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Chapter 9
Jacksonian America

Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Which statement regarding the American electorate during the 1820s is true?
A. The right to vote was expanded to include many more white males.
B. The right to vote was restricted to property owners.
C. Married white women had the right to vote but could not hold elected office.
D. Changes in voting rights occurred first in New England states and then spread west.
E. Older states began to expand their property ownership requirements.
Answer: A
Page: 198

2. In 1840, efforts to expand voting rights in Rhode Island resulted in


A. new laws that actually further restricted voting rights.
B. federal troops occupying the state capital for two years.
C. an effort within the state to secede from the Union.
D. two governments claiming control of the state.
E. female and black male suffrage for a brief period of time.
Answer: D
Page: 199

3. The lawyer and activist who led the campaign to expand voting rights in Rhode Island was
A. Amos Kendall.
B. Joseph Story.
C. Daniel Webster.
D. Roger Taney.
E. Thomas Dorr.
Answer: E
Page: 199

4. By 1828, in all but one state, presidential electors were chosen by


A. state legislatures.
B. popular vote.
C. lottery.
D. Congress.
E. state governors.
Answer: B
Page: 200

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5. By the 1830s, political parties were generally regarded as
A. in the control of special interest factions.
B. unnecessary to the political process.
C. a dangerous threat to the democratic process.
D. a desired and essential part of the democratic process.
E. an aberration.
Answer: D
Page: 202

6. In the years after the War of 1812, support for the idea of political parties was greatest in
A. Virginia.
B. New Jersey.
C. New York.
D. Rhode Island.
E. Pennsylvania.
Answer: C
Page: 203

7. One argument in favor of political parties in the 1830s was the belief that
A. the parties would provide the training ground for candidates.
B. a permanent political opposition made parties sensitive to the people’s will.
C. the present system of government had little effective organization.
D. inexperienced political candidates would be less likely to gain office.
E. parties could create a broader form of consensus than individual leaders.
Answer: B
Page: 203

8. Today, the oldest political party in the United States is the


A. Green Party.
B. Socialist Party.
C. Libertarian Party.
D. Republican Party.
E. Democratic Party.
Answer: E
Page: 203

9. According to Andrew Jackson’s theory of democracy,


A. there should be one national political party.
B. all white male citizens should be treated equally.
C. all white Americans should eventually be given the vote.
D. slavery should not extend into the West.
E. the South and West deserved special privileges as growing areas.
Answer: B
Page: 204

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10. President Andrew Jackson sought to apply his democratic principles by first targeting
A. the wealthy New England aristocracy.
B. the southern planter class.
C. federal officeholders.
D. his Whig opponents.
E. the Five Civilized Tribes.
Answer: C
Page: 204

11. Spoils system refers to


A. making illegal payoffs to political supporters.
B. giving away land taken from Indians to white settlers.
C. the destruction of land by overly aggressive settlement.
D. giving out jobs as political rewards.
E. parceling out federal land to the highest bidder.
Answer: D
Page: 204

12. In 1832, supporters of President Jackson held a national convention in order to


A. force the opposition to make their case in public.
B. bring more public attention to their candidate.
C. have greater control over the nominating process.
D. shore up Jackson’s shaky support among voters in the Northeast.
E. make the nominating process more democratic.
Answer: E
Page: 205

13. As president, Andrew Jackson believed the power of the federal government
A. should be reduced.
B. should be expanded.
C. was supreme over individual states.
D. should be expanded and was supreme over individual states.
E. should be reduced and yet was supreme over individual states.
Answer: E
Page: 205-206

14. When John C. Calhoun put forth his doctrine of nullification, he was
A. a congressman.
B. a senator.
C. secretary of state.
D. vice president.
E. the governor of South Carolina.
Answer: D
Page: 206

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15. In the 1820s, John C. Calhoun proposed his doctrine of nullification
A. to reduce the political power of Andrew Jackson.
B. as an alternative to possible secession.
C. as a means to end the national bank.
D. to support trade tariffs.
E. to counter the growing influence of abolitionism in the North.
Answer: B
Page: 206

16. John C. Calhoun drew his doctrine of nullification ideas from the
A. Virginia and Kentucky resolutions.
B. United States Constitution.
C. Missouri Compromise.
D. ideas of Madison and Jefferson and the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution.
E. United States Constitution and the Missouri Compromise.
Answer: D
Page: 206

17. In his doctrine of nullification, John C. Calhoun argued


A. states were the final authority on the constitutionality of federal laws.
B. all laws related to a state’s economic development should come from that state.
C. states, not the Congress, should ratify amendments to the Constitution.
D. there should not be a federal court system.
E. a state could not impose tariffs and levies on goods made in a neighboring state.
Answer: A
Page: 206

18. Who of the following saw his close ties and great influence with President Jackson grow
stronger as a result of the Peggy Eaton affair?
A. DeWitt Clinton
B. Martin Van Buren
C. Isaac Hill
D. Francis Blair
E. John C. Calhoun
Answer: B
Page: 206

19. What was the political significance of Peggy Eaton on Andrew Jackson’s administration?
A. The presidential aspirations of John C. Calhoun were likely ended.
B. John Eaton’s ties with the administration were strengthened.
C. Martin Van Buren had a political falling out with President Jackson.
D. The political strength of President Jackson was weakened.
E. It encouraged Jackson to liberalize the nation’s divorce and coverture laws.
Answer: A
Page: 206
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20. In 1830, the Daniel Webster–Robert Hayne debate was begun by a political dispute over
A. the value of the two-party system.
B. the sale of public land.
C. slavery.
D. trade with England.
E. relations with Indian tribes.
Answer: B
Page: 206-207

21. Senator Robert Hayne represented the state of


A. New York.
B. Ohio.
C. Pennsylvania.
D. Virginia.
E. South Carolina.
Answer: E
Page: 206

22. In the 1830 Daniel Webster–Robert Hayne debate, Webster considered Hayne’s arguments to
be an attack on
A. free states.
B. the nation’s tariff policies.
C. President Jackson’s leadership.
D. federal authority.
E. the institution of slavery.
Answer: D
Page: 207

23. In 1830, what political figure said, “Our Federal Union—It must be preserved”?
A. Andrew Jackson
B. Robert Hayne
C. John C. Calhoun
D. Daniel Webster
E. Henry Clay
Answer: A
Page: 207

24. In 1830, what political figure said, “The Union, next to our liberty most dear”?
A. Andrew Jackson
B. Robert Hayne
C. John C. Calhoun
D. Daniel Webster
E. Henry Clay
Answer: C
Page: 207
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25. The nullification crisis came to an end in 1833 after President Andrew Jackson
A. authorized the use of military force to see that the acts of Congress were obeyed.
B. raised the tariff.
C. threatened to arrest supporters of nullification.
D. agreed to give a larger share of federal authority to the states.
E. acceded to John C. Calhoun’s doctrine of nullification.
Answer: A
Page: 207

26. The primary goal of the United States policy toward Indians in the early 1800s was to
A. spread the Christian faith among tribes.
B. protect Indians from attacks by white settlers.
C. assimilate Indian tribes into white society.
D. acquire the land occupied by Indian tribes.
E. preserve disappearing Indian traditions and culture.
Answer: D
Page: 208

27. The Black Hawk War


A. constituted a major, although temporary, Indian victory.
B. occurred in New England and upstate New York.
C. was notable for vicious behavior by the American military.
D. was sparked by the kidnapping of the leader of the Fox Indians.
E. resulted in the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes to the West.
Answer: C
Page: 208

28. The Supreme Court ruled in Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) that
A. Georgia could remove the Cherokee tribes if it served the “public good.”
B. the Cherokee had no right to file a legal claim in United States courts.
C. the entire process of Indian removal was unconstitutional.
D. the Cherokee tribes could only be removed if they were properly compensated.
E. Georgia had no authority to negotiate with tribal representatives.
Answer: E
Page: 208-209

29. The “Trail of Tears” taken by the Cherokees led them to the area that later became
A. Texas.
B. Oklahoma.
C. Missouri.
D. New Mexico.
E. Nevada.
Answer: B
Page: 209

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30. In 1830, the first of the “Five Civilized Tribes” to be removed to the West was the
A. Creek.
B. Seminole.
C. Chickasaw.
D. Choctaw.
E. Cherokee.
Answer: D
Page: 209

31. Of the “Five Civilized Tribes,” the tribe that best resisted the pressures of removal was the
A. Creek.
B. Choctaw.
C. Seminole.
D. Chickasaw.
E. Cherokee.
Answer: C
Page: 210

32. As a result of the United States government’s Indian policy, by the end of the 1830s
A. violence between white Americans and Indian tribes ended.
B. all Indian tribes were forced to intermingle on one large reservation.
C. new federal attempts were made to assimilate Indian tribes into white society.
D. the United States gained control of ten million acres of Indian lands.
E. nearly all American Indian societies were removed to west of the Mississippi.
Answer: E
Page: 210

33. In 1830, President Andrew Jackson vetoed a federal subsidy to the Maysville Road because
A. he sought to demonstrate his presidential power at a time when it was being questioned.
B. the road was not a part of any system of interstate commerce.
C. the subsidy was to be paid for out of tariff revenue, which he opposed.
D. he thought the proposal might jeopardize his bid for reelection.
E. he thought it would upset the balance created by the Missouri Compromise nine years earlier.
Answer: B
Page: 210

34. In the 1820s, under Nicholas Biddle, the Bank of the United States
A. was financially sound and profitable.
B. exercised little influence on state banks.
C. had restricted credit to growing enterprises.
D. prohibited the existence of state banks.
E. had to borrow credit from state banks to stay afloat.
Answer: A
Page: 211

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35. In the 1830s, the Bank of the United States was opposed by
A. “soft-money” advocates.
B. “hard-money” advocates.
C. Henry Clay.
D. both “soft-money” and “hard-money” advocates.
E. None of these answers is correct.
Answer: D
Page: 211

36. In the debate over the Bank of the United States, President Andrew Jackson agreed with
A. the “soft-money” advocates.
B. the “hard-money” advocates.
C. Henry Clay.
D. both “soft-money” and “hard-money” advocates.
E. None of these answers is correct.
Answer: B
Page: 211

37. In 1832, Henry Clay sought to use the debate over the Bank of the United States primarily to
A. politically embarrass President Jackson.
B. help his reelection to the Senate.
C. promote his “American System.”
D. boost his presidential candidacy.
E. exact revenge on Nicholas Biddle for a perceived slight.
Answer: D
Page: 211

38. Which of the following statements regarding the Bank of the United States under Nicholas
Biddle is FALSE?
A. The charter of the Bank was due to expire in 1836.
B. Nicholas Biddle had the support of Daniel Webster and Henry Clay.
C. The controversy over the Bank became the leading issue in the 1832 election.
D. President Jackson ordered the Bank closed before the expiration of its charter.
E. President Jackson went through several secretaries of the treasury before finding one who
would help him weaken the bank.
Answer: D
Page: 211

39. President Andrew Jackson’s success in abolishing the Bank of the United States
A. caused serious political damage to his administration.
B. led the nation into a period of long economic decline.
C. left the nation with an unstable banking system for many years.
D. led him to lose the political support of Roger B. Taney.
E. seriously damaged his support within the Democratic Party.
Answer: C
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Page: 212

40. The Supreme Court ruling in Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837)
A. outraged supporters of Andrew Jackson.
B. was a victory for federal authority.
C. continued the constitutional interpretation set forth by John Marshall.
D. affirmed the inviolability of contracts.
E. reflected Jacksonian ideas of democracy and economic opportunity.
Answer: E
Page: 212

41. Jacksonian Democrats


A. praised President Jackson as “King Andrew I.”
B. faced little political opposition by the mid-1830s.
C. were strongest among the merchants and manufacturers of the Northeast.
D. praised President Jackson as “King Andrew I,” were strongest among the merchants and
manufacturers of the Northeast, and faced little political opposition by the mid-1830s.
E. None of these answers is correct.
Answer: E
Page: 212

42. In the 1830s, Democrats were more likely than Whigs to support
A. the chartering of banks and corporations.
B. territorial expansion.
C. established wealth.
D. federally supported internal improvements.
E. the abolition of slavery.
Answer: B
Page: 213

43. In the 1830s, the so-called Locofocos were


A. radical Democrats.
B. defenders of monopolies.
C. southern slaveholders.
D. western farmers.
E. radical abolitionists.
Answer: A
Page: 213

44. The political philosophy of Whigs


A. opposed industrialism as a source of concentrated wealth.
B. favored expanding the power of the federal government.
C. encouraged the rapid western expansion of the nation.
D. allied the Whigs with the abolition movement.
E. celebrated “honest workers” and “simple farmers.”
Answer: B
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Page: 213

45. Of the following groups, support for the Whigs was weakest among
A. wealthy southern planters.
B. substantial New England manufacturers.
C. small western farmers.
D. aristocratic Americans.
E. evangelical Protestants.
Answer: C
Page: 213

46. In the 1820s, Whig support for the Anti-Mason Party demonstrated the
A. desire of the party to attract the largest possible number of voters.
B. intention of the party to refrain from political mud-slinging.
C. conviction that Masonry encouraged radical egalitarianism.
D. desire of the party to attract the largest possible number of voters, and the party’s intention to
refrain from political mud-slinging.
E. None of these answers is correct.
Answer: A
Page: 213

47. During the 1830s, evangelical Protestants tended to support


A. Democrats.
B. Irish immigrants.
C. Whigs.
D. German immigrants.
E. Masons.
Answer: C
Page: 213

48. Who among the following was NOT a leading Whig at some point during his political
career?
A. Martin Van Buren
B. John C. Calhoun
C. Daniel Webster
D. Henry Clay
E. None of these answers is correct; each was at some point a leading Whig.
Answer: A
Page: 213

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49. During its two-decade history, the Whig Party won the presidency
A. zero times.
B. one time.
C. two times.
D. three times.
E. four times.
Answer: C
Page: 214

50. The Whig Party was LEAST successful at


A. defining its political position.
B. attracting a loyal constituency of voters.
C. connecting with evangelical Protestants.
D. competing against Democrats in local, state, and congressional races.
E. uniting behind a strong national leader.
Answer: E
Page: 213

51. In 1836, Martin Van Buren won the presidency because


A. he was more popular with the public than was Andrew Jackson.
B. federal spending had supported an economic boom.
C. the political opposition offered multiple candidates.
D. land speculation had been reduced under President Andrew Jackson.
E. his opponent openly advocated ending Indian removal.
Answer: C
Page: 214

52. In 1836, Congress passed a “distribution” act that required the federal government to
A. apply a higher tax to foreign bondholders.
B. parcel out Indian land to the states.
C. reward loyal Democrats with government jobs.
D. make pension payments to veterans of the War of 1812.
E. disperse its surplus funds to the states.
Answer: E
Page: 215

53. In 1836, President Andrew Jackson’s “specie circular”


A. resulted in a severe financial panic.
B. was defeated by Congress.
C. was of considerable political benefit to Martin Van Buren.
D. required foreigners doing business in the United States to pay their debts in hard currency.
E. caused a significant rise in prices, especially the price of land.
Answer: A
Page: 215

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54. President Martin Van Buren’s “subtreasury” system
A. was a financial system to replace the Bank of the United States.
B. created a new national bank.
C. never became law.
D. quickly failed.
E. did not pass until his successor’s administration.
Answer: A
Page: 215

55. The presidential election campaign of 1840 saw


A. Martin Van Buren drop out of the presidential race.
B. the first influence of the “penny press” in politics.
C. Henry Clay chosen as the Whig presidential candidate.
D. the emergence of the Republican Party.
E. William Henry Harrison serve as the Democratic candidate.
Answer: B
Page: 215

56. In 1840, William Henry Harrison


A. was, at the time, the youngest man to win the presidency.
B. was a simple frontiersman with little money or resources to his name.
C. died before he took office.
D. was a Republican.
E. was part of a wealthy, large land-owning, frontier elite.
Answer: E
Page: 216

57. As president, John Tyler


A. was a Whig who had once been a Democrat.
B. favored the recharter of the Bank of the United States.
C. considered Andrew Jackson to be his political role model.
D. approved several internal improvement bills.
E. forced John C. Calhoun out of his cabinet.
Answer: A
Page: 217

58. In 1841, in the incident with the American ship Creole, the British government
A. supported the rights and freedom of mutinous slaves on the ship.
B. seized the ship because it carried slaves.
C. briefly declared war on American shipping.
D. refused to trade with American shipping companies that carried slaves.
E. returned mutinous slaves to Virginia at the request of President Tyler.
Answer: A
Page: 219

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59. Which statement about the 1842 Webster–Ashburton Treaty is FALSE?
A. It settled the Aroostook War.
B. It resulted in new territory being added to the United States.
C. It included an American pledge not to allow slave ships to land at British ports.
D. It included a British pledge not to interfere with American ships.
E. It significantly improved Anglo-American relations.
Answer: C
Page: 219

True/False Questions
60. The “age of Jackson” was notable for the advancement of economic equality in America.
Answer: False
Page: 198

61. Concern about losing their population to new western states resulted in the loosening up of
property requirements for voting in older states.
Answer: True
Page: 199

62. The Dorr Rebellion was generally consistent with Jacksonian principles.
Answer: True
Page: 199

63. During the Jacksonian era, free blacks could not vote at all in the South and hardly anywhere
in the North.
Answer: True
Page: 199

64. By 1840 the actual number of adult white males who voted had risen to 80 percent.
Answer: True
Page: 200

65. Alexis de Tocqueville’s study, Democracy in America, was a scathing portrait of the rise of
traditional aristocracies in American life.
Answer: False
Page: 201

66. During the Jacksonian period, political parties were regarded as a threat to democracy.
Answer: False
Page: 202

67. The Whig Party was the first national political party.
Answer: False
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Page: 203

68. As president, Andrew Jackson’s first political target was the Bank of the United States.
Answer: False
Page: 204

69. National political conventions were introduced during the Jacksonian period in order to
expand the democratic process.
Answer: True
Page: 205

70. Andrew Jackson believed a strong federal government would lead to a strong democracy.
Answer: False
Page: 205

71. As Andrew Jackson’s vice president, John C. Calhoun became a strong Jackson opponent.
Answer: True
Page: 206

72. The Peggy Eaton affair improved Andrew Jackson’s relationship with John C. Calhoun.
Answer: False
Page: 206

73. The Webster-Hayne debate concerned primarily the issue of the sale of public lands.
Answer: False
Page: 206-207

74. Calhoun’s defense of his doctrine of nullification was directed primarily at the issue of
tariffs.
Answer: True
Page: 206

75. Andrew Jackson sided with Robert Hayne in the Webster-Hayne debate.
Answer: False
Page: 207

76. President Jackson considered those who favored nullification to be traitors.


Answer: True
Page: 207

77. President Jackson was a strong advocate for protecting the autonomy of Indian tribes.
Answer: False
Page: 207

78. In the early nineteenth century, many whites viewed Indians as “noble savages.”
Answer: False
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Page: 208

79. President Jackson sought to remove all of the eastern Indian tribes except the “Five Civilized
Tribes.”
Answer: False
Page: 208

80. In the Black Hawk War, white forces attacked Indians as they surrendered and retreated.
Answer: True
Page: 208

81. In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, the Supreme Court ruled against the Indian tribe.
Answer: False
Page: 208-209

82. Unlike most other tribes, the relocation of the Seminole in Florida was never completed.
Answer: True
Page: 210

83. In the 1830s, as a result of removal policies, the United States gained control of more than
100 million acres of Indian lands.
Answer: True
Page: 210

84. President Jackson supported the Maysville Road because he believed that all roads made up
the nation’s transportation network and were, therefore, part of “interstate commerce.”
Answer: False
Page: 210

85. Opposition to the Bank of the United States came from both “soft-money” and “hard-money”
advocates.
Answer: True
Page: 211

86. The results of the election of 1832 could be interpreted as a defeat for both Henry Clay and
Nicholas Biddle.
Answer: True
Page: 211

87. In 1835, Andrew Jackson appointed John Marshall as the new chief justice of the Supreme
Court.
Answer: False
Page: 212

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88. The case of Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge could be interpreted as a victory for the
forces of democracy.
Answer: True
Page: 212

89. The Whigs were more concerned with uniting behind a national leader than defining their
political positions.
Answer: False
Page: 213

90. Jacksonians were more likely than Whigs to favor territorial expansion.
Answer: True
Page: 213

91. The Democrats were more likely than Whigs to oppose legislation establishing banks.
Answer: True
Page: 212

92. The well-to-do were more likely to support Whigs than Democrats.
Answer: True
Page: 213

93. President Jackson’s “specie circular” required that payment for public lands be done only by
state banknotes.
Answer: False
Page: 215

94. The Panic of 1837 began the worst American depression to that point.
Answer: True
Page: 215

95. The “penny press” was more lively and sensationalistic than previous newspapers.
Answer: True
Page: 215

96. The Washington Star was the first of the new “penny press” newspapers.
Answer: False
Page: 215

97. In 1840 the Whigs elected a president for the first time.
Answer: True
Page: 216

98. John Tyler saw every cabinet member but one resign together from his administration.
Answer: True
Page: 218
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99. The “Aroostook War” was the result of tensions over the boundary between Canada and
Maine.
Answer: True
Page: 219

100. The Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842 was strongly criticized in the United States.
Answer: False
Page: 219

101. During the Tyler administration, the United States established diplomatic relations with
China.
Answer: True
Page: 219

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
102. President Jackson’s attack on federal officeholders led to the introduction of what one of his
allies called the “________.”
Answer: spoils system
Page: 204

103. Jackson’s supporters created the ________ as a forum for selecting candidates for
president.
Answer: national convention
Page: 205

104. Thomas Dorr and his followers formed a(n) “________.”


Answer: People’s party
Page: 199

105. John C. Calhoun championed a states’ rights theory called ________.


Answer: nullification
Page: 206

106. John C. Calhoun argued that the federal government was a creation of the ________.
Answer: states
Page: 206

107. John C. Calhoun’s most powerful rival within the Jackson administration was ________.
Answer: Martin Van Buren
Page: 206

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in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
108. The main issue in the Webster-Hayne debate was states’ rights versus ________.
Answer: national power
Page: 207

109. The most successful of the “Five Civilized Tribes” when it came to resisting Jackson’s
removal policy was the ________.
Answer: Seminole
Page: 210

110. The forced Cherokee migration on what was called the Trail of Tears ended in the territory
of ________.
Answer: Oklahoma
Page: 209

111. In the election of 1832, Andrew Jackson was opposed by ________.


Answer: Henry Clay
Page: 211

112. ________ succeeded John Marshall as chief justice of the Supreme Court.
Answer: Roger B. Taney
Page: 212

113. Radical Jacksonians were known as ________.


Answer: Locofocos
Page: 213

114. William Morgan mysteriously disappeared shortly before he published a book, which
allegedly exposed the secrets of ________.
Answer: Freemasonry
Page: 213

115. The Great Triumvirate that the Whigs divided their allegiance among consisted of Henry
Clay, John C. Calhoun, and ________.
Answer: Daniel Webster
Page: 213

116. President Jackson’s distrust of paper currency became obvious when in 1836 he issued an
executive order called the “________.”
Answer: specie circular
Page: 215

117. Upon the death of William Henry Harrison, the former Democrat who became president
was ________.
Answer: John Tyler
Page: 217

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in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Essay Questions
118. What changes in the political process occurred during the 1820s that support the claim that
American democracy was on the rise?

119. How “democratic” was the United States during the 1830s? Who was included in the
political process and who was not?

120. What obstacles did Andrew Jackson see to American democracy? What steps did he take to
reduce those obstacles?

121. What steps did Andrew Jackson take as president to strengthen the authority of the federal
government? What did he believe should be the limit of that authority?

122. How did Andrew Jackson’s ideals of democracy compare with Thomas Jefferson’s?

123. How did Alexis de Tocqueville characterize democracy in America? What did he see as its
limits?

124. What role did political parties play during the 1830s and 1840s?

125. Since 1790, how had the nation’s general perception of political parties as part of the
democratic process changed, and why?

126. Why did Andrew Jackson not consider native tribes to be a part of democratic America?
How did his Indian removal policy fit into his concept of democracy?

127. What were the various tactics employed by the “Five Civilized Tribes” to resist removal?
Why were these tactics ultimately unsuccessful in preventing their removal?

128. What alternatives to Indian removal existed, and why were they not taken?

129. For what reasons did Andrew Jackson oppose the doctrine of nullification and the Bank of
the United States? What were the consequences of his successful defeat of the doctrine and
the Bank?

130. Characterize the presidency of Martin Van Buren.

131. What evidence supports the claim that Andrew Jackson was a “man of his times”?

132. What historical assessment would you give to Andrew Jackson’s presidency? What rating
would you give him as president? Explain.

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© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
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