C) 232.In a Bernoulli trial representing a fair coin flip, what is the value of p?

D) A) 0
Ans: B) 0.25
C) C) 0.5
D) 1
309.What is the statistic used to define the Chi-Square distribution? Ans:
C) 0.5
A) z^2
B) s^2 233.What does the Binomial distribution summarize?
C) x^2
D) y^2 A) The number of successes in a single Bernoulli trial
B) The number of successes in a given number of Bernoulli trials
310.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the Chi-Square C) The probability of success in a single Bernoulli trial
distribution? D) The probability of success in a given number of Bernoulli trials
Ans:
A) B) The number of successes in a given number of Bernoulli trials
B)
C) 234.When is the Binomial distribution used?
D)
A) When there are multiple mutually exclusive outcomes
311.What does "degrees of freedom" refer to in the context of the Chi-Square B) When there are exactly two mutually exclusive outcomes
distribution? C) When there are infinite possible outcomes
D) When there are continuous outcomes
A) The number of independent observations in a sample Ans:
B) The number of population parameters estimated from sample data B) When there are exactly two mutually exclusive outcomes
C) The number of degrees in a circle
D) The number of standard deviations from the mean 235.What does the symbol "p" represent in the Binomial distribution
formula?
312.What is the mean of the Chi-Square distribution?
A) Number of successes
A) Equal to the number of degrees of freedom B) Probability of success in a single trial
B) Twice the number of degrees of freedom C) Total number of trials
C) Half the number of degrees of freedom D) Probability of failure in a single trial
D) Not defined Ans:
Ans: B) Probability of success in a single trial

313.When do you expect the maximum value of the Chi-Square distribution 236.What is the formula for the Binomial probability distribution (PMF)?
to occur?
A) P(x;p,n) = nxp(1-p)n-x
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B) P(x;p,n) = nx(1-p)n-x
C) P(x;p,n) = n!/x!(n-x)! px(1-p)n-x 305.Which of the following statements about all forms of the normal
D) P(x;p,n) = n!/x!(n-x)! px distribution is true?
Ans:
C) P(x;p,n) = n!/x!(n-x)! px(1-p)n-x A) They can model skewed distributions
B) They are not symmetric
237.What is the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of a Binomial C) The mean, median, and mode are not equal
distribution used for? D) Half of the population is less than the median
Ans:
A) Calculating the mean value A) They can model skewed distributions
B) Calculating the variance
C) Finding the probability of observing at most x successes 306.What is the relationship between the degrees of freedom and the
D) Finding the probability of observing exactly x successes number of standard normal deviates in a Chi-Square distribution?
Ans:
C) Finding the probability of observing at most x successes A) They are always equal
B) They are inversely proportional
238.What is the mean of a Binomial distribution? C) There is no relationship
D) It depends on the variance
A) np Ans:
B) n-p A) They are always equal
C) n/p
D) p/n 307.What is the Chi-Square distribution with one degree of freedom (written
Ans: as 2 )?
A) np
A) The distribution of a single standard normal deviate
239.What is the relationship between the Binomial and Bernoulli B) The distribution of a single normal deviate squared
distributions? C) The distribution of the sum of squared standard normal deviates
D) The distribution of a single standard normal deviate squared
A) The Binomial distribution is a special case of the Bernoulli distribution Ans:
B) The Bernoulli distribution is a special case of the Binomial distribution C) The distribution of the sum of squared standard normal deviates
C) They are entirely separate distributions with no relationship
D) The Binomial distribution is used when there are multiple outcomes, 308.If a random sample of size
while the Bernoulli distribution is used for binary outcomes
Ans: n is selected from a normal population with a standard deviation of
B) The Bernoulli distribution is a special case of the Binomial distribution , what is the variance of the sample denoted as 2 ?

240.What does the Bernoulli distribution represent? A)

A) The number of successes in a fixed number of trials B)

B) The probability of success in a single trial
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C) It standardizes the distribution to have zero mean and unit standard C) The cumulative probability of success in multiple trials
deviation D) The mean of a series of trials
Ans:
301.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the standard normal B) The probability of success in a single trial
distribution?
241.In the context of a fair coin toss, what would be the values of p and q in
A) the Binomial distribution?
B)
C) A) p = 1/2 and q = 1/2
D) B) p = 1 and q = 0
Ans: C) p = 0 and q = 1
A) D) p = 0.5 and q = 0.5
Ans:
302.What is the mean of the standard normal distribution? D) p = 0.5 and q = 0.5

A) 0 242.What does the term "n" represent in the Binomial distribution formula?
B) 1
C) -1 A) Number of successes
D) Undefined B) Probability of success in a single trial
Ans: C) Total number of trials
A) 0 D) Probability of failure in a single trial
Ans:
303.What is the standard deviation of the standard normal distribution? C) Total number of trials

A) 0 243.Which of the following scenarios is best represented by a Binomial

B) 1 distribution?
C) -1
D) Undefined A) Rolling a six-sided die
Ans: B) Flipping a fair coin
B) 1 C) Purchasing a lottery ticket with multiple possible outcomes
D) Measuring the temperature on different days of the week
304.Which of the following transformations standardizes any normal Ans:
distribution to the standard normal distribution? C) Purchasing a lottery ticket with multiple possible outcomes

A)
B)
C) 244.What is a Poisson Process?
D)
Ans: A) A continuous distribution
A) B) A model for discrete events with random timing
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C) A model for continuous events with fixed timing Ans:
D) A distribution for continuous events with random timing B) Approximately 68%
Ans:
B) A model for discrete events with random timing 297.How is the area under the normal distribution curve divided in terms of
probabilities?
245.What is the average time between events in a Poisson Process known
as? A) 25% on each side of the mean
B) 50% on each side of the mean
A) Lambda (λ) C) 75% on one side and 25% on the other side of the mean
B) Alpha (α) D) Varies depending on the standard deviation
C) Beta (β) Ans:
D) Gamma (γ) B) 50% on each side of the mean
Ans:
A) Lambda (λ) 298.What is the key characteristic of a bell curve or normal distribution?

246.Which of the following is an assumption of the Poisson Process? A) Skewedness

B) Symmetry
A) The events occur continuously C) Bimodality
B) The events occur at fixed intervals D) Exponential growth
C) The probability of multiple occurrences in a small interval is significant Ans:
D) The probability of more than one occurrence in a small interval is B) Symmetry
negligible
Ans: 299.What is the standard normal deviate?
D) The probability of more than one occurrence in a small interval is
negligible A) A normal distribution with zero mean and zero standard deviation
B) A normal distribution with zero mean and unit standard deviation
247.What type of events does a Poisson Process model? C) A normal distribution with zero mean and variable standard deviation
D) A normal distribution with variable mean and zero standard deviation
A) Common occurrences Ans:
B) Regular occurrences B) A normal distribution with zero mean and unit standard deviation
C) Rare events
D) Predictable events 300.What effect does setting z = (x - μ) / σ have on the normal distribution?
Ans:
C) Rare events A) It shifts the distribution to the right
B) It shifts the distribution to the left
248.What is the parameter for the Poisson distribution? C) It standardizes the distribution to have zero mean and unit standard
deviation
A) Mu (μ) D) It increases the variance of the distribution
B) Sigma (σ) Ans:
C) Lambda (λ)
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C) t distribution D) Theta (θ)
D) F distribution Ans:
Ans: C) Lambda (λ)
C) t distribution
249.In the Poisson distribution, what values does the probability function
293.What does the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a normal cover?
distribution describe?
A) All real numbers
A) The probability density function B) Integers from 0 to infinity
B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value C) Integers from 1 to infinity
C) The average value of the distribution D) Positive real numbers
D) The variance of the distribution Ans:
Ans: B) Integers from 0 to infinity
B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
250.What is an important property of events in a Poisson Process?
294.What is the shape of the normal distribution?
A) Events are dependent on each other
A) Uniform B) Events occur regularly
B) Skewed C) Events are independent of each other
C) Symmetrical (bell-shaped) D) Events occur continuously
D) Exponential Ans:
Ans: C) Events are independent of each other
C) Symmetrical (bell-shaped)
251.What is a key property of events in a Poisson Process regarding their
295.In a normal distribution, where does the bulk of the data typically fall? occurrence?

A) At the minimum value A) Events occur simultaneously

B) At the maximum value B) Events are dependent on each other
C) Around the mean C) The occurrence of one event affects the probability of another event
D) Around the median occurring
Ans: D) The occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of another
C) Around the mean event occurring
Ans:
296.What percentage of the data falls within one standard deviation from the D) The occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of another
mean in a normal distribution? event occurring

A) Approximately 34% 252.What is the average rate in a Poisson Process?

B) Approximately 68%
C) Approximately 95% A) Constant
D) Approximately 99.7% B) Variable
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C) Increasing
D) Decreasing 289.What type of distribution is the Chi-Square distribution?
Ans:
A) Constant A) Symmetric distribution
B) Skewed distribution
253.Can two events occur simultaneously in a Poisson Process? C) Uniform distribution
D) Exponential distribution
A) Yes, frequently Ans:
B) Yes, occasionally A) Symmetric distribution
C) No, events cannot occur simultaneously
D) No, events always occur simultaneously 290.The probabilities of movies being a hit are often modeled by which type
Ans: of distribution?
C) No, events cannot occur simultaneously
A) Normal distribution
254.How can each sub-interval of a Poisson Process be thought of? B) Power-law distribution
C) Pareto distribution
A) As a normal distribution D) Exponential distribution
B) As a Bernoulli trial Ans:
C) As a uniform distribution B) Power-law distribution
D) As an exponential distribution
Ans: 291.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the normal distribution?
B) As a Bernoulli trial
A)
255.Which of the following is an example of a Poisson Process?
B)
A) Determining the height of students in a classroom
B) Counting the number of cars passing through a toll booth C)
C) Measuring the weight of fruits in a grocery store
D) Recording the temperature changes throughout a day D)
Ans:
B) Counting the number of cars passing through a toll booth Ans:
C)

256.What is the primary purpose of using the Poisson Process model?

292.Which distribution is commonly used in hypothesis testing and
A) To describe regularly occurring events confidence interval calculations when the population standard deviation is
B) To model events with fixed timing unknown?
C) To model randomly occurring events
D) To describe events that always occur simultaneously A) Normal distribution
Ans:C) To model randomly occurring events B) Chi-Square distribution
66 75
C) The probability that a random variable takes a value within the interval 257.What does the Poisson distribution model?

285.What property must the probability density function (pdf) satisfy for all A) Continuous events
values of x in the state space? B) Regularly occurring events
C) Randomly occurring events
A) fx(X) > 1 D) Events with fixed timing
B) fx(X) = 0 Ans:
C) fx(X) < 0 C) Randomly occurring events
D) fx(X) ≥ 0
Ans: 258.What does the Poisson distribution represent in terms of a discrete
D) fx(X) ≥ 0 random variable?

286.What is the total area under the probability density function (pdf) curve A) The average rate of events occurring
for a continuous probability distribution? B) The total number of events observed
C) The probability of observing a specific number of events
A) 0 D) The variance of events occurring
B) 1 Ans:
C) Infinity C) The probability of observing a specific number of events
D) Cannot be determined
Ans: 259.What is the probability mass function (PMF) of the Poisson distribution?
B) 1
A) P(X = k) = e^k
287.Which of the following is an example of a well-known continuous B) P(X = k) = k!
probability distribution? C) P(X = k) = e^(-k)
D) P(X = k) = 1 - e^k
A) Exponential distribution Ans:
B) Poisson distribution A) P(X = k) = e^k
C) Bernoulli distribution
D) Normal distribution 260.When does the Poisson distribution become a limiting form of the
Ans: binomial distribution?
D) Normal distribution
A) When n is very large and p is constant
288.Which distribution is commonly used to model the heights of humans? B) When n is small and p is variable
C) When n is large and p is constant
A) Normal distribution D) When n is infinite and p is constant
B) Chi-Square distribution Ans:
C) t distribution A) When n is very large and p is constant
D) F distribution
Ans: 261.What does the mean of a Poisson distribution represent?
A) Normal distribution
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A) The expected value of events occurring
B) The variance of events occurring 281.What is the function used to describe a continuous probability
C) The standard deviation of events occurring distribution called?
D) The probability of success in each event
Ans: A) Probability mass function (PMF)
A) The expected value of events occurring B) Cumulative distribution function (CDF)
C) Probability density function (pdf)
262.What is typically denoted by λ in the Poisson distribution? D) Probability interval function (PIF)
Ans:
A) The mean rate of events occurring C) Probability density function (pdf)
B) The probability of occurrence in each trial
C) The variance of events occurring 282.What is the unit of a probability density function (pdf)?
D) The standard deviation of events occurring
Ans: A) Probability per unit area
A) The mean rate of events occurring B) Probability per unit length
C) Probability per unit volume
D) Probability per unit time
263.What does the Poisson distribution help determine regarding a specific Ans:
event? B) Probability per unit length

A) The exact number of occurrences 283.What does the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a continuous
B) The probability of success probability distribution describe?
C) The variation from the average number of occurrences
D) The average rate of occurrence A) The probability density function
Ans: B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
C) The variation from the average number of occurrences C) The average value of the distribution
D) The variance of the distribution
264.In the context of the Poisson distribution, what does "λ" represent? Ans:
B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
A) The probability of success in each trial
B) The average rate of occurrences 284.In a continuous probability distribution, what does the integral of the
C) The variance of occurrences probability density function (pdf) over an interval [a, b] represent?
D) The standard deviation of occurrences
Ans: A) The probability that a random variable takes a value outside the interval
B) The average rate of occurrences B) The probability that a random variable takes a value exactly at the
endpoints of the interval
265.What can the Poisson distribution predict in terms of the number of C) The probability that a random variable takes a value within the interval
occurrences of an event? D) The probability that a random variable takes a value greater than a
specific numerical value
A) The exact number of occurrences Ans:
68 73
 B) The maximum number of occurrences
277.If X1 follows a Poisson distribution with parameter 3 and X2 follows a C) The minimum number of occurrences
Poisson distribution with parameter 4, what will be the parameter of X = X1 + D) The probable range of occurrences around the average
X2? Ans:
D) The probable range of occurrences around the average
A) 3
B) 4 266.How is the probability of occurrences calculated in the Poisson
C) 7 distribution?
D) 3 + 4
Ans: A) P(X = k) = λ^k / k!
D) 3 + 4 B) P(X = k) = λ^k / (k+1)!
C) P(X = k) = λ^(k-1) / k!
278.What is the probability mass function (PMF) of a discrete uniform D) P(X = k) = λ^(k+1) / k!
distribution for all values of x between 0 and k? Ans:
A) P(X = k) = λ^k / k!
A) P(X = x) = 1/(k + 1)
B) P(X = x) = 1/k 267.What does the probability approach as the value of "k" increases in the
C) P(X = x) = k Poisson distribution?
D) P(X = x) = 1
Ans: A) The probability remains constant
A) P(X = x) = 1/(k + 1) B) The probability approaches 1
C) The probability approaches 0
279.In a discrete uniform distribution, what is the probability of getting a D) The probability becomes undefined
specific value x between 0 and k? Ans:
C) The probability approaches 0
A) 1/k
B) 1/(k + 1) 268.What is one application of the Poisson distribution mentioned in the
C) k example?
D) 1
Ans: A) Predicting the weather
A) 1/k B) Scoring goals in a football match
C) Measuring the height of students
280.What does a discrete uniform distribution model? D) Analyzing stock market trends
Ans:
A) Events with an unlimited number of outcomes B) Scoring goals in a football match
B) Events with only two possible outcomes
C) Events with a fixed probability of success 269.What is a key difference between the Binomial and Poisson
D) Events with a fixed number of outcomes, each equally likely distributions?
Ans:
D) Events with a fixed number of outcomes, each equally likely
72 69
A) The Binomial distribution has a fixed number of trials, while the Poisson
distribution has an infinite number of trials
B) The Binomial distribution has an unlimited number of outcomes, while the
Poisson distribution has only two outcomes
C) The Binomial distribution is used for continuous events, while the Poisson
distribution is used for discrete events
D) The Binomial distribution is used for predicting success rates, while the
Poisson distribution is used for predicting occurrence rates
Ans:
A) The Binomial distribution has a fixed number of trials, while the Poisson
distribution has an infinite number of trials
273.How is the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the Poisson
distribution expressed?
A) F(x;λ) = P(X ≤ x) = Σ(i=0 to x) e^(-λ) (λ^i / i!)
B) F(x;p,n) = P(X ≤ x) = Σ(i=0 to x) (nCi) p^i (1-p)^(n-i)
C) F(x;λ) = P(X = x) = e^(-λ) (λ^x / x!)
D) F(x;p,n) = P(X = x) = (nCx) p^x (1-p)^(n-x)
Ans:
A) F(x;λ) = P(X ≤ x) = Σ(i=0 to x) e^(-λ) (λ^i / i!)
274.What is a common application of the Binomial distribution?

270.In which distribution is the probability of success constant throughout A) Predicting the number of occurrences per unit of time
each trial? B) Modeling radioactive decay
C) Analyzing stock market trends
A) Binomial distribution D) Conducting hypothesis tests for independence
B) Poisson distribution Ans:
C) Both distributions D) Conducting hypothesis tests for independence
D) Neither distribution
Ans:
A) Binomial distribution 275.If two random variables X1 and X2 follow Poisson distributions with
parameters 1 and 2 respectively, what will be the parameter of the random
271.What does the Binomial distribution predict? variable X = X1 + X2?

A) The number of occurrences per unit of time A) 1

B) The number of occurrences within a given number of trials B) 2
C) The number of occurrences with an unlimited number of trials C) 3
D) The probability of occurrence per unit of time D) 1 + 2
Ans: Ans:
B) The number of occurrences within a given number of trials D) 1 + 2

272.What type of events does the Poisson distribution model? 276.What property of Poisson variates allows the addition of their
parameters when they are added together?
A) Regularly occurring events
B) Continuous events A) Subtractive property
C) Discrete events B) Multiplicative property
D) Rare events C) Additive property
Ans: D) Divisive property
D) Rare events Ans:
C) Additive property
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