语法专题 05 形容词和副词

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 形容词
形容词用于描述人或事物所具有的特征、个性、品质等。如：interesting，fun，boring，
difficult，nice，great，good 等。
部分形容词有-ing 和-ed 两种形式，表示的意义不同。-ing 形式通常指事物本身的性质，
意为＂令人感到……的＂，而-ed 形式通常指人的感受，意为＂感到……的＂。
►interesting 令人感兴趣的，有趣的
►interested 感兴趣的
►The story is interesting.
这个故事很有趣。
►She is interested in the game.
她对这个游戏感兴趣。
类似的词还有：
boring 无聊的 exciting 令人兴奋的
bored 感到无聊的 excited 感兴奋的
relaxing 令人放松的 surprising 令人吃惊的
relaxed 感到放松的 surprised 感到吃惊的
moving 令人感到动的；感人的 moved 感动的
例题：Everyone was ________ when they heard(听到) the ________ news.
A. exciting; exciting B. excited; exciting C. exciting; excited
一、形容词副词的比较等级

1. 规则变化
一般加-er,-est strong---stronger---strongest
以字母 e 结尾的只加-r, -st late---later---latest
以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这个辅音字母后再加-er,-est
hot---hotter---hottest thin---thinner---thinnest slim---slimmer---slimmest
以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，将 y 变为 i,再加-er,-est
angry---angrier---angriest ugly---uglier---ugliest early---earlier---earliest
双音节词和多音节词，在词前加 more 或 most
quickly---more quickly---most quickly enthusiastic---more enthusiastic---most enthusiastic
注意：
①少数双音节词以及以-er 和-le 结尾的词有两种比较级和最高级形式
common---commoner/more common--- commonest/ most common

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clever---cleverer/ more clever--- cleverest/ most clever
simple--- simpler/ more simple--- simplest/most simple
②有些形容词没有程度或本身表程度，没有比较级和最高级，如 right/ wrong/ excellent/
favorite/ perfect 等。
2. 不规则变化
good/well---better---best bad/badly---worse---worst much/many---more---most
little---less---least old---older/elder---oldest/eldest
far---farther/further---farthest/furthest
3. 形容词副词比较级基本用法
“比较级+than”表示“比...更” He gets up earlier than anyone else in the
class.
“比较级+比较级”表示“越来越....” Our country is becoming more and more
powerful.
“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越....., 越.....” The more tickets you sell, the more money you
will get.
“the+比较级+ of the two”表示“两者中较....的” The shorter of the two girls is my sister.
“no +比较级+than”表示“两者都不....” He is no taller than his brother.
“not+比较级+than”表示“前者不如后者” He is not taller than his brother.
4. 形容词副词最高级基本用法
①The+形容词/副词最高级+表范围的介词短语（among/of/in）
Autumn is the best season of the year. He works hardest in his class.
②“One of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+范围”表示“....中最....之一”
This is one of the most important events in modern history.
③“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数”表示“第几最....”
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
④否定词+比较级=最高级 He has never spent a more worrying day.
5. 比较级和最高级的修饰词
修饰原级的词：fairly, quite, rather, so, very, too, nearly
修饰比较级的词：much, even, still, (by) far, a little, a lot, a great deal, any 等
修饰最高级的词：序数词, (by) far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, nothing like 等
6. 倍数的表达：
①倍数+as---as ②倍数+比较级+than ③倍数+the+名词+of
At a rough estimate, Nigeria is three times as big as Great Britain.
==At a rough estimate, Nigeria is three times bigger than Great Britain.
== At a rough estimate, Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain.

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二、形容词副词的转换

1. 一般情况加-ly quick—quickly brave---bravely

2. 辅音字母+y 结尾，改 y 为 i 再加-ly easy---easily busy—busily
3. 以 -le 结 尾 ， 去 e 加 -y simple—simply gentle—gently
possible---possibly
4. 元音字母+e 结尾 去 e 加-ly true---truly
5. -ll 结尾，只加-y full—fully dull—dully
6. -ic 结 尾 ， 加 -ally basic—basically scientific---scientifically
specific---specifically
注意：public---publicly
注意：
1. 特殊变形：whole—wholly shy—shyly dry—dryly
2.以-ly 结尾的形容词：friendly/ lovely/ lively/ lonely/ deadly/ monthly/ yearly/ daily/ weekly

四：易混形容词副词的区别

1. ago,before
ago 从现在算起若干时间以前，常用一般过去时 I graduated from the college 10
years ago.
before ①从过去某时间算起若干时间以前，常用过去完成时 She said that she had married him
3 months before.
②单独使用，常用现在完成时 Have you ever seen this film
before?
2. hard,hardly
hardly adv. 几乎不 hard adj.艰难的 adv. 努力地
This is a hard job. We can hardly believe Peter works so hard.
3. so, such
such+a/an+adj. +单数可数名词 such+adj+复数名词或不可数名词
so+adj./adv so+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词 so+many/much/few/little(少的)+复数名词
或不可数名词
4. late,later,latter, latest,lately
late adj./adv. 迟晚 later adj.以后的//adv.后来 latter adj. (两者中)后者的
latest adj. 最新的 lately adv. 最近，近来

一、单项选择

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1．—Helen feels ________ after watching the ________ basketball game.
—Me, too. I want to watch it again!
A．exciting; exciting B．excited; excited C．exciting; excited D．excited; exciting
2．— What do you think of the boy in green jacket?
—He is a ________ soccer player and can play soccer ________.
A．well; good B．good; well C．well; well D．good; good
3．How can we be strong and ________?
A．health B．healthier C．healthy D．healthiest
4．Don’t run so fast. You must be ________ when you cross the street.
A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．nervous
5．Miss Green is from ________. She is ________.
A．English；English B．England；England C．English；England D．England；English
6．—Is the door ________ now? It’s so cold.
—Sorry, I will keep the door ________.
A．opened; closed B．open; close
C．opened; close D．open; closed
7．The film makes us ________.
A．to happy B．happily C．happy D．to happily
8．Mr ________ shoes are ________.
A．green; green B．Green; Green C．Green’s; green D．green’s; green
9．My first teacher was ________ with me.
A．friendly B．strict C．strictly D．friend
10．Jenny and Kate are my good ________. They are very ________ to me.
A．friend; friendly B．friendly; friendly
C．friends; friendly D．friends; friend
11．—Was it ________ in your area yesterday?
—No, But it snowed heavily today.
A．snow B．snows C．snowed D．snowy
12．—My father is a ________ man.
—I think so. Your father is ________ over there.
A．hard-working; work B．work hard; working C．hard-working; working D．work hard;
work
13．—I bought a pair of gloves for you. They can keep your hands _________.
—Thank you very much.
A．cold B．coldly C．warm D．warmly

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14．—The teacher looks very ________.
—Yes, he is looking ________ at Tom. What’s wrong?
A．angry; angrily B．angry; angry C．angrily; angrily D．angrily; angry
15．The punch you made tasted quite ________.
A．well B．good C．nicely D．terribly
16．Yesterday was my birthday. My mum made a nice cake for me and it tasted ________.
A．well B．delicious C．better D．deliciously
17．She stays at home ________, but she doesn’t feel ________.
A．lonely; alone B．alone; lonely C．alone; alone D．lonely; lonely
18．Chinese is as ________ as English in our daily life.
A．important B．more important C．importanter D．importantly
19．He is one of ________ in his class, so he always sits in the back row.
A．the tallest boys B．tallest boys C．tall boys D．the taller boy
20．The sun shines and shines, the weather becomes ________.
A．warm and warm B．warmer and warmer C．cool and cool D．cooler and cooler
21．— If I get the job, I’ll make ________ more money.
— Yes, you will get more ________ each month.
A．a little; dollar B．a few; dollars C．a little; dollars D．a few; dollar
22．Tom is hardworking. It is not ________ that he can pass the exam easily.
A．surprising B．surprised C．interesting D．interested
23．There isn’t ________ in this country this year.
A．enough rain B．rain enough C．rainy enough D．enough rains
24．This apple is ________ that one.
A．three times as bigger as B．as big three times as
C．three times as big as D．as big as three times
25．You’d better keep the windows ________. It is so hot here.
A．open B．opening C．opens D．opened
26．—What does Lucy look like after school?
—She .
A．look like happy B．looks like happy C．looks happily D．looks happy
27．Lucy and Lily are __________ students.
A．two new B．too new C．new two D．new too
28．Yang Mi is a nice lady with ________.
A．long black hair B．a long black hair C．short black hairs D．a black long hair

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29．He works hard and is often ________. I hope he will have more ________.
A．success; successful B．successful; success
C．success; successes D．successful; successful
30．Shanghai is bigger than ________ city in China.
A．the other B．another C．any other D．some other
31．She is a ________ dancer and she can dance very _______.
A．good, well B．well, well C．good, well D．well, good
32．When I got to the hospital, my grandma was ________.
A．living B．alive C．live D．lives
33．I’m ________ in reading English stories.
A．interesting B．interests C．interested D．interest
34．The film is ________ wonderful, and we feel ________.
A．quite; relaxed B．quiet; relaxed C．quite; relaxing D．quiet; relaxing
35．These cars are ________. They run ________.
A．quicker; quick B．quickly; quickly C．quick; quickly D．quickly; quick
36．—I ________ watch sports news because it’s boring.
—Really? But I think it’s interesting.
A．always B．hardly ever C．usually D．sometimes
37．—Can you find my dictionary, mum?
—No, I looked for it ________, but still can’t see it.
A．somewhere B．everywhere C．anywhere D．nowhere
38．Look! The traffic is terrible during rush hours. So you should drive .
A．fast B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully
39．Mr. Smith doesn’t like swimming, so he ______ goes swimming with his children.
A．always B．usually C．often D．seldom
40．—Can you swim?
—Yes, I ________, and I do it ________.
A．must; good B．must; well C．can; good D．can; well
41．Mary ______ speaks Chinese. She knows it just a little.
A．often B．usually C．seldom
42．Jim is from England and he speaks English very ________.
A．good B．well C．bad D．badly
43．Kitty draws as ________ as Mike.
A．ugly B．wonderful C．beautiful D．carefully

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44．It is hot every summer in Xinjiang and it ________ rains.
A．sometimes B．always C．never D．seldom
45．I must have a good sleep, so I ________ sleep late.
A．sometimes B．often C．seldom D．never
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的
最佳答案。
What would people like to eat on their birthday? The answer may not be the 46 in
different countries. In 47 countries, people have birthday 48 with candles.
The 49 of candles is the person’s age. The birthday person must 50 a wish
and blow out the candles. If he or she 51 all the candles in 52 go, the wish
will 53 . In the UK, people sometimes 54 a candy in a birthday cake. The
child with the candy is 55 .
In China, it is getting 56 to have cake on your birthday. But many people still eat
very long noodles for their birthday. They 57 cut up the noodles because the long
noodles are a symbol of long 58 . In some places, Chinese people also eat 59
on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck.
All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They 60
good luck to the birthday person.
46．A．same B．fun C．right D．real
47．A．any B．all C．many D．much
48．A．food B．eggs C．noodles D．cakes
49．A．name B．color C．size D．number
50．A．make B．take C．say D．spell
51．A．finds out B．puts out C．looks out D．blows out
52．A．one B．two C．first D．second
53．A．come on B．come down C．come true D．come out
54．A．lose B．make C．put D．find
55．A．busy B．healthy C．tidy D．lucky
56．A．welcome B．popular C．relaxing D．interesting
57．A．never B．always C．often D．sometimes
58．A．time B．way C．life D．story
59．A．rice B．eggs C．fish D．vegetables
60．A．take B．bring C．get D．Have
三、阅读理解

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 A

The Chinese zodiac The Chinese zodiac (生肖，属相) features 12 animal signs in this order:
Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Pig. It has a
history of more than 2,000 years. There is an animal for each year, but the “year” is defined by
Chinese lunar calendar (按农历界定). It’s not from Jan. 1st to Dec. 31st in geographical year.
China Red
Red is the color of China. In China we call it China Red. It makes people excited. And it has
rich meaning in Chinese culture and history. Here, red is a symbol (象征). It gives color to the
soul (灵魂) of the nation. China Red is the color of the luck, health, harmony, happiness, peace,
richness and so on.
_________
People usually spend the first day of the Chinese New Year with their family members at home.
They usually have dumplings or niangao as the first meal of the New Year. After breakfast, little
kids put on new clothes and give New Year greetings to their parents and grandparents. Both the
kids and un-married adults may receive monetary red envelopes from seniors in the family.

61．The three materials above have something to do with _________?

A．Chinese science B．Chinese culture C．Chinese food D．Chinese sports
62．The heading (小标题) of the third material may be _________.
A．Going Home For New Year B．Make A Wish For New Year
C．First Day Spent At Home D．What People Eat For Breakfast
63．The underlined part “red envelopes” probably means _________ in Chinese.
A．春联 B．红包 C．窗花 D．剪纸
64．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到)?
A．What animals are in the Chinese zodiac. B．What the meaning of China Red is.
C．What we do on the first day of New Year. D．What we have for lunch and dinner.
65．From the passage we can learn that _________.
A．the year in Chinese lunar calendar is different from the geographical year
B．red is the symbol of bad luck, health, harmony, happiness, peace, richness
C．the year in Chinese lunar calendar starts from Jan. 1st and ends on Dec. 31st
D．people have dumplings or niangao after visiting their grandparents at home
B
On most weekends, you can find Lisa Stone in front of a computer. But she isn’t playing
games or watching videos. She’s learning how to write code.
Code is a set of instructions (指令). It tells a computer what to do. Coders are the people who
write the instructions for a computer. Coders make websites (网站) or apps. Apps can be used for

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everything from playing games to checking the weather.
Lisa began to learn coding when she was 4 years old. She uses coding to do art, work out
problems and make games. Lisa likes coding because it’s useful. “Coding is really fun,” she said.
“You can show what you think in what you make.”
How does Lisa learn coding? She takes classes at Code.org. The website offers hundreds of
free code lessons for kids. In fact, more than 29 million students in 180 countries (国家) use it. It
hopes to bring coding to even more kids.
“We believe that every child should have the chance to learn about computers and coding,”
said Alice Smith, the president (负责人) of Code.org. “Computers and the Internet (互联网) are
part of our world,” she said. “It’s important for kids to understand how they work.”
66．What is the meaning of the underlined word “code” in Paragraph 1?
A．密码 B．代码 C．作文 D．留言
67．What does Lisa often do in her free time?
A．She does her homework. B．She learns coding.
C．She plays computer games. D．She watches videos.
68．What can’t people do with code?
A．Do art works. B．Make apps. C．Sell computers. D．Make games.
69．Where does Lisa learn to write code?
A．On the Internet. B．In different countries. C．At school. D．In a
computer club.
70．Which of the following is TRUE about Code.org?
A．It is a website that teaches languages. B．It hopes to help kids learn to use computers.
C．All of the lessons of Code.org are free. D．Its students come from over 200 countries.
四、语法填空
根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
John is a middle school student. He studied 71 (good). But after his father bought a
smartphone for 72 (he), everything changed. He didn’t work hard anymore. He only
thought 73 the video games. He didn’t listen to the teacher 74 (careful) in class.
He didn’t like to study in the classroom. He wanted to drop 75 of school. When he 76
(tell) his teacher his thought, his teacher Miss Green 77 (try) every possible way to help
him. She asked him 78 (question) in class. John’s home was far from school, so Miss
Green often brought lunch 79 him. She helped him study after school and on weekends.
A month later, John was 80 (interest) in study again. He feels happy to stay at school
now.

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