Hamda Maqbool Graph was plot between for these values.

Roll NO. 41 Two peaks were shown, in which one was of

ADP 7th Morning copper sulphate and other was of Potassium
Determine ʎmax For a Binary Components permanganate.
Then solutions of different percentages were
solution (Potassium Permanganate and
prepared.
Potassium Dichromate) Calculations:
Preparation of 100 ppm solution for both KMnO4
Principle: and K2Cr2O7.
Spectrophotometry is the principle in Prepare 1000ppm solutions first.
determination on of ʎmax for given solution of 1 gram of each KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 was added
binary components. in 1000mL distilled water separately and that’s
Theory: how 1000ppm solution of both species was
Some terms are important in the theory of this prepared.
experiment Spectrophotometry Now the formation of 100ppm solution will take
Spectrophotometer place.
Absorbance C1V1 = C2V2
Transmittance (1000) (V1) = (100) (100)
Beer Lambert Law V1= 10mL
Spectrophotometry: 10mL of 1000ppm solution was taken and added
A technique in which the interaction of light with in 100 mL water in a beaker. 100 ppm sol. Was
ma er is studied is known as spectrophotometry. prepared. Repeated this process for both
Spectrophotometer: substances.
The instrument which used in above mentioned Readings:
technique is spectrophotometer. It measures the
photons of falling light a er absorbance in sample Sr ʎ A Sr ʎ A
solution.
this instrument involves certain parts, such as: 1 350 1.123 22 560 0.541
Light Source, Monochromator, Sample container, 2 360 1.318 23 570 0.383
Detector. 3 370 1.548 24 580 0.178
Absorbance:
The amount of light which is absorbed in the 4 380 2.43 25 590 0.163
solution is a phenomenon called absorbance. It’s 5 390 1.906 26 600 0.087
also called optical density. 6 400 1.184 27 610 0.081
A = Log
Transmittance: 7 410 0.589 28 620 0.077
The measure of Transmitted light after absorption 8 420 0.323 29 630 0.69
in sample is known as Transmittance. It is 9 430 0.373 30 640 0.63
reciprocal of absorbance.
𝑇 = 1/𝐴 10 440 0.126 31 650 0.058
Beer Lambert’s Law: 11 450 0.116 32 660 0.052
It states that the Phenomenon and amount of 12 460 0.123 33 670 0.047
absorbed light is directly proportional to the
concentration of sample in solution and path 13 470 0.17 34 680 0.037
length of the cell bearing sample. 14 480 0.233 35 690 0.033
A ∝ c.l A= ℇ c l 15 490 36 700 0.031
0.323
Where ℇ stands for Molar extinction coefficient or
Absorption. 16 500 0.423 37 710 0.028
Procedure: 17 510 0.489 38 720 0.026
100 ppm solutions of both Copper Sulphate and 18 520 0.598 39 730 0.025
potassium permanganate were prepared
separately. 19 530 0.612 40 740 0,021
50 mL of both were mixed in a measuring flask. 20 540 0.601 41 750 0.019
Sample were taken in a cell and their ʎmax was 21 550 0.589 42 760 0.018
measured by using spectrophotometer.
Graph:

2.5 380; 2.43

2
Absorbance

1.5

530; 0.612
0.5

0
350 380 420 450 490 530 570 610 650 690 730
Wavelength

Result:

Absorbance of Both components were measured

and ultimately their ʎmax was noted. The maximum
absorbance of Potassium permanganate and
Potassium Dichromate was 0.612 and 2.43, and
their ʎmax were 530 and 380 respectively.