Testname: C6
1 1 - sin2 u cos2 u cos u

1) csc u - sin u = - sin u = = = cos u · = cos u cot u
sin u sin u sin u sin u
sin 1 1
2) tan · csc = · = = sec
cos sin cos
x+y x-y x-y
2 cos cos cos
cos x + cos y 2 2 2 x-y
3) = = = cot
sin x - sin y x-y x+y x-y 2
2 sin cos sin
2 2 2
4) cos ( - ) - cos ( + ) = cos cos + sin sin - ( cos cos - sin sin ) = 2 sin sin .
5) cos 4 = cos[2(2 )] = 2 cos2 (2 ) - 1
1
6) (1 + tan2 u)(1 - sin2 u) = sec2 u · cos2 u = · cos2 u = 1
cos2 u
7) sin ( + ) - sin ( - ) = sin cos + cos sin - sin cos + cos sin = 2 cos sin .
1 - cos 2x
8) tan 2 x (1 + cos 2x) = (1 + cos 2x) = 1 - cos 2x
1 + cos 2x
9) cos x + = cos x cos - sin x sin = (cos x)(0) - (sin x)(1) = - sin x.
2 2 2
cos 1 1
10) cot · sec = · = = csc
sin cos sin
sin2 x
11) 1 + sec2 x sin2 x = 1 + = 1 + tan2 x = sec2 x.
cos2 x
12) sin - = sin cos - cos sin = (-1) · cos - 0 · sin = - cos
2 2 2
- + - +
2 sin cos sin cos
sin - sin 2 2 2 2 - +
13) = = · = tan cot
sin + sin + - - + 2 2
2 sin cos cos sin
2 2 2 2
14) cos - = cos cos + sin sin = 0 · cos - 1 · sin = - sin

2 2 2
15) sin 4t = sin [2(2t)] = 2 sin2t cos2t.
16) sin( - ) cos ( + ) = (sin cos - cos sin )(cos cos - sin sin )
= sin cos cos2 - sin2 cos sin - cos2 sin cos + cos sin sin2
= sin cos (cos2 + sin2 ) - sin cos (sin2 + cos2 ) = sin cos - sin cos
cos( + ) cos cos - sin sin cos cos sin sin cos sin
17) = = - = - = cot - tan
cos sin cos sin cos sin cos sin sin cos
sin (( /2) + x) sin ( /2) cos x + sin x cos ( /2) 1 · cos x + sin x · 0
18) tan +x = = = = -cot x.
2 cos (( /2) + x) cos ( /2) cos x - sin ( /2) sin x 0 · cos x - 1 · sin x
1
19) csc2 u - cos u sec u = csc2u - cos u · = csc2 u - 1 = cot2 u
cos u
tan x - tan /4 tan x - 1
20) tan x - = = .
4 1 + (tan x)(tan /4) 1 + tan x
21) cot 2 x + csc 2 x = csc 2 x - 1 + csc 2 x = 2 csc 2 x - 1.
22) D
58
Answer Key
Testname: C6
23) C
24) D
25) B
26) C
27) B
28) B
29) D
30) B
31) C
32) B
33) D
34) A
35) C
36) D
37) C
38) C
39) D
40) B
41) D
42) A
43) C
44) B
45) B
46) B
47) A
48) D
49) D
50) B
51) A
52) C
53) B
54) D
55) D
56) B
57) D
58) C
59) D
60) C
61) D
62) B
63) B
64) C
65) A
66) A
67) A
68) A
69) B
70) C
71) D
72) B
59
Answer Key
Testname: C6
73) A
74) B
75) C
76) B
77) A
78) B
79) C
80) A
81) C
82) D
83) C
84) A
85) C
86) D
87) D
88) D
89) B
90) C
91) C
92) B
93) B
94) B
95) B
96) A
97) B
98) D
99) B
100) C
101) B
102) A
103) D
104) C
105) B
106) A
107) A
108) A
109) B
110) A
111) D
112) C
113) A
114) C
115) D
116) A
117) D
118) A
119) D
120) B
121) D
122) C
60
Answer Key
Testname: C6
123) D
124) C
125) B
126) D
127) C
128) C
129) A
130) C
131) C
132) D
133) D
134) B
135) B
136) A
137) B
138) C
139) B
140) D
141) A
142) C
143) C
144) D
145) C
146) B
147) D
148) B
149) C
150) D
151) C
152) D
153) D
154) D
155) D
156) A
157) A
158) C
159) B
160) A
161) D
162) B
163) A
164) B
165) B
166) A
167) B
168) A
169) C
170) B
171) B
172) C
61
Answer Key
Testname: C6
173) A
174) A
175) B
176) D
177) D
178) A
179) B
180) D
181) B
182) C
183) D
184) D
185) C
186) D
187) D
188) C
189) D
190) D
191) C
192) A
193) A
194) B
195) D
196) B
197) B
198) B
199) C
200) B
201) C
202) A
203) B
204) B
205) B
206) C
207) C
208) C
209) D
210) B
211) A
212) C
213) D
214) C
215) D
216) D
217) A
218) B
219) A
220) C
221) A
222) B
62
Answer Key
Testname: C6
223) A
224) C
225) B
226) D
63
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
'That!' replied the boss, 'that is just—well, let me see, a colt I want you to
break; a child I want you to nurse, Dick,' replied Nares.
'Nuss? I'll nuss him,' growled the old man. 'We don't want no loafers up at
Rosebud.'
Poor Snap coloured up to his eyes, but felt more comfortable as Nares
gave him a wink and a hand-up into the cart.
'Now then, air you fixed behind?' cried Dick.
'We are,' replied Nares.
'Then git,' yelled his foreman, bringing his whip across his horses' flanks,
and for the next five minutes Snap and Nares, and the boxes, bags, &c., of
each of them, bounded about like parched peas in a pan.
As the old man gradually steadied his horses to a trot, he turned round
with a grin.
'That's pretty well sorted you, I reckon,' said he, 'and may be took the first
coat off your tender-foot's hide.'
Luckily for the tender-foot (our friend Snap), it is one of the laws of
nature that, given a lot of objects of various weights shaken up together, the
lightest invariably comes to the top. During the last five minutes he had
varied his seat frequently from the uncompromising corner of a trunk to the
yielding and comfortable person of the burly Nares, from whose waistcoat
(being of a pliant and springy character) the next bump would have removed
him to a seat upon the prairie. Luckily, that bump never came.
Mile after mile of prairie rolled by, yellow where the snow (very thin
hereabouts) left it uncovered, and apparently too sterile to feed a goat.
Further on it improved, and great tufts of golden bunch grass showed
through the thin sprinkling of snow, and here and there a sage-hen fluttered
up or a jack rabbit scuttled away.
About noon our friends crossed a river, on the further side of which were
the feeding-lands of Nares's ranche. Some miles again from the river was a
range of low rolling hills and broken lands, the shelter provided by Nature
for the beasts of the field against blizzards and snowstorms. Nares used to
boast his ranche had every advantage obtainable in America—plenty of
water, river-lands to cut hay upon for winter feed, hills and broken land for
shelter in storm-time, and a railway handy to take produce to market. There
are very few such ranches nowadays in America, as even its great prairies
are not boundless—a fact much overlooked by its go-ahead citizens.
'I reckon the cows sold pretty well, boss, this year,' suggested the old man
when he had unhitched the team and kindled a bit of a fire for lunch.
'Yes, they sold well, Wharton, and none of them got damaged on the way
down. There won't be much to do on the ranche now till spring,' added
Nares.
'Guess that's why you're bringing an extra hand along,' snapped the old
man. 'Why! Jeehoshaphat! what's the matter with you now?' he shouted.
Poor Snap had tried first one side of the fire, then the other, with an equal
want of success. On one side the smoke nearly choked and blinded him, on
the other worse things awaited him. A blanket, which just accommodated
'the boss' and Wharton, was stretched on the windward side of the fire. With
a weary sigh Snap threw himself down beside it. With a yell of pain he
bounded up again, holding first one foot, then the other, in the air, and all the
time applying his hands sorrowfully to the softest part of his person. The old
foreman had laid a trap for the tender-foot, and he had sat upon it, the 'it'
being a bed of what the natives call prickly pears, a peculiarly vicious kind
of cactus about the size of a small potato, which unobserved spreads all over
the ground, and sends its long thin spines through everything which presses
upon them. When, at last, the good-natured Nares understood his friend's
sorrows, and had managed to stop laughing, he gave Snap a place on the
blanket, and, turning him over on his face, proceeded tenderly to pluck him.
It is no fun to be converted at a moment's notice into a well-filled
pincushion.
At lunch Nares told old Wharton the story of the maniac-hunt recorded in
the last chapter. As he told the story of little Madge's danger and salvation
Wharton's eyes wandered from 'the boss' to the boy beside him. At last,
when the story was over, he sighed softly 'Jee-hosh-a-phat.' Then he rolled
his quid and expectorated. Then he got up and held out his great fist to Snap
with these words, 'Say! were them pears prickly? Well, never mind. I guess
you needn't sit on no more now. I'm a-gwine to be your "miss," Britisher;'
and it is only fair to add, the old man kept his word.
An hour or two afterwards Nares and Snap got out at Rosebud, and our
hero entered his new home, a big one-storied house built of rough logs
dovetailed into each other, the cracks filled up with moss and covered over
with clay. Indoors, the floor was covered with skins. On the walls were
antlers of deer and wapiti and mountain sheep, from which hung half a
dozen rifles, hunting-knives, &c. There was a bench or two about the place,
a big table, at one end a huge open stove, and along the walls were ranged a
dozen shelves or bunks not unlike those you see on board ship. A small
room opened off from the main apartment, and in this Nares himself slept
and kept his accounts. Outside were some few smaller buildings—a cook-
house, a forge, and so on. A huge piece of land enclosed with rough timber
fencing ran alongside the house. This was a corral for horses or weak cattle.
A smaller corral for horses likely to be wanted at a short notice also adjoined
the ranche.
'Now, Snap,' said Nares, 'this is Rosebud. Rosy enough for a worker, what
we call a "rustler" out here, but not a bed of roses for a loafer. There's your
bunk when you are up here, but I expect you'll be wanted out on the feeding-
grounds most of your time. Anyhow, for the first day or two you can help me
with the books, and try your hand at the cooking.'
So Snap tried his hand at bread-making and failed; flour and water won't
make bread of themselves, and, even when you have made your dough, if
you don't flour your hands the compound will stick to them. However, old
Wharton set the boy right and gave him the soup to look after.
'Put some salt in it,' said the old chap, 'you'll find it in a tin up there,'
pointing to a shelf over his head. 'You'd better just taste it to see as you get it
right. The boys don't like no fooling with their broth.'
So Snap got down the tin and put a couple of spoonfuls into the broth and
tasted it; two more, and tasted again; and still the compound did not seem
salt enough.
'I say, Wharton,' said Snap, after tasting the salt itself, 'this is very weak
salt of yours.'
'Guess it is,' replied the old man, 'table-salt the boss calls it; I call it jist
rubbish. But never mind, shove in the lot if it don't taste strong enough.' So
in it went, and Snap stirred vigorously, added some onions, and himself
looked forward to a share of his chef d'œuvre.
By-and-by the 'boys' trooped in, tall, bronzed fellows in great wideawake
hats, loose shirts, and huge spurs. Each brought his saddle with him and
chucked it into a corner as he entered. 'How do, boss?' they remarked; 'How
do, Wharton?' and then most of them added, staring at Snap, 'Why, who the
deuce are you anyway?' This question having been satisfactorily answered,
all sat down to food, and Snap thought he had never seen such a rapid and
wholesale consumption of meat and drink in his life.
'Where are the rest of the boys?' asked Nares of one of the three who had
come in.
'Gone after a band of cattle which we found after you left, boss. I guess
we'll have 'em in to-morrow. There are several want branding: one old scrub
bull in partickler.'
'Yes,' added another, 'and I'm thinking he'll go on wanting for some time
yet. You can't hold him with any ropes on this ranche.'
Gradually even the cowboys' appetites seemed satisfied, and one by one
they stretched themselves out on rugs by the fire, and puffed away silently at
their pipes. They were long thin men for the most part, and tightly belted at
the waist.
'Mighty good soup that to-day,' said one.
'Glad you liked it,' said Snap proudly; 'I made that. I don't think it was
bad for a first attempt.'
'Satisfying, anyhow,' said Nares, 'I never felt so full before.'

'Yes, I'm full up,' added someone else, and then silence again ensued for a
space. Presently there was a crack and the tinkle of falling brass, and a
button flew on to the hearth.
'Bless me,' cried old Dick Wharton, 'if I don't feel as if I was getting fuller
every minute.' This seemed to be the general feeling; even Snap shared it.
'Why, what in thunder's the matter?' cried Frank Atkins, leanest and
hardest of hard riders. 'This yere belt has gone round me with six holes to
spare these two years, and now it won't meet by an inch.'
It certainly was odd. They had sat down like Pharaoh's lean cattle, they
had risen like his fat cattle, and they had gone on 'rising' ever since, until
now they were all portly as aldermen. Suddenly a light dawned upon
Wharton.
'Say, boy, what did you put in that broth?'
'Nothing,' said Snap, 'except salt and onions.'
'Where did you get that salt?'
'Why, out of the tin over your head,' said Snap.
'This 'un, eh?' inquired the old man, holding up a small round tin.
'Yes, that's it.'
'Wal,' said the old man slowly, 'I've heerd of Houses of Parliament being
blowed up by dynamite, but I never heerd tell of a ranche being bust up by
Borwick's baking-powder afore!'
CHAPTER X
AFTER SCRUB CATTLE
That first night Snap was glad enough to get to bed. Not that he was
sleepy; on the contrary, tired out as he was, he was preternaturally
wideawake. Everything was so new to him, and, besides, that horrible
Borwick was still an unquiet spirit within him. The cowboys of the North-
West are probably the only possible rivals to the ostrich in the matter of
digestion still extant. Like the ostrich, they could safely dine on door-nails
and sup on soda-water bottles, so that they had already forgotten Borwick
and were snoring peacefully. Snap wished he could imitate them. The bed in
which he found himself combined all the advantages of a bed and a
thermometer. Founded upon pine boards, it consisted of five pairs of
blankets. In summer heat you slept on one blanket out of doors. In temperate
weather you slept under one indoors. As it grew colder the number of
blankets above you increased, until four above (with a buffalo-robe) and one
below indicated blizzards and frostbite on the prairie.
It seemed to Snap that just as he was going off to sleep someone struck a
match, lit a pipe, and then began lighting the fire. This was old Wharton, but
he let the boy lie (being a charitable old soul) until he roused him up with:
'Now, lazybones, you can wash in the crik outside if you've a mind to,
only breakfast is ready.'
Snap hopped out of his blankets and ran down to the crik, although no
one else seemed to care about it, and so biting was the cold that he felt it
would have been worth his last dollar to be allowed to take a hand at the
wood-chopping going on outside. The worst of it was that he couldn't chop
'worth a cent,' as big Frank Atkins informed him, and indeed, although he hit
the log all over and with every part of the axe, it seemed even to Snap that he
made very small progress. The sense of his own uselessness was getting
absolutely oppressive to the boy as it was borne in upon him more and more
that even cooking, chopping, and such like, want learning, and don't come
naturally to any of us.
Breakfast was a short ceremony—bacon and jam—'trapper's jam,' that is,

made from bacon grease and a spoonful of brown sugar, washed down with
a huge draught of weak tea. After this everyone lit his pipe, and old
Wharton, turning to Snap, said:
'You may as well go along with the boys to meet Tony and the rest with
them scrub cattle. They're a bit short-handed, and I can't go myself; the boss
will be making things hum here up at the ranche for the next day or two.'
A few minutes later Atkins came up with a dun-coloured pony, 'a

buckskin' he called it.
'Theer,' said Wharton, 'if I'm your nuss, Shaver, that theer's your cradle;
and you'd better get in right now.'
There was a grin on everyone's face, but Snap, though afraid of being
laughed at, was afraid of nothing else, and had ridden a little since he was a
very small boy, so he climbed unhesitatingly into the great cowboy saddle.
As he did so his amiable 'Cradle' laid back her ears, and tried to get hold of
his toe in her teeth. Being frustrated in this, she curled herself into a hoop,
and began to 'reverse' as the waltzers call it. Then she stood still and waited.
Atkins threw himself into the saddle and cracked his whip, Snap touched his
mare with the spurs, and then the Cradle began what Wharton called
'rocking,' i.e. bucking, in a way that only prairie-reared horses understand.
To his credit be it said, Snap sat tight for the first 'buck,' at the second he
went up into very high latitudes with his legs almost round his horse's neck,
at the third he 'came south,' reposing gracefully on the buckskin's quarters
like a costermonger on his 'moke,' while at the fourth he sat promptly down
upon the prairie, from whence he watched 'that cayouse' finish her
performance by herself. When Atkins and Wharton and the rest had finished
laughing, which took longer than finishing breakfast, they picked up the
crest-fallen Snap and put him upon a quieter beast.
'That's one of yourn too,' laughed Wharton; 'you'd better have the six
buckskins for your string, my lad, but I'd keep old White-foot just for
Sundays or any time as you feel lonesome and want amusement.'
Snap didn't reply, but thought to himself that if indeed the six horses in
the little corral were set aside for his use, it should not be long before he was
master of the good-looking, bad-tempered brute which had just grassed him
so ignominiously.
'Not hurted much, are you, young 'un?' asked Atkins.
'No.'
'That's right, let's get,' and, so saying, Atkins led off at a canter, Snap's
new steed following at a gait easy as a rocking-chair.
The early morning is always the very best of the day, even in our
begrimed and foggy English cities; on the plains of the North-West the
morning air is as exhilarating as champagne. Every living thing feels and
acknowledges the influence of the young day. Horses toss their heads and
strain their strong muscles in a glorious 'breather' without encouragement
from the rider, while the rider feels his blood racing through his veins, his
heart beating, his brain quick and clear, and the whole man full of
unconscious thankfulness to God for the delight of merely living. All that
day Atkins and Snap rode towards and through the foot-hills, and at night
camped where someone had evidently camped not long ago. Being handy
and anxious to learn, Snap soon made friends with his companion, found the
poles on which the last wanderers had hung a blanket in lieu of a tent, found
some wood for firing, fetched the water for the billy, and learned how to
hobble the horses.
That night he felt, as he watched the stars through the tops of the big bull-
pines, he had really begun life out west, and might after all learn to hold his
own with the strong men round him. It was an improvement on the night
before, when everything seemed very hopeless and strange.
Early on the second morning, Atkins and Snap heard a distant roaring in
the hills. Snap's thoughts at once reverted to bears and suchlike beasts, and
foolishly he gave utterance to his thoughts. Atkins laughed heartily.
'No, no, them's the cows a-coming. Didn't you know as we were near
them last night?'
'Not I,' said Snap; 'how did you know?'

'I heerd 'em just afore we camped, but I knew if we'd kep' on we shouldn't
have struck 'em till after dark, so I guessed we'd just camp by ourselves.'
By-and-by the lowing of the beasts, which the winding glens and
resounding woods had so magnified and distorted to Snap's ears, came quite
close, and Atkins told him to come 'well off the track, in here among the
bull-pines, and light down, hold your horse, and for goodness' sake hold
your jaw, for if old Tony hears you speak he'll not stop swearing till he has
cussed all the breath out of his body.' So Snap 'lit down' and held his tongue,
and presently he started as he found a pair of big brown eyes fastened on
him from the bush by his side. Then there was a little frightened snort, the
first sound he had heard; a beast's tail was whisked in the air, and with a
plunge half a dozen, mostly yearlings, crashed past him parallel to the trail.
It took nearly half an hour for the whole band, nearly sixty all told, to
straggle past, feeding as they went, and it entered into Snap's mind to
wonder how anyone ever heard or saw a real wild beast if these half-tame
parti-coloured oxen could go so quietly through brush and timber.
Last of all came the drivers; three cowboys they would have been called,
though Snap thought the term 'boy' fitted them as badly as 'cow' fitted at
least one-half of the stock in front of them. Still, on a cattle range all bulls,
however old and fierce, are 'cows' to the end of their days, and all those who
deal with them 'boys,' no matter how grey their hair.
That night Snap had his first turn of what he considered 'active service,'
being told off to keep the cattle together for the first half of the night,
another man lending him a hand to prevent accidents. Although ordered so
peremptorily to keep his mouth shut on the trail, lest the sound of a strange
voice should scare the beasts, he was now told that he had better sing or
shout from time to time, letting the beasts hear his voice, the human voice
seeming to inspire them with a certain amount of confidence.
Snap found it necessary to sing or do something of that sort for other

reasons as he led his horse about or rode him slowly on his solitary rounds.
After such a day as he had had his eyes were more inclined to sleep than
watch, and he envied the drowsy cattle as one by one they lay down with a
contented 'ouf' upon the prairie. At last all the great shadows had sunk down
to rest, and all you could see in the starlight was an indistinct dark mass
upon the prairie. From time to time a shadow would appear a hundred yards
or so outside the group, moving silently and slowly away. Quick as thought,
when this occurred, another shadow (Snap's companion) would dash from
his post and turn back the truant, feeding away from his companions, to the
rest he had deserted. Snap soon learnt the game, and was getting very
interested in it, when suddenly he noticed all the shadows move then rise to
their feet, and, before even his galloping companion in the night-watch could
get near them, they were dashing in wild, headlong flight into the darkness.
'Wake the boys and follow,' roared his companion, vanishing into the
darkness after the flying beasts, and like a dream herd and herdsmen were
gone, and Snap left alone. The 'boys' didn't need much waking. By the time
Snap was at the camp they were up, and in an incredibly short time their
horses were caught and saddled, and they were galloping after the panic-
stricken beasts.
'What stampeded them, rot them?' asked Atkins as he tightened his girths.
'I don't know; they were still as stones one moment and gone the next,'
answered Snap.
'Bar! I reckon,' growled another cowboy; 'there always are bar about this
forsaken camp.'
'You stay here till we come back, and if we aren't back by to-morrow
noon make tracks for Rosebud,' shouted Atkins as he galloped off, leaving
Snap alone in camp without an idea where Rosebud was or how he was ever
going to get there.
However, as there was nothing to be done, he had a look first to see if his
horse was all right, and then, being reassured upon that point, kicked the
embers of the camp fire into a blaze, put the frying-pan, with some cold
bacon in it, left over from supper, somewhere handy for breakfast, and lay
down in his rugs. In five minutes he had forgotten his loneliness, and was in
as sweet a sleep as innocence and hard work ever won for a weary mortal. It
was almost dawn when he woke with a start, hearing his buckskin snorting
and crashing about in the bushes close to him. As he jumped to his feet he
heard the frying-pan rattle, and as he glanced in that direction he saw a huge,
heavy beast slope off into the forest. I say 'slope' advisedly, although it is
slang. What a bear does, I suppose, is to gallop, but that word gives you an
idea of great speed, which would be wrong. If I had said 'canter,' the graceful
pace of a lady's hack is at once conjured up before your mind's eye, and
there is very little grace in Bruin's movements. He doesn't trot, and he only
'shuffles' when he is walking. If I had said 'roll,' which in some degree
describes his action, the word would not have necessarily implied the use of
feet at all, so I must stick, please, to 'slope,' as being the best word to express
the smooth, quiet way which a bear has of conveying himself with a certain
rapidity out of harm's way.
The light was very dim, as the time was that mysterious season between
midnight and dawn, and Snap knew very little about rifles, but, being
thoroughly English, without counting the cost he snatched up a Winchester
repeating rifle, and proceeded to 'pump lead' at the vanishing bear as long as
he could see him. Then all was still again, and remained so until two cheeky
little 'robber-birds,' in coats of grey and black, came hopping round the dead
embers with their heads on one side, complaining noisily that the upturned
frying-pan was quite empty. Snap, too, was sorry for this, and wished that he
had interrupted Bruin a little earlier in his midnight pilfering.
When the dawn had fully come, and the great red sun was climbing up
into the heavens, the boy went to look at the bear's tracks. Later on, when he
had learnt some of the secrets of wood-craft, those tracks would have been
plain enough to him—a story written in large print, which he could easily
read from his saddle. Now, groping about with his nose almost on the
ground, he could not make much of them, and hardly knew the bear's tracks
from his pony's. At last (and not very far from the camp fire) Snap came
upon a great splash of blood. Even he (inexperienced though he was)
understood this, and rightly concluded that the bear was hit. 'A deuced lucky
fluke,' he said to himself honestly enough, as he went back to the fireside,
his eyes brightening, as far away on the plain outside the clump of bull-pines
he saw two of the cowboys cantering towards him. They were soon
alongside and listened to his story, after which they went to look at the
tracks.
'Wal,' said one, 'you've got the right sort o' grit, lad, but it's tarnation
lucky for you that that bar as you shot at warn't the critter as stampeded them
cows last night.'
'Why?' asked Snap.
'Why? wal,' replied the cowboy, 'them tracks is the tracks of a black bar,
and they ain't of no account. The bar as stampeded them cattle last night was
a grizzly, and if you'd happened to take it into your head to do a little rifle-
shooting at him with that thing—wal! you wouldn't have been here this
morning.'
CHAPTER XI
BRINGING HOME THE BEAR
'I reckon you mout as weel go along o' the boy and fetch in that "bar,"'
said old Tony to Atkins. 'I guess he won't travel far, by the froth in the
blood.'
'Right, pard,' replied Atkins; 'come along, Snap, and leave your horse
with the boys.'
Snap did as he was bid, and strode manfully after Atkins into the bush,
although, from the unusual amount of riding which he had done lately, he
was 'as stiff as starch' as he expressed it. Moreover, although he had simply
to follow Atkins, whilst Atkins had to find and follow the trail which Snap
had long since lost, he found it impossible to keep pace with the cowboy, or
in any way to imitate the long, silent stride of that worthy. Snap's pace was
neither swift nor silent, and I regret to say he very soon became furiously hot
and desperately angry. It did not seem to matter how much he tried to avoid
them, his shin was always coming in contact with dead logs over which the
luxuriant ferns had grown in summer. At every stride he trod upon a dry
twig, which cracked as loudly as a stock whip, and to finish his discomfiture
every hazel in the forest swung back and lashed him across his eyes or nose.
If he kept his temper through all this, he found himself up to his knees in a
bog hole, or a briar tweaked his cap off, or a creeper coiled round his ankle
and let him down with a terrific thump. At last Atkins turned round with a
compassionate grin:
'You ain't much used to "still-hunting," shaver; suppose you just wait here
awhile, and I'll go on and see if that "bar" of yourn has any travelling left in
him.'
Snap did not much relish the idea, but even he felt that if the bear was to
be approached unawares he, Snap Hales, ought not to be one of the stalking
party. So he sat down on a log and wondered how long it would be before he
too would be able to steal swift and silent through the forest, like the tall,
lean figure which had just left him. There is, no doubt, a good deal to annoy
a tender-foot at first in big-game shooting in America. For a grown man to
realise that he has not yet learned to walk is a rather bitter experience, and
yet not one man in a thousand can walk or 'creep' decently to game in timber,
even after a good many seasons' experience.
Though not nearly as cold on the Rosebud as it had been in that other
forest, in which Snap passed a night a week previously, our hero was
beginning to feel quite 'crisp' about the ears and nose before anything
occurred to break the monotony of his watch.
Listening intently, every sound in the forest came clearly to his ears. The
loud bell-like note of a raven far overhead interested him. He always had
thought at home that a raven had but one note, that hoarse funereal croak
which, together with his colour, has got the bird such a bad name. And yet
here was an unmistakable raven with quite a musical voice! Then a
chipmunk came out of a hole in a log, the very one on which Snap was
sitting, and regarded the intruder rigidly for a good five minutes, after which
the pretty, impertinent little beast poured out a volley of chipmunk
billingsgate at him, and with a whisk of his tail shot back into his house
again. Snap saw the little squirrel-like head peeping at him again and again
after that, curious, apparently, to see the effect of its oratory; but, being a
decent lad, Snap didn't even shy his cap at his pretty reviler. By-and-by Snap
heard a bough swing with a grating sound in the distance, and then, ever so
softly, he heard, 'plod, plod,' 'plod, plod.' He could only just hear it, but he
guessed in a moment whose slow, even tread that must be, and, brave lad as
he was, the blood mounted up into his face, and his heart beat until it
sounded as loud as the old dinner-gong at Fairbury. 'Ah!' he thought, 'Atkins
has put up the bear after all, and here he comes, wounded and desperate,
straight for me.'
So noiselessly that even the chipmunk did not notice him, Snap slipped
off the log and knelt down behind it, resting the barrel of his Winchester on
the log, determined to begin to shoot as soon as the feet of the foe, now
drawing rapidly nearer and nearer, should bring him into an opening
amongst the big trees. Crunch! crunch! came the steps, and Snap's finger
was on the trigger. Next moment a big black mass would push through the
bushes, the report of the rifle would ring out, and then through the smoke
what would Snap see: his first bear rolling on the ground, or a great and
hideous death, all teeth and claws, coming straight at him, rather faster than
the 'Flying Dutchman?'
As these thoughts coursed through his brain, and his heart ached with
suppressed excitement, a voice sang out, 'Halloh, don't you shoot! Bust my
gizzard, why, what in thunder do you take me for?' and the next minute
Atkins, hot and tired, plodded out into the open, and let a great black skin
slide heavily down on to the ground at his feet.
To those who have never had a chance of comparing the footfall of a bear
with that of a man, Snap's mistake may seem ridiculous; but even Atkins,
whose life had been in serious danger, readily forgave the boy, stipulating
only that for the future he should never 'draw a bead until he knew not only
what he was shooting at, but what part of it he was trying to hit.' Many a
grievous accident would be avoided in this way, and not one head of big
game lost per annum by it; for, even if the coat you see passing through the
thick timber be that of a beast of chase, it is almost a certainty that a snap-
shot at it will only end in a useless wound given to some unfortunate hind, or
a scratch with very bad results to the shooter if it happen to be given to a
bad-tempered old grizzly.
If, by ill-luck, the coat is that of a man, it is 'a mountain to a molehill' that
you shoot him dead on the spot. If any boy ever goes big-game shooting
after reading my book, let him take an old hunter's advice, 'Know what you
are shooting at before you shoot.'
'How many times did you shoot at this fellow, Snap?' asked Atkins.
'About three times at him, and twice where I thought he ought to be,'
replied the boy, turning over the skin of his first bear with a loving hand. The
skin was bright and in good order, and the fur deep and thick.
'Well,' laughed Atkins, 'I guess you hit him quite as often as was
necessary, though, according to what you say, you must have missed him
four times. I reckon you must have hit him when you were shooting at the
place where he ought to have been, for the bullet has gone in behind and
travelled all up him. Never mind,' he added, 'it will make a rare good robe
for you this winter!'
'You have had a good tramp, Atkins, let me carry the skin,' said Snap, and
Atkins, with a smile, consented.
'By George,' cried Snap, 'come up. Why, I say! Atkins, I'm bothered if I
can carry it,' and, indeed, as Atkins knew very well, the green skin with the
head on was more than anyone but a strong man could pack with comfort.
However, between them they got it through the timber to the 'crik,' as Tony
called a small stream by which he had tied up their horses.
'But where is Tony,' asked Snap, 'and the cattle?'
'What, the cows, you mean?' asked Atkins.
'Yes.'
'Why, bless my stars, you don't suppose that Tony is such a tarnation fool
as to let them critters stop to smell this here skin, do you? Wait till you see
what our cayouses say to it,' Atkins added. 'Now then, steady, will you,
quietly,' he said, approaching his own pony. 'Here, Snap, get in front of him
and don't let him look round,' he added, and as Snap obeyed him he slipped
the rolled-up skin behind his saddle, lashed it firm into its place, and leapt
into the saddle as with a snort and a bound the pony shook itself free from
Snap's hold.
Then Snap saw some real riding for the first time. Perhaps that pony
never got quite six feet off the ground, and perhaps he had not lunched freely
on earthquakes, but, to see the way in which he performed, you would have
thought so. First, down came his nose between his knees, in spite of his
rider's strong hands and the cruel curb; out went his heels like twin cannon
balls; and away he went over the prairie, travelling apparently all the time on
his forelegs, when he was on the ground at all, which was not often. Really,
it did not seem possible that his limbs should remain united. No muscles,
you would think, could stand the strain of those furious bucks and kicks.
Every moment Snap expected to see the strange figure part in flying
fragments, the legs one way, the body another, and Atkins in a third
direction. But, though for the second time since his arrival upon the prairie
Snap himself got unseated, the cowboy sat tight until he was out of sight of
our hero, who, having luckily stuck to his bridle, managed to recover and
remount his horse, which had become almost as unmanageable as the one
which carried the bear-skin.
Once again in the saddle, Snap made the best of his way after his friend,
and some time before nightfall was agreeably surprised to see the ranche in
the distance. It must be confessed that he had had no idea that he was near
home until he saw the smoke from the ranche chimneys, having been
completely 'turned round' as Yankees say. Atkins had been home some time,
and the skin was pegged out to dry. Old Wharton laughed until his sides
ached at the boy's rueful plight and his very apparent stiffness. 'Ah,' he said,
'I guess the Cradle don't work very easy yet, but my word, boy, if you do
want a donkey to gallop or a cayouse to kick, just you put a carrot in front of
one or a bear-skin behind the other, and you won't have to wait long, you
bet.' In the big corral was a band of about thirty-seven cattle, quite enough
after their long drive, and, as Tony said, 'likely to give anyone a nice day's
work, branding them to-morrow.'
CHAPTER XII
BRANDING THE 'SCRUBBER'
A rancher's life is not an easy one. The hardest work comes in spring and
autumn, when the cattle are 'rounded up,' or gathered together from their
feeding-grounds all over the place, and parcelled out amongst the different
owners. As the great pastures have no fences to mark off one from another,
of course the cattle stray, and the Rosebud herd and the Snake River herd
mix with one another, and with individuals belonging to ranches even more
distant than these. At the great annual round-up a certain number of cowboys
from each ranche in the district meet, and proceed to drive the whole of the
neighbouring ranges, collecting a vast mass of cattle as they go.
Each cowboy has about a dozen ponies with him, and in the work of the
round-up even this large string is very often used up. For horse and man the
work is as severe as human muscle and horseflesh can stand. During the day
the men ride round by the banks of every crik, investigate every quiet glen
among the hills, sweep over the rolling plains, and little by little gather up
the waifs and strays into a huge herd. At night this herd has to be watched, as
well as the big band of horses accompanying it.
From time to time along the route the occurrence of one of the big home
ranches causes a delay. Here a great corral or enclosure of rough logs has
been erected, and smaller pens of a like nature. The whole party camp near
the ranche, and the cattle are herded beside it. In the morning comes the
chief work of the year. Every cow with a calf at her heel is the subject of
careful scrutiny. If she bears the Rosebud brand, the calf belongs to the
Rosebud ranche, and has to be caught there and then and branded. If not
branded whilst still a calf, the little beast will be lost to the owner, for, once
grown up, with no ever-present nurse to point out to whom she belongs, the
unmarked heifer belongs to anyone who can catch and brand her. There are
always a few scrub cattle on every range—beasts like some of those whose
capture has been described in the last two chapters—who had succeeded so
far in escaping the cowboy's hot iron.
The work of 'cutting out,' that is, separating, the beasts to be branded
from the rest of the herd, is to the cowboy what Rugby Union is to the
schoolboy. It is full of excitement, tries every muscle of the horse, every
quality, mental or physical, of the rider. This, on a small scale, was the work
awaiting Snap on the morrow of his bear-hunt. Amongst the beasts driven in
were a few which required to be branded, and, though their capture was
mere child's play to the old hands, used to following a dodging heifer
through a herd a thousand strong, it was intensely exciting to Snap. How the
ponies twisted and turned amongst the crowding beasts, never for one
moment losing touch of the animal which they wanted to cut out, was a
marvel to him for many a day. Polo on a quick pony is trying to a man's seat,
but cattle-driving on a pony which twists like a snipe and doubles like a
hare, without any warning to the rider, is even more so.
Having cut out, lassoed, and branded all that were unmarked save one,
Tony and Wharton held a consultation as to that one. The men had not much
to do; they had just had work enough in the crisp air to 'get their monkey up,'
and were ready for anything.
'Say, Dick,' said Tony, 'shall we brand that old bull? the old varmint has
had the laugh of us long, enough. Let's scar his rump for him this time,
anyway!'
The scrub bull alluded to by Tony was an old acquaintance of the men at
Rosebud ranche. More than once had he been thrown and tied, always to
break away and set the branders at defiance. Whilst the men were talking he
was gradually drawing away from the herd, a strong, heavy-built beast,
fierce and long-horned as a Texan bull, strong and sturdy as an English
shorthorn. A short, crisply curled coat of a dull brown made him look, but
for his more graceful build, more like a buffalo than a domestic beast.
'All right, boys, let's have another go at him,' assented Wharton; and
Wharton, Tony, Snap, and another rode quietly out to surround and drive in
the veteran. The ponies certainly entered into the spirit the thing. Anything
more meek and more innocent than 'the Cradle' as he wandered casually out
with Snap on his back, now and then stopping for a mouthful of grass, and
again turning his back completely on the bull, Snap thought he had never
seen. And yet somehow the ponies were all round the bull, and, unless he
had the pluck to run the gauntlet, he had only one way open to him, and that
led into the small corral. Little by little they drew in, pushing their victim so
slowly in front of them that he must still have believed that he was choosing
his own course, and only moving at all because he wished to. By quiet,
clever generalship old Wharton and his boys got the bull within a short run
of the corral. Then the bull began to hesitate. He evidently 'smelt a rat,' and
did not mean to go another yard. This was the critical moment. Swinging
their lariats round their heads, the four riders dashed at the bull with a yell
which would have turned a party of Zulus white with envy. Snap, not to be
outdone, yelled in chorus what was really a relic of the old hunting days at
Fairbury, and clashed forward with the rest. For a moment the grand old
beast lowered his great shaggy front, and looked as if he meant to stand the
charge. If he had done so, the band of horsemen must have split upon him as
waves upon a rock. But the yell and the swinging lassoes were too much for
his nerves. Turning slowly, he galloped into the corral, the horses dashed
after him, the huge bars of the fence were put back into their places, and the
scrub bull was fairly caged. So far, so good. But this same bull had often
been caged before, and was still unbranded.
'Will you rope him, Tony?' asked Wharton.
'You bet,' replied that worthy, divesting himself of pretty nearly

everything except his lasso, so as to be 'pretty handy over them rails, if so be
as it's necessary,' he explained.
In the corral was a post, firm-set in the ground, and stout as heart of oak.
Round this Tony coiled his lasso, leaving lots of loose line and the fatal
noose free. Meanwhile the bull kept his eye on Tony just as Tony kept his
eye on the bull. Snorting and pawing the ground, the beast backed against
the rails, and then, finding that there was no escape, lowered his head and
came with a perfect roar of rage at his self-composed enemy. Tony stood his
ground just long enough to throw his lasso, and then darted away. The long
loop flew straight enough to its mark, but by some ill-luck failed to fix upon
the bull, who, free and savage, fairly coursed poor Tony round the ring. But
the cowboy 'didn't reckon to be wiped out by one of them scrubbers, no-
how,' and, seizing his opportunity, scrambled over the rails of the corral like
a monkey up a lamp-post, remarking, when he reached the other side in
safety:
'Jeehoshaphat! I did think he would have ventilated my pants for me that

time, anyways.'
At the next attempt Tony's lasso settled round the great beast's horns,
tightened as he plunged past the post, and as he reached the end of his tether
brought him with a stunning crash to the ground. As Snap said afterwards,
'those cowboys hopped over the fence like fleas, and had the old bull's leg
tied up, and his head made fast to the pole with the strongest green hide-rope
on the ranche, before you could say Jack Robinson.'
For a while the great beast stood trembling, and still dazed by his fall, but
the sight of Tony with the branding-iron roused him to fresh fury. The huge
quarters seemed to contract for a mighty effort, the shaggy neck bent down
with irresistible force, the thongs of green hide creaked and then snapped, as
snapped the withy bands which bound the wrists of Samson.
There were four men and a bull in the corral when those ropes broke;
there was one man and a bull still left in thirty seconds after that event. With
a furious charge the monster scattered his tormentors, who fled in every
direction, two over the rails and a third just in time to fling himself flat on
his face and roll out underneath the bottom bar, with those sharp horns,
'straight as levelled lances,' only just behind him.
When they had time to turn they saw a sight which, if it had not been so
full of peril for a dear old comrade, must have elicited peals of laughter.
'Bust me if you shall lick us,' said Tony, grinding his teeth as he heard the
straining thongs begin to give; and when the bull charged the brave old
fellow held on to his branding-iron and waited. Of course the flying forms of
Tony's companions drew the bull's attention, and his great horned front
plunged past the one foe who disdained flight without observing him. With a
shattering crash the bull dashed against the corral-fence just too late to
pound a man to pieces with his horns, and as he reeled back himself, half
stunned by the tremendous collision with those unyielding oaken bars, the
bull was aware of a fresh indignity. Tony had him by the tail!!
Yes, it's all very well to plunge and roar with rage, to swing the lithe,
active foe clean off his feet, and dash him against the oak rails of your
prison, O gallant Texan bull; but that foe, half Yankee as he is now, was bred
in gallant Yorkshire, and, once he has his grip, will let go when a bull-dog
does, that is, when he is dead; just then and no sooner.

(download pdf) Precalculus 5th Edition Faires Test Bank full chapter

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

(download pdf) Precalculus 5th Edition Faires Test Bank full chapter

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

(download pdf) Precalculus 5th Edition Faires Test Bank full chapter

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Precalculus 5th Edition Faires Test

Precalculus Essentials 5th Edition Blitzer Test Bank

Precalculus Essentials 5th Edition Blitzer Solutions

Precalculus A Right Triangle Approach 5th Edition

Precalculus A Right Triangle Approach 5th Edition

Precalculus 6th Edition Blitzer Test Bank

Precalculus 7th Edition Cohen Test Bank

Precalculus 10th Edition Sullivan Test Bank

Precalculus 10th Edition Larson Test Bank

Verify the identity.

2) tan · csc = sec 2)

cos x + cos y x-y

4) cos( - ) - cos( + ) = 2 sin sin 4)

6) (1 + tan2 u)(1 - sin2 u) = 1 6)

7) sin( + ) - sin( - ) = 2 cos sin 7)

8) tan 2 x (1 + cos 2x) = 1 - cos 2x 8)

10) cot · sec = csc 10)

11) 1 + sec2 x sin2 x = sec2 x 11)

12) sin - = -cos 12)

14) cos - = -sin 14)

Answer: cos - = cos cos + sin sin = 0 · cos - 1 · sin = - sin

15) sin4t = 2 sin2t cos2t 15)

18) tan + x = -cot x 18)

19) csc2 u - cos u sec u= cot2 u 19)

21) cot 2 x + csc 2 x = 2 csc 2 x - 1 21)

Solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ).

Rewrite the expression in terms of the given function or functions.

Complete the identity.

26) sin x (sin 5x + sin 7x) = ? 26)

Complete the identity.

Use the graph to complete the identity.

A) sin x - 3 B) sin x + 3cos x C) cos x + 4 D) cos x - 4

Complete the identity.

Use a graph in a [-2 , 2 , ] by [-3, 3, 1] viewing rectangle to complete the identity.

Complete the identity.

A) cos x B) csc x C) sin x D) sec x

A) tan 2x + tan 6x B) cot 2x C) -cot 2x D) tan 4x

Solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ).

Solve the problem.

Complete the identity.

43) tan ( - ) = ? 43)

Rewrite the expression as a simplified expression containing one term.

Use a half-angle formula to find the exact value of the expression.

Find all solutions of the equation.

Solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ).

Complete the identity.

54) 2 tan x - (1 + tan x)2 = ? 54)

Use trigonometric identities to find the exact value.

Complete the identity.

Express the sum or difference as a product.

Solve the problem.

Solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ).

Use the graph to complete the identity.

A) y = cos 6x B) y = cos 2x C) y = sin 6x D) y = sin 2x

Use a half-angle formula to find the exact value of the expression.

Express the sum or difference as a product.

Find the exact value by using a sum or difference identity.

Solve the equation on the interval [0, 2 ).

Find the exact value under the given conditions.