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(Download PDF) Operations Management in The Supply Chain Decisions and Cases 6th Edition Schroeder Test Bank Full Chapter
(Download PDF) Operations Management in The Supply Chain Decisions and Cases 6th Edition Schroeder Test Bank Full Chapter
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Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
Chapter 8
Managing Quality
4. Quality of design:
A. Is one of the four decision areas of engineering
B. Is determined before production by a cross-functional product design team
C. Means a product has high reliability, maintainability, and availability
D. Is the prime responsibility of production
8-1
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
7. A production center is available for 8 hours per day in a factory. It is comprised of several
rotary parts, and the worker operating it is required to lubricate these rotary parts once each
day. It takes 2 hours to remove these parts from the equipment, lubricate them, and re-
assemble them. The production center is not available for production during these times. The
availability of the production center is:
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 25%
D. Cannot be computed with the given information
9. Which of the following is NOT part of the quality trilogy that Juran advocates?
A. Planning
B. Operations
C. Control
D. Improvement
8-2
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
10. The Baldrige Award criteria emphasize all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Strategic planning
B. Process management
C. Customer focus
D. Zero defects
11. Which of the following is NOT true about the cost of quality?
A. Cost of quality is actually the cost of poor quality
B. Increasing prevention cost increases appraisal, internal and external failure costs
C. Training cost is an example of prevention cost
D. Warranty is an example of external failure cost
13. The six-step quality cycle approach includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Set quality standards
B. Define quality attributes on the basis of customer needs
C. Find and correct causes of poor quality
D. Reward employees for quality improvement
8-3
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
15. Which of the following is NOT true about the philosophies advocated by Joseph Juran?
A. Juran originated the idea of the quality trilogy
B. Juran stressed the use of statistical methods to control quality
C. Juran believed that planning is an important part of quality improvement
D. None of the above
16. Which of the quality gurus advocated organizations driving out employee fear?
A. Deming
B. Juran
C. Crosby
D. Ishikawa
E. Taguchi
17. Which of the following is the most important criterion (highest number of points) of the
Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award?
A. Process management
B. Results
C. Customer focus
D. Leadership
8-4
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
18. Costs of inspectors, testing, testing equipment, and labs are examples of:
A. Prevention costs
B. Appraisal costs
C. Internal failure costs
D. External failure costs
20. If an organization were having difficulty trying to get customers' opinions into the
definition of quality, which of the following approaches would be most suitable?
A. TQM
B. ISO 9000 certification
C. Quality Function Deployment
D. Six-Sigma
8-5
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
22. It is important to determine the quality of design even before producing the product.
True False
24. ISO 9000 standards guarantee that a product or service has no defects.
True False
26. The total cost of quality in an organization is the sum of control costs and failure costs.
True False
28. Availability refers to the length of time a product can be used before it fails.
True False
8-6
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
30. If a company uses three parts in a product, each with a yield of 50%, the overall rolled-
yield will equal 50%.
True False
Essay Questions
31. The definition of quality management has evolved from "quality by inspection" toward
"delivering competitive advantage to the firm." Briefly discuss the various definitions of
quality management described in this chapter.
32. Describe the concept of rolled yield and how it is related to managing quality in a supply
chain.
33. Describe the relationship between control costs, failure costs, and overall levels of quality.
8-7
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Hard
8-8
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
4. Quality of design:
A. Is one of the four decision areas of engineering
B. Is determined before production by a cross-functional product design team
C. Means a product has high reliability, maintainability, and availability
D. Is the prime responsibility of production
Difficulty: Hard
Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Easy
8-9
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
7. A production center is available for 8 hours per day in a factory. It is comprised of several
rotary parts, and the worker operating it is required to lubricate these rotary parts once each
day. It takes 2 hours to remove these parts from the equipment, lubricate them, and re-
assemble them. The production center is not available for production during these times. The
availability of the production center is:
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 25%
D. Cannot be computed with the given information
Difficulty: Hard
Difficulty: Moderate
9. Which of the following is NOT part of the quality trilogy that Juran advocates?
A. Planning
B. Operations
C. Control
D. Improvement
Difficulty: Moderate
8-10
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
10. The Baldrige Award criteria emphasize all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Strategic planning
B. Process management
C. Customer focus
D. Zero defects
Difficulty: Easy
11. Which of the following is NOT true about the cost of quality?
A. Cost of quality is actually the cost of poor quality
B. Increasing prevention cost increases appraisal, internal and external failure costs
C. Training cost is an example of prevention cost
D. Warranty is an example of external failure cost
Difficulty: Hard
Difficulty: Moderate
13. The six-step quality cycle approach includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Set quality standards
B. Define quality attributes on the basis of customer needs
C. Find and correct causes of poor quality
D. Reward employees for quality improvement
Difficulty: Easy
8-11
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
Difficulty: Moderate
15. Which of the following is incorrect about the philosophies advocated by Joseph Juran?
A. Juran originated the idea of the quality trilogy
B. Juran stressed the use of statistical methods to control quality
C. Juran believed that planning is an important part of quality improvement
D. None of the above
Difficulty: Hard
16. Which of the quality gurus advocated organizations driving out employee fear?
A. Deming
B. Juran
C. Crosby
D. Ishikawa
E. Taguchi
Difficulty: Easy
8-12
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
17. Which of the following is the most important criterion (highest number of points) of the
Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award?
A. Process management
B. Results
C. Customer focus
D. Leadership
Difficulty: Moderate
18. Costs of inspectors, testing, testing equipment, and labs are examples of:
A. Prevention costs
B. Appraisal costs
C. Internal failure costs
D. External failure costs
Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Moderate
8-13
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
20. If an organization were having difficulty trying to get customers' opinions into the
definition of quality, which of the following approaches would be most suitable?
A. TQM
B. ISO 9000 certification
C. Quality Function Deployment
D. Six-Sigma
Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Easy
22. It is important to determine the quality of design even before producing the product.
TRUE
Difficulty: Easy
Difficulty: Easy
8-14
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
24. ISO 9000 standards guarantee that a product or service has no defects
FALSE
Difficulty: Easy
Difficulty: Moderate
26. The total cost of quality in an organization is the sum of control costs and failure costs.
TRUE
Difficulty: Easy
Difficulty: Easy
28. Availability refers to the length of time a product can be used before it fails.
FALSE
Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Moderate
8-15
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
30. If a company uses three parts in a product, each with a yield of 50%, the overall rolled-
yield will equal 50%.
FALSE
Difficulty: Moderate
Essay Questions
31. The definition of quality management has evolved from "quality by inspection" toward
"delivering competitive advantage to the firm." Briefly discuss the various definitions of
quality management described in this chapter.
In the 1900s, quality management primarily meant inspecting the quality of a manufactured
product. Inspection was the fundamental method of monitoring quality during these years.
In the 1940s, the notion of controlling rather than inspecting quality of a product came into
existence. Control charts were used to monitor the production process and hence minimized
the need for inspection.
In the 1960s, the meaning of quality management included managing the quality across the
entire organization. Programs such as Total Quality Management stretched the need for
managing quality beyond manufacturing boundaries. These programs recognized the role of
employees in creating a defect-free organization.
In recent years, the meaning of quality management has evolved to include continuous
improvement, competitive advantage, and customer focus.
(Refer to Section 8.1 of the text to augment this answer.)
Difficulty: Moderate
8-16
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 08 - Managing Quality
32. Describe the concept of rolled yield and how it is related to managing quality in a supply
chain.
Rolled yield accounts for the cumulative defect rate received by the final customer in a
product or services that is made up of multiple parts or components. The yield is the
multiplied product of the yield rate of each part or component. The yield (good quality; non-
defects) for most parts/components should be 99% or more. But as parts with yield of 99%
are assembled into large products and services, and the yields are multiplied to determine the
yield of the final product/service, the final product/service can have a rapidly falling yield
rate.
Supplier management for quality requires that operations must manage risk and ensure
ongoing process control by suppliers. Supplier quality management requires a system not
only to select suppliers but to manage them on an ongoing basis. Certifying the supplier
(using quality standards) can help to accomplish this. For example, using ISO 9000 standards
and passing the related audits may be a means of accomplishing this.
(Refer to Section 8.5 to augment this answer)
Difficulty: Moderate
33. Describe the relationship between control costs, failure costs, and overall levels of quality.
Within control and failure costs, only the prevention category is a positive investment in
quality. The remaining three categories, internal and external failure, as well as appraisal
costs, indicate poor quality. Control costs typically rise with increasing quality levels, that is,
as more is spent for appraisal and prevention, products and services will have higher quality
(lower defects). Conversely, failure costs typically fall with quality levels. In other words,
failure costs are high when quality levels are low, and less is spent on internal and external
failure costs as quality levels rise. When no defects are produced, failure costs are virtually
zero.
Difficulty: Moderate
8-17
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
were comparatively free, though the difference in the amount of
shelling of the two places was not noticeable.
Of great importance with all gases is the posting of a sufficient
number of sentries around men sleeping within the range of gas
shell. The worst projector gas attack against the Americans was one
where the projectors were landed among a group of dugouts
containing men asleep without sentries. The result was a very heavy
casualty list, coupled with a high death rate, the men being gassed in
their sleep before they were awakened.
Degassing Units
Since mustard gas has a greatly delayed action it was found that
if men who had been exposed to it could be given a thorough bath
with soap and water within a half hour or even a full hour, the
mustard gas burns would be prevented or very greatly reduced in
severity. Accordingly degassing units were developed consisting
essentially of a 5 ton truck with a 1200 gallon water tank, fitted with
an instantaneous heater and piping to connect it to portable shower
baths. Another truck was kept loaded with extra suits of
underclothing and uniforms. These degassing units were to be
provided at the rate of two per division. Then, in the event of a
mustard gas attack anywhere in the division, one of these units
would be rushed to that vicinity and the men brought out of the line
and given a bath and change of clothing as soon as possible. At the
same time they were given a drink of bicarbonate of soda water and
their eyes, ears, mouth and nasal passages washed with the same.
Alarm Signals
Numerous, indeed, were the devices invented at one time or
another with which to sound gas alarms. The English early devised
the Strombos horn, a sort of trumpet operated by compressed air
contained in cylinders carried for that purpose. Its note is penetrating
and can be heard, under good conditions, for three or four miles.
When cloud gas attacks, which occurred only at intervals of two to
four months, were the only gas attacks to be feared, it was easy
enough to provide for alarm signals by methods as cumbersome and
as technically delicate as the Strombos horn.
With the advent of shell gas in general, and mustard gas in
particular, the number of gas attacks increased enormously. This
made it not only impossible, but inadvisable also, to furnish sufficient
Strombos horns for all gas alarms, as gas shell attacks are
comparatively local. In such cases, if the Strombos horn is used to
give warning, it causes troops who are long distances out of the area
attacked to take precautions against gas with consequent
interference with their work or fighting.
To meet these local conditions metal shell cases were first hung
up and the alarm sounded on them. Later steel triangles were used
in the same way. At a still later date the large policeman’s rattle, well
known in Europe, was adopted and following that the Klaxon horn.
As the warfare of movement developed the portability of alarm
apparatus became of prime importance. For those reasons the
Klaxon horn and the police rattle were having a race for popularity
when the Armistice was signed.
A recent gas alarm invention that gives promise is a small siren-
like whistle fired into the air like a bomb. It is fitted with a parachute
which keeps it from falling too rapidly when the bomb explodes and
sets it free. Its tone is said to be very penetrating and to be quite
effective over an ample area. Since future gas alarm signals must be
efficient and must be portable, the lighter and more compact they
can be made the better; hence the desirability of parachute whistles
or similar small handy alarms.
Summing Up
In summing up then, it is noted that there are several important
things in defense against gas. First, the mask which protects the
eyes and the lungs. Second, the training that teaches the man how
to utilize to best advantage the means of protection at his disposal,
whether he be alone or among others. Third, protective clothing that
protects hands and feet and the skin in general. Fourth, a knowledge
of gases and their tactical use that will enable commanders,
whenever possible, to move men out of gas infected areas. Fifth,
training in the offensive use of gas, as well as in defensive methods,
to teach the man that gas has no uncanny power and that it is simply
one element of war that must be reckoned with, thus preventing
stampedes when there is really no danger.
While these are the salient points in defense against gas, above
them and beyond them lies the vigorous offensive use of gas. This
involves not only the research, development and manufacture of
necessary gases in peace time, but also the necessary training to
enable our nation to hurl upon the enemy on the field of battle
chemical warfare materials in quantities he cannot hope to attain.
CHAPTER XXV
PEACE TIME USES OF GAS
“Peace hath her victories no less renowned than war.” Thus runs
the old proverb. In ancient times war profited by peace far more than
peace profited by war if indeed the latter ever actually occurred. The
implements developed for the chase in peace became the weapons
of war. This was true of David’s sling-shot, of the spear and of the
bow. Even powder itself was probably intended and used for scores
of years for celebrations and other peaceful events.
The World War reversed this story, especially in its later phases.
The greater part of the war was fought with implements and
machines prepared in peace either for war or for peaceful purposes.
Such implements were the aeroplane, submarine, truck, automobile
and gasoline motors in general. The first gas attack, which was
simply an adaptation of the peacetime use of the chemical chlorine,
inaugurated the change. Gas was so new and instantly recognized
as so powerful that the best brains in research among all the first
class powers were put to work to develop other gases and other
means of projecting them upon the enemy. The result was that in the
short space of three and one-half years a number of substances
were discovered, or experimented with anew, that are aiding today
and will continue to aid in the future in the peaceful life of every
nation.
Chlorine is even more valuable than ever as a disinfectant and
water purifier. It is the greatest bleaching material in the world, and
has innumerable other uses in the laboratory. Chloropicrin, cyanogen
chloride and cyanogen bromide are found to be very well adapted to
the killing of weevil and other similar insect destroyers of grain.
Hydrocyanic acid gas is the greatest destroyer today of insect pests
that otherwise would ruin the beautiful orange and lemon groves of
California and the South.
Fig. 120.