Key Findings Nohsa 2020

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MOH/K/GIG/7-2023 (BK)

NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020

Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan dan Morbiditi (NHMS) 2020:


Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan Mulut Orang Dewasa (NOHSA) 2020

Penemuan
Utama

PROGRAM KESIHATAN PERGIGIAN


KEMENTERIAN KESIHATAN MALAYSIA
2023 Program Kesihatan Pergigian, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Data Pengkatalogan-dalam-Penerbitan

Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan dan Morbiditi (NHMS) 2020 (NMRR-18-3189-44705)


Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan Mulut Orang Dewasa (NOHSA) 2020: Penemuan Utama

e ISBN 978-629-98561-6-0
MOH/K/GIG/7-2023(BK)

Penafian:
Segala pandangan yang disampaikan di dalam buku infografik ini adalah dari pengarang sahaja
dan tidak semestinya melambangkan pandangan penyelidik tinjauan yang lain ataupun
pandangan dan polisi Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia.

Cadangan Petikan:
Program Kesihatan Pergigian 2023. Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan dan Morbiditi (NHMS) 2020:
Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan Mulut Orang Dewasa (NOHSA) 2020 - Penemuan Utama

Diterbitkan dan diedarkan oleh:


Program Kesihatan Pergigian
Aras 5, Blok E10, Kompleks E
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan
62590 Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya
Malaysia
Tel: +603-8883 4215
E-mel: ohd@moh.gov.my

Reka letak dan grafik:


Cawangan Epidemiologi dan Penyelidikan Kesihatan Pergigian
Program Kesihatan Pergigian, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia

Penggunaan dan penyebaran dokumen ini adalah digalakkan. Walaubagaimanapun,


salinan yang diterbitkan tidak boleh digunakan untuk tujuan komersil. Muat turun laporan
penuh di https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/

Para pengarang mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Ketua Pengarah Kesihatan Malaysia
atas kebenaran menerbitkan dokumen ini.
Senarai infografik
1 Ringkasan tinjauan
Nurulasmak Mohamed, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

2 Kaedah tinjauan
Nurulasmak Mohamed, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

3 Info gigi kekal


Nurul Izzah Ali, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi
Othman

4 Karies gigi: Situasi terkini


Noor Akmal Muhamat, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

5 Penyakit mulut tersembunyi dalam kalangan rakyat Malaysia


Ainon Natrah Aminnudin, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

6 Lesi mulut: Apakah keadaannya di Malaysia?


Nurul Izzah Ali, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub , Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi
Othman

7 Prostesis pergigian: dipakai dan diperlukan


Rathmawati Ahmad, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

8 Rawatan pergigian: Sejauh manakah keperluan rakyat Malaysia?


Rokiah Mamikutty, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

Apakah pendapat anda tentang kesihatan pergigian anda dan


9 adakah anda berpuas hati?
Nurul Hayati Anwar, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

10
Kesihatan pergigian dan kualiti hidup
Sabrina Julia Mohd Jeffry, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit
Chie, Noormi Othman

11 Kesedaran tentang mesej kesihatan pergigian


Aznilawati Abdul Aziz, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

12 Penggunaan ubat gigi


Dewi Mayang Sari Kamarozaman, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia
Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

13 Pemeriksaan Mulut Kendiri (MSE)


Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

14 Tabiat mengunyah sirih


Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

15 Penggunaan penapis air di rumah


Sabrina Julia Mohd Jeffry, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit
Chie, Noormi Othman
NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Ringkasan tinjauan

Tinjauan Kebangsaan Kesihatan

10
Mulut Orang Dewasa (NOHSA)
pertama telah dijalankan pada
tahun 1990 dan dilaksanakan
sekali dalam 10 tahun NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020
Tinjauan kebangsaan

1 kesihatan mulut orang


dewasa pertama di bawah
bidang kuasa Institut
Tinjauan bertujuan untuk Kesihatan Negara, NIH

15
menilai status kesihatan
mulut penduduk dewasa
berumur 15 tahun ke atas
dan keperluan rawatan

Tinjauan NOHSA 2020 merangkumi 2 komponen utama:

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Kaedah tinjauan

Semua Negeri &


Wilayah Persekutuan
melibatkan

704
Blok Perhitungan (BP)

6,895
Kediaman

16,734
Responden

70.0%
Kadar respon
keseluruhan

TEMU BUAL BERSEMUKA


REKABENTUK TINJAUAN DAN PEMERIKSAAN
KERATAN RENTAS KLINIKAL MULUT
Tinjauan populasi Persetujuan individu dan ibu bapa
diperolehi sebelum soalselidik

REKA BENTUK ALAT KAJIAN


PERSAMPELAN RAWAK Penggunaan borang soal selidik
BERSTRATA DUA yang telah divalidasi dan format
tinjauan klinikal
PERINGKAT

NMRR-18-3189-44705 ANALISA DATA


Protokol kajian mendapat Penerbitan hasil kajian dalam
kelulusan Jawatankuasa Etika dan bentuk laporan teknikal
Perubatan (MREC), KKM

PENGUMPULAN DATA RUJUKAN


Ke klinik pergigian kerajaan yang
1 Julai hingga 30 September 2022 berhampiran sekiranya perlu

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Info gigi kekal

Secara idealnya, seorang dewasa mempunyai 32 batang gigi kekal

Orang dewasa Malaysia 24


mempunyai purata batang gigi kekal

Kira-kira

1 juta
1 daripada 20
populasi berumur
≥ 35 tahun tidak

orang dewasa berumur ≥ 35


mempunyai gigi

tahun tidak mempunyai gigi

Peratusan orang dewasa tidak


mempunyai gigi mengikut
kumpulan umur:
35.0
34.8
30.0
25.0

34.3%
23.4
Peratus (%)

20.0
15.0
11.8
10.0
5.0 2.2 orang dewasa berumur 60

0.1
0.0
35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 ≥ 75 dan ke atas mempunyai
Kumpulan umur
20 batang gigi

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Karies gigi: Situasi terkini

17 daripada 20
orang dewasa Malaysia
mempunyai gigi berlubang

Setiap seorang dewasa Malaysia


mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya 10
batang gigi yang rosak akibat karies gigi
(sama ada karies aktif, telah ditampal
atau dicabut)

orang dewasa berumur


1 daripada 5 ≥ 50 tahun mempunyai
karies akar gigi

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Penyakit mulut tersembunyi dalam


kalangan rakyat Malaysia
Ramai yang tidak menyedari Gigi Periodontium

bahawa mereka menghidap Gusi

penyakit periodontal kerana Simentum


Ligamen periodontal
penyakit ini tidak menyebabkan Tulang alveolar

kesakitan pada peringkat awal

orang dewasa
9 daripada 10 Malaysia mempunyai
periodontium yang
tidak sihat

Periodontium Pendarahan semasa


Kalkulus
sihat pemproban

5.1% 4.7% 51.5%

Poket periodontium

38.2% cetek

23.7%
populasi yang
mempunyai Poket periodontium
periodontitis dalam

14.5%
Dalam kalangan mereka yang mempunyai poket periodontium yang dalam:

27.5% 24.0%
menghidap menghidap penyakit
diabetes kardiovaskular

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Lesi mulut: Apakah keadaannya di


Malaysia?

1 daripada 10

orang dewasa mempunyai lesi mulut

Lesi tisu lembut

9.5% Lesi tisu keras


orang dewasa mengalami
lesi tisu lembut*
*tisu lembut = bibir, gusi, lidah, lantai mulut, lelangit, tulang
alveolar, sulkus & mukosa di permukaan labial & bukal

Dalam kalangan yang


mengalami lesi tisu lembut: 0.7%
^
orang dewasa mempunyai
Lesi merah (11.0%)
keabnormalan tulang
Lesi putih (29.5%)
Ulser (33.8%)
Lain-lain (33.1%)
^ Responden boleh mengalami lebih daripada 1 lesi tisu lembut

Dalam kalangan yang mengalami lesi mulut:


Jangkitan (15.9%) *
37.7% Sakit (12.4%)
Lesi pramalignan /
memerlukan malignan yang disyaki
(10.0%)
rujukan
Lain-lain (3.8%)
*Responden boleh mempunyai lebih daripada
1 sebab rujukan

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Prostesis pergigian: dipakai dan diperlukan

1 daripada 6 1 daripada 2
orang dewasa memakai orang dewasa memerlukan
prostesis gigi prostesis gigi

jenis prostesis pergigian jenis prostesis pergigian


yang paling kerap dipakai* yang paling diperlukan*

Dentur Dentur
sebahagian sebahagian
8.0% 31.4%

Dentur Prostesis
penuh tetap
5.0% 10.2%

Prostesis Dentur Dentur Prostesis


tetap penuh sebahagian tetap
1.8% 4.9%
* daripada jumlah populasi

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Rawatan pergigian: Sejauh manakah


keperluan rakyat Malaysia?

94.6%
orang dewasa Malaysia
memerlukan rawatan pergigian

daripada 10 orang
daripada 10 orang
dewasa memerlukan
dewasa Malaysia
rawatan pergigian
memerlukan penjagaan
akibat gigi berlubang
gusi

daripada 10 orang daripada 100 orang


dewasa memerlukan dewasa Malaysia
prostesis pergigian memerlukan rawatan
lesi mulut

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Apakah pendapat anda tentang


kesihatan pergigian anda dan adakah
anda berpuas hati?

Saya rasa keadaan kesihatan pergigian saya


adalah...

53% 5%
42%
Amat Tidak
Memuaskan
memuaskan memuaskan

berpuas hati dengan


7 keadaan kesihatan
daripada 10 pergigian mereka

merasakan mereka
7 memerlukan rawatan
daripada 10 pergigian

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Kesihatan pergigian dan kualiti hidup

4 daripada 10
orang dewasa Malaysia mengalami
impak sosial, disebabkan oleh
keadaan mulut dalam tempoh tiga
bulan* yang lalu * sebelum temu bual

Domain yang paling terjejas

25.5% 13.9% 13.4%


Ketidakselesaan Pengehadan Ketidakupayaan
psikologi fungsian fizikal

Kesan yang paling biasa dilaporkan


Ketidakselesaan psikologi

Ketidakselesaan akibat 23.8%


makanan terlekat di celah-
celah gigi atau dentur

Ketidakupayaan fizikal

Mengelak makan makanan 10.4%


tertentu

Pengehadan fungsian

Kesukaran mengunyah 8.3%

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Kesedaran tentang mesej kesihatan


pergigian

5 daripada 10
menerima mesej
kesihatan pergigian

Media sosial Sumber lain


30.5% Sumber Utama 18.7%
cth: Program sekolah,
Mesej Kesihatan klinik kesihatan
Pergigian

Media massa Kem kesihatan


18.6% 2.2%

Media sosial Media massa

Tertinggi di kalangan: Tertinggi di kalangan:


Kumpulan umur 25-29 tahun: Kumpulan umur 45-54 tahun:
45.8% 21.6%
Perempuan: 32.6% Perempuan: 20.1%
Bandar: 31.7% Luar bandar: 22.5%
Pelajar: 37.3% Tidak bekerja: 19.8%

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Penggunaan ubat gigi

9 daripada 10
menggunakan ubat gigi 94.7%
semasa memberus gigi menggunakan ubat
gigi berfluorida

Dalam kalangan orang dewasa yang menggunakan ubat gigi


berfluorida

44.5%
Tidak mengetahui sama ada
ubat gigi yang digunakan
mengandungi fluorida

APAKAH YANG PERLU Baca label sebelum membeli ubat


SAYA LAKUKAN? gigi
Pastikan kandungan ubat gigi
mengandungi fluorida
BACA
LABEL
Gunakan ubat gigi berfluorida
semasa memberus gigi

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Pemeriksaan Mulut Kendiri (MSE)

Pengesanan awal kanser


Mengapakah
mulut boleh dikesan melalui
MSE penting? pemeriksaan mulut kendiri

1 daripada 4
orang dewasa
Malaysia
mengetahui
tentang MSE

6
langkah
MSE
Dalam kalangan
yang mengetahui
mengenai MSE

86.0%
mengamalkannya

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Tabiat mengunyah sirih

Tabiat mengunyah sirih


TAHUKAH ANDA? merupakan faktor risiko
kanser mulut

Dalam kalangan yang


mengunyah sirih,

3 daripada 10 51.4%
mengamalkan tabiat
orang dewasa Malaysia sekurang-kurangnya 3
mengunyah sirih hari seminggu

Tabiat mengunyah sirih


Jenis kunyahan sirih
yang paling tinggi dalam
yang sering diamalkan
kalangan etnik
73.8%

42.6%

21.1%
18.7%
21.2%

7.2%
4.5%

Orang asli Lain- Bumiputera Bumiputera Daun sirih Pinang Daun sirih
lain Sarawak Sabah dengan pinang sahaja dengan pinang
dan tembakau

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Penggunaan penapis air di rumah

71.4%
2020

42.0%
2010
menggunakan penapis air

Jenis penapis air yang digunakan

47.2 % 35.7 %
5.9% (2010) 28.6% (2010)

Osmosis berbalik Karbon diaktifkan

15.9% 15.0%
2.0% (2010) 7.9% (2010)

Lain-lain jenis Tidak dapat dikesan

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


MOH/K/GIG/7-2023 (BK)

NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020

National Health and Morbidity Survey 2020:


National Oral Health Survey of Adults 2020

Key
Findings

ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMME


MINISTRY OF HEALTH MALAYSIA
2023 Oral Health Programme, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2020 (NMRR-18-3189-44705)


National Oral Health Survey of Adults (NOHSA) 2020: Key Findings

e ISBN 978-629-98561-6-0
MOH/K/GIG/7-2023(BK)

Disclaimer:
The views expressed in this infographic booklet are those of the authors alone and do not
necessarily represent the opinions of the other investigators participating in the survey, nor the
view or policy of the Ministry of Health.

Suggested citiation:
Oral Health Programme 2023. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2020: National Oral
Health Survey of Adults (NOHSA) 2020 - Key Findings

Published and distributed by:


Oral Health Programme
Level 5, Block E10, Complex E
Federal Government Administrative Centre
62590 Putrajaya, Federal Territory Putrajaya
Malaysia
Tel: +603-8883 4215
E-mail: ohd@moh.gov.my

Layout and graphics:


Oral Health Epidemiology and Research Section
Oral Health Programme, Ministry of Health

Use and dissemination of this document is encouraged. However, published copies may
not be used for commercial purposes. Download the full report at
https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/

The authors wish to thank the Director General of Health Malaysia for permission to
publish this document.
List of infographics
1 Overview of the survey
Nurulasmak Mohamed, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

2 Survey methodology
Nurulasmak Mohamed, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

3 Permanent teeth info


Nurul Izzah Ali, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi
Othman

4 Dental caries: Current situation


Noor Akmal Muhamat, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

5 Hidden oral diseases among Malaysians


Ainon Natrah Aminnudin, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

6 Oral lesion: What is the situation in Malaysia?


Nurul Izzah Ali, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub , Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi
Othman

7 Dental prosthesis: worn and needed


Rathmawati Ahmad, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

8 Dental treatment: To what extent it is needed by Malaysian?


Rokiah Mamikutty, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

9
What do you think of your oral health and are you satisfied?
Nurul Hayati Anwar, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

10 Oral health and Quality of Life


Sabrina Julia Mohd Jeffry, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit
Chie, Noormi Othman

11 Awareness of oral health messages


Aznilawati Abdul Aziz, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie,
Noormi Othman

12 The use of toothpaste


Dewi Mayang Sari Kamarozaman, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia
Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

13 Mouth Self Examination (MSE)


Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

14 Betel quid chewing habit


Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit Chie, Noormi Othman

15 Household water filter


Sabrina Julia Mohd Jeffry, Siti Kamilah Mohamad Kasim, Habibah Yacob @ Ya'akub, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Chia Jit
Chie, Noormi Othman
NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Overview of the survey

The first National Oral

10
Health Survey of Adults
(NOHSA) was conducted in
1990 and repeated once in
10 years
NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020

1
The first oral health adult
survey under the purview of
the Institute for Public
Survey aimed to assess Health, NIH

15
oral health status of
adult population aged
15 years and above and
their treatment needs

The NOHSA 2020 survey covered 2 main components:

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Survey methodology

All States &


Federal Territories
involved

704
Enumeration blocks

6,895
Houses

16,734
Respondents

70.0%
Overall
response rate

FACE TO FACE INTERVIEW


CROSS-SECTIONAL AND CLINICAL ORAL
STUDY DESIGN EXAMINATION
Population-based study Individual and parental consent
obtained before survey

TWO-STAGE TOOLS
STRATIFIED Validated questionnaire and
SAMPLING DESIGN clinical survey format

NMRR-18-3189-44705
Study protocol approved by DATA ANALYSIS
Medical Research and Ethics Publication of findings into report
Committee (MREC), MOH

DATA COLLECTION REFERRAL


To the nearest government dental
1 July to 30 September 2022 clinic if needed

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Permanent teeth info

Ideally, an adult has 32 permanent teeth

Malaysian adult 24
has an average of permanent teeth

That's about

1 million
1 in 20 populations aged
≥ 35 years have
no teeth
adult Malaysians aged
≥ 35 years has no teeth

Percentage of adults not


having teeth by age group:
35.0
34.8
30.0
25.0
Percentage (%)

23.4

34.3%
20.0
15.0
11.8
10.0
5.0 2.2
0.1
adults aged 60 year and

0.0
35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 ≥ 75
Age group
above have 20 teeth

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Dental caries: Current situation

17 in 20
adults in Malaysia
have tooth decay

Every one (1) Malaysian adult has


at least 10 teeth affected by
caries (either active caries, had
been filled or extracted)

1 in 5 adult Malaysians
aged ≥
50 years has
root caries

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Hidden oral diseases among Malaysians

In most cases, people are Tooth Periodontium

unaware that they have Gingiva


Cementum
periodontal disease as this Periodontal

disease is painless at early stage ligament


Alveolar bone

9 in 10 adults in Malaysia
have unhealthy
periodontium

Healthy Bleeding
Calculus
periodontium on probing
5.1% 4.7% 51.5%

Shallow

38.2% gingival pockets

23.7%
of population
have Deep
periodontitis gingival pockets

14.5%
Amongst those who have deep periodontal pockets:

27.5% 24.0%
have diabetes have cardiovascular
disease

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: TINJAUAN KESIHATAN MULUT ORANG DEWASA 2020 Penemuan Utama

Oral lesion: What is the situation in


Malaysia?

1 in 10

adult has oral lesion

Soft tissue lesion

9.5% Hard tissue lesion


adults have *soft tissue
lesions
(*soft tissue = lip, gum, tongue, floor of mouth, palate,
alveolar ridges, labial & buccal mucosa and sulci)

Amongst those who have


soft tissue lesions: 0.7%
adults have bony
Red lesion (11.0%) ^
abnormalities
White lesion (29.5%)
Ulcer (33.8%)
Others (33.1%)
^Respondents may have more than 1 soft tissue lesions

Amongst those who have oral lesions:


Infection (15.9%) *
37.7% Pain (12.4%)
Suspected
needed premalignant /
malignant lesion (10.0%)
referral
Others (3.8%)
*Respondents may have more than 1 reason for referral

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Dental prosthesis: worn and needed

1 in 6 1 in 2
adults wear adults need
dental prosthesis dental prosthesis

types of dental types of dental


prosthesis most prosthesis
worn* most needed*

Partial Partial
denture denture
8.0% 31.4%

Full Fixed
denture prosthesis
5.0% 10.2%

Fixed Full Partial Fixed


prosthesis denture denture prosthesis
1.8% 4.9%
* of total population

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Dental treatment: To what extent it is


needed by Malaysian?

94.6%
of Malaysian adults need some
form of dental treatment

in 10 adults need
in 10 Malaysian adults dental care due
need periodontal care to tooth decay

in 10 adults in 100 Malaysian adults


need dental require some form of
prosthesis care for oral lesions

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

What do you think of your oral health


and are you satisfied?

I think my oral health is...

53% Excellent 42% Fair 5% Poor

7 in 10 satisfied with their


oral health condition

7 in 10 felt they need dental


treatment

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Oral health and Quality of Life

4 in 10
Malaysian adults had experienced
social impact, due to oral condition(s)
in the last three months*
* prior to interview

Most common domains affected

25.5% 13.9% 13.4%


Psychological Functional Physical
discomfort limitation disability

Most common impacts reported

Psychological discomfort

Uncomfortable due to food


stuck in between teeth or 23.8%
dentures

Physical disability

Avoid eating certain food


10.4%

Functional limitation

Difficulty in chewing 8.3%

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Awareness of oral health messages

5 in 10
received oral health
messages

Social media Common Other sources


30.5% Sources of Oral 18.7%
Health eg: School programme,
health clinic
Messages

Mass media Health camp


18.6% 2.2%

Social Media Mass Media

Highest among: Highest among:


25-29 age group: 45.8% 45-54 age group: 21.6%
Female: 32.6% Female: 20.1%
Urban: 31.7% Rural: 22.5%
Students: 37.3% Not working: 19.8%

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

The use of toothpaste

9 in 10
used toothpaste while 94.7%
brushing teeth used fluoridated toothpaste

Amongst those who used fluoridated toothpaste

44.5%
Did not know that the
toothpaste used
contained fluoride

WHAT SHOULD I DO? Read the label before buying


toothpaste
Make sure the toothpaste
READ
contains fluoride
LABEL
Use fluoride toothpaste when
brushing your teeth

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Mouth Self Examination (MSE)

Oral cancer can be


Why is MSE
detected early by doing
important? mouth self examination

1 in 4
adults in Malaysia
know about MSE

6 steps
for MSE
Amongst those
who know about
MSE

86.0%
practice MSE

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Betel quid chewing habit

Betel quid chewing habit is a


risk factor for mouth cancer

Among the betel quid


chewers,

3 in 10 51.4%
Malaysian adults practise practise habit at least 3
betel quid chewing days in a week

The highest betel quid The type of betel


chewing habit among chewing that is often
ethnicity practiced
73.8%

42.6%

21.1%
18.7%
21.2%

7.2%
4.5%

Aborigines Others Bumiputera Bumiputera Betel leaf Areca Betel leaf


of Sarawak of Sabah with areca quid only with areca
and tobacco

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


NHMS 2020: NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY FOR ADULTS 2020 Key Findings

Household water filter

71.4%
2020

42.0%
2010
using water filter

Types of water filters used

47.2 % 35.7 %
5.9% (2010) 28.6% (2010)

Reverse osmosis Activated carbon

15.9% 15.0%
2.0% (2010) 7.9% (2010)

Other types Unidentifiable

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/ NHMS 2020: NOHSA 2020


Program Kesihatan Pergigian
Aras 5, Blok E10, Kompleks E
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan
62590 Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya
Malaysia

https://hq.moh.gov.my/ohp/index.php/ms/

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