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(Download PDF) Choosing Health 1st Edition Lynch Test Bank Full Chapter
(Download PDF) Choosing Health 1st Edition Lynch Test Bank Full Chapter
(Download PDF) Choosing Health 1st Edition Lynch Test Bank Full Chapter
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Chapter 7 Drug Use and Abuse
Multiple Choice
1. A drug is a chemical substance that alters the body physically or mentally for a ________ purpose.
A. nutritional
B. non-nutritional
C. non-psychoactive
D! None of the answers are correct.
ANS: B
DIF: 1
REF: 143
MSC: Understanding
5. The portion of college students who meet the medical criteria for drug addiction or dependence is
nearly
A. one in ten.
B. one in eight.
C. one in six.
D. one in four.
ANS: D
DIF: 1
REF: 143
MSC: Remembering
7. Which of the following illicit drugs is most popularly used in the U.S.?
A. Cocaine
B. Hallucinogens
C. Marijuana
D. Heroin
ANS: C
DIF: 2
REF: 144
MSC: Remembering
8. The non-medical use of ________ is the second largest category of illicit drug use in the U.S.
A. cocaine
B. heroin
C. hallucinogens
D. prescription drugs
ANS: D
DIF: 2
REF: 144
MSC: Remembering
9. The 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health noted variations in illicit drug use based on
educational status. It revealed all of the following except:
A. Drug use was higher among people without high school degrees.
B. Drug use was higher among people with college degrees.
C. College graduates were more likely to have experimented with drugs than people without high school
degrees.
D. The difference in drug use between college graduates and non-high school graduates was about 3%.
ANS: B
DIF: 3
REF: 143
MSC: Understanding
13. The depressed or "flat" feeling that drug users may feel when they are not taking a drug is related to
A. high levels of dopamine being released in the brain.
B. reduced production of the brain's natural chemical regulators.
C. the body being primed for repeat stimulation.
D. lower tolerance for the drug.
ANS: B
DIF: 2
REF: 144
MSC: Understanding
14. Drug use over a long period of time typically leads to what condition in the body?
A. Euphoria
B. Withdrawal
C. Tolerance
D. Misuse
ANS: C
DIF: 1
REF: 144
MSC: Understanding
18. All of the following statements about illicit drug use in the U.S. are correct except:
A. Males are more likely to use drugs than females.
B. Around 8% of Americans use drugs.
C. Rates of drug use are highest in the South.
D. Drug use is more common in urban areas.
ANS: C
DIF: 1
REF: 145
MSC: Understanding
19. Chewing tobacco commonly enters the body through which method of administration?
A. Injection
B. Inhalation
C. Mucosal absorption
D. Topical administration
ANS: C
DIF: 2
REF: 146
MSC: Understanding
20. Which of the following methods of drug administration is the slowest way for a chemical to reach the
brain?
A. Ingestion
B. Inhalation
C. Mucosal absorption
D. Topical administration
ANS: A
DIF: 2
REF: 145
MSC: Understanding
23. When a person takes two or more drugs at once, the physiological effects are likely to be greater if the
drugs exhibit
A. additive interactions.
B. antagonistic interactions.
C. selective interactions.
D. endogenous interactions.
ANS: A
DIF: 1
REF: 146
MSC: Applying
24. All of the following are common examples of prescription drug misuse except
A. taking the incorrect dose
B. taking the medicine at the wrong time
C. forgetting to take a dose of the medication
D. completing the required course of medication
ANS: D
DIF: 2
REF: 146
MSC: Understanding
25. The prescription drugs most commonly misused by college students are
A. sedatives.
B. painkillers.
C. stimulants.
D. antidepressants.
ANS: B
DIF: 1
REF: 147
MSC: Remembering
26. All of the following statements about over-the-counter medicines are correct except:
A. They may interact with herbal supplements.
B. They may not be safe for pregnant women.
C. They include allergy pills and cold medicines.
D. They do not present any of the challenges associated with prescription drugs.
ANS: D
DIF: 2
REF: 147
MSC: Understanding
28. All of the following are true about marijuana use in the U.S. except
A. more than 10% of Americans over the age of 12 use marijuana.
B. use at college is more common among males than females.
C. marijuana is often rolled and smoked as a cigarette.
D. it is the most commonly used illegal drug.
ANS: A
DIF: 2
REF: 147
MSC: Remembering
31. Long-term effects of marijuana use may include all of the following except
A. chronic cough and phlegm production.
B. bronchitis and other respiratory problems.
C. enhanced immune system function.
D. impaired cognitive ability.
ANS: C
DIF: 2
REF: 148
MSC: Understanding
32. Recall Andrea's Student Story from the chapter. Andrea gave up marijuana because
A. she was arrested.
B. she had a very bad experience after smoking a joint laced with PCP.
C. her boyfriend left her because of her drug use.
D. she spent all of her money on pot and ended up broke.
ANS: B
DIF: 1
REF: 148
MSC: Remembering
36. Symptoms of caffeine withdrawal may include all of the following except
A. headaches.
B. depression.
C. alertness.
D. anxiety.
ANS: C
DIF: 2
REF: 149
MSC: Understanding
37. Which of the following methods of taking cocaine produces the most rapid effect?
A. Eating it
B. Drinking it
C. Inhaling it
D. Freebasing it
ANS: D
DIF: 1
REF: 149
MSC: Remembering
40. Recall Wilmer's Student Story from the chapter. Wilmer is considering taking Adderall to help him
deal with
A. the pain resulting from a broken leg.
B. his hyperactive roommate.
C. his hectic work and school schedule.
D. withdrawal symptoms from using heroin.
ANS: C
DIF: 1
REF: 150
MSC: Applying
47. Rohypnol can make people vulnerable to sexual assault because it can cause
A. unconsciousness.
B. restlessness.
C. paranoia.
D. nausea.
ANS: A
DIF: 1
REF: 153
MSC: Understanding
52. Twelve-step programs are designed to help alcoholics and drug addicts by
A. taking them through a process of self-growth.
B. getting them to admit they have no control over their addiction.
C. having them make amends to the people they have harmed.
D! All of the answers are correct.
ANS: D
DIF: 1
REF: 157
MSC: Understanding
True/False
53. Most Americans use drugs during their lifetime.
ANS: TRUE
DIF: 1
REF: 143
MSC: Understanding
57. A mother who uses drugs can transmit them to her child by breast feeding.
ANS: TRUE
DIF: 2
REF: 146
MSC: Understanding
58. Toxicity is the dosage level at which a drug causes death.
ANS: FALSE
DIF: 2
REF: 146
MSC: Applying
59. Around half of all prescription medicines dispensed annually are not taken as instructed.
ANS: TRUE
DIF: 1
REF: 146
MSC: Remembering
60. Failing to complete a prescribed course of antibiotics can contribute to the development of
drug-resistant strains of bacteria.
ANS: TRUE
DIF: 1
REF: 146
MSC: Understanding
63. Smoking marijuana has none of the long-term health effects of smoking tobacco.
ANS: FALSE
DIF: 1
REF: 148
MSC: Understanding
67. Manufactured hallucinogens can be more potent than those derived from plants.
ANS: TRUE
DIF: 1
REF: 151
MSC: Understanding
69. Most inhalants slow down the body's function, much like anesthetics.
ANS: TRUE
DIF: 1
REF: 154
MSC: Understanding
72. Anyone admitted to a drug treatment program will probably face legal charges and spend time in jail.
ANS: FALSE
DIF: 2
REF: 157
MSC: Understanding
Matching
A. Ketamine
B. Psilocybin
C. Cocaine
D. Rohypnol
E. MDMA
73. Ecstasy
74. Crack
75. Magic mushrooms
76. Roofies
77. Special K
A. Nitrous oxide
B. OxyContin
C. Acetaminophen
D. GHB
E. Alcohol
Completion
83. A(n) ________ is a chemical substance taken to alter the body physically or mentally for a
non-nutritional purpose.
ANS: drug
DIF: 1
REF: 143
MSC: Understanding
84. The "feel good" neurotransmitter in the brain that produces the euphoria associated with drug use is
called ________.
ANS: dopamine
DIF: 1
REF: 144
MSC: Understanding
85. Drug users develop ________ to a drug over time, which means they need more of the drug to
produce the same effect.
ANS: tolerance
DIF: 1
REF: 144
MSC: Understanding
86. A complex, relapsing condition characterized by uncontrollable drug craving and use is called
________.
ANS: addiction
DIF: 1
REF: 144
MSC: Remembering
87. In ________ interactions, the effect of one drug is diminished when combined with another drug.
ANS: antagonistic
DIF: 1
REF: 146
MSC: Remembering
91. MDMA, GHB, Rohypnol, and Ketamine are known as ________ drugs.
ANS: club
DIF: 1
REF: 152—153
MSC: Remembering
92. Alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines are all examples of a class of drugs known casually as
"downers," a slang term for ________.
ANS: depressants
DIF: 1
REF: 154
MSC: Understanding
94. A ________ is a return to an addictive substance or behavior after a period of conscious abstinence.
ANS: relapse
DIF: 1
REF: 157
MSC: Remembering
Essay
95. How is substance dependence defined by the American Psychiatric Association?
ANS: It is defined as substance use that leads to significant impairment or distress and that is
characterized by at least three or more of the following within a 1-year period:
• The development of tolerance
• The experience of withdrawal symptoms
• Using the substance in larger quantities or over a longer period than intended
• Inability to cut down or control use of the substance
• Spending inordinate amounts of time on activities aimed at obtaining or using the substance, or
recovering from its effects
• Sacrificing important social, occupational, or recreational activities due to the substance use
• Continued use despite knowledge that the substance has caused or exacerbated a physical or
psychological problem
DIF: 5
REF: 144—145
MSC: Understanding
96. Describe the five basic ways that people self-administer drugs, and explain their effects.
ANS: • Ingestion is the process of swallowing and absorbing a drug through the digestive system.
It is the slowest way for a chemical to reach the brain.
• Injection is the process of using a syringe to inject a drug into the skin (subcutaneous injection),
muscle (intramuscular injection), or bloodstream (intravenous injection), Injecting a drug into a vein
sends it more quickly to the brain. As a result, the drug can deliver a quicker rush, but the high can also
fade faster, which leads to repeated use and a higher addictive potential. Injecting a drug can expose a
user to diseases.
• Inhalation is the process of breathing a drug into the lung through the mouth or nostril. Like injection,
it increases a drug's addictive potential because it speeds drugs into the bloodstream.
• Mucosal absorption is the absorption of a drug through the mucous membranes. Chewing tobacco is
absorbed through the mucous membranes of the mouth. Cocaine that has been snorted is absorbed
through the mucous membranes of the nose.
• Topical administration is typified by applying a drug directly to a body surface like the skin. A
nicotine patch, which is applied directly to the skin's surface, is an example of topical administration.
DIF: 4
REF: 145-146
MSC: Understanding
97. Explain three factors that help determine the physiological response to a drug.
ANS: Any three of the following:
• Weight–Someone who is heavyset may require a greater amount of a drug than someone who is thin.
• Sex–Women have a greater fat-to-muscle ratio and a lower amount of water in their bodies, which can
influence the effects of a drug.
• Ethnicity–For example, Caucasians generally transform antipsychotic and anti-anxiety medications in
the body more quickly than Asians.
• History of drug use–Long-term use can result in tolerance.
• Other factors include the influence of other drugs taken at the same time (additive and antagonistic
reactions).
DIF: 3
REF: 146
MSC: Understanding
98. What are some of the health concerns surrounding long-term marijuana use?
ANS: Because marijuana is usually smoked, users can end up with many of the long-term problems that
tobacco smokers do. Problems may be heightened because pot smokers inhale deeply and hold the smoke
in their lungs. Long-term health risks include daily cough and phlegm production, bronchitis and other
respiratory problems, lung damage, impaired immune system functioning, impaired cognitive
functioning, and possibly increased risk of cancer of the respiratory tract and lungs.
DIF: 4
REF: 148
MSC: Understanding
99. What are the health risks associated with methamphetamine use?
ANS: • Methamphetamine can cause a rapid or irregular heartbeat, boost blood pressure, and
reduce appetite. Irritability, anxiety, insomnia, confusion, and tremors are also side effects. High doses
can elevate body temperature to dangerous or lethal levels, as well as cause convulsions. Cardiovascular
collapse and death are not uncommon. Chronic abusers may experience aggressiveness, anorexia,
memory loss, hallucinations, and a paranoia that sometimes causes homicidal or suicidal thoughts.
• Chronic methamphetamine use significantly changes how the brain functions. Long-term use can
reduce motor speed and impair verbal learning.
• "Meth mouth" (severely stained teeth that appear to be rotting away or falling out) and cold sores may
also develop.
DIF: 4
REF: 151
MSC: Understanding
100. Define the terms codependency and enablers.
ANS: • Codependency is a situation in which family members or friends are part of a pattern that
may perpetuate behaviors that sustain addiction.
• Enablers are people who make it possible for a loved one to continue self-destructive behavior by
making excuses for them, or even protecting them from the negative consequences of their behavior.
DIF: 3
REF: 158
MSC: Understanding
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
the dry plain, were accompanied by inarticulate noises, like the cries
of bloodhounds. Kaweah comprehended the situation. I could feel
his grand legs gather under me, and the iron muscles contract with
excitement; he tugged at the bit, shook his bridle-chains, and flung
himself impatiently into the air.
It flashed upon me that perhaps they had confederates concealed
in some ditch far in advance of me, and that the plan was to crowd
me through at fullest speed, giving up the chase to new men and
fresh horses; and I resolved to save Kaweah to the utmost, and only
allow him a speed which should keep me out of gunshot. So I held
him firmly, and reserved my spur for the last emergency. Still we
fairly flew over the plain, and I said to myself, as the clatter of hoofs
and din of my pursuers rang in my ears now and then, as the
freshening breeze hurried it forward, that, if those brutes got me,
there was nothing in blood and brains; for Kaweah was a prince
beside their mustangs, and I ought to be worth two villains.
For the first twenty minutes the road was hard and smooth and
level; after that gentle, shallow undulations began, and at last, at
brief intervals, were sharp, narrow arroyos (ditches eight or nine feet
wide). I reined Kaweah in, and brought him up sharply on their
bottoms, giving him the bit to spring up on the other side; but he
quickly taught me better, and, gathering, took them easily, without
my feeling it in his stride.
The hot sun had arisen. I saw with anxiety that the tremendous
speed began to tell painfully on Kaweah. Foam tinged with blood fell
from his mouth, and sweat rolled in streams from his whole body,
and now and then he drew a deep-heaving breath. I leaned down
and felt of the cinch to see if it had slipped forward, but, as I had
saddled him with great care, it kept its true place, so I had only to
fear the greasers behind, or a new relay ahead. I was conscious of
plenty of reserved speed in Kaweah, whose powerful run was
already distancing their fatigued mustangs.
As we bounded down a roll of the plain, a cloud of dust sprang
from a ravine directly in front of me, and two black objects lifted
themselves in the sand. I drew my pistol, cocked it, whirled Kaweah
to the left, plunging by them and clearing by about six feet; a thrill of
relief came as I saw the long, white horns of Spanish cattle gleam
above the dust.
Unconsciously I restrained Kaweah too much, and in a moment
the Spaniards were crowding down upon me at a fearful rate. On
they came, the crash of their spurs and the clatter of their horses
distinctly heard; and as I had so often compared the beats of
chronometers, I unconsciously noted that while Kaweah’s, although
painful, yet came with regular power, the mustangs’ respiration was
quick, spasmodic, and irregular. I compared the intervals of the two
mustangs, and found that one breathed better than the other, and
then, upon counting the best mustang with Kaweah, found that he
breathed nine breaths to Kaweah’s seven. In two or three minutes I
tried it again, finding the relation ten to seven; then I felt the victory,
and I yelled to Kaweah. The thin ears shot flat back upon his neck;
lower and lower he lay down to his run. I flung him a loose rein, and
gave him a friendly pat on the withers. It was a glorious burst of
speed; the wind rushed by and the plain swept under us with
dizzying swiftness. I shouted again, and the thing of nervous life
under me bounded on wilder and faster, till I could feel his spine thrill
as with shocks from a battery. I managed to look round—a delicate
matter of speed—and saw, far behind, the distanced villains, both
dismounted, and one horse fallen.
In an instant I drew Kaweah into a gentle trot, looking around
every moment, lest they should come on me unawares. In a half-mile
I reached the station, and I was cautiously greeted by a man who sat
by the barn door, with a rifle across his knees. He had seen me
come over the plain, and had also seen the Spanish horse fall. Not
knowing but he might be in league with the robbers, I gave him a
careful glance before dismounting and was completely reassured by
an expression of terror which had possession of his countenance.
I sprang to the ground and threw off the saddle, and after a word
or two with the man, who proved to be the sole occupant of this
station, we fell to work together upon Kaweah, my cocked pistol and
his rifle lying close at hand. We sponged the creature’s mouth, and,
throwing a sheet over him, walked him regularly up and down for
about three-quarters of an hour, and then taking him upon the open
plain, where we could scan the horizon in all directions, gave him a
thorough grooming. I never saw him look so magnificently as when
we led him down to the creek to drink: his skin was like satin, and the
veins of his head and neck stood out firm and round like whip-cords.
—From “Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada.” Copyright and used
by kind permission of the publishers, Chas. Scribner’s Sons, New
York.
BOY WANTED
By Madge Elliot
One 24th of December, Mr. Oscar Blunt, who kept a large hat
store in the lower part of Broadway, was writing at his desk, which
was at the very end of the store, when somebody touched his elbow
softly, and, looking up, was much astounded to see a ragged boy,
whose old broad-brimmed hat almost hid his face, standing beside
him. He was so much astonished, in fact, that he dropped his pen
upon his paper, and thereby made a blot instead of a period.
“Why, my lad, how came you here?”
“I slid past some of the fellers. Wot a woppin’ big store dis is, and
wot lots of fellers it takes to stan’ ’roun’, an’ I cheeked some an’ I tole
de odders I had somethin’ most awful partiklar to say to de big boss.”
“And what have you most awful particular to say to me?” said the
“big boss” in a kinder voice than that in which he had spoken at first,
for there was something in the boy’s dark gray eyes that made him
think of a darling little son he had buried only a year ago in the same
grave where he had buried his wife the year before.
“Well, I seen in yer window a sigh wot reads, ‘Boy Wanted.’ An’ I’m
a boy; an’ as nobody never wanted me yet, sez I to myself, sez I,
‘Dusty, ole feller, p’r’haps there’s your chance at last,’ sez I, an’ in I
comes.”
“Sorry, but you won’t suit at all, my boy.”
“How do you know ’fore you try a feller? I know I ain’t worry pooty,
nor I hain’t got no fashnoble clothes, but I’m smart, I am. I’ve been to
night-school two winters, I have, an’ got a sixth ’ward of merit, I did,
wunst, an’ I kin read readin’ fust rate wen it’s only two syllabubbles
an’ I kin spell it out wen it’s three syllabubbles, an’ I kin speak some
four syllabubbles, an’ I can read writin’ wen it’s print-letters, an’ I kin
wissel you or any oder man in des ’ere tre-men-yu-ous (four
syllabubbles) old hat-box outer his boots.” And he began to whistle a
lively tune so loudly, clearly and sweetly that everybody in the large
store turned in amazement toward the desk, and listened.
“Yes, yes, I see you whistle remarkably well, but we don’t want a
boy to whistle.”
“I kin dance too. I danced for Johnny Sniffs ben’fit when he fell
inter wun of dem cole-holes in de sidewalk, and broke his leg off
short, I did, ’midst thunders of applause.” And cutting a double
shuffle he went off into a rollicking break-down, his big shoes
wobbling about, and the broad brim of his hat flopping up and down
at every step.
“Stop, stop! I tell you! I don’t want a boy to dance. You won’t do,
my boy; you won’t do, as I’ve told you before. Here’s a quarter for
you, and now go away.”
“I don’t want de quarter; nor I don’t want to go ’way,” persisted the
boy. “I didn’t come ’way from Fishhead Alley to dis swell street to go
’way so soon. I want a sit-u-wa-tion (four syllabubbles), I do. An’ de
fust thing I seen, wen I comes round de corner, was dat sign, ‘Boy
Wanted.’ ‘An’ dat’s good luck,’ sez I. ‘Go in, Dusty ole feller,’ sez I.
An’ I ain’t tole you haff what I kin do. Jess yez hole on a minnit. I kin
see a cop furder nor any our gang; an’ wen one comes in de front
door arter you, I kin give you de wink, quicker’n lightenin’, an’ out de
back door you pops. An’ I kin speak pieces, I kin—‘A hoss! A hoss!
my kingdom fer a hoss! Dere’s sixty Richmons in de field to-day, an’
I’ve killed every wun of dem. A hoss—’”
“Silence!” commanded Mr. Blunt; and then in spite of himself he
burst into a fit of laughter and laughed until he shook again, and
there was a great deal of him to shake—two hundred pounds at the
very least. “Tell me something about yourself, my boy, but mind, no
more performances of any kind. What is your name, and where do
you live, to begin with?”
“Dusty’s my name. I don’t know no odder. One feller, he’s from the
country, he is—calls me ‘Dusty Miller’; he sez ’cause dey’s a flower
wot dey calls ‘Dusty Miller’ dare. I believe he’s foolin’. But if I’m de
boy wot’s wanted, I must get a nobbier name dan dat. Wot’s your
name, boss?”
“Mr. Oscar Blunt.”
“Well, you might call me dat, too, without de mister. It soun’s werry
nice—‘Hoss car Blunt,’ or you might keep de Hoss car, an I’d be de
El-e-wa-ted (four syllabubbles) Road Blunt. Any way you’ve mind to.
You pay your money, and takes your choice. An’ I lives roun’
anywhere sence Aunt Kate died.”
“Aunt Kate? And was Aunt Kate your only relation? Have you no
father and mother?” asked Mr. Blunt.
“Nope; never had none, ’cept Aunt Kate. An’ I ain’t no frien’s, ’cept
Straw Hat. He keeps a paper stan’, he does; an’ onst he giv a party,
he did, in a charcoal-box. I wos dere, an’ it wuz bully, you bet. An’
I’ve got a little brudder.”
“A little brother?”
“Yep, sir. He wuz my cousin wunst, ’fore dey took Aunt Kate away;
but he’s my brudder now, an’ I got to take care of him. He jess
gobbles bread and milk, an’ dat’s w’y I’m lookin’ for a sit-i-wa-tion
—’nother four syllabubbles. Crackey! I’m as full of big words as a
diction’ry, I am. An’ Straw Hat he sez to me, sez he, ‘If you want me
to say you’re honest an’ sober an’ ’dustyous, I’ll say it,’ says he. He’s
a bully good feller, he is, an’ I ain’t givin’ taffy, neider. He’s took care
of me an’ my little brudder sence Aunt Kate died—dat’s lass week—
but he can’t do it forev’r’n’ever.”
“And where is this little brother now?”
“Sittin’ on your stoop, waitin’ till I come out.”
“Sitting on my stoop? Why he must be half frozen, poor little fellow.
Go and bring him in directly.”
The boy flew, and in a moment returned, leading by the hand a
wee child, who could just walk, and whose very small nose was blue
with cold, and who was wrapped in an old shawl, the ends of which
dragged behind him.
“He’s a boy too, an’ he’s real pooty, an’ if he’s the kind of boy yer
want, you may have him; but you must be awful good to him, an’ let
me come and see him. Say, boss, to-morrer’s Chrismus day!”
“Well, and what then?”
“Wen folks all gits presents, an’ fellers wot’s got stockin’s hangs
’em up, an’ spose, boss—jess fer fun—you let me an’ my little
brudder be your Chrismus present?”
“Done!” said Mr. Blunt, conquered at last by the boy’s patient and
persistent coaxing. “I’ll make believe I found one in each stocking.
But mind, Dusty, you must be the best of boys, and stop using slang,
or I won’t keep you.”
“You kin bet you bottom dollar I’ll do everything you want me to.
Horay! ain’t dis a bully racket? I’m de boy wot’s wanted in dis es-tab-
lish-ment (four syllabubbles) an’ I mean to be in-wal-u-a-ble—five
syllabubbles, by gracious! Mind my little brudder a minnit till I run an’
tell Straw Hat.” And before Mr. Blunt could say a word, the crown of
the hat was on his head, and he was out of the store and away.
And when he returned with Straw Hat the baby was sitting in the
lap of the good natured colored woman who kept the store clean, as
happy as any baby could be who had just eaten four sugar cakes
and a stick of candy.
And Dusty E. Road proved himself to be, as he himself said he
would be, the very boy wanted in that establishment.