S E T O N E 8.

Weighing hot sample is not advisable as it affects the accuracy

of result. True or false?

A. SOILS Ans. True

1. What are the three (3) major groups of soil? 9. What test are used in soil classification?

Ans. (a) granular soil Ans. (a) grading or sieve analysis

(b) fine grained soil (b) plastic and liquid limit test
(c) organic soil
10. What are the method uses in reducing samples from the field to
2. What are the common laboratory test required for soil? testing size?

Ans. (a) sieve analysis and hydrometer test Ans. (a) sample splitter (method A)
(b) plastic and liquid limit test (b) quartering (method B)
(c) compaction test (moisture-density relation) 11. What is the required temperature for oven drying the soil
(d) California bearing ratio test sample?
(e) abrasion test (mass % of wear)
(f) unit weight Ans. 110 °C ± 5 °C
(g) moisture content
12. How to determine if the sample is already oven-dried?
3. What are the common field test?
Ans. sample is already oven-dried if it reach its constant
Ans. (a) field density test (FDT) weight
(b) moisture content
(c) density strip 13. How to prepare or to come up with air-dried sample?
(d) soil exploration
(e) boring test Ans. air dry the sample under the heat of the sun

4. What is the significance of field density? 14. If possible to air-dry sample under the heat of the sun what
alternative should be used?
Ans. To determine the degree of compaction of soil or it is
a control test in embankment construction to ensure Ans. oven-dry sample at 60 °C
adequate compaction.
15. Sample for liquid limit and plastic limit test should pass to
5. What is moisture content? what sieve size?

Ans. It is the amount of water present in the soil Ans. sieve # 40

6. What is the difference between natural moisture content with
hygroscopic moisture content?
Ans. Natural moisture content is the moisture of
undisturbed soil sample while hygroscopic moisture
content is the moisture of air-dried soil sample.
7. What is the formula used for moisture content determination?
Ans. Moisture content = ( wt. of water / wt. of oven dried
sample ) x 100
16. Sample for compaction test should pass to what sieve size?
Ans. method A & B use sample passing sieve # 4
method C & D use sample passing sieve # ¾
17. What is the difference between T-99 and T-180 compaction test
method?
Ans. T-99 uses 2.5 kg. (5.5 lbs.) Rammer with a drop of 12”
height
while, T-180 uses 4.54 kg. (10 lbs.) Rammer with a
drop of 18” height
 Ans. PL = (Wa-Wb) / Wb x 100 where: Wa = original wt. of
18. What is particle size analysis? crumbled soil thread
Wb = wt. of oven-
Ans. It is the determination of particle size distribution dried crumbled soil
in soils by sieve, hydrometer, or a combined analysis
28. What is Plastic Index (PI)?
19. What are the other terms for particle size analysis?
Ans. It is the difference between the liquid limit and
Ans. (a) sieve analysis plastic limit.
(b) mechanical analysis
(c) grading test / analysis 29. What is Specific Gravity?

20. What is liquid limit? Ans. It is used in a gravimetric-volumetric relationship in

Ans. It is the lowest moisture content at which the soil
will flow upon the application of a very small shearing
force
21. The liquid limit is expressed as the moisture content
corresponding to what number of blows?
soils, (or defined as the ratio of the wt. in air of
an equal volume of water at a started temperature)
30. What is the approximate depth of roadway embankments per
horizontal layer in loose measurements?
Ans. 335 sq. m.

Ans. 25 blows 31 What is the maximum depth of roadway embankments per horizontal
layer in loose measurements?
22. What is plastic limit?
Ans. 200 mm (8”)
Ans. It is the minimum moisture content at which the soil
can be readily molded without breaking or 32. What item of work is embankment?
crumbling.
Ans. Item 104
23. What kind of water shall be used in laboratory test especially
if it deals with chemicals? 33. What is the kind of material use for item 200?

Ans. distilled water Ans. Aggregate sub-base course

24. Liquid limit brass with sample is raised and allowed to drop
sharply on the base through a height of what? 34. What is the particle size for selected borrow for topping under
item 104 (embankment)?
Ans. 10 mm.
Ans. All particle size will pass a sieve 75 mm. or 3”
25. How many rotation per second will the crank of a liquid limit square openings and not more than 15% mass will pass
device be rotated? 0.075 mm. (no. 200) (AASHTO T11).

Ans. 2 rotation per second 35. P.I. requirement for item 104 (selected common borrow) is what?

26. In doing a plastic limit test to what diameter will the soil Ans. 6 maximum
thread will begin to break?
36. LL requirement for item 104 (selected common borrow) is
Ans. 3.2 mm. (⅛”) ___________ ?

27. What is the formula for plastic limit? Ans. 30 maximum

37. What is the requirement for item 200 (aggregate sub-base course)
passing sieve # 40? % Degree of Compaction = (2,335) / [ 1 + (8.85 /
100) ] x 100
Ans. 35 maximum 2,250
= (2,145.15 / 2,250) x
38. PI requirement of materials passing sieve # 40 for item 200? 100
= 95.34 %
Ans. 12 maximum
46. Is the soil for No. 45 passed the item 104 requirement for %
39. Coarse portion retained on sieve # 10 (2.00 mm.) of item 200 Degree of Compaction?
shall have a mass percent of wear by Los Angeles abrasion test
of what? Ans. Yes

Ans. 50 % maximum 47. What are the test and number of test needed for 1,800 cu.m. Item
104?
40. The required CBR value for item 200?
Ans. G or Grading = 2
Ans. 25 % minimum (AASHTO T180 method D). P or Plasticity = 2
C or Compaction = 2
41. What is the minimum % field density or degree of compaction for D or Density = three in-situ density tests / 500 sq.m.
item 104 (embankment)?
48. What are the test and number of test needed for 2,960 cu.m.
Ans. 95 % minimum Aggregate Base Course (Item 201)?

42. What is the minimum degree of compaction for item 200 and 201? Ans. G = 10
P = 10
Ans. 100 % minimum C = 20
D = three in-situ density tests / 500 sq.m.
43. What is the highest pt. in moisture density curve of the CBR = 2 (1 test for every 2,500 cu.m. or fraction
moisture density relation test or compaction test of soil thereof)
represents? Q = 2

Ans. MDD (Maximum Dry Density) and OMC (Optimum moisture 49. What are the apparatus / materials use for Field Density Test?
Content)
Ans. sand cone, jug (at least 4 liters), guide plate,
44. What is the required size of calibrated sand used for (FDT) moisture cans, sand, weighing scale, oven with
Field Density Test. temperature control, chisel or digging tools, plastic bags and
labeling materials (ag name)
Ans. Any clean, dry, free-flowing, uncemented sand passing
# 10 and retained # 200 sieves. 50. What is the standard diameter of an orifice in FDT sand cone?

45. What is the Degree of Compaction of soil having a maximum dry Ans. ½ inch (12.7 mm.)
density 2,250 kg./cu.m. and wet density of soil from hole
equivalent to 2,335 kg. per cu.m. and an average moisture
content of 8.86%? B. CONCRETE AGGREGATES AND CONCRETE:

Ans. % Degree of Compaction = (Dry Density / Max. Dry 51. How many hours does a fine aggregate tested for specific gravity
Density) x 100 and absorption be soaked in water?
Where: Dry Density = Wet Density / (1+MC/100)
Wet Density = Wt. of soil filled in Ans. 15 to 19 hours
hole / volume of hole
52. How to determine if the fine aggregate reaches the saturated - gives an indication of quality as determined by
surface dry condition? resistance to impact and wear
- it determines whether the aggregates will have
Ans. It is determine by the use of cone test for surface degradation during traffic or rolling
moisture and if the molded shape of fine aggregate slumps
slightly it indicates that it has reached a surface-dry 60. Quality test for cement is represented by how many bags of
condition. cement?

53. What are the tests required for concrete aggregates? Ans. 2,000 bags or fraction thereof

Ans. (a) Fine Aggregate: grading, specific gravity, 61. What is the sieve use in sieving materials from Abrasion
absorption, dry unit wt. Machine?
(b) Coarse Aggregate: grading, specific gravity,
absorption, dry unit wt. and abrasion Ans. sieve # 12 (1.70 mm.)
Note: soundness is also tested as per
request 62. Testing Machines should be calibrated once every six (6) months
if possible but if it is not possible what is the required time
54. What is the maximum mass % of wear by Los Angeles Abrasion Test? should the machine be calibrated?

Ans. 40 % maximum Ans. once a year

55. What is the required speed of Los Angeles Abrasion Machine per 63. Percent tolerance of error in calibrating the machines?
minute?
Ans. ± 1 %
Ans. 30 to 33 rpm
64. What is the sample for concrete pavement?
56. What is the size or diameter and weight of cast-iron spheres use
in abrasion Ans. concrete beam sample

Ans. Approximately 46.8 mm diameter and each weighing 65. How many sample should be taken for every 75 cu.m. fresh
between 390 – 455 grams concrete?

57. What is the formula for percentage of wear? Ans. 3 pcs. sample or set sample

Ans. Percentage of Wear, %
- wt. retained @ #12 sieve
original wt.
= (original wt. 66. What is the sample for structural concrete?
x 100
Ans. concrete cylinder sample
67. What is the test use to determine the consistency of concrete?

Ans. Slump test

58. What is the required total wt. of sample for abrasion test of
coarse aggregate, grading A with 12 number of spheres? 68. How to compute for the slump of concrete

Ans. 5,000 grams ± 25 grams. Ans. Slump = Height of slump cone – height of fresh
concrete after subsidence
59. What is the significance of abrasion test?
69. How to compute for the compressive strength of concrete cylinder
Ans. - it evaluates the structural strength of coarse samples?
aggregate
 Ans. CS = P where P = load, Ans. 16 mm (⅝ inches) diameter and 610 mm (24 inches) long
lbs. with the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip of the same
A A = area, diameter as the rod.
sq.in.

70. At what age should a concrete beam sample tested for flexural C. OTHER CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
test?
77. Concrete Masonry (hollow blocks) if subjected to test how many
Ans. 14 days sample is required?

Ans. 6 pcs. / 10,000 units , 12 pcs. if more than

71. How to compute the flexural strength of concrete beam sample 10,000 units
tested at third point loading?
78. What is the strength requirement for load bearing concrete
Ans. R = PL = P (18”) = masonry units
P .
bd² 6”x6”x6” Ans. individual = 5.5 Mpa (800 psi) minimum
12 average (for 3 samples) = 6.9 Mpa. (1,000 psi)
minimum
where: R = modulus of rapture
P = load in lbs. or tons 79. How about for non-load bearing concrete masonry units what is
L = span length in inches the required strength?
b = base in inches
d = depth in inches Ans. individual = 3.45 Mpa (500 psi) minimum
average (for 3 samples) = 4.14 Mpa (600 psi)
72. What is the minimum flexural strength for third point loading minimum
test?
80. What is the significance of testing reinforcing steel bars?
Ans. 3.8 Mpa (550 psi)
Ans. To determine the yield and tensile strength of the bar
73. What is the minimum flexural strength for center point loading as well as its elongation and is used to classify the
test? bars into grade.

Ans. 4.5 Mpa (650 psi) 81. What is the required length of RSB for testing?
Ans. 1 meter / 10,000 kgs. / size / shipment
74. How to compute for flexural strength at the center point loading 82. What is the significance of bending test for RSB?
test?
Ans. To evaluate the ductile properties of RSB
Ans. R = 3 PL = 3 P (18) .
2 bd² 2 (9) (6)² 83. What is the required size of test specimen for G.I. Sheets?
75. Which part of the batch for fresh concrete should the sample be
taken from a stationary mixes, Revolving Drum Truck Mixers or Ans. 60 mm x 60 mm (3 pcs. from one (1) sheet) / 100 sheets
Agitators?
84. What is the required sample for Paints?
Ans. Two or more regular intervals during discharge of
middle portion of the batch Ans. 1 can (gal. or pail) / 100 cans (gal. or pail)

76. What is the size of the tamping rod use in sampling concrete? 85. What kind of paint that has a reflectance in the form of beads?

Ans. Reflectorized Traffic Paint

86. What is the common components of house paints? Ans. True

Ans. pigment and vehicle 96. One set (3 pcs.) concrete cylinder sample shall taken for every
how many pieces of RCCP?
87. In submitting samples for test what is the pertinent paper to be
accomplished? Ans. 25 pieces

Ans. Sample Card

88. As a Materials Engineer of the project, what is the report to be

submitted?

Ans. Quality control Assurance Report

89. The report to be submitted at the end of the month?

Ans. Monthly Materials Report

90. What is the report that is being made before the project starts
so that the Laboratory Technician or the Materials Engineer
assigned will know what and how many sample of the construction
materials are to be tested?

Ans. Quality Contorl Program

91. How to determine the proportion of cement, water, fine aggregate

and coarse aggregate?

Ans. By means of Concrete Design Mix

D. ASPHALT

92. No Tack Coat or Prime Coat shall be applied when the weather is
foggy or rainy. True or False?

Ans. True

93. What kind of asphalt is use as Tack Coat?

Ans. Cut-back Asphalt (Rapid Curing) or Emulsified Asphalt

94. Where should the Bituminous Seal Coat be used?

Ans. on an existing Bituminous Surface Coarse with or

without an application of aggregate.

95. If concrete cylinder sample for RCCP is not available for

compression test one (1) whole piece RCCP for every 50 pieces
RCCP will be submitted for Quality test. True or False?
S E T T W O
9. Quality of factory-proceed reinforced concrete pipes may be best
established through what?
1. The standard penetration test (SPT) is an in-situ test that
measures what? Ans. test of concrete pipe samples

Ans. depth of soil layer 10. Where do we take additional cores when the measurement of any
core taken from the pavement is deficient in thickness by more
2. Which of the following bituminous materials is best recommended than 25 mm.?
for sealing weakened plane joints?
Ans. At no less than 5 meter intervals parallel to the
Ans. joint filler asphalt (commonly called hard asphalt or centerline in each direction from the affected location.
brown asphalt)
11. The result of the Immersion-Compression test conducted on an
3. The main problem associated with wrong practice of conveying asphalt mix sample are as follows:
concrete is called what?
Dry stability = 2,000 Kpa
Ans. segregation Wet stability = 1,000 Kpa
What is the resulting Index of Retained strength? Does it meet
4. The specifications call for 1:2:4 concrete mix. In a one bagger the specification requirement of Item 310, Bituminous Concrete
mixer, which of the following amount of water is most likely Surface Course?
required for the mix?
Ans. Index of Retained Strength or IRS = Wet stability
Ans. 20 liters x 100
Dry stability
5. A one-lane road, with a pavement width of 3.5 meters and = (1,000 Kpa / 2,000
shoulder width of 0.5 meter on each side of the pavement, was Kpa) x 100
designed to have subbase and base courses with a combined = 50 %
thickness of 300 mm. If the thickness of the subbase is a 125 No, it does not meet the specification of Item 310
mm. the spreading and compaction of the subbase and base courses since the specification of IRS is 70 % minimum while
shall be carried out in. the resulting IRS here is only 50 %.

Ans. 3 layers over the full width of 4.5 m.
6. As Materials Engineer, what is the area of the trial section
that you would recommend to check the suitability of the
materials and efficiency of the equipment to be used for Item
310, Bituminous Concrete Surface Course?
Ans. about 500 sq.m.
7. Per program of work, the estimated volume of item 201 materials
is 7,500 cu.m. How many grading and plasticity tests are
required on the DPWH minimum testing requirements?
12. Quality Control testing is a DPWH project is the responsibility
of the _________ ?
Ans. DPWH and Contractor Materials Engineer
13. As materials engineer, when is the right time to start sampling
and testing aggregate of the course materials?
Ans. Before the course materials be incorporated in the
project.
14. The spot test on asphalt is used to determine what?

Ans. 25 grading and 25 plasticity Ans. overheating during manufacture

8. Bituminous concrete mixes contain asphalt by weight equivalent 15. Under what climate condition(s) do we use the lower penetration
to what? grade or hard asphalt?

Ans. 5 to 8 % Ans. hot climate


16. Sampling of the freshly mixed concrete should be taken on the
________ batch discharge of the transit mixer?
Ans. middle
17. Soil and unstable soils were encountered during the course of
sub-grade preparation. If you were the materials engineer
assigned to the project, what is the most effective and cheaper
method that you would recommended to stabilize the soil prior to
the construction of the sub-base course?
Ans. geotextiles
18. How many times per layer should a concrete specimen molded in a
6” x 6” x 21” beam mold be rodded?
Ans. 63
Ans. pulverizing of the aggregate or displacement of the
mixture
25. Final rolling shall be continued until roller marks are
eliminated and a minimum of _________ mass percent of the
density of the laboratory compacted specimens prepared in
accordance with AASHTO T180 has been obtained.
Ans. 95 mass percent
26. Sample from compacted bituminous mix shall be neatly cut be a
saw or core drill. Each sample shall be at least ________ .
Ans. 150 mm x 150 mm or 100mm diameter full depth
27. For surface tolerances the surface (bituminous mix) will be
checked by the use of a _________ at sites selected by the
Engineer.

19. What is the basis of acceptance of rejection of any construction Ans. 3-m straight edge
materials?
28. What is the sampling requirement for paving concrete for every
Ans. Materials Test Report 75 cu.m. or fraction thereof.

20. In testing concrete cylinder sample the load applied should be

continuous without shock at a constant rate within the range of Ans. one (1) set (consisting of 3 pcs.) concrete beam
_____________ per second/ sample

Ans. 0.14 to 0.34 Mpa. per second or 20 to 50 psi. per 28. In testing bituminous mix sample for Immersion-Compression
second Stability is soaked in water bath for _________ days.

Ans. 4 days

21. During the application of the first half of the anticipated load 29. Given:
a __________ rate of loading shall be permitted. Wt. of dry aggregate = 950 g.
Wt. of asphalt = 50 g.
Ans. higher rate What is the % of asphalt by weight of total mix?

22. Initial rolling application of the first half of the anticipated Ans. Wt. of total mix = wt. of dry aggregate + wt. of
with a __________ roller. asphalt
= 950 g. + 50 g.
Ans. Pneumatic-Tire roller = 1,000 g.
Therefore: (50 g. / 1,000 g.) x 100 = 5 %
23. Final rolling in bituminous mixes shall be performed with a
____________ roller

Ans. 3-wheel or tandem type steel wheel roller

24. Rolling of Bituminous mix shall be discontinued whenever it 30. Does the percent asphalt in problem #29 meet the required
begins to produce excessive _______ or _________ . specification for percent asphalt in bituminous mixes? Why?
 Ans. Yes, because standard specification for percent
asphalt in bituminous mixes is 5 to 8 %

31. If the actual percent asphalt in problem # 29 is 5 % and the

percent asphalt in a job-mix formula is 5.6 % did it pass the
required tolerance? Why?

Ans. No, because the required tolerance for % asphalt in a

job-mix formula is ± 0.4 %

32. Which is not the duty or responsibility of a materials engineer?

Ans. quantity of construction materials

33. Problems regarding quality of construction materials shall be

reported directly by the contractors materials engineer to the
_________ .

Ans. DPWH Materials Engineer

34. How many concrete cylinder sample is required for a 3,000 pcs.
Reinforced Concrete Culvert Pipe (RCCP)

Ans. 12 sets (consisting of 3 pcs. concrete cylinder per

set)

35. If concrete cylinder is not available for a 3,000 pcs. culvert

pipes, how many pipes shall be subjected to test?

Ans. 6 pcs. culvert pipes

36. What kind of test that requires calibrated sand in filling the
hole in order to determine the volume of hole?

Ans. Field Density Test (FDT)

37. What test that is using rammer and a mold?

Ans. Moisture Density Relation Test or Compaction Test

38. What kind of asphalt that has a penetration grade of 0 to 30mm?

Ans. Blown Asphalt

39. If there is a necessity to add water to the concrete mix in

order to increase its workability (provided concrete does not
exceed specified slump), how many minutes after the initial time
of mixing does adding of water be permitted?

Ans. not exceeding 45 minutes and that water-cement ration

is not exceeded
S E T T H R E E
Ans. (a) cationic emulsion – which work better with wet
aggregates and in cold weather.
ITEM 310 – BITUMINOUS CONCRETE SURFACE COURSE, HOT – LAID (b) anionic emulsion – which adhere better to
aggregates which have positive charges.
Item 310 consist of constructing a Bituminous concrete
Surface Course composed of aggregates, mineral filler and 8. What is the bituminous material commonly used in Item 310?
bituminous material mixed in a central plant.
Ans. Asphalt Cement (AC)

1. What is the percent weight of aggregate (coarse, fine and 9. What greatly influenced the service of an asphalt pavement?
mineral filler) in the mixture of Bituminous Concrete Surface
Course? Ans. grade and quality of asphalt

Ans. 92 % to 95 % 10. What influenced primarily the grade of asphalt selected?

Ans. climatic condition
2. What is the percent weight of asphalt in the bituminous mixture? 11. The lower penetration grade or hard asphalt is used in _________
?
Ans. 5 % to 8 %
Ans. hot climate
3. How can we establish the exact percentage to be used in the
bituminous mixture? 12. The higher penetration grade or softer asphalt is used in
__________ ?
Ans. Job-mix formula
Ans. cold climate
4. What are the two (2) types of bitumen that are commonly used in
bituminous concrete surface course? 13. How many weeks does a producer of asphalt mix or the contractor
shall submit the Job-Mix Formula?
Ans. (a) Tar – is a viscous liquid obtained from
distillation of coal or wood. Ans. (3) weeks prior to production
(b) Petroleum asphalt – are the products of the
distillation of crude oil. 14. Who will proved the Job-Mix Formula?

5. What are the three (3) major petroleum asphalt products: Ans. DPWH project Engineer and Materials Engineer

Ans. (a) Asphalt Cement – produced in various viscosity 15. The Job-Mix Formula contains provisions on the following:
grade, the most common penetration grade are
200/300, 120/150, 85/100, 60/70, 40/50 Ans. (a) grading of aggregates
(b) Cutback Asphalt – are asphalt mixed with solvents (b) percentage and type of asphalt
to reduce their viscosity. (c) temperature of aggregates and asphalt
(c) Emulsified Asphalt (Asphalt emulsion) – are (d) temperature of mixture upon delivery or at time of
mixture of asphalt cement and water with emulsifying compaction
agent.
16. What is the primary quality control mechanism for the production
6. What are the solvents for cutback asphalt? of asphalt mixture?

Ans. (a) gasoline – for rapid curing (RC) type
(b) kerosene – for medium curing (MC) type
(c) diesel fuel – for slow curing (SC) type
7. Emulsified asphalts are either ___________ and ___________ .
Ans. Job-Mix Formula which shall conform to the following
ranges of tolerance:
Passing No. 4 and larger sieves ± 7 %
Passing No. 8 to No. 100 sieves ± 4 %
Passing No. 200 sieves ± 2 %
 Bituminous materials ± 0.4 % Ans. trial section
Temperature of mixture ± 10 °C
26. What control during the mixing and compaction is of great
17. What is the minimum dry compressive strength of the mixture? significance in the strength of the resulting pavement?

Ans. 1.4 Mpa (200 psi) Ans. temperature

18. The mixture shall have a mass percent air voids the range of 27. What kind of roller should be used for the initial or breakdown
_______? compaction?

Ans. 3.0 % Ans. Pneumatic Tire roller (not less than 10 tons)

19. What is the Index of Retained Strength of the mixture? 28. For the fianal compaction and smoothing what kind of roller must
be used?
Ans. 70 5 minimum
Ans. Tandem smooth wheeled roller (not less than 10 tons)
20. What is the most common used method in the design and evaluation
of bituminous concrete mixes? 29. What is the speed of the roller?

Ans. Marshall Stability Method Ans. 5 tons / hour

21. The quality control tests for asphalt mix are the following: 30. How is the rolling be done?

Ans. (a) Immersion –Compression Test – determines the Index Ans. It should begin from the sides and proceed
of Retained Strength of the mix. longitudinally parallel toward the road center line,
(b) Extraction and Grading Test – determines the each trip overlapping one half the roller’s width.
asphalt content and particle size
distribution of coarse and fine aggregates. 31. After the final rolling what should be checked?
(c) Laboratory Density Test – determines the degree of
compaction. Ans. Degree of Compaction

32. The compacted pavement shall have a density equal to or greater

22. What is the correct temperature that the mixture shall be placed than _________ ?
as measured in the Truck just prior to dumping into the
spreader? Ans. 97 % of the laboratory compacted density

Ans. 107 °C 33. When is the traffic be permitted to enter the pavement?

23. When Tar is used what is the temperature that the mixture shall Ans. When the pavement has cooled to atmospheric
be placed? temperature

Ans. 66 °C to 107 C 34. How many samples shall be taken for each full day’s operation?

24. When is the compaction be done in order to attain the required Ans. At least one but not more that three (3) core samples
density?

Ans. when the mixture is still hot and workable 35. What is the dimension of the samples taken full depth from the
finished pavement for thickness determination?
25. What is to be done in order to determine the number of passes
that would attain the required density? Ans. 150 mm. x 150 mm. or 100 mm. diameter
36. How is the sample taken from the finished pavement?
Ans. core drill or saw
37. How is the surface level of the finished pavement be checked?
46. When concrete is mixed in a central mixing plant how many
seconds is the mixing time?
Ans. not less than 50 seconds nor more than 90 seconds

Ans. By the use of 3-m straight edge 47. In transporting concrete what is the time elapsed from the time
water is added to the mix until the concrete is deposited in
38. The variation of the surface from the testing edge of the place at the site?
straight-edge between contacts with the surface shall not exceed
_________ . Ans. It shall not exceed 45 minutes if hauled in non
agitating trucks and 90 minutes when hauled in
Ans. 6 mm. truck mixers or truck agitators.

39. What determines the thickness and density of compacted asphalt 48. How is concrete consolidated?
pavement?
Ans. By the use of a vibrator inserted in the concrete
Ans. core test vertically

ITEM 311:
40. What is the strength requirement (flexural strength) of a
concrete when tested by third point loading method?
49. How many seconds does the vibrator be operated in one location?
Ans. 15 seconds
50. What kind of sample should be taken on a concrete pavement?

Ans. 3.8 Mpa. (550 psi) Ans. concrete beam samples

41. If No. 40 be tested by midpoint method what is the strength 51. How many sets of sample shall be taken from 330 sq.m. of
requirement? pavement?

Ans. 4.5 Mpa. (650 psi) Ans. 1 set consisting of 3 concrete beam test specimens or
fraction thereof
42. What is the compressive strength of the PCCP (Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement) when tested at 14 days? 52. If the lanes are concreted separately what kind of joint in a
form of key or keyway is used?
Ans. 24.1 Mpa. (3,000 psi)
Ans. Longitudinal construction joint
43. What is the slump of a workable concrete if not vibrated?
53. What kind of bars are placed perpendicular to the joint stated
Ans. 40 – 75 mm. (if vibrated the slump is 10 – 40 mm.) in No. 52?

44. What kind of forms are to be used in Item 311? Ans. Deformed steel tie bars

Ans. Steel forms and on a depth equal to the thickness of 54. What is the other name of transverse contraction joint?
the pavement.
Ans. Weakened plane joint
45. How long shall the forms remain undisturbed after concrete
pouring? 55. What is the depth of the weakened plane joint when sawed with a
concrete saw?
Ans. 24 hours
Ans. Not less than 50 mm.
 (d) by applying curing compound immediately after
56. The width of the weaken plane joint is ________ ? finishing of the surface

Ans. Not more than 6 mm. 66. When is the right time the joint be sealed?

57. When is the right time to saw the weaken plane joint? Ans. After the curing period or before it is opened to
traffic
Ans. Within 24 hours as soon as concrete has hardened
sufficiently 67. What is Item 504 in a DPWH Specification?

58. What shall be done if cracks appear at or near the prior to the Ans. Grouted Riprap
time of sawing?
68. What is Item 505 in a DPWH Spefication?
Ans. Sawing shall be omitted
Ans. Stone masonry
59. Tie bars shall not be coated or painted with _________ ?
69. What is the difference between Item 504 & 505?
Ans. asphalt or other materials
Ans. Placement of stone or boulders and the ratio of cement
60. What is the metal device that are used as a load transfer device and fine sand.
held in a position parallel to the surface and center line of
the slab of pavement? 70. What is the ratio of fine aggregates to cement number of bags
for grout in Item 504 and 505?
Ans. dowels
61. To protect dowels from corrosion and to facilitate sliding in Ans. For Item 504 it is 1 part cement 3 parts fine sand
concrete, it shall be coated with _____? (1:3)
For Item 505 it is 1 part cement 2 parts fine sand
Ans. thin film of bitumen (1:2)

62. The surface of the pavement shall be roughened by means of

_________ ? ITEM 200 – AGGREGATE SUB BASE COURSE

Ans. brooming SIEVE DESIGNATION

63. What is the depth of the corrugation produced by brooming in the MM INCHES MASS % PASSING
surface of the pavement?
50 2 100
Ans. 1.5 mm. 25 1 55-85
95 3/8 40-75
64. The surface of the newly placed concrete when it is sufficiently 0.075 No. 200 0-12
set shall be cured for a period of ________ ?
1. Fraction passing the 0.075 mm. (No. 200) sieve shall not be
Ans. 72 hours greater than 0.66(2/3) of the fraction passing the 0.425 (No.
40) sieve.
65. The curing of the pavement is done on the following:
2. The fraction passing the 0.425 mm. (No. 40) sieve shall have a
Ans. (a) by covering the concrete with mats saturated with liquid limit of not greater than 35.
water
(b) thoroughly wetting the pavement 3. The fraction passing the 0.425 mm. (No. 40) sieve shall have a
(c) by ponding plastic index (PI) of not more than 12.
4. The course portion, retained on a 2.0 mm. (No. 10) sieve shall 0.075 No. 200 0-12
have a mass % of wear not exceeding 50 by the Los Angeles 2-14
Abrasion.

5. The materials shall have a soaked CBR value of not less than 25
%. 1. The fraction passing the 0.075 mm. (No. 200) sieve shall not be
greater than 0.66 (two thirds) of the fraction passing the 0.425
6. Thickness should not exceed 150 mm. mm. (No. 40) sieve.

7. Compaction should start from the sides to the center, parallel 2. The fraction passing the 0.425 mm. (No. 40) sieve shall have a
to the centerline of the road. liquid limit not greater than 25

8. Each layer should consistently be at least 100 % of the MDD. 3. The fraction passing the 0.425 mm. (No. 40) sieve shall have a
plastic index (PI) not greater than 6
TOLERANCE:
4. The coarse portion, retained on a 2 mm. (No. 10) sieve shall
Permitted variation from design thickness layer have a mass of wear nor exceeding 50
/- 20 mm
Permitted variation from design level to surface 5. The material passing the 19 mm.(¾ in.) shall have a soaked CBR
/- 10 mm - 20 mm value not less than 80 %
Permitted surface irregularity measured by 3 m. straight edge
20 mm TOLERANCE:
Permitted variation from design cross fall and camber
+/- 0.3 % Permitted variation from design thickness of layer
Permitted variation from longitudinal grade over m length +/- 10 mm
+/- 0.1 % Permitted variation from design level of surface
+/- 5 mm - 10 mm
Permitted surface irregularity measured by 3 – m straight edge
ITEM 201 – AGGREGATE BASE COURSE 5 mm
Permitted variation from design cross fall or camber
SIEVE DESTINATION +/- 0.2 %
Permitted variation from design longitudinal grade over 25 m length
MM INCHES MASS % PASING +/- 0.1 %
Grading A
Grading B
A S P H A L T
50 2 100
- ITEM DESCRIPTION
37.5 1 ½ - APPLICXATION
100
25 1 60-85 301 Bituminous Prime Coat 1 to 2
liters / sq.m.
-
302 Bituminous Tack Coat 0.2 to 0.7
19 ¾ - liters / sq.m.
60-85 303 Bituminous Seal Coat 0.2 to 1.5
12.5 ½ 35-65 liters / sq.m.
- 304 Bituminous Surface Treatment 1.58 to
4.75 No. 4 20-50 2.04 liters / sq.m. (C.A.)
30-55 1.58 to
0.425 No. 40 5-20 2.04 liters / sq.m. (E.A.)
305 Bituminous Penetration Macadam Pavement 7.20 to 11
8-25
liters / sq.m.
 306 Bituminous Road mix surface course 4.50 to 7 ITEM 310 – BITUMINOUS CONCRETE SURFACE COURSE, HOT LAID
mass % total (C.A.)
6.00 to 10
dry aggregate (E.A.)
 Submission of proposed mixture 3 weeks
307 Bituminous Plant Mix Surface course (Gen.) 5 to 8  Minimum dry compressive strength 1.4 Mpa (200psi)
mass% total (dry aggregate)  Mass % of air voids 5 to 7 %
308 Bituminous Plant Mix Surface Course (cold laid) 4.5 to 7  Index of retained strength Not less than 70
mass %
6 to 10  Plastic Index not greater than 4
total aggregate  Mixture proportion 5 to 8 mass % of the total
309 Bituminous Plant Mix (Stockpile Maintenance mix) 4 to 10 aggregate
mass % of total mix  Placing temperature Nor less than 107 °C (225
Bituminous Concrete Surface Course (hot laid) 5
to 8 mass % of total aggregate °F)
 Sample should be At least one, but not more
than three samples shall be
GRADATION OF COMPOSITE AGGREGATES taken for each day’s full operation
 Density The compacted
SIEVE DESIGNATION
pavement shall have a density equal to
MM INCHES % PASSING or greater than 90 mass % of the density laboratory
specimen
19 ¾ 100  Marshall or Immersion (Comp. Test) Determining correct
12.5 ½ 92 amount of bituminous binder
4.75 No.4 51
2.0 No.10 34
 Temperature of mix 250 °C (305 °F)
0.425 No.40 22  Tolerance +/- 15 °C (25 °F)
0.075 No.200 6
MIXTURE SHALL FALL WITHIN THE FOLLOWING RANGES OF TOLERANCE
Asphalt Cement 5.5 % (85-100Pen. Grade)
` Passing No. 4 and larger sieves +/- 7 %
Passing No. 8 to No. 100 sieves +/- 4 %
Passing No. 200 sieves +/- 2 %
ITEM 302 – BITUMO=INOUS PRIME COAT Bituminous material +/- 4 %
Temperature of mixture +/- 10 %
EQUIPMENT: Prime distributor of not less than 1,000 liters capacity Temperature of mixture upon delivery +/- 11 °C
mounted on pneumatic tires, which produce a load of not more than 1 KN per
centimeter, width of tire. Spray width from 100 m. to 4 m. PHASES ROLLING
MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS:
1. Breakdown Rolling – Steel wheeled roller, mix should be
A. Rapid curing (RC) cutback asphalt
B. Medium curing (MC) cutback asphalt 200 to 225 °F
2. Intermediate Rolling – Pneumatic roller

ITEM 303 – BITUMINOUS TACK COAT

EQUIPMENT: Pressure distributor of not less than 1,000 liters

capacity mounted on pneumatic tires, which produce a load of not CHARACTERISTICS OF PAVEMENT TO CONSIDER IN THE DESIGN
more than 1 KN per centimeter, width of tire. Spray width from 100 m. to 4
m.
1. Stability
MATERIALS REQUIREMENT 2. Durability
A. Rapid curing (RC) cutback asphalt 3. Flexibility
B. Emulsified asphalt (add water) 4. Skid resistance

JOB MIX FORMULA:

  3.8 Mpa - Flexural strength at
Gradation of Complete Aggregate: third point
 4.5 Mpa - Flexural strength at mid
Sieve Designation % Passing point method
¾” 100
 24.1 Mpa - Compressive strength at
½” 92
14 days (3,500 psi)
No. 4 51
No. 10 34  40 to 75 mm. - Not vibrated (Slump Test)
No. 40 22  20 to 40 mm. - If vibrated (Slump test)
No. 200  50 sec. not more than 90 sec. - Mixing of concrete
 24 hours - Forms shall remain
MAJOR CAUSES OF FAILURE IN ASPHALT CONSTRUCTION:  45 minutes - Concrete mix is hauled in non-
agitating truck
1. Inadequate thickness of base or sub-base course  90 minutes - Concrete mix hauled in truck
2. Inadequate design of asphalt mixture mixer / agitator
3. Poor quality of materials
 Conversion of Mpa - 1 psi x 0.006896
4. Poor construction control
a. Hot mix is cold during compaction
b. Inadequate compaction of structural layer
PORTLAND CEMENT
c. Inadequate compaction of sub-grade
5. Inadequate drainage
The required for TYPE I cement in Government Specification
SIGNIFICANT PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT:
A. Fineness * Specific surface 1,600 sq.cm./g. (minimum)
* Residue on No. 200 sieve 10 % (maximum)
1. Consistency
2. Durability
B. Time of Setting: Gilmore Test
3. Adhesion
* Initial set 60 minutes (minimum)
4. Rate of setting
* Final set 10 minutes
5. Durability
(maximum)
ITEM 311 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
C. Soundness * Autoclave expansion 0.50 % (maximum)
* Pot Test No sign of
 330 sq.m. - Area of pavement to be sample volume change
 230 mm. - Depth of pavement
 75 cu.m. - Volume of concrete for 1 sample Compressive Strength, mortar, cube, psi
 5 holes - No have cored holes for 1 Specification
km. or 1,000 m.
 15 seconds - Required time of * 1 day in moist air, 2 days in water 1,200
vibrator, not be longer operated in one psi (minimum)
location * 1 day in moist air, 6 days in water 2,100
 29 °C - Required temperature in psi (minimum)
placing concrete mixture * 1 day in moist air, 27 days in water 3,500
psi (minimum)
 5m. - Spaced for construction joints
* Loss on ignition 3.0 %
in unreinforced pavement
(maximum)
 60 m. - Expansion joint for slab * Insoluble residue 0.75 %
200 mm. or greater (maximum)
 40 m. - Expansion joint for slab * Sulfur trioxide 3.0 (minimum)
of lesser thickness * Magnesium oxide 5.0 (maximum)
* Sodium & potassium oxide 0.50 (maximum)
Unsoundness: Manifested by change in volume, which causes 2. Reinforcing bars should be free from dirt, oil, paint and
distortion, cracking, and disintegration. grease.

 15.5 °C – 37.5 °C – Continues moist curing temperature. FINAL FINISH:

1. Broom finish - Corrugation should not be more

FINE AGREGATE than 1.5 mm. in depth
2. Belt finish - 2 ply canvass belt not less than
1. Shall not contain more than 3 mass percent of material passing 20 cm. wide and at least 100 cm.
the 0.075 mm. (No.200) sieve by washing nor more than 1 mass longer than the pavement width.
percent each of clay lumps or shale. 3. Edging at forms and joints - Edges at each side of each slab
& on each side of the joints
2. Weighted loss of fine aggregate subjected to 5 cycles of the shall be worked with an approval tool and rounded to the
sodium sulfate soundness test should not exceed 10 mass percent. required radius.
4. Removal of forms - Removed only after at least 24
GRADING REQUIREMENT; hours after pouring
5. Sealing joints - Sealed after the
Sieve Designation Mass percent passing completion of curing period, before the
pavement is opened to traffic.
9.5 mm. (3/8) 100
4.75 mm. (No. 4) 95-100 ACCEPTANCE OF CONCRETE, IF SATISFACTORY:
1.18 mm. (No. 10) 45-80
0.30 mm. (No. 50) 5-30 1. Average of all sets of 3 consecutive strength test results
0.15 mm. (No. 100) 0-10 are equal or exceeding the specified strength.
2. No individual strength test result is deficient by more than
15 % of the specified strength.

UNACCEPTED CONCRETE MAY BE RETESTED BY CORE TESTS AT LEAST 3

COARSE AGGREGATES: REPRESENTATIVE CORES SHOULD BE TAKEN, ACCEPTED IF:

1. Shall contain not more than one mass percent of material 1. The average strength of the cores is equal to at least 85 %
passing the 0.075 mm. (No. 200) sieve not more than 0.25 of fc
mass percent of neither clay lumps, nor more than 3.5 mass 2. No single core is less than 75 % of fc
percent of soft fragments.
PAYMENT OF CONCRETE SHOULD BE MADE;
REINFORCING STEEL:
Deficiency in strength of concrete specimen (%)
1. Tie bars should be round bars Percent (%) of contract (Price allowed)
2. Dowel bars should be plain round bar (1/2 of the length
should be painted with tar paint) Less than 5 100 %
5 to less than 10 80 %
JOINT FILLERS: 10 to less than 15 70 %
15 to less than 20 60 %
1. Shall be mixed asphalt & mineral or rubber filler 20 to less than 25 50 %
25 or more 0 %
TEST SPECIMEN:
Example: Core test result
1. At least 1 set of 3 concrete beam samples, 150 mm. x 150 mm.
x 525 mm. or 900 mm. shall be taken from 330 sq.m. of pavement 1st18.59 Mpa (2,695 psi)1st 23.31 Mpa (3,378 psi)
and 230 mm. depth. 2nd 21.49 Mpa (3,115 psi)2nd 15.94 Mpa (2,310 psi)
3rd 19.32 Mpa (2,800 psi)3rd 24.79 Mpa (3,193 psi) GRADING REQUIREMENT
Ave. 19.80 Mpa (2,870 psi)
Sieve Designation Mass Percent passing
Note: 85 % x 3,500 psi = 2,975 psi 75 % x
3,500 psi = 2,625 psi MM in Class “A” Class “B”
2,870 psi lesser than 2,975 psi 2,310 Class “C” Class “P” Seal
psi lesser than 2,625 psi 4.74 No.4 0-5 0-5
0-10 0-10 0-15
Result is inadequate, recommended for non-payment

PLACING CONCRETE BY PNEUMATIC MEANS:

1. Machine shall be located as close as practicable to the work.

2. Discharge line shall be horizontal or inclined upward to the
machine
3. The discharge and the line shall not be more than 3 m. from
the point of deposit.
COMPOSITION AND STRENGHT OF CONCRETE FOR USE IN STRUCTURE
BEAM SAMPLE:

1. Third point loading method 2. Mid point Min. Cement Consistency Max. Comp.
loading method Class of Max. Water Size of Coarse
Content Slum Strength of
Concrete Cement Ratio Aggregate
(cu.m.) mm (in) 150 x 300 mm.
F.S. = PL = P # 360 50 - 100 37.5 - 4.75 20.7 Mpa
A 0.53
F.S. = 3 PL . (9 bags) (2 - 4) (1½” - No. 4) (3,000 psi)
Bd 12 cu.in 2 320 50 - 100 50 - 4.75 16.5 Mpa
bd B (8 bags) 0.53 (2 - 4) (2” - No. 4) (2,400 psi)

380 50 - 100 12.5 - 4.75 20.7 Mpa

Spec. = 3.8 Mpa (550 psi) Spec. = C (9.5 bags) 0.55 (2 - 4) (½” - No. 4) (3,000 psi)
4.5 Mpa (650 psi)
440 100 Max. 19 - 4.75 37.7 Mpa
1 ton = 2204.60 lbs. P (11 bags) 0.49 (4 Max.) (¾” - No. 4) (5,000 psi)
1 psi = 0.006895 Mpa 380 100 - 200 25 - 4.75 20.7 Mpa
Seal (9.5 bags) 0.58 (4 - 8) (1” - No. 4) (3,000 psi)

ITEM 405 – STRUCTURAL CONCRETE

ITEM 505 - STONE MASONRY
* Class “A” - Slabs, beam, girder columns, arch ribs, box
culverts, reinforced abutment, retaining STONE REQUIRMENTS:
walls, reinforced footing, pre-cast piles and cribbing.
* Class “B” - Footings, pedestals, massive pier  Shall be clean, hard and durable
shafts, pipe bedding and gravity walls,  Thickness not less than 150 mm.
unreinforced or with only small of reinforcement.  Width not less than 1½ times the respective thickness (225
* Class “C” - Thin reinforced sections railings and mm.)
for filler in steel, grid floors.
 Length not less than 1½ times the respective width (337.5)
* Class “D” - Pre-stressed concrete structures and
members.  Joint lines do not vary more than 20 mm. from the true lines

MORTAR:

Sieve % Passing
 0.30 No. 50 15 - 40 SELVAGE WIRE DABIONS MATTRESS
0.15 No. 100 not more than 10
Diameter (mm) 3 - 4 (min.) 2 - 7 (min.)
Mixture one part Portland Cement to two - part fine aggregate Tensile strength (N/sq.mm.) 400 - 600 400 - 60
with sufficient water. Elongation (250 mm. gage length) % 10 (min.) 10 (min.)
Zinc coating (kg. / sq.m.) 0.244 (min.) 0.244
BODY WIRE:
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS:
Diameter (mm) (2.7 (min.) 2.2 (min.)
 Bed should be firm and normal to the face of the wall tensile Strength (N/sq.mm.) 400 - 600 400 - 600
 Bunching of small stones or stones of the same size should be Elongation (250 mm. gage length) % 10 (min.) 10 (min.)
Zinc coating (kg/sq.m.) 0.244 (min.) 0.244 (min.)
prevented. Large stones should be placed in the corners.
 Stones should be placed with the longest face horizontal in TIE WIRE:
full beds of mortar and the joint shall be flushed with
mortar. Diameter (mm) 2.2 (min.)
 Exposed faces should be parallel to the faces of the walls in Tensile Strength (N/sq.mm.) 400 - 600
which they are set. Elongation (250 mm. gage length) 10 (min.)
Zinc coating (kg/sq.m.) 0.244 (min.)
 Bed and joints:
- Beds for stones may vary from 20 mm. to 50 mm. +/-
- Shall not extend unbroken line through more than 5 DEFORMED 7 PLAIN BELLET STEEL BARS FOR CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT
stones
- They may be angles with the vertical from 0° to 45° TENSILE REQUIREMENT
- Face stone shall bond at least 150 mm. longitudinal Grade 40 Grade 60 Grade 75
and 50 mm. vertically
Tensile strength (min.) Mpa 483 621 689
Yield strength (min.) Mpa 276 414 517
Elongation (200 mm.-min.) %
Bar diameter
10 mm Ø 11 % 9 %
12, 16 & 20 mm Ø 12 % 9 %
22 & 25 mm Ø 8 %
28 & 32 mm Ø 7 %
SPL 1 - CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS 36 mm Ø 7 %

 Non - load bearing (Strength) Individual 500 psi

(min.)
Average 600 psi (min.)

 Load bearing (Strength) Individual 800 psi

(min.)
Average 1,000 psi WORKSHEET FOR FIELD DENSITY TEST
(min.)
Project: Finishing of Klondykes Section
Benguet .
 Absorption 240 kg. /
(Name of Project)
cu.m. (max.)
(Province)
 Moisture Content 45 % (max.) Kind of Materials: Embankment (1st Layer
Specs. Item No. Item - 104 .
Location of Test Hole: Km. 217 + 540
ITEM 509 - GABIONS & MATTRESS .
 (Station of reference to centerline)
Depth of Test Hole: 15 cm. . FIELD DENSITY
Sta. to Sta. & Layer represented: Km. 217 + 520 to Km. 217 +
700 . 18. Total materials taken from the hole (kg.)
Tested By: 5.580 .
19. Mass of jar + sand (kg.)
_______________________________________________________________ 7.965 .
(Name and Designation) (Office) 20. Mass of jar + sand (kg.) after pouring
(Date) 3.670 .
Lab. No.: FDT - 101 - 01 . 21. Sand to fill hole (kg.) (19) - (20) - (10)
4.011 .
UNIT WEIGHT OF AIR - DRY SAND 22. Volume of hole (cu.m.) (21) / (7)
0.003 .
1. Container full of water (kg.) 23. Wet unit weight (kg./cu.m.)(18) - (22)
6.385 . 1,902.945 .
2. Container (kg.) 2.09 24. Dry unit weight (kg./cu.m.) (23)
. 1,903.017 .
3. Water (gm.) - (1) - (2) 4.295 1 + (17/100)
. 25. Laboratory compaction test data:
4. Container (cu.m.) (3) / 1000 (a) Max. dry density (gm./cc.)
0.004 . 1,925.00 .
5. Container filled with air dry sand (b) Optimum moisture content (gm./cc)
7.965 . 11.50 .
6. Air dry sand (kg.) 26. Degree of compaction (%)(24) / (25a) x 100 %
5.875 . 98.88% .
7. Unit weight of dry sand (kg. / cu.m.) (6) / (4)
1,367.87 . REMARKS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
_________________________________________
MASS OF SAND TO FILL FUNNEL
8. Mass of jar + sand (kg.) TESTED BY: WITNESSED/CHECKED BY:
3.954 . ATTESTED BY:
9. Mass of jar + sand (after pouring)
3.670 . ___________________ __________________________
10. Sand in funnel (kg.) (8) - (9) _______________
0.284 . WORKSHEET FOR SIEVE ANALYSIS

UNIT WEIGHT OF AIDRY SAND Project: Concreting Along Naguilian Road

11. Container + wet soil (gm.) Benguet .
1,185.40 . (Name of Project) (Province)
12. Container + dry soil (gm.) Kind of Materials: Coarse Aggregates
1,107.00 . Specs. Item No. 405, SPL-1,502 .
13. Moisture (gm.) 78.40 Sample at: Stockpile at Jobsite Km. 316 + 186 to Km.
. 323 + 789 (V.S.) .
14. Container (gm.) 23.00 (Accurate Location of Project)
. Original Source: Naguilian River Bed
15. Dry soil (12) - (14) .
1,084.00 . (Pit, quarry, river, ect. Location)
16. Actual moisture content (13) / (15) x 100 Sampled By:
7.23 .
17. Average actual moisture content (%) _______________________________________________________________
7.23 .
 (Name and designation) (Office)
(Date)
Tested By:

_______________________________________________________________
(Name and Designation) (Office)
(Date)
Computed By:

_______________________________________________________________
(Name and Designation) (Office) DESIGN MIX FOR CONCRETE
(Date)
Lab. No.: 405 - CA - 02 . PORTLAND CEMENT:

Dry Unit Wgt. Pct., loose: ___________ Weight of sample in Specific Gravity 3.10
Cement Factor, bags/cu.m. 9.10 bags for 40 kg./bag
grams 3216 .
Slump 76.2 mm. (3”)
___________ Original: 2963 .
Moisture Content: 8.54 Oven dry: DESIGN MIX PER BAG OF CEMENT (Pavement)
2948 .
Fitness Modulus: ___________ Wash oven dry: Absolute Volume Of Concrete 1 1 =
16 . 0.10989
C.F. 9.1 bags

CUMU Absolute Volume of 40 kgs. bags of cement

Weight Percent L A TIVE Gov’t. 40 = 0.0129
Sieve Wt.
Retained Age % % Specs. Remarks x 1000
Size Passing
(Gram) Retained Passing Passing Passing
(Gram) Absolute Volume of water 181 - 4.70
25mm(1”) 0 2948 100 100 Passed = 0.01937
9.1 x 1000
19mm(¾”) 0 2948 100 100 Passed
12.5mm(½”) 177 2771 94 90-100 Passed Absolute Volume of water & cement = 0.01290 +
9.8mm(⅜”) 1120 1651 56 40-70 Passed 0.01937 = 0.03227
Absolute Vol. of fine & coarse aggregate =
1.75mm(No.4) 1416 236 8 0-15 Passed 0.10989 - 0.03227 = 0.07762
Pan 236
Correction of fine aggregate, % of total aggregate by
Total 2,848 absolute volume

% Sand of total aggregate = 42 (from table V)

W = 181 - 4.70 = 0.48

RECOMMENDATION: Samples meet government grading C 9.1 x 40
requirements. .
Variation from standard = 0.48 - 0.57 = (-) 0.09
Correction for W = (-) 0.09 x 1% = (-) 1.8
- 1.80
C 0.05

Correction for fineness modulus

Variation from standard = 2.77 - 2.75 = (+) 0.02

 Correction for F.M. = (+)0.02 x ½% = (+) 0.10 + CORRECTED WEIGHTS: Base on the actual MC of coarse and fine
0.10 aggregate in the jobsite.
0.01
For less workable concrete as pavement = (-) 3.00 - Uncorrected wt. x (1 + % free water) if MC is greater than the
3.00 . absorption
Total correction - 100
4.70
Uncorrected wt. x (1 - % water required for absorption) if MC
DESIGN MIX PER BAG OF CEMENT: is smaller than the absorption

Correction % of sand = 42% - 4.70% 37.3% or 0.373 % Free Water = Moisture Content - Absorption
% Water required for Absorption = Absorption - Moisture
Absolute volume of fine aggregate = 0.373 x 0.07762 = Content
0.02895
Absolute volume of coarse aggregate = 0.07762 - 0.02895 = Corrected Weights:
0.04867
C.A. = 137.25 x [ 1 - (1.10 - 0.17) ]
135.97 kg.
100
F.A. = 72.09 x [ 1 - (2.46 - 0.92) ]
70.98 kg.
100
WATER = 19.37+(water reuired for absorption CA)+(water
required for absortion FA)
= 19.37 + (137.25 - 135.97) + (72.09 - 70.98)
= 21.76 kg.
BATCH WEIGHT:

Abs. Vol. Specific Unit wt. of water UNCORRECTED CORRECTED

Uncorrected wt. Weight (kg.)
(cu.m.) Gravity Weight (kg.)
(kg./cu.m.) (kg.) SSD Condition Actual Field
Condition
Cement 0.01290 3.10 1,000
40 Cement 40 40
Fine Agg. 0.02895 2.49 1,000 Fine Aggregate 72.09
72.09
70.98
Coarse Agg. 0.04867 2.82 1,000
137.25 Coarse Aggregate 137.25
Water 0.01937 1.00 1,000 137.97
19.37 . Water 19.37
Total 21.76 .
268.71 Total wt. 268.71
268.71
ADJUSTMENTS:

C.A. F.A.
Absorption 1.10 2.46
M.C. 0.17 0.92
 Water k x 21.76 0.0637 x 21.76
1.39 kg.
BEAM SPECIMEN

Volume of Mold = 6” x 6” x 21” = 756 cu.in. x 1cu.m.

. WORKSHEET FOR SIEVE ANALYSIS
(39.37) cu.in.
Volume of Mold = 0.0124 cu.m. Project: Finishing of Klondykes
Volume of Mold (Beam) with 25 % allowance = 0.0155 cu.m. Benguet .
(Name of Project)
K = Constant (Province)
= Cement Factor x Volume Kind of Materials: Aggregate Base Coarse
= 9.10 x 0.0155 Specs. Item No. Item 201 .
= 0.14105 Sample at: Jobsite
.
BATCH WEIGHT FOR ONE BEAM SAMPLE WITH 25 % VOLUME ALLOWANCE (Accurate Location of Project)
Original Source: Bued River
Cement k x 40 0.14105 x 40 .
5.64 kg. (Pit, quarry, river, ect. Location)
F.A. k x 70.98 0.14105 x 70.98 Sampled By:
10.01 kg.
C.A. k x 135.97 0.14105 x 135.97 _______________________________________________________________
19.18 kg. (Name and designation) (Office)
Water k x 21.76 0.14105 x 21.76 (Date)
3.07 kg. Lab. No.: ____________

PAID under O.R. #: ____________

CONCRETE CYLINDER SPECIMEN
Dry Unit Wt. pcf., loose: ___________ Weight of sample in
Volume of mold = 3.1416 x 36 sq.in. x 12 in. = grams ___________ Rodded ___________
339.29 cu.in. Original: 6000 . Moisture
4 Content: 0.91 Oven dry:
Volume of Mold = 339.29 cu.in. x 1 cu.m. = 0.0056 cu.m. 4000 .
(39.37 cu.in.) Fitness Modulus: ___________ Wash oven dry:
Volume of cylinder mold with 25 % volume allowance = 0.007 4938 .
cu.in.

K = Constant
= Cement Factor x Volume Weight Percent
CUMU
L A
TIVE
Governing
= 9.1 x 0.007 cu.m. Sieve Wt. %
Retained Age % Specs.
= 0.0637 Size Passing Retaine
(Gram) Retained Passing Passing
(Gram) d
50 mm (2”) 4955 100 100
BACTH WEIGHT FOR ONE BEAM SAMPLE WITH 25 % VOLUME ALLOWANCE 25 mm (1”) 991 3964 80 60-85

12.5 mm (½”) 991 2973 60 35-65

Cement k x 40 0.0637 x 40
2.55 kg. 9.8 mm (⅜”) 750.9 2222 45
F.A. k x 70.98 0.0637 x 70.98 1.75mm (No.4) 537 1685 34 20-50
4.52 kg.
0.425mm(No.40) 1189.2 496 10 5-20
C.A. k x 135.97 0.0637 x 135.97
8.66 kg.
Pan 5. To conduct soil investigations and materials survey for provable
source of materials, and reporting the approximately quantity
available, suitable of materials and other pertinent data.

Wash Passing 6. To insure that samples are properly cured by standard procedure.
0.075mm(No.200 248 248 5 0-12
) 7. To see that samples sent to Regional Laboratory are well packed
Total 4955 in durable containers to avoid damages in transit, and that all
samples are accompanied by sample card filled-up in detail.

8. To fully acquaint himself with the standard procedures of

RECOMMENDATION: Sample aggregates meet specification sampling, testing and control.
requirement on grading test .
9. To see the Field Laboratory Building is constructed in
accordance with the DPWH STD Spec’s.

COMPUTATION: 10. To see that all laboratory is adequately equipped such that the
progress of the work will not be impeded to laboratory testing
Wt. Passing gm (25mm) = 4955 - 991 = 3964 gm % and that non-performance of tests should not be a cause of delay
Passing = 3964/4955 x 100 = 80% in the prosecution of the work.
Wt. Passing gm (12.5mm) = 3964 - 991 = 2973 gm %
Passing = 2973/4955 x 100 = 60% 11. To see that all laboratory equipment are protected from dust or
Wt. Passing gm (9.8mm) = 2973 - 750.9 = 2222.1 gm % foreign matters that tend to destroy their sensitivity.
Passing = 2222/4955 x 100 = 45%
Wt. Passing gm (1.75mm) = 2222 - 537 = 1685 gm % 12. To see that all weighing devices and testing machines are
Passing = 1685/4955 x 100 = 34% maintained and calibrated in accordance with the DPWH Standard
Wt. Passing gm (0.425mm) = 1685 - 1189.2 = 496 gm % Specification.
Passing = 496/4955 x 100 = 10%
Wt. Passing gm (0.075mm) = 496 - 248 = 248 % 13. To have at all times the complete and up-to-date materials map
Passing = 248/4955 x 100 = 5% of the Province or City, charts and diagrams showing progress of
work, etc. Posted in the laboratory building.

14. To keep a record of the daily activities ready for inspection

DUTIES OF FIELD MATERIALS ENGINEER anytime.

1. To ascertain that all materials incorporated into the work pass 15. To comply strictly with all instruction and memoranda.
the requirements of the DPWH Standard Specification for
highways, Bridges and Airports and to strictly comply with the 16. To submit within required time frame test reports and other
schedule of Minimum Testing Requirements. pertinent papers to the Regional Office concerned.

2. To advice the Project Engineer on the acceptance or rejection of

construction materials intended for use in the project, based on
test results.
3. Recommended to the Project Engineer remedial measures for the
correction of unsatisfactory condition of materials.
MATERIAL ENGINEER DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILTY
1. Conducts / Monitor daily field activities
2. Ensure compliance with plans / specifications

4. To prepare design mixes for concrete and bituminous mixtures. 3. Reports work accomplishment for review and issuance

4. Reports chronological weather condition at the site

THE MINIMUM QUANTITY OF MATERIALS IS A SAMPLE SHOULD BE: 3. Walls 1 day
70 %
1. Portland Cement 10 kg. 4. Columns 2 days
2. Asphalt Materials / mix 5 L / 10 70 %
kg. 5. Sides of beams and all other surface 1 day
3. Aggregates: 70 %
(a) Coarse aggregate 0.03
cu.m.
(b) Fine aggregate 0.03
cu.m.
4. Soil Aggregate: CLASS OF CONCRETE CONSISTENCY RANGE IN SLUMP
(a) Classification 0.01
cu.m. A 50 mm - 100 mm
(b) Routine test on material for base, sub-base or embankment (2” - 4”)
0.03 cu.m. B 50 mm - 100 mm (2” -
(c) California bearing ratio 0.06
4”)
cu.m.
(d) Moisture density relation 0.03 C 50 mm - 100 mm (2” -
cu.m. 4”)
5. Concrete mix design (Asphalt / Portland Cement): D 100 mm (4” max.)
(a) Coarse aggregate 0.05 Seal 100 mm - 200 mm (4” -
cu.m. 8”)
(b) Fine aggregate 0.03
cu.m.
(c) Mineral 0.01
cu.m.
WORKSHEET FOR TEST OF MOISTURE DENSITY RELATION OF SOIL
(d) Portland cement 40 kg.
(e) Bituminous material 5
L Lab. No. _________
6. Non-reinforced concrete pipe 1 pipe
per 200 pipes
7. Reinforced concrete pipe 1 pipe
per 50 pipes Trial Number 1 2 3 4
8. Steel pipe (galvanized) 2 pcs.
of 150 mm long Water added in ml. 80 80 80 80
9. Concrete Hollow Blocks:
(a) Strength 3 units Mass in Mold + Wet 3962 4155 4163
(b) Moisture cement 3 units Soil G’ 2030 4085 2030 2030
10. Reinforced Steel Bars 1 meter Mold 1932 2030 2125 2135
11. Wire, Wire STD, Wire rope 2 meters 2055
12. Paints 1 4-L Wet Soil
can or 1 20-L can orig. 2049 2253 2264
13. Curing compound 1 L Wet density, kg./cu.m. 2179
14. Joint Filler, Pre-Mold 1 400mm Container Number EDA - 01 EDA - 02 EDA - 03 EDA - 04 ED
x 400mm
Mass in Container+Wet 240.09 254.62 241.57 2
Soil 233.89 242.41 225.87 2
6.2 12.2 15.7
239.63
Container+Dry Soil 87.28 88.09 87.50
TYPE OF STRUCTURE MIN. TIME DESIGN 230.43
G 146.61 154.32 138.37 1
STRENGTH 9.2
Water
86.04
1. Girders, beams, frames or arches 14 days 144.39
Contaioner
80 %
2. Floor Slab 14 days
Dry Soil
70 %
Water Content, % 4.2 6.4 7.9 11.3
Dry Density, kg./cu.m. 1966 2048 2088 2034 3. 63.14 - 58.46 = 4.68 58.46 - 47.08 = 11.38
47.08 - 11.38 = 41.12

1. 68.02 - 64.04 = 4.98 64.04 - 46.42 = 17.62

Method Used: T99 [ ] [ ] [x]
46.42 - 17.62 = 28.36
[ ]
2. 68.80 - 64.19 = 4.61 64.19 - 47.86 = 17.13
A B C
47.86 - 17.13 = 26.91
D
Rammer, ko.: 2.5 [ ] 4.5
TOLERANCES (Permitted Variations)
[x]
Layer No. 3 [ ] 5
Requirement Item 104/105 Item 200
[x]
Item 201 Item 310
No. of Blows / layer 25 [ ]
56 [ ]
Thickness of layer +/-20mm +/-10mm
Passing No.4 & layer +/-7%
Volume of Mold, cu.m.: 0.000943 x 0.002125
Level Surface +20mm - 30mm +10mm - 20mm +5
Maximum Dry Density (MDD), kg./cu.m. 2095
- 10mm Passing No.8 & +/4%
Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), % 8.5 %
3m straight edge 30mm 20mm
5mm
Cross fall & camber +/-
CERTIFIED
CORRECT:
REVIEW FOR CONSULTANTS / CONTRACTORS MATERIALS ENGINEERS
ACCREDITATION
________________________

(Signature, designation,date)
1. A set of concrete cylinder sample shall represent, how many
pieces of pipe culverts?
Note:
Ans. 25 pcs.
Dry Soil = 233.89 - 87.28 = 146.61
2. How many pieces of CHB samples shall be tested for a 5,000 pcs.
Mold + Wet Soil - from laboratory
of non-load bearing?
Wet Soil = 3962 - 2030 = 1932
Water Content = 6.2 x 100/146.61 = 4.2 %
Ans. 5,000 pcs.
 = 9.2 x 100 / 144.39 = 6.4 % 3. Aside from splitter, what method should be applied to extract a
 = 12.2 x 100 / 154.32 = 7.9 % representative sample for soils / aggregate materials?
 = 15.7 x 100 / 138.37 = 11.30 %
= 16.6 x 100 / 123.48 = 13.40 % Ans. Quartering

4. Concrete beam sample should continuously cured for?

Ans. 14 days
WORKSHEET FOR LIQUID AND PLASTIC LIMIT TEST
5. Concrete cylinder sample should continuously cured for?
1. 59.34 - 55.83 = 3.51 55.83 - 46.02 = 9.81
46.02 - 9.81 = 35.80 Ans. 28 days
2. 59.98 - 55.40 = 4.58 55.40 - 43.17 = 12.23
43.17 - 12.23 = 37.45 6. Maximum size of fine aggregate for item 405 and 405?
 Ans. ⅜”
18. CBR value of sub-base course shall be less than?
7. Maximum size of Item 310?
Ans. 25 %
Ans. 1”
19. If conventional base course materials are not available,
8. For every __________ sq.m. or fraction thereof, 1 situ-Density blending of materials of weathered limestone is allowed with a
test? preparation of ?

Ans. 500 Ans. 40 % limestone & 60 % gravel

20. For item 201 under grading B maximum passing of 1 ½” materials?

9. How many hole in 1 situ-Density Ans. 100 %

Ans. 3 holes 21. In the conduct of CBR test as to T-193 maximum size of particle
is?
10. Laboratory compaction of item 104, tested by AASHTO T99 Method
“C”, how many blows? Ans. ¾”

Ans. 25 B/L 22. Maximum size for item 202 is?

11. Laboratory compaction of item 200, test by AASHTO T180 Method Ans. 1 ½”
“D”, how many blows?

Ans. 11.56 B/L 23. Abrasion test for item 202 shall have a mass % of wear not
exceeding ________ by Los Angeles Abrasion test (LAAT).
12. Preparation of concrete beam sample, how many stroke / layers?
Ans. 45 %
Ans. 63 B/L
24. Item 202 shall a mass percent of _________ with at least one
13. Preparation of concrete cylinder sample, how many layers / fractured face.
sampling?
Ans. <50
Ans. 3 layers
25. What class of concrete is used when concrete is deposited in
14. CBR value of item 200 min.? water?

Ans. 25 % Ans. Seal

15. CBR value of item 201 min.? 26. If the required thickness of item 200 is 300 mm, the material
may be spread and compacted in _________ ?
Ans. 80 %
Ans. 2 layer(s)
16. Abrasion loss requirement of item 200 max.?
27. If the type of soil in item 200 material is non plastic, what
Ans. 50 % atterberg limit test can be performed?

17. Item 201 shall a maximum size of? Ans. Liquid Limit

Ans. 2.0 in.

28. Who exercise overall planning implementation and control in the
supervision of field operation? Ans. Weekly

Ans. Project Engineer 38. What test determine the amount of asphalt present in bituminous
mixtures?
29. An asphalt cement can be a good bituminous binder materials for
item? Ans. Extraction Test

Ans. Item 310 39. What should the Resident Engineer do when asphalt pavement under
construction attains a density of 85 % at the time of
30. Before placing concrete, the base of a roadway for concerning compaction?
should be kept in moist condition and saturated with for at
least? Ans. Required additional rolling until the minimum density
requirement is attained
Ans. 6 hours
40. Emulsified asphalt are either?
31. What is the permitted variation from the design thickness of a
layer of aggregate base course? Ans. (a) Cationic emulsion - which work better with wet
aggregates and cold weather
Ans. 10 mm. (b) Anionic emulsion - which adhere better to
aggregates which have positive charges
32. What do you call the defect of a concrete pavement that shows
peeling away of the surface and aggregates are exposed? 41. Bituminous materials commonly used in item 310.

Ans. Scaling Ans. Asphalt Cement

33. Concrete class “A” mix used and deposited in water for footing 42. Greatly influence the service of an asphalt pavement.
construction shall maintain a slump between?
Ans. grade & quantity of asphalt
Ans. 10 to 40 mm.
43. Influenced primarily the grade of asphalt selected.
34. The type of asphalt material that is being referred to by
penetration grade? Ans. Climate condition

Ans. Asphalt Cement 44. The lower penetration grade or hard asphalt is used in?

35. Which of the materials has the greatest load carrying capacity? Ans. Hot climate

Ans. Sand 45. The higher penetration grade or softer asphalt is used in?

Ans. Cold climate

36. To facilitate the acceptance of cement, the compressive strength
of mortar sample at 3 days can be considered provided that the 46. Who will approved the job mix formula?
strength of the samples at 7 days is not less than what percent
of the compressive strength requirement for 28 days? Ans. DPWH P.E. & M.E.

Ans. 85 % 47. What is the depth of the corrugation produced by brooming in the
surface of the pavement?
37. Per DPWH Memorandum Circular No. 38, dated Nov. 1981, a
certificate of Quality Control Assurance (CQCA) should be Ans. 1.5 mm.
accomplished.
 55. The surface of the newly placed concrete when it is sufficiently
48. The Job Mix Formula contains provisions on the following: set shall be cured for a period of?

Ans. (a) Grading of aggregates Ans. 72 hours

(b) Percentage and type of asphalt
(c) Temperature of aggregates & asphalt 56. When tar is used what is the temperature that the mixture shall
(d) Temperature of mixture upon delivery or time of be placed?
compaction
Ans. 66 °C to 77 °C
49. What is the primary quality control mechanism for the production
of asphalt mixture/ 57. When is the compaction be done in order to attain the required
density?
Ans. Job Mix formula
Ans. When the mixture is still hot and workable
RANGES OF TOLERANCE:
58. What is to be done in order to determine the number of passes
(a) Passing No. 4 and larger sieve +/- 7 % that would attain the required density?
(b) Passing No. 8 to No. 100 sieve +/- 4 %
(c) Passing No. 200 sieve +/- 2 % Ans. Trial section
(d) Bituminous materials +/-0.4 %
(e) Temperature of mixture +/- 10 °C 59. What control during the mixing and compaction is of great
significance in the strength of the resulting pavement?
50. What is the minimum dry compressive strength of the mixture?
Ans. Temperature
Ans. 1.4 Mpa. (200 psi)
60. What kind of roller should be used for initial or breakdown
51. The mixture shall have a mass percent air voids with the range compaction?
of?
Ans. Pneumatic tire roller (not < 10 tons)
Ans. 3 % to 5 %
61. For final compaction and smoothing what kind of roller must be
52. What is the index of retained strength of the mixture? used?

Ans. 70 % Ans. Tandem smooth wheeled roller

53. What is the most commonly used method in the design and 62. What is the speed of the roller?
evaluation of bituminous concrete mixes?
Ans. 5 tons/hour
Ans. Marshall stability method
63. After the final rolling, what should be check?
54. The quality control tests for asphalt mixtures as follows:
Ans. Degree of compaction
Ans. (a) Immersion-Compression Test - determine the index
of retained strength of the mix 64. The surface of the pavement shall be roughened by means of?
(b) Extraction and Grading Test - determines the
asphalt content and particle size distribution of Ans. Brooming
coarse and fine aggregates
(c) Laboratory Density Test - determines the degree of 65. The compacted pavement shall have a density equal to or greater
compaction than?

Ans. 95 % or 97 % of the laboratory

 Ans. 40-75 mm. (1½” - 3”); if vibrated the slump is 10 - 40
66. Where is the traffic be permitted to enter the pavement? mm. (½” - 1½”)

Ans. Where the pavement has cooled to atmospheric 77. What kind of forms are to be used in its 3:1:1?
temperature
Ans. Steel forms and or a depth equal to the thickness of
67. How many samples shall be taken for each full day’s operation? the pavement

Ans. At least one but not more than three (3) core samples 78. How long shall the forms remain undisturbed after core pouring

68. What is the dimension of the samples taken full depth from the Ans. 24 hours
finished pavement for thickness determination?
79. When concrete is mixed in a central mixing plan, how many
Ans. 150 mm. x 150 mm. diameter seconds is the mixing time?

69. How is the sample taken from the finished pavement? Ans. Not less than 50 seconds not more than 90 seconds

Ans. Core drill or saw 80. How is concrete consolidated?

70. How is the surface level of the finished pavement be checked? Ans. By the use of vibrator inserted in the concrete
vertically
Ans. By the use of 3m. straight edge
71. The variation of the surface from the testing edge of the 81. If the lanes are connected separately, what kind of joint in a
straight edge between contacts with the surface shall not form of key or key way is used?
exceed?
Ans. Longitudinal construction joint
Ans. 6 mm.
82. What kind of bars are placed perpendicular to the joint stated
72. What determines the thickness and density of compacted asphalt in No. 52?
pavement?
Ans. Deformed steel bars
Ans. Core test

73. What is the strength requirement (flexural strength) of a

concrete where tested by third point adding method? 83.What is the other name or transverse contraction joint?

Ans. 38 Mpa (650 psi) Ans. Weaker plane joint

74. If no 40 be tested by midpoint method what is the strength 84. What is the depth of the weaker plane joint when sawed with a
requirement? concrete saw?

Ans. 405 Mpa (650 psi) Ans. Not less than 50 mm.

75. What is the comprehensive strength of the PCCP (Portland Cement 85. The width of the weaker plane joint is?
Concrete Pavement)
Where tested at 14 days? Ans. Not more than 6 mm.

Ans. 24.1 Mpa (3,500 psi) 86. What is the right time to saw the weaker plane joint?

76. What is the slump of a workable concrete if not vibrated? Ans. Within 24 hours as soon as concrete has harden
sufficiently
 94. As materials Engineer, what is the area of the trial section
87. What shall be done if cracks appear at or near the joint prior that you would recommend to check the suitability of the
to the time of sawing? materials and efficiency of the equipment to be used for item
310, bit. Concrete Surface course?
Ans. Sawing shall be omitted
Ans. 500 sq.m.
88. Tie bars shall not be coated or painted wither ________ ?
95. Per program of work, the estimated volume of item 201 materials
Ans. Asphalt or other materials is 7,500 cu.m. How many grading and plasticity test are required
based on the DPWH Minimum testing requirement?
89. What is the metal device that are used as a load transfer device
held in a position parallel to the surface and center line of Ans. 25 grading & 25 plasticity
the slab of pavement?
96. Bituminous concrete mixes contain asphalt by weight equivalent
Ans. Dowels to?

90. To protect dowels from corrosion and to facilitate sliding in Ans. 5 % to 8 %

concrete. It shall be coated with?
97. Quantity of factory - produced reinforce concrete pipe may best
Ans. Their film of bitumen established through?

91. The standard penetration test (STP) is an in-situ test that Ans. Test of concrete pipes sample
measures what?
98. The result of the Immersion-compression test conducted on
Ans. Depth of soil layer asphalt mix surface are as follows:
Dry stability = 2,000 kpa Wet stability = 1,000
92. Which of the following bit. Materials is best recommended for kpa
sealing weakened joint?
What is the resulting Index of Retained strength? Does it meet
Ans. Joint filler asphalt (hard or blown asphalt) the specification requirement of item 310, bit. con. surface
course
93. The main problem associated with wrong practice of conveying
concrete is called what? Ans. (a) Index of Retained Strength (IRS) = wet
stability / dry stability x 100
Ans. Segragation = 1,000 kpa / 2000
kpa x 100
92. The specifications call for 1:2:4 concrete Mix in a one bagger = 50 %
mixer, which of the following amount of water is most likely (b) No it does not meet the specification of item 310
required for the mix? since the specification of IRS is 70 %
minimum
Ans. 20 liters
99. Quality testing control in DPWH project is the responsibility of
93. A one lane road, with a pavement width of 3.5 m. and shoulder the?
width of 0.5 m. on each side of the pavement, was designed to
have sub-base and base courses with a combined thickness of the Ans. DPWH & Contractor Materials Engineer
sub-base is 125 mm, the spreading and compaction of the sub-base
and base courses shall be carried out in? 100. As materials Engineer, when is the right time to start Sampling
and testing aggregate of the course materials?
Ans. 3 layers over the full width of 4.5 m.
Ans. Before the coarse materials be incorporated in the
project
 Ans. Pulverizing of the aggregate or displacement of the
101. The spot test on asphalt is used to determine what? mixture

Ans. Overheating during manufacture 111. Final rolling shall be continued until roller marks are
eliminated and a minimum of ________ mass % of the density of
102. Under what climate condition do we used the lower penetration the laboratory compacted specimens prepared in accordance with
grade or hard asphalt? AASHTO T160 has been obtained.

Ans. Hot climate Ans. 95 mass %

103. Sampling of the freshly mixed concrete should be taken on the
________ batch discharge of the transit mixers? 112. For surface tolerance, the surface (bituminous mix) will be
checked by the use of a ________ at sites selected by the
Ans. Middle Engineer?

104. Soft and unsuitable soils were encountered during the course of Ans. 3 m. straight edge
sub-grade preparation. If you were the Materials Engineer
assigned to the project, what is the most effective and cheaper 113. In testing bituminous mix sample for immersion. Comprssive
method that you would recommend to stabilize the soil prior to stability is soaked in water bath for ________ days?
the construction of the sub-base course?
Ans. 4 days
Ans. Geotextiles

105. What is the basis for acceptance or rejection of any

construction materials? 114. Given: Wt. of dry aggregates = 950 g.
Wt. of asphalt = 50 g.
Ans. Materials test report
What is the % of asphalt by wt. of total mix?
106. In testing concrete cylinder sample the load applied should be
continues without shock at a constant rate within the range of Ans. Wt. of total mix = wt. of dry agg. + wt. of
_________ per second? asphalt
= 950 g. + 50 g.
Ans. 0.14 to 0.34 Mpa or 20 to 50 psi = 1,000 g.
Therefore: (50g / 1000g) x 100 = 5 %
107. During the application of the first half of the anticipated
load, a _________ rate of loading shall be permitted. 115. Does the percent asphalt in problem # 26 meet the required
specification for percent asphalt in bit. mixes? Why?
Ans. Higher rate
Ans. Yes because standard specification for percent asphalt
108. Initial rolling bituminous mixes shall be performed with a in bit. mixes is 5 to 8 %
_________ roller?
116. If the actual percent asphalt in problem # 26 is 5 % and the
Ans. Pneumatic tire roller percent asphalt in a job mix formula is 5.6 %, did it pass the
required tolerance?
109. Final rolling in bituminous mixes shall be performed with a
__________ roller? Ans. No because the required tolerance for % asphalt in a
job mix formula is +/- 0.4 %
Ans. 3 wheel or tandem type steel roller
117. Which is not the duty or responsibility of Materials Engineer?
110. Rolling of bituminous mix shall be discontinued whenever it
begins to produce excessive _______ or ________ ? Ans. Quantity of construction materials
118. How many concrete cylinder sample is required for a 3,000 pcs.
Reinforced Concrete Culvert Pipes (RCCP)? Rate of application (ready mixed bituminous materials)
1 lbs./cu.m. = 5,126
Ans. 120 sets (consisting of 3 concrete cylinder per set) conversion Lbs. to M.T. = 2.204

119. If concrete cylinder is not available for a 3,000 pcs. culvert Solution: V = L x W x T = 1,200 sq.m. x 0.05 = 60 cu.m.
pipes. How many pipes shall be subjected to test?
Required ready mixed Bit. Materials = 60 cu.m. x 5,126 lbs./MT /
Ans. 60 culvert pipes 2.204 lbs./MT
= 139.55 MT
120. What kind of test requires calibrated sand in filling the hole
in order to determine the volume of hole? 3. Determine the quantity of bituminous materials in drums needed
to treat a prepared base course using the following data:
Ans. Field density test
Length = 1.5 km. Width = 6.10 m. Rate of application =
121. What test that is using a rammer and mold? 1.5 L/sq.m.

Ans. Moisture-Density relation test or compaction test Solution: A = L x W = 1,500 m. x 6.10 m. = 9,150 sq.m.

121. What kind of asphalt that has a penetration grade of 0 to 30 Required Bituminous materials = 9,150 sq.m. x 1.5 L/sq.m. =
mm? 13,725 L

Ans. Blown Aspahlt No. pf drums = 13,725 L / 200L/drum = 68.62 drums

PROBLEM SOLVING

1. An existing asphalt pavement with a length of 1.75 km. and width

of 6.10 m., is to be treated with bituminous seal coat using the CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY CONTROL ASSURANCE
following data:

Bituminous materials, L2/sq.m. = 0.75

Cover Aggregate kg./sq.m. = 6.50 Project:
Unit wt. of cover aggregates = 1,725 kg./cu.m.
________________________________________________________________
Determine the quantity of bit. materials in drums and the covers ____________
aggregates required.

Solution: A = 1,750 m. x 6.10 m. = 10,675 sq.m. ________________________________________________________________

Required bit. materials = 0.75 L/sq.m. x 10,675 ____________
sq.m. = 8,006.25 L
No. of Drums = 8,006.25 L/drum = 40.03
say 40 drums
Required cover aggregates = 10,675 sq.in. x 6.5 Contractor:
kgs./sq.m. = 69.387.50 ________________________________________________________________
Volume = 69,387.50 kgs. / 1,725 = 40.22 cu.m. _________

2. An area of 1,200 sq.m. with a thickness of 2” is to be patched

with a ready mixed bituminous materials using the following
data, how many metric ton will be used to cover the area?
 We hereby certify that we have conducted an inspection and
verification on the work accomplished on the above-mentioned project PRE-EXAMINATION QUESTIONAIRES
for the period _____________________________________________.
We further certify that we have found that the quality of materials 1. One of the duties of the Materials Engineer is to
in the following item of works corresponding to the quantity
accomplished conforms with the Standard Specification and Special (a) Check the geometric control of the project
Provisions of the contract, viz: (b) Recommend to the Project Engineer remedial measures for the
corrections of unsatisfactory
conditions of materials.
(c) Prepare as built-plans
Item No. Description Quantity
Accomplished Ans. d

__________ ____________________________ 2. Which of the following is not the work of the Materials
_______________________________ Engineer?

__________ ____________________________ (a) To prepare design mixes for concrete and bituminous
_______________________________ mixtures.
(b) To ensure that samples are properly cured by standard
__________ ____________________________ procedures.
_______________________________ (c) To check the required equipment needed in the project.

Ans. c

3. The materials Engineer of the contractor is directly under the

supervision of the
__________________________________ (a) Materials Engineer of the DPWH
________________________ (b) Project Engineer of the Contractor
Project Quantity Control Engineer (c) Project Engineer of the Consultant
Project Engineer
Ans. b

4. The requisites in transporting samples to the laboratory is

Note: To be submitted every quarter of the month (a) Well packed in durable containers to avoid damages in
transit, accompanied by a sample card
filled up in detail and duty signed by the Materials
1st report 1 to 7 of the month Engineer.
2nd report 8 to 15 of the month (b) Transported in any vehicle without cushions, accompanied by
3rd report 16 to 22 of the month a sample card duly signed by
4th report 23 to 31 of the month anybody in the project.
(c) Well packed in durable containers to avoid damages in
transit.

Ans. a

5. Which of the following is a duty of a Materials Engineer?

 (a) To see that all laboratory equipment are protected from dust
and other foreign matters that tend Ans. b
to destroy their sensitivity.
(b) To evaluate the work accomplishment of the contractor. 11. It is a chemical composition of asphalt that gives color and
(c) To supervise corrections of physical defects in the project. hardness.

Ans. a (a) Asphaltene

(b) Maltene
6. The materials engineer must base his/her recommendation for the (c) Resin
acceptance and rejection of construction materials on (d) Oil

(a) Visual inspection only Ans. a

(b) Test results
(c) Conscience 12. Which of the following is not a manufactured asphalt.

Ans. b (a) Asphalt Cement

(b) Blown Asphalt
(c) Liquid Asphalt
(d) Rock Asphalt
7. The calibration of the universal testing machine is conducted
Ans. d
(a) Once a year
(b) Every quarter 13. In bituminous mixture composition, percent of aggregates ranges
(c) Every semester from

Ans. a (a) 90 - 95 % (b) 92 - 95 % (c) 93 - 96 %

(d) 95 - 97 %
8. Who is recommending the acceptance and rejection of construction
materials intended for use in the project, based on test Ans. b
results?
14. The mineral filler which is used in the bituminous mix passes
(a) Project Engineer of the Contractor sieve number
(b) Materials Engineer of the Contractor
(c) Materials Engineer of DPWH (a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 40
(d) 60
Ans. b
Ans. b
9. The following are physical properties of asphalt except
15. Which of the following is not a property of aggregates for
(a) Consistency bituminous mix composition
(b) Temperature Susceptibility]
(c) Gradation (a) Strength (b) Particle Shape (c) Absorption and
Specific Gravity (d) Penetration
Ans. c
Ans. d
10. Which of the following is a physical test of asphalt
16. The percent of asphalt used in bituminous mix ranges from
(a) Field Density Test
(b) Ductility Test (a) 5 - 8 % (b) 6 - 8 % (c) 4 - 8 %
(c) Tri-axial Test (d) 3 - 8 %
(d) Rebound Test
 Ans. a
Ans. b
17. Determine the effect of water on the cohesion of the bituminous
mixture. 24. The mixing temperature of bituminous mix is

(a) Marshall Test (a) 163 °C (b) 165 °C (c) 170

(b) Immersion-Compression Test °C
(c) Extraction Test
Ans. a
Ans. b
25. The heating temperature of asphalt ranges from
18. Asphalt cement, liquid asphalt, and blown asphalt are
(a) 100 °C - 110 °C (b) 121 °C - 138 °C (c) 125
(a) Natural asphalt (b) Manufactured asphalt °C - 140 °C
(c) Mix asphalt
Ans. b
Ans. b
26. The heating temperature of aggregates ranges from
19. Cold mix asphalt is used in
(a) 150 °C - 160 °C (b) 177 °C - 191 °C (c) 180
(a) Paving (b) Pothole patching °C - 200 °C
(c) Additive
Ans. b
Ans. b
27. The average minimum strength requirement of non-load bearing
20. VMA means concrete masonry is 4.14 Mpa (600 psi). What is its minimum
individual strength requirement?
(a) Voids in Material Aggregates
(b) Voids in Mineral Air (a) 3.45 Mpa (500 psi ) (b) 5.5 Mpa (800 psi) (c) 6.9
(c) Voids in Mineral Aggregates Mpa (1000 psi)

Ans. c Ans. a

21. The allowable air voids in compacted asphalt mix is 28. The average individual strength requirement of load bearing
concrete masonry units is 5.5 Mpa (800 psi). What is its average
(a) 3 % (b) 5 % (c) 8 % strength requirement?

Ans. b (a) 5.5 Mpa (800 psi) (b) 6.9 Mpa (1000 psi) (c) 3.45
Mpa (500 psi)
22. In Marshall test, the specimens are tested for stability and
flow at Ans. b

(a) 50 °C (c) 60 °C (c) 70 °C 29. The maximum absorpsion content of CHB

(a) 230 kg./cu.m. (b) 240 kg./cu.m. (c) 250

kg./cu.m.
23. The compaction temperature in molding the bituminous mixture
specimens Ans. b

(a) 100 °C (b) 124 °C (c) 135 30. The maximum moisture content of CHB
°C
 (a) 40 % (b) 43 % (c) 45 % (c) Control of Quality Center Assurance

Ans. c Ans. a

31. SPT means 38. CQCA is prepared and submitted every

(a) Standard Penetration Time (a) month (b) every week (c)
(b) Standard Penetration Test every quarter
(c) Sampling Procedure Time
Ans. b
Ans. b
39. It is a test required prior to final payment of Portland Cement
32. A tube sampler used in sampling undisturbed sample. Concrete Pavement and Asphalt Pavements

(a) Piston tube (b) Shelby tube (c) (a) rebound hammer test
Split tube (b) coring test for thickness determination
(c) compression test
Ans. b
Ans. b
33. Used in sealing undisturbed sample.

(a) Masking tape (b) Wax (c) Auger

Ans. b 40. It is a document in the field that narrates the quality control
activities and is mandated in memorandum circular no. 80 dated
34. A tube sampler used in sampling disturbed sample. 30 June 1978.

(a) Split Spoon Sampler (b) Shelby tube (c) (a) logbook (b) monthly status of test (c) blue
Auger book

Ans. a Ans. a

35. It is a dynamic test used in the field to obtain rapid empirical 41. The specific gravity of asphalt cement ranges from
results which can be used to estimate shear strength and bearing
capacity. (a) 1.01 - 1.04 (b) 0.99 - 1.0 (c) 1.1
- 1.2
(a) Load Test (b) Standard Penetration Test (c)
California Bearing Ration Test Ans. a

Ans. a 42. The type of electron present in rapid setting emulsified asphalt

36. A Type of coring bit used in rock coring (a) cationic (b) anionic (c)
protons
(a) Diamond bit (b) Gold bit (c) Brass bit
Ans. a
Ans. a
43. How many group of 3 in-situ densities are required if the
37. CQCA means compacted volume of embankment laid were estimated to be 1,500
cu.m. with a thickness of 0.20 m./layer?
(a) Certificate of Quality - Control Assurance
(b) Certificate of Quality Control Aspect (a) 20 (b) 15 (c) 10
 50. The maximum allowable % phosphorus content of deformed and plain
Ans. b billet steel bar is

44. The selvage wire of a gabion per specification has a minimum (a) 0.6 % (b) 0.06 5 (c) 0.006 %
diameter of
Ans. b
(a) 3.4 cm (b) 3.4 mm (c) 3.4
in 51. The minimum tensile strength of grade 40 steel bar per
specification is 483 Mpa. What is its minimum yield point?
Ans. b
Ans. a
45. The selvage wire of a mattress per specification has a minimum
diameter of (a) 276 Mpa (b) 376 Mpa (c) 476 Mpa

(a) 2.7 cm (b) 2.7 mm (c) 2.7 52. What is the percent permissible error in the calibration of the
in universal testing machine / portable flexural / compression
machine?
Ans. b
(a) ± 0.1 % (b) ± 1.0 % (c) ±
46. The minimum zinc coating requirements of gabions and mattress is 0.5 %

(a) 0.244 kg/m² (b) 0.344 kg/m² (c) Ans. b

0.255 kg/m²
53. How do you compute for the Plasticity Index of soil?
Ans. a
(a) LL - PL (b) PL - LL (c) LL -
47. The minimum diameter requirement of a tire wire is GI

(a) 3.2 mm (b) 2.2 mm (c) 4.2 Ans. a

mm
54. The liquid limit is expressed as the moisture content
Ans. b corresponding to

48. The allowable % variation in mass of deformed reinforcing steel (a) 15 blows (b) 25 blows (c) 35 blows
bar is
Ans. b
(a) 5.0 % max. under nominal mass
(b) 6.0 % max. under nominal mass 55. Plasticity Index is an indication of percent
(c) 7.0 % max. under nominal mass
(a) sand content (b) clay content (c)
Ans. b impurities content

49. The bending requirements of deformed reinforcing steel bars is Ans. b

(a) no cracking on the inside bent portion 56. Laboratory compaction test of soil is also known as
(b) no cracking on the outside bent portion
(c) no cracking at 45° (a) Moisture-density Relation Test
(b) Tri-axial Test
Ans. b (c) Consolidation Test

Ans. a
 Ans. b

63. Air-dry sand used in the density apparatus is passing

(a) Sieve No. 10 and retained sieve No. 200

57. The significance of laboratory compaction test is to
(a) Determine the bearing capacity of soil
(b) Determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture
content
(c) Determine the load bearing capacity of soil
(b) Sieve No. 30 and retained sieve No. 200
(c) Sieve No. 50 and retained sieve No. 200
Ans. a
64. Which of the following items does not need a CBR

Ans. b (a) Subbase Materials

(b) Surfacing Materials
58. The condition of soil sample to be tested in the laboratory (c) Base Course Materials
compaction test is
Ans. b
(a) Wet condition (b) Oven-dried condition (c) Air-
dried condition
65. In the field density test conducted in embankment, result showed
Ans. c that the computed dry unit weight was 1,650 kg/m³. Laboratory
compaction data showed that the maximum dry density was 1,725
59. The weight of hammer to be used in the laboratory compaction of kg/m³ and the optimum moisture content was 12 %. What is the
soil for embankment is degree of compaction?

(a) 2.5 kg. (b) 3.5 kg. (c) 4.0 (a) 94 % (b) 96 % (c) 96.8 %
kg.
Ans. b
Ans. a
66. The test that determines the resistance of aggregates to
60. the weight of hammer used in the laboratory compaction of sub- disintegration by saturated solutions of sodium sulfate or
base and base materials magnesium sulfate.

(a) 4.0 kg. (b) 4.54 kg. (c) 4.64 kg. (a) Autoclave (b) Soundness test (c) Abrasion
test
Ans. b
Ans. b
61. The method in the determination of density soil in - place
67. Given the following laboratory data of Coarse Aggegates
(a) sand-cone method (b) Compaction method (c) Tri-axial
method Weight of original sample =
2,480 g.
Ans. a Weight of oven-dry test sample in air =
2,100 g.
62. A control test in embankment construction to ensure adequate Weight of saturated-surface-dry test sample in air =
compaction 2,390 g.
Weight of saturated test sample in water =
(a) Hydrometer Test 1,605 g.
(b) Field Density Test
(c) Soundness Test What is the computed specific gravity?
 (a) 2.50 (b) 2.68 (c) 2.80 (a) 20 ± 1.7 °C (b) 23 ± 1.7 °C
(c) 25 ± 1.7 °C
Ans. b
Ans. b
68. In abrasion test, the abrasive charge shall consist of cast-iron
spheres or steel spheres. Using grading A, how many are the 75. The rate of loading in the determination of compressive strength
number of spheres? of cylindrical concrete specimen is at a constant rate within
the range of
(a) 12 (b) 11 (c) 8
(a) 20 to 50 psi/sec (b) 10 to 50 psi/sec
Ans. a (c) 30 to 50 psi/sec

69. The total weight of samples in abrasion test using Grading A, B, Ans. a
C, & D is
76. In the design of concrete mix, what is the volume of water in
(a) 4,500 g. (b) 4,800 g. (c) the concrete mix that produces a slump of 76.2 mm.?
5,000 g.
(a) 25.7 (b) 24.7
Ans. b (c) 23.7

70. The curve in a logarithmic scale where the 25th blow is projected Ans. b
in order to determine the liquid of the soil
77. The standard fineness modulus of sand is about
(a) Parabolic curve (b) Flow curve (c) Highway curve
(a) 2.65 (b) 2.75
Ans. b (c) 2.85

71. Percentage of wear represents the value of Ans. b

(a) Abrasion loss (b) Absorption loss (c) Weight loss 78. The standard packing weight of cement

Ans. a (a) 50 kg/bag (b) 40 kg/bag (c) 60

kg/bag
72. The ratio of weight/mass of water in the soil to the weight/mass
of dry soil after it has been dried to constant weight/mass at Ans. b
temperature of 110 °C ± 5 °C.
79. What is the minimum cement factor of concrete pavement?
(a) Moisture content (b) Water density (c)Water specific gravity
(a) 8.5 bags/m³ (b) 9 bags/m³ (c) 9.5
Ans. a bag/m³

73. Right after sampling concrete cylinder samples shall be removed Ans. b
from its mold after.
80. How many holes of core test are required in a 2-lane 1.8 km. of
(a) 20 ± 8 hrs. (b) 24 ± 8 hrs. (c) 42 ± 8 hrs. completed concrete pavement?

Ans. b (a) 16 (b) 18

(c) 20
74. The temperature in standard curing of concrete sample is
Ans. b
81. What is the minimum test requirement for water if source is 87. The paint which is used on concrete or masonry surfaces
questionable?
(a) Red load (b) Latex (c) Aluminum
(a) Certificate from Project Engineer
(b) Quality Test Ans. b
(c) Resident Certificate
88. The average loss in weight of three specimens in zinc coating
Ans. b test

82. It is a impervious membrane applied to concrete pavement before (a) Coating bend test (b) Single spot test (c) triple spot test
its initial setting that prevents rapid evaporation of water
from the mix. Ans. c

(a) Curing compound (b) Accelerator 89. One of the three specimens in the triple spot test with the
(c) Retarder lightest coating

Ans. a (a) Single spot test (b) Coating bend test

(c) Triple spot test
83. The maximum time which the concrete beam samples attained its
strength requirement is Ans. a

(a) 14 days (b) 28 days 90. The paint that is used on wood surfaces, a special type of paint
(c) 30 days made with varnish as the vehicle.

Ans. a (a) Latex (b) Rubberized (c) Enamel

84. When do you take fresh concrete samples during pouring of Ans. c
concrete?
91. A group classification of soil, which has significant
(a) First batch (b) Last batch constituent materials of fine sand
(c) Middle batch
(a) A - 1 (b) A - 2 (c) A -
Ans. c 3a

85. The type of paint that is for zone marking, traffic lanes and Ans. c
parking spaces which is rapid drying, resistant to abrasion and
weather conditions and possess improve visibility at night. 92. Includes those materials with high plasticity indexes in
relation to liquid limit and which are subject to extremely high
(a) Latex paint (b) Reflectorize traffic paint volume change.
(c) Aluminum paint
(a) A - 7 - 5 (b) A - 7 - 6 (c) A - 2 - 6
Ans. b
Ans. b
86. An ingredient of the paint which gives reflection during night
time 93. Group index is an empirical number ranging from 0 to 20 under
average conditions of good drainage and adequate compaction, the
(a) Vehicle (b) Glass beads supporting value of a material as subgrade may be assumed as an
(c) pigment inverse ratio to its group index; that is, a group index of zero
indicates.
Ans. b
 (a) Very poor subgrade material Oven dry soil plus container = 52.4
(b) Good subgrade material Air dry soil plus container = 53.4
(c) Fair to poor subgrade material Container = 16.2

Ans. b (a) 1.8 % (b) 2.8 % (c) 3.8

%
94. It determine the target density which is constructed at the
beginning of work on each course of material to be compacted. Ans. b

(a) Geometric control (b) Quality control (c) 100. What is the % natural moisture content in problem # 99?
Control strips
(a) 35.1 % (b) 36.1 %
Ans. c (c) 37.1 %

95. The most common method of assessing strength and stiffness of Ans. a
both subgrade and pavement.
101. What is the Plasticity Index of the soil based on the following
(a) Water-cement ratio (b) California Bearing Ratio laboratory data?
(c) Consolidation
Cumulative % passing
Ans. b
No. 10 = 100
96. The class of concrete used in thin reinforced sections, railings No. 40 = 80
and for filler in steel grid floors with a required minimum No. 200 = 60
compressive strength of 20.7 MN/m². LL = 45
PL = 30
(a) Class A (b) Class B (c) Class C
(a) 15 (b) 20
Ans. c (c) - 15

97. The maximum water-cement ratio of Class A concrete Ans. a

(a) 0.53 (b) 0.55 (c) 0.49 102. A field density test was run on a rolled soil-aggregate subbase
layer. The following results were obtained.
Ans. a
Weight per cu.m. of calibrated sand = 1532
kg/m³
Weight of moist soil taken from hole = 7.62 kg
Moist content of soil = 11.1 %
98. The range of slump used in placing of concrete by pumping. Weight of calibrated sand to fill hole =
4.5 kg.
(a) 5 to 10 cm (b) 10 to 20 cm
(c) 25 30 cm What is the dry density of the rolled soil-aggregate?

Ans. b (a) 2,300.5 kg/m³ (b) 2,330.5 kg/m³

(c) 2,335.5 kg/m³
99. What is the % hygroscopic moisture of the soil sample tested in
the laboratory with the following data? Ans. c

Weight in grams
Wet soil = 48.9
 106. Calculate the absorption of coarse retained at the sieve No.
103. It is confirmed that the rolled soil-aggregate subbase layer in 9.5 mm with the following data
problem 102 passed the specification, what is the degree of
compaction if the maximum dry density obtained in the laboratory Weight in air of 550 grams = 1,974
compaction is 2,172.7 kg/m³? Weight of sample in water, grams = 1,276
Weight in air of oven-dried sample = 1,958
(a) 105.5 % (b) 106.5 % (c) 107.5 %
(a) 0.82 (b) 0.85 (c) 0.88
Ans. c
Ans. a
104. Given a grading test result of a sand sample
107. Based on the data in problem 106, what is the specific gravity
Sieve Size % Passing % of the coarse aggregates?
Retained
(a) 2.73 (b) 2.83 (c) 2.93
12.5 100
0 Ans. b
9.5 100
0 108. Based on preliminary data on tests conducted on fine and coarse
4.75 96 aggregates, the following compacted batch weights were
4 determined:
2.36 65
35 Uncorrected weight (kg)
1.18 60 Corrected weight (kg)
40 Cement 40
0.60 30 40
70 Fine Aggregate 100.23
0.30 20 99.13
80 Coarse Aggregate 81.05
0.15 5 85.31
95 Water 23.20
0.075 2
98 How much is the amount of water needed in the corrected weights?

What is its fineness modulus? (a) 20.04 (b) 19.04 (c)18.04

(a) 3.04 (b) 3.14 Ans. a

(c) 3.24
109. If the packaging of cement available in the market is 50 kg per
Ans. c bag, what is the batch weight of 98 kg. fine aggregate which was
based on the 40 kg. per bag of cement?
105. A 5000 grams of coarse aggregate was tested for abrasion. After
500 revolutions at the Los Angeles abrasion machine, the (a) 120.5 kg. (b) 121.5 kg. (c) 122.5 kg.
aggregate retained on sieve No. 12 were 4,440 grams. What is the
abrasion loss? Ans. c

(a) 10.2 (b) 11.2 (c) 12.2 110. A sample of bituminous mixture was taken for extraction test to
determine its asphalt content. The laboratory data are as
Ans. b follows:

Original weight of sample = 880 grams

 Weight of sample after extraction = 839.70 grams (a) 580 psi (b) 583 psi
(c) 585 psi
What is the % asphalt content?
Ans. b
(a) 4.8 % (b) 5.0 % (c) 5.8
% 116. When the strength test results of concrete beam or cylinder
samples are not acceptable, how many representative cores shall
Ans. a be taken from each member or area of concrete in-place
considered deficient.
111. A sample was cored in an asphalt pavement to determine its
degree of compaction. Per laboratory test conducted, the (a) At least two (b) At least three (c) At
measured specific gravity (Gmb) was 2,320, percent asphalt least four
content was 6.0, specific gravity of asphalt was 1.02, and
specific gravity of aggregates was 2.66. What is the compacted Ans. b
degree of compaction?
117. Concrete in the area represented by the cores will be
(a) 85.63 % (b) 90.63 % considered adequate if the average strength of the cores is at
(c) 95.63 % least

Ans. c (a) 80 % of the required strength

(b) 85 % of the required strength
112. A bituminous material was tested by standard method and showed (c) 90 % of the required strength
the following results. The penetration for 5 seconds at 25 °C
was 8.6 mm, 8.9 mm. and 9.0 mm. What is the average penetration Ans. b
of bituminous material?
118. If the deficiency in strength of concrete specimen is 5 to less
(a) 88.33 (b) 89.33 (c) than 10 percent, how much percent will be allowed for payment?
90.33
(a) 100 % (b) 80 % (c) 70 %
Ans. a
Ans. b
113. What is the ductility of the bituminous material if the sample
broke after 25 minutes with a rate of stretching of 5 cm/min? 119. In the evaluation of core samples, for each core sample, how
many measurements of length are made?
(a) 120 (b) 125
(c) 130 (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10

Ans. b Ans. b

114. In three-edge bearing method of testing pipes, how many inches 120. If concrete is mix in the central mixing plant, the mixing time
of crack does the ultimate load produces? shall not be less than 50 seconds nor more than

(a) 0.1 in (b) 0.01 in (a) 60 sec (b) 90 sec (c) 120 sec
(c) 1.0 in
Ans. b
Ans. a
121. What is the minimum time required in transporting mixed
115. A beam 6” by 6” was beaten with application of 7,000 lbs. by concrete from the time water is added to the mixed until it is
third point loading method. The fracture occurred within the deposited in place at the site when hauled in non-agitating
middle third. What is the modulus of rupture? trucks?
 (a) 95 min (b) 50 min (a) 10 -20 cm. (b) 20 - 30 cm.
(c) 60 min (c) 40 - 50 cm.

Ans. a Ans. a
122. Vibrators shall not be operated longer than how many seconds in
any one location. 129. The instrument used in placing concrete in water in a compact
mass in its final position.
(a) 10 seconds (b) 15 seconds
(c) 30 seconds (a) truck mixer (b) tremie (c)
chute
Ans. b
Ans. b
123. What is the maximum time required in transporting mixed
concrete from the time water is added to the mix until the 130. The maximum consistency range in slump in class P concrete.
concrete is deposited in place at the site when hauled in truck
mixes or truck agitators. (a) 50 mm. (b) 100 mm.
(c) 200 mm.
(a) 45 minutes (b) 90 minutes
(c) 100 minutes Ans. b

Ans. b 131. The maximum specific gravity of a thermoplastic paint.

124. The minimum compressive requirement of pre-stressed concrete (a) 2.15 (b) 3.15 (c) 4.15
structures and members
Ans. a
(a) 16.5 MN/m³ (b) 20.7 MN/m³ (c) 37.7 MN/m³
132. The softening point of a thermoplastic paint.
Ans. c
(a) 100.5 °C (b) 102.5 °C (c)
125. The class of concrete deposited in water 105.5 °C

(a) class A (b) class C (c) Seal Ans. c

Ans. c 133. The maximum drying time of a thermoplastic paint.

126. The class of concrete used in all superstructure and heavily (a) 5 minutes (b) 10 minutes
reinforced sub-structures. (c) 15 minutes

(a) class A (b) class B (c) class C Ans. a

Ans. c 134. The minimum percentage of glass beads contained in a

thermoplastic paint.
127. The minimum cement content of concrete deposited in water
(a) 15 % (b) 20 % (c) 25 %
(a) 300 kg/cm³ (b) 400 kg/cm³ (c) 500 kg/cm³
Ans. a
Ans. b
135. The minimum weight of sample of reflectorized thermoplastic
128. The slump maintained in placing concrete in water. paint.

(a) 10 kg. (b) 15 kg. (c) 20 kg.

 (a) 110 ± 5 °C (b) 100 ± 5 °C
Ans. a (c) 100 °C

136. The apparatus used to measure the thickness or height of Ans. a

compacted bituminous paving mixture.
143. It is a solid asphalt which is a basic constituent of all other
(a) Ruler b) Vernier Caliper (c) Steel Tape asphalt called as hot asphalt or penetration grade asphalt.

Ans. b (a) Asphalt Cement (b) Emulsified

Asphalt (c) Cutback Asphalt
137. It is used in calculating the unit weight of the mixture and
the degree of compaction of the asphalt pavement. Ans. a

(a) Bulk Specific Gravity of compacted bituminous mixtures using 144. It is a kind of liquid asphalt which is a mixture of asphalt
saturated surface dry specimens cement and oil.
(b) Dry unit weight of compacted bituminous mixtures
(c) Mass of the specimen in water (a) Slow Curing Cutback (b) Emulsified Asphalt
(c) Blown Aspahlt
Ans. a
Ans. a
138. The test which covers the quantitative determination of bitumen
in hot-mixed paving mixtures and pavement samples for 145. It is a kind of liquid asphalt which is a mixture of asphalt
specification acceptance, service evaluation, control and cement and kerosene.
research.
(a) Medium Curing Cutback
(a) Extraction (b) Spot Test (c) Flash Point (b) Asphalt Cement
Ans. a (c) Rapid Curing Cutback
139. The solvent used in extraction of bitumen.
Ans. a
(a) Diesel Oil (b) Gasoline (c) Water
146. It is a kind of liquid asphalt which is a mixture of asphalt
Ans. b cement and gasoline.

140. The percent of bitumen content is computed based on (a) Rapid Curing Cutback (b) Blown Asphalt
(c) Joint Filler
(a) by mass raw sample (b) by mass of dry aggregate
(c) by mass of asphalt Ans. a

Ans. b
147. Asphalt is defined as:
141. The method used to determine the grading of aggregates
extracted from bituminous mixtures. (a) A petroleum product
(b) A dark brown to black cementitious materials whose
(a) Mechanical analysis of extracted aggregates consistency ranges from solid to semi-
(b) Stability Test solid and whose main constituent is called bitumen which
(c) Viscosity is either found in nature or as a
residue in petroleum refining.
Ans. a (c) None of the above

142. The drying temperature of samples. Ans. b

148. A kind of liquid asphalt which is a mixture of asphalt cement 155. Consistency test for asphalt.
and water with emulsified with pungent odor.
(a) viscosity (b) slump test
(a) Emulsified Asphalt (b) Asphalt Cement (c) (c) loss in heating
Rapid Curing Cutback Ans. a

Ans. a 156. Volatization test which measure the relative proportion of

asphalt to oil.
149. Joint filler in concrete pavement is a
(a) Distillation (b) Extraction
(a) Blown Asphalt (b) Hot Asphalt (c) Liquid Asphalt (c) Float Test

Ans. a Ans. a

150. A device use to measure the relative hardness of asphalt 157. Measurement wherein the asphalt begins to melt.

(a) Penetrometer (b) Spectrometer (c) Vicat Apparatus (a) Softening Point (b) Boiling Point
(c) Fire point
Ans. a
Ans. a
151. A property of asphalt cement to stretch without breaking
158. The sampling requirement of asphalt is
(a) Ductility (b) Durability
(c) Tensile (a) 1 sample for every 200 drums or 40 M.T.
(b) 1 sample for every 100 drums
Ans. a (c) 1 sample for every shipment

152. A point where the volatile components of asphalt will Ans. a

evaporate.
159. The component of bituminous mixes which ranges from 92 to 95
(a) Fire Point (b) Flash Point %.
(c) Center Point
(a) Bituminous Blended aggregates (b) Concrete Aggregates
Ans. b (c) Sand

153. Determine whether asphalt is over heated or not during the Ans. a
process of manufacturer.
160. It is a property of bituminous mixes in pavement, a resistance
(a) Spot Test (b) Boil Test (c) to deformation or displacement due to an impose load or repeated
Extraction Test loading.

Ans. a (a) Stability (b) Flexibility

(c) Hardness
154. Apparatus used in the specific gravity of asphalt.
Ans. a
(a) Metal pycnometer (b) Glass Pycnometer
(c) any bottle 161. A property of bituminous mixes in pavement a resistance to
disintegration or deterioration due to the action of water,
Ans. a traffic and changing climate.
 (a) Durability (b) Flexibility 167.The sampling requirement of bituminous mixes is
(c) Ductility
(a) One sample for every 75 cu.m.
Ans. a (b) One sample for every 150 cu.m.
(c) One sample per delivery per day
162. A property of bituminous mixes in pavement, the ability of the
pavement to adjust itself to the settlement. Ans. a

(a) Flexibility (b) Rigidity (c) 168. The application of liquid asphaltic material on a prepared
Hardness untried base is

Ans. a (a) Prime coating (b) Seal coating

(c) Tack coating

Ans. a

169. The application of liquid asphaltic material to an existing

163. Factors affecting workability of bituminous mixes surface of a base

(a) Gradation of aggregate, quality of asphalt, and temperature (a) Tack coat (b) Prime coat
of mix (c) Seal coat
(b) Surface texture and temperature of mix
(c) Quantity of aggregates and asphalt content Ans. a

Ans. a 170. The application of asphalt material and aggregate to the

existing surface for the purpose of sealing it against the
164. In the immersion-compression stability test, the molded sample infiltration of water or surface moisture.
has a diameter of 4 inches and the height is 4 inches of which
the wet molded asphalt sample is submerged in water for. (a) Seal Coat (b) Tack Coat (c)
Prime Coat
(a) Four days (b) Four hours
(c) Two days Ans. a

Ans. a
171. The rate of application of prime coating using cutback asphalt
165. The dry molded asphalt sample in the immersion compression is
test is submerged in water for
(a) 1 to 2 liters/sq.m. (b) 0.5 to 1 liter/sq.m.
(a) 24 hours (b) 6 hours (c) 2 to 3 liters/sq.m.
(c) 12 hours
Ans. a
Ans. a
172. The prime coat shall be left undisturbed for at least
166. The percent index retention is computed in the formula
(a) 24 hours (b) 12 hours
(a) Wet Stability / Dry Stability x 100 (c) 6 hours
(b) Dry Stability / Wet Stability x 100
(c) Wet Stability - Dry Stability x 100 Ans. a

Ans. a 173. The rate of application of tack coating using liquid or

emulsified asphalt is
 (a) 0.2 - 0.7 liter/sq.m. (b) 0.1 - 0.5 liter/sq.m.
(c) 2 liters/sq.m.
179. Placing temperature for bituminous mixture measured in the
Ans. a truck prior to dumping.

174. The rate of application of seal coat using asphalt cement is (a) at least 107 °C (b) 120 °C
(c) 150 °C
(a) 0.9 - 1.8 liters/sq.m. (b) 10 - 11 liters/sq.m.
(c) 8 - 9 liters/sq.m. Ans. a

Ans. a 180. The first phase of rolling the spread bituminous mixture is
called breakdown rolling which is carried out by steel wheeled
175. The rate of application of seal coat using cutback asphalt is rollers. The temperature requirement is

(a) 1.5 - 3.0 liters/sq.m. (b) 2.0 - 3.0 liters/sq.m. (a) 200 - 225 °C (b) 190- 199 °C
(c) 1 - 2 liters/sq.m. (c) 160 - 180 °C

Ans. a Ans. a

176. The primary quality control mechanism for the production of 181. The second phase of rolling the spread bituminous mixture is
asphalt mixes with high degree of uniformity that will satisfy called intermediate rolling which is the one responsible to
job requirements. attain the maximum density. This rolling is carried out by the
use of
(a) Job-mix formula (b) quality control formula
(c) assurance (a) pneumatic roller (b) steel roller
(c) sheepsfoot roller
Ans. a
Ans. a
177. The objective of designing the asphalt mixture is determination
of 182. Basis of acceptance of concrete design mix

(a) Type and grade of asphalt, proportion of coarse, fine, and (a) Trials Mix Test Result (b) Mill Certificate
mineral filler, if used, and asphalt (c) P.E. Certificate
content
(b) To produce a desirable characteristics of pavements which Ans. a
are stable, durable, flexible, and skid
resistant 183. The proper way of rolling should begin at
(c) All of the above
(a) The sides and proceed longitudinal toward the roads center,
Ans. c each strip overlapping on-half the
roller width, gradually progressing the crown of the road
178. The percent asphalt content in the hot laid bituminous mixtures (b) The center and proceeding longitudinally toward the side of
ranges from the roads
(c) Any part of the road provided each strip overlapping on-half
(a) 5 to 8 percent (b) 4 to 6 percent the roller width
(c) 5 to 10 percent
Ans. a
Ans. a
184. What is the minimum degree of compaction of asphalt pavement?
 (a) not less than 95 % of the density of the laboratory 190. If no core had been taken at the end of each day’s operation,
compacted specimens and the project has already been completed, a core shall be
(b) not less than 100 % of the density of the laboratory taken
compacted specimens
(c) not less than 85 % of the density of the laboratory (a) for every 100 L.M / lane or fraction thereof
compacted specimens (b) for every 200 L.M. / lane or fraction thereof
(c) for every 100 L.M. on both lanes
Ans. a
Ans. a
185. What is the color of asphalt when it is overcooked?
191. Too much asphalt content in the bituminous mixes causes
(a) yellowish brown (b) black
(c) gray (a) bleeding (b) potholes
(c) cracks
Ans. a
Ans. a
186. How many gradation ranges for hot plant mix bituminous
pavements are there in the blue book? 192. The wearing away of the pavement surface caused by the
dislodging of aggregate particle
(a) Seven (b) Six
(c) Five (a) Raveling (b) Alligator (c)
Rutting
Ans. a
Ans. a

193. Interconnected cracks forming a series of small blocks

187. What is the plasticity index of material filler? resembling an alligator’s skin or chicken wire.

(a) not greater than 4 (b) not greater than 8 (a) Alligator cracking (b) Reflection cracking
(c) zero (c) Bleeding

Ans. a Ans. a

188. Determine the thickness and density of compacted asphalt 194. The minimum testing requirement for every project indicated in
pavement. a duly approved

(a) Core test (b) Field Density Test (a) Quality Control Program (b) Program of Work
(c) X-ray (c) Work Schedule

Ans. a Ans. a

189. The cored sample of asphalt pavement is measured at 195. It is prescribed in each project based on estimated quantities
and specifies the kind and number of test for each item of work.
(a) approximately quarter points (b) three points
(c) two points (a) Minimum number of work (b) Minimum testing Requirement
(c) Work Schedule
Ans. a
Ans. b
196. Embankment materials delivered at the jobsite was about 12,000
cu.m. the minimum test requirement calls for 1 - G,P,C for every
1,500 cu.m. What is the number of minimum test?
 (a) 10-G,P,C (b) 8-G,P,C (c) 6- 203. The maximum size of item 300-Aggregate Surface Course
G,P,C
(a) 1 inch (b) 1-1/2 inch
Ans. b (c) 2 inces

197. There is 1-Q of cement required for every Ans. a

(a) 4,000 bags or fraction thereof 204. In items 311 and 405, 1-grading is performed
(b) 2,000 bags or fraction thereof
(c) 10,000 bags or fraction thereof (a) for every 75 cu.m. or fraction thereof (b) for every 300
cu.m. (c) none
Ans. b
Ans. a
198. There is 1-Q of steel bars required for every 205. For pipe culverts and storm drains, the minimum tests is 1-pipe
for every 50 pcs. What is the alternative requirement?
(a) 20,000 kg.
(b) 10,000 kg. or fraction thereof (a) 1-set consisting of 3 concrete cylinder samples for not more
(c) 15,000 kg. or fraction there of than 25 pipes cast in the field and
1-Inspection report for each size for not more than 25
Ans. b pipes cast in the field.
(b) Inspection report is enough
199. How many set of beam samples taken for every 75 cu.m. of (c) Mill Certificate
concrete poured per day?
Ans. a
(a) one set (b) two sets
(c) three stes 206. The minimum test requirement of paint is

Ans. a (a) 1-sample for every 100 cans of fraction thereof

(b) 1-sample for every 50 cans or fraction thereof
200. In a completed pavement, what are the minimum core samples (c) Mill Certificate
required before payments is effected? (assuming that the
thickness is 23 cm.) Ans. a

(a) Five holes per km. per lane (b) One hole per 500 m. 207. The minimum test requirement for water used in concrete for a
(c) P.E. Certificate questionable source is

Ans. a (a) P.E. Certificate (b) 1-Quality Test

(c) Inspection Report
201. In a barangay road, what is the minimum requirement for
thickness determination of its completed pavement? Ans. b

(a) Five holes per km. per lane (b) P.E. Certificate 208. The minimum quantity of cement sample for testing
(c) One hole
(a) 10 kg. (b) 1 sack
202. The maximum size of item 200-Aggregate Sub-base Coarse (c) 5 kg.

(a) 1 inch (b) 2 inches Ans. a

(c) 3 inches
209. The minimum quantity of sample for asphalt mix for a complete
Ans. b test.
 216. The length of wire (stand wire strap) sample for testing.
(a) 20 kg. (b) 10 kg.
(c) 15 kg. (a) 2 meters (b) 2 feet
(c) 2 cm.
Ans. a
Ans. a
210. The minimum quantity of steel pipe (galvanized) samples for
testing. 217. The dimension of gabion sample for testing.

(a) 2 pcs. of 100 mm. long taken from both ends without thread (a) 1m. x 2m. (b) 1 ft. x 2 ft.
(b) 1 pc. of 100 m. long from one end with thread (c) 1m. x 1in.
(c) 2 pcs. of 50 pcs. long taken from both ends
Ans. a
Ans. a
218. The minimum quantity of CHB samples for complete test.
211. The minimum quantity of concrete cylinder samples for testing
(a) 6 units (b) 10 units
(a) one set of 3 cylinders (b) one set of 4 cylinder (c) 8 units
(c) one cylinder
Ans. a
Ans. a
219. The quantity of soil aggregate for classification test.
212. The minimum number of core in asphalt pavement
(a) 20 kg. (b) 10 kg.
(a) 1-core for every 100 m. (b) 1-core for every km. (c) 30 kg.
(c) none
Ans. a
Ans. a
220. The quantity of soil aggregate for Moisture Density Test.

(a) 50 kg. (b) 20 kg.

213. The type of sample to be tested for structural steel / sheet. (c) 30 kg.

(a) Reduced Section as prescribed (b) square Ans. a

(c) circular
221. The quantity of joint filler (pre-molded) sample for testing
Ans. a
(a) 1 - 400 mm. x 400 mm. (b) 1 - 400 cm. x 400 cm.
214. The minimum volume of water sample for analysis (c) 1 - 400 m. x 400 m.

(a) 500 ml. (b) 500 liters Ans. a

(c) 500 mm.
222. The size of steel bar sample for testing.
Ans. a
215. The minimum volume of curing compound for testing. (a) 1 meter (b) 2 meters
(c) 12 inches
(a) 1 liter (b) 1 drum
(c) 1 galoon Ans. a

Ans. a 223. The minimum test requirement for boulders.

 (a) Inspection Report (b) Abrasion Test (c)
Grading 230. The minimum flexural requirement of beamsample when tested by
midpoint method
Ans. a
(a) 4.5 Mpa (b) 4.5 Mpa (c) 5.0
224. The type of cement to be used in the DPWH infrastructure Mpa
projects as indicated in the Blue Book.
Ans. a
(a) Portland Cement Type I (b) Pozzalan Cement
(c) Portland Cement Type II 231. Additive used in mixing concrete

Ans. a (a) sodium chloride (b) admixtures

(c) curing agent
225. If the aggregates is subjected to five cycles of sodium sulfate
soundness test, the weighted loss shall not exceed. Ans. b

(a) 10 mass percent (b) 5 mass percent 232. Determine the consistency of concrete
(c) 3 mass percent
(a) slump test (b) consolidation test
Ans. a (c) viscosity

226. If the coarse aggregates is subjected to five cycles of sodium Ans. a

sulfate soundness test, the weighted loss shall not exceed.
233. Equipment used in the consolidation of fresh concrete
(a) 12 mass percent (b) 15 mass percent
(c) 10 mass percent (a) jack hammer (b) vibrator (c)
drilling machine
Ans. a
Ans. b
227. Mass percent of wear of coarse aggregates for item 311 when
tested by AASHTO T96 is not greater than 234. The prescribed forms to be used in concrete paving

(a) 40 % (b) 45 % (c) 50 % (a) steel (b) wooden (c)

combination of steel & wood
Ans. a
Ans. a
228. The design of concrete mix specified by the blue book is based
on 235. The initial setting time of Portland cement is not less than

(a) Absolute Volume Method (b) Area Method (c) (a) 30 minutes (b) 45 minutes
American Method (c) 90 minutes

Ans. a Ans. b

229. The minimum flexural strength requirement of beam sample when 236. The final setting time of Portland cement
tested by third-point method
(a) 10 hours (b) 24 hours
(a) 3.5 Mpa (b) 3.8 Mpa (c) 36 hours
(c) 4.0 Mpa
Ans. a
Ans. b
 (a) 6 in. x 6 in. x 21 in. (b) 6 in. x 6 in. x 24 in.
237. The standard sand used in testing the mortar strength of (c) 4 in. x 4 in. x 18 in.
Portland cement.
Ans. a
(a) Ottawa Sand (b) Beach Sand
(c) River Sand 244. the critical number of days of curing concrete.

Ans. a (a) first seven days (b) first 10 days

(c) 28 days
238. The apparatus used in determining the fineness of Portland
cement by air permeability. Ans. a

(a) Blame Air Permeability Apparatus (b) Sieve No. 200 (c) 245. The standard dimension of a concrete cylindrical sample.
Gillmore
(a) 6” diameter and a height of 12”
Ans. a (b) 6” diameter and a height of 6”
(c) 6” diameter and a height of 8”
239. A mixture of cement and water is called
Ans. a
(a) cement paste (b) mortar paste
(c) concrete paste 246. There are two layers in performing sampling of beam samples.
how many number of blows are required per layer?
Ans. a
(a) 63 blows (b) 75 blows (c) 50
blows
240. The apparatus used to determine the initial and final setting
of cement in the laboratory. Ans. a

(a) Gillmore needles (b) Bailey needle (c) 247. There are three layers in performing sampling of concrete
Vicat Apparatus cylinder samples.

Ans. a (a) 25 blows (b) 30 blows (c) 35

blows
241. The compressive strength of cement mortar samples in seven days
is not less than. Ans. a

(a) 19.3 MN/sq.m. (b) 20 MN/sq.m. 248. The formula which determines the proportion of the mix which
(c) 24 MN/sq.m. can meet the desired strength requirement of concrete.

Ans. a (a) design of concrete mix (b) Boyle’s Formula

(c) Bernoulli’s Formula]
242. What is the appearance of the molded cement paste which fails
to meet the autoclave expansion Ans. a

(a) crumble (b) shiny 249. It is equally as important as testing and the sampler shall use
(c) change color every precaution to obtain samples that will show the nature and
condition of the materials which they represent.
Ans. a
(a) Inspection (b) sampling (c)
243. The dimension of beam sample for paving concrete validation
 Ans. b

250. A soil sample received from the field for subsequent tests by
reducing aggregations of particles into sizes which will pass
certain sieves.

(a) Reject samples (b) disturbed samples

(c) undisturbed sample

Ans. b

251. A procedure to recover relatively undisturbed soil samples

suitable for laboratory.

(a) thin-walled tube sampling (b) quartering

(c) splitting

Ans. a

252. Samples obtained from the field with minimum disturbance by

using any drilling equipment that provides clean hole before
insertion of thin walled tubes that is, both the natural density
and moisture content are preserved as much as practicable.

(a) Undisturbed sample (b) disturbed sample

(c) spoil sample

Ans. a

253. A device used in reducing field samples of aggregates to

testing size.

(a) sieve shaker (b) mechanical splitter

(c) grooving tool

Ans. b

254. The number of hours of soaked CBR sample on curing tank.

(a) 24 hours (b) 72 hours

(c) 120 hours

Ans. c

255. The representative who will witness the testing of materials in

an accredited laboratory.

(a) Contractor (b) Government

(c) none

Ans. b