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Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 07
1. Which of the following breaks down organic molecules and produces ATP, carbon dioxide, and water?
a. Aerobic respiration
b. Fermentation
c. Cellular respiration
d. Anaerobic respiration
e. Glycolysis
ANSWER: a
2. What is an anaerobic glucose-breakdown pathway that produces ATP without use of an electron transfer chain?
a. Cellular respiration
b. Fermentation
c. Glycolysis
d. Aerobic respiration
e. Anaerobic respiration
ANSWER: b
Chapter 07
a. NADP+
b. sulfur
c. oxygen
d. magnesium
e. phosphorus
ANSWER: c
8. Which of the following is an anaerobic sugar breakdown pathway that produces ATP, CO2, and ethanol?
a. Alcoholic fermentation
b. Lactate fermentation
c. Acetyl–CoA formation
d. Anaerobic respiration
e. Citric acid cycle
ANSWER: a
9. What is the correct operational sequence of the three processes listed below?
I. Glycolysis
II. Electron transport chain
III. Citric acid cycle
a. I → II → III
b. II → I → III
c. III → I → II
d. II → III → I
e. I → III → II
ANSWER: e
Chapter 07
11. How many ATP are spent before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four
e. Six
ANSWER: b
14. In the breakdown of glucose, a phosphorylated six-carbon compound is split into two phosphorylated three-carbon
sugars, which are named ____.
a. PGAL
b. pyruvate
c. acetyl-CoA
d. lactate
e. acetaldehyde
ANSWER: a
15. Substrate-level phosphorylation transfers phosphate groups directly from ____ to ADP.
a. a substrate
b. coenzymes
c. the electron transfer chain
d. ATP
e. the citric acid cycle
ANSWER: a
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 07
16. How many net ATP molecules are produced per molecule of glucose broken down during glycolysis?
a. One
b. Two
c. Four
d. 36
e. 38
ANSWER: b
Chapter 07
21. During the citric acid cycle, ____.
a. four CO2 molecules are produced
b. oxaloacetate is consumed
c. electrons and H+ are removed from the coenzymes NADH and FADH
d. molecules of carbon dioxide are consumed
e. oxidative phosphorylation occurs
ANSWER: a
23. What is the substrate of the first step in the citric acid cycle?
a. Pyruvate
b. Coenzyme A
c. Fructose bisphosphate
d. Oxaloacetate
e. Citrate
ANSWER: d
24. The final step of the citric acid cycle regenerates ____.
a. pyruvate
b. acetyl-CoA
c. fructose bisphosphate
d. oxaloacetate
e. citrate
ANSWER: d
25. Which of the following is not a product of the breakdown of dietary proteins for energy?
a. Amino acids
b. Ammonia
c. Pyruvate
d. Acetyl-CoA
e. Mitrate
ANSWER: e
26. When glucose is used as the energy source, the largest amount of ATP is produced in ____.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 07
a. glycolysis
b. acetyl-CoA formation
c. the citric acid cycle
d. substrate-level phosphorylation
e. electron transfer phosphorylation
ANSWER: e
29. The energy used to generate most of the ATP formed in aerobic respiration is released when electrons are passed from
NADH along a chain to ____.
a. oxygen
b. acetyl CoA
c. FADH
d. CO2.
e. NADPH
ANSWER: a
31. Complex carbohydrates such as starch need to be first broken down to ____________ before they are quickly taken
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 07
up by cells.
a. oligosaccharides
b. amino acids
c. monosaccharides
d. pyruvate
e. acetyl-CoA
ANSWER: c
32. Bakers use alcoholic fermentation to produce ____, which causes dough to rise.
a. alcohol
b. ATP
c. butyric acid
d. carbon dioxide
e. none of these
ANSWER: d
34. Lactate fermentation transfers the electrons and hydrogen ions carried by NADH directly to ____.
a. acetaldehyde
b. pyruvate
c. carbon dioxide
d. oxygen
e. myoglobin
ANSWER: b
35. The breakdown of ____ into cellular energy can involve glycolysis.
a. carbohydrates
b. fats
c. proteins
d. carbohydrates and fats
e. fats and proteins
ANSWER: d
36. The breakdown of ____ for energy production results in the formation of ammonia as a waste product.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 07
a. carbohydrates
b. fats
c. proteins
d. carbohydrates and fats
e. fats and proteins
ANSWER: c
37. Fats provide more energy than carbohydrates because they ____.
a. can be stored inside the cell for long periods of time
b. require more oxidation reactions to break down, thus releasing more electrons
c. are hydrophilic, thus entering cells easily
d. are liquid, thus requiring less energy for reactions
e. are partially oxidized initially, thus requiring less ATP for oxidation
ANSWER: b
38. Glycolysis
ANSWER: c
39. Fermentation
ANSWER: d
Classification. Use the five processes listed below for the following questions.
a. Glycolysis
b. Aerobic respiration
c. Electron transfer phosphorylation
d. Alcoholic fermentation
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 07
e. Lactate fermentation
43. In this process, the net energy yield is equal to two molecules of ATP, and the final product is ethanol.
ANSWER: d
44. In this one-step process, the final product is the ionized form of lactic acid.
ANSWER: e
Classification. Use the five compounds listed below for the following questions.
a. Ethanol
b. Pyruvate
c. Lactate
d. Carbon dioxide
e. Acetaldehyde
50. This compound is an intermediate product of alcoholic fermentation but not lactate fermentation.
ANSWER: e
51. This compound is produced from acetaldehyde when it accepts electrons and a hydrogen ion from NADH.
ANSWER: a
Labeling. Use these molecules to label the major inputs and/or outputs of the citric acid cycle on the figure
below.
Chapter 07
Figure 7.8
a. CO2
b. NADH
c. ADP + Pi
d. FADH2
e. ATP
53. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “53” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: b
54. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “54” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: a
Chapter 07
55. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “55” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: b
56. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “56” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: a
57. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “57” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: b
58. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “58” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: a
59. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “59" in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: c
60. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “60” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: e
61. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “61” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: d
62. What molecule corresponds to the item labeled as “62” in the accompanying figure?
ANSWER: b
63. Cells dismantle triglycerides by first breaking the bonds that connect fatty acid tails to _______.
ANSWER: glycerol
65. The electron transport chain begins when ____________________ or ____________________ are oxidized.
ANSWER: NAD+; FADH+
67. Aerobic respiration produces two substances that are used in photosynthesis. Which ones are these?
a. Glucose and oxygen
b. Water and carbon dioxide
c. Citric acid and carbon dioxide
d. Starch and alcohol
e. Glucose and carbon dioxide
ANSWER: b
Chapter 07
68. What is the ultimate fate of the carbon atoms in a glucose molecule that goes through aerobic respiration?
a. It is turned into starch.
b. It is converted to pyruvate.
c. It is converted to glycogen.
d. It is released as carbon dioxide.
e. It is recycled in the citric acid cycle.
ANSWER: d
69. Which process might be affected by the mutation of a transmembrane protein in the mitochondrial membrane?
a. establishment of hydrogen ion gradient
b. reduction of coenzyme NADH
c. reduction of coenzyme FADH2
d. glucose transport into the mitochondrion
e. transfer of acetyl CoA into the mitochondrion
ANSWER: a
70. Fatty acids must first be converted to which substance before they can enter the citric acid cycle?
a. PGAL
b. pyruvate
c. acetyl-CoA
d. amino acids
e. glucose
ANSWER: c
72. About how many net molecules of ATP are produced at the end of the three stages of aerobic respiration?
a. 38
b. 36
c. 32
d. 16
e. 4
ANSWER: b
Chapter 07
73. Which stage of aerobic respiration requires an input of two ATP?
a. glycolysis
b. acetyl CoA formation
c. citric acid cycle
d. electron transfer phosphorylation
e. fermentation
ANSWER: a
75. Which of the following is true regarding lactate fermentation in muscle cells?
a. It provides a quick burst of ATP.
b. It sustains muscle contractions during prolonged exercise.
c. It causes muscle soreness.
d. It is the predominant form of respiration in muscles.
e. Its products accumulate in muscle for extended periods of time.
ANSWER: a
WE LEAVE KABARA.
AT TIMBUKTU.
DROVE OF OXEN.
CHAPTER III