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Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

Chapter 10
Population Dynamics

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Type II survivorship curve indicates

A. low juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.
B. high juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.
C. low juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.
D. high juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.
E. equal chance of dying at any age.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.03.05 Explain the population processes underlying type I, II, and III survivorship curves.
Section: 10.03
Topic: Population Ecology

2. Type I survivorship curve indicates

A. low juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.
B. high juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.
C. low juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.
D. high juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.
E. equal chance of dying at any age.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.03.05 Explain the population processes underlying type I, II, and III survivorship curves.
Section: 10.03
Topic: Population Ecology

10-1
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

3. Type III survivorship curve indicates

A. low juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.
B. high juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.
C. low juvenile mortality and low mortality in older adults.
D. high juvenile mortality and high mortality in older adults.
E. equal chance of dying at any age.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.03.05 Explain the population processes underlying type I, II, and III survivorship curves.
Section: 10.03
Topic: Population Ecology

4. Humans would best be represented by which of the following survivorships curves?

A. III
B. II
C. I
D. IV
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 10.03.04 Identify type I, II, and III survivorship curves.
Section: 10.03
Topic: Population Ecology

5. Organisms that produce many offspring would best be characterized by which of the
following?
A. a convex survivorship curve
B. a concave survivorship curve
C. a linear survivorship curve
D. a sigmoidal survivorship curve
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 10.03.05 Explain the population processes underlying type I, II, and III survivorship curves.
Section: 10.03
Topic: Population Ecology

10-2
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

6. The age distribution of a population can reveal

A. growth potential.
B. survivorship.
C. reproduction.
D. both growth potential and survivorship.
E. growth potential, survivorship, and reproduction.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.04.01 Describe how survival and reproduction contribute to a populations age distribution.
Section: 10.04
Topic: Population Ecology

7. Which of the following are mismatched?

A. nx : mortality rate
B. lx : survivorship history
C. R0 : net reproductive rate
D. mx : average number offspring per individual
E. x : age/time interval

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

8. The 'net reproduction rate' equals

A. (x lxmx)/R0.
B.   nx.
C.  lx mx.
D.  x lx mx.
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

10-3
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

9. Which of the following statements regarding 'mean generation time' is false?

A. It is generally calculated only for the females in a population.
B. It is the average time from offspring to offspring.
C. It can be calculated using a fecundity schedule and life table.
D. It can be used to calculate the geometric growth rate.
E. It can be used to calculate the per capita rate of increase.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

10. The ‘mean generation time' of a population equals

A. (x lxmx)/R0.
B.   nx.
C.  lx mx.
D.  x lx mx.
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

11. Which of the following cannot be determined using a fecundity schedule combined with a
life table?
A. per capita rate of increase
B. net reproductive rate
C. mean generation time
D. dispersal rates
E. geometric rate of increase

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 10.05.03 Calculate net reproductive rate R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r, for a population, using fecundity and life table data.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

10-4
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

12. Which of the following equations best represents the per capita rate of increase?
A. r = T/(ln R0)
B. r = (ln R0)/T
C.  = Nt/( Nt+1)
D.  = (Nt+1)/Nt
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

13. Which of the following equations best represents the geometric rate of increase?
A. r = T/(ln R0)
B. r = (ln R0)/T
C.  = Nt/( Nt+1)
D.  = (Nt+1)/Nt
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

14. Korpimaki and Norrdahl's research on voles (prey) and kestrels and owls (predators)
suggest that the predator's population dynamics are
A. a functional response.
B. a numerical response.
C. in response to vole densities.
D. both a functional response and a numerical response.
E. both a numerical response and in response to vole densities.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.01.03 Describe numerical responses by owls and kestrels in response to changing prey densities.
Section: 10.01
Topic: Population Ecology

10-5
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

15. The Africanized honeybee stopped spreading southward through South America by about
1983 in response to
A. unfavorable climatic factors.
B. aggressive pest control measures.
C. introduction of a species-specific parasite as a means of biological control.
D. severe competition with the closely related European honeybee.
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.01.01 Compare rates of dispersal by various animal and plant species.
Section: 10.01
Topic: Population Ecology

16. A group of subpopulations living in spatially isolated patches connected by exchange of

individuals among patches is called a(n)
A. micropopulation.
B. megapopulation.
C. isopopulation.
D. allopopulation.
E. metapopulation.

Learning Outcome: 10.02.01 Describe the role of dispersal in sustaining a metapopulation.

Section: 10.02
Topic: Population Ecology

17. Studies by Korpimäki and Norrdahl in western Finland showed that kestrel and owl
densities closely follow variation in vole densities with little delay or lag time. They attributed
this rapid numerical response to the
A. rapid rates of reproduction in the kestrel and owl populations.
B. nomadic nature of the kestrel and owl populations.
C. sedentary nature of mature individuals in the kestrel and owl populations.
D. lack of adequate predator defenses in the vole populations.
E. rapid rates of reproduction in the vole populations.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.01.03 Describe numerical responses by owls and kestrels in response to changing prey densities.
Section: 10.01
Topic: Population Ecology

10-6
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

18. Roland, Keyghobadi, and Fownes found in smaller meadow habitat, the Rocky Mountain
Parnassian butterfly
A. has a larger wing span and more likely to disperse out of the patch.
B. populations are stable.
C. populations are smaller and individuals are more likely to disperse out of the patch.
D. population size is more variable.
E. None of the choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.02.02 Discuss the similarities and differences in metapopulations of Rocky Mountain Parnassian butterflies and
lesser kestrels.
Section: 10.02
Topic: Population Ecology

19. Which of the following indicates a population in decline?

A. R0 = 6.01
B. R0 = 0.601
C. R0 = 0
D. R0 = - 0.601
E. R0 = - 6.01

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 10.05.02 Describe the conditions necessary to produce a stable age distribution.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

20. When using a significance level of 0.05, how often will you reject hypotheses that are
actually correct?
A. 5% of the time or less
B. 5% of the time or more
C. 50% of the time or less
D. 50% of the time or more
E. 95% of the time or more

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 10.Investigating.01 Describe the concept of statistical significance.
Section: Investigating the Evidence
Topic: Population Ecology

10-7
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

21. Calculate the generation time given the following population data:
R0 = 0.601, r = - 0.05, xlxmx = 6.4, mx = 0.96
A. -128
B. 0.15
C. 1.60
D. 6.67
E. 10.6

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 10.05.03 Calculate net reproductive rate R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r, for a population, using fecundity and life table data.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

True / False Questions

22. Fecundity is another term for the net reproductive rate.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

23. The geometric rate of increase can be used to estimate changes in population size in
species with non-overlapping generations.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

10-8
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

24. The per capita rate of increase can be used to estimate changes in population size in
species with non-overlapping generations.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

25. Although the dispersal rate of Africanized bees is impressive, it still pales in comparison
to the dispersal rate of the collard dove.
FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.01.01 Compare rates of dispersal by various animal and plant species.
Section: 10.01
Topic: Population Ecology

26. Many sedentary organisms have a ‘dispersing stage' and rely on vectors such as animals,
water, or wind to aid in their spread.
TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.01.01 Compare rates of dispersal by various animal and plant species.
Section: 10.01
Topic: Population Ecology

27. The geometric rate of increase cannot be a negative number.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

10-9
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 10 - Population Dynamics

28. The per capita rate of increase cannot be a negative number.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

Fill in the Blank Questions

29. Individuals born during a specified time period are grouped as a

__________________________.
cohort

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.05.01 Define net reproductive rate, R0, geometric rate of increase, ?, generation time, T, and per capita rate of
increase, r.
Section: 10.05
Topic: Population Ecology

30. __________________ is the process by which individuals disperse out of a population.

Emigration

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 10.01.01 Compare rates of dispersal by various animal and plant species.
Section: 10.01
Topic: Population Ecology

10-10
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
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