PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
Malaysia
Article I – National Territory
Article II – Declaration of Principles and State Policies
Article III – Bill of Rights
Article IV – Citizenship
Article V – Suffrage
Definition of Terms:
 Preamble – derived from the Latin preambulare meaning
“to walk before”; it is an introduction to the main
subject; prologue of the constitution
“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of
almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society and establish a government that shall embody
our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to
ourselves and our posterity the blessings of
independence and democracy under the rule of law and
a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and
peace, do ordain and promulgate this constitution”
 Eminent Domain – the right or power of the state or of
those to whom the power has been lawfully delegated to
take private property for public use upon paying to the
owner a just compensation to be ascertained according
to law.
 Citizen – is a person having the title of citizenship. He is a
member of a democratic community who enjoys full civil
and political rights; subject (citizens in a monarchial
state); alien (foreigner, a citizen of a country residing in
another country)
 Suffrage – is the right and obligation to vote of qualified
citizens in the election; nature of suffrage – a mere
privilege, a political right
 Trafficking in person – refers to the recruitment,
transportation, transferring, harboring or receipt of
persons for the purpose of exploitation which includes:
o Prostitution
o Forced labor or services
o Removal or sale of organs
 Writ –
 Writ of habeas corpus –
FOOTNOTES
 Historic Right – title created in derogation of
international law through historical process
 Legal title – derivative title, such as cession by a state of
its sovereign rights over a territory
 Sabah – was ceded as a gift to Sultan of Sulu by his
cousin, the Sultan of Brunei
 The 27th sultan of sulu leased north borneo to two
European adventurers: Guatavus Baron Overdeck, Alfred
Dent
 July 10, 1946 – Britain annexed Sabah as part of its crown
territory
 The catch-all claim has created irritants in our ties with
 Exploited mineral resources: manganese, nickel, and
copper
 Benefits that the Philippines would derive from the
convention:
o Ownership of the Phil. Over all the minerals, oil,
and living resources in the waters and the
seabed and subsoil of the archipelago, the 200-
mile exclusive economic zone around the
islands, and the continental shelf even beyond
200 miles from the shore
o Increase in the waters under Phil. Jurisdiction
including the exclusive economic zone, by more
than 93 million hectares
o Recognition in international law of the
archipelago principle which the Phil. Has been
advocating since 1956
o Acceptance of the Phil. By the international
community as a single political, and
geographical unit with no international waters
between the different islands
 The will or consent
From ppts:
 A nation w/ experienced being ruled over by various
Imperialist from Spanish, Americans & Japanese, to
former super star in Asia only to be beleaguered by
political unrest throughout the decades, & hampered by
national debt, gov’t corruption, coup attempts, disasters,
a persistent communist insurgency & a military conflict
w/ Moro separatist, the Phil., is now regarded as a
returning star in Asia
 It is recognized as a newly industrialized country having
an economy morphing from agriculture to services &
manufacturing base.
 The Phil. economy is anticipated to be the 5th largest in
Asia & 16th biggest in the world by 2050 & is estimated
to be the 12th to 14th richest economy in the world by
2060 accding to Price water house Coopers
Quick Facts about the Philippines and its People
 Population: 111, 046, 913 (2021)
 Population Growth rate: 1.57%
 Ethic group: Tagalog-28.1% Cebuano-13.1%
Ilocano- 9% Bisaya/Binisaya – 7.6%
Hiligaynon Ilonggo- 7.5% Bikol- 6%
Waray- 3.4% other- 25.3%
 Language: Filipino (official, based on Tagalog) &
English (official)
eight major dialects: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano,
Hiliganon or Ilonggo, Bikol, Waray, Pampango, &
Pangasinan
Political System
 The political system in the Philippines occurs w/in an
organized framework of presidential, representative, and
democratic republic w/ the president as both head of the
 state and head of the government, the law deciding body
or the legislative branch, the law enforcing body or
executive branch and law-deciding body or judicial
branch

Political Parties

We have many & diverse political parties, most party

membership consists primarily of political figures & leaders,
w/ little or no grassroots membership.
The Phil. has multi-party system w/ numerous political parties
in w/c no one party often has a chance of gaining power
alone, parties must work w/ each other to form coalition govt
for political parties have rise & fall character.

Three types of parties

(a) major parties corresponding to traditional
political parties
(b) minor parties or party-list orgn. rely on the party-list
system to win Congressional seats and
(c) regio-wide orgn.

Government – the system used for controlling a country;

managers- manage the country

Constitution – supreme law of a land; a written statement

outlining the basic laws/principles by w/c a country/ orgn. is
governed

Govern - involved both governing object & object being

governed. To govern something means that the
object is at a state w/c is pending to be improved

The art of governing

-the coverage of key issues ranging from risk mgmt. &
business continuity to sustainable procurement

-is to bring eco. considerations into political practice; to

govern a country, to handle the economy of the entire
country

governance – collective mgmt of common problems

exacerbated by change & managed by nation-state;
system/manner of govt

nation – a community of people/peoples living in a definite

territory & orgnized under single gvt

state – forming part of a country (federal-US, Australia w/ its

own govt & legislature & control over most of its own internal
affairs