A) Events occur simultaneously

142.When do you expect the maximum value of the Chi-Square distribution B) Events are dependent on each other
to occur? C) The occurrence of one event affects the probability of another event
occurring
A) When the degrees of freedom are less than 2 D) The occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of another
B) When the degrees of freedom are exactly 2 event occurring
C) When the degrees of freedom are greater than or equal to 2 Ans:
D) It depends on the value of e D) The occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of another
Ans: event occurring
C) When the degrees of freedom are greater than or equal to 2
72.What is the average rate in a Poisson Process?
143.How does the Chi-Square distribution behave as the degrees of freedom
increase? A) Constant
B) Variable
A) It becomes more skewed C) Increasing
B) It becomes more uniform D) Decreasing
C) It approaches a normal distribution Ans:
D) It approaches an exponential distribution A) Constant
Ans:
C) It approaches a normal distribution 73.Can two events occur simultaneously in a Poisson Process?

144.What is the t distribution used for? A) Yes, frequently

B) Yes, occasionally
A) Estimating population parameters with large sample sizes C) No, events cannot occur simultaneously
B) Estimating population parameters with small sample sizes and unknown D) No, events always occur simultaneously
population variance Ans:
C) Estimating population parameters with known population variance C) No, events cannot occur simultaneously
D) Estimating population parameters with large sample sizes and known
population variance 74.How can each sub-interval of a Poisson Process be thought of?
Ans:
B) Estimating population parameters with small sample sizes and unknown A) As a normal distribution
population variance B) As a Bernoulli trial
C) As a uniform distribution
145.When is the t distribution preferred over the normal distribution for D) As an exponential distribution
estimating population parameters? Ans:
B) As a Bernoulli trial
A) When the sample size is large
B) When the population variance is known 75.Which of the following is an example of a Poisson Process?
C) When the sample size is small and/or the population variance is unknown
D) When the sample size is small and the population variance is known A) Determining the height of students in a classroom
40 21
B) Counting the number of cars passing through a toll booth Ans:
C) Measuring the weight of fruits in a grocery store c)
D) Recording the temperature changes throughout a day
Ans: 138.What is the statistic used to define the Chi-Square distribution?
B) Counting the number of cars passing through a toll booth
A) z^2
76.What is the primary purpose of using the Poisson Process model? B) s^2
C) x^2
A) To describe regularly occurring events D) y^2
B) To model events with fixed timing Ans:
C) To model randomly occurring events B) s^2
D) To describe events that always occur simultaneously
Ans:
C) To model randomly occurring events 139.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the Chi-Square
distribution?

77.What does the Poisson distribution model? A)

B)
A) Continuous events C)
B) Regularly occurring events D)
C) Randomly occurring events Ans:
D) Events with fixed timing B)
Ans:
C) Randomly occurring events 140.What does "degrees of freedom" refer to in the context of the Chi-Square
distribution?
78.What does the Poisson distribution represent in terms of a discrete
random variable? A) The number of independent observations in a sample
B) The number of population parameters estimated from sample data
A) The average rate of events occurring C) The number of degrees in a circle
B) The total number of events observed D) The number of standard deviations from the mean
C) The probability of observing a specific number of events Ans:A) The number of independent observations in a sample
D) The variance of events occurring
Ans: 141.What is the mean of the Chi-Square distribution?
C) The probability of observing a specific number of events
A) Equal to the number of degrees of freedom
79.What is the probability mass function (PMF) of the Poisson distribution? B) Twice the number of degrees of freedom
C) Half the number of degrees of freedom
A) P(X = k) = e^k D) Not defined
B) P(X = k) = k! Ans:
C) P(X = k) = e^(-k) A) Equal to the number of degrees of freedom
22 39
 D) P(X = k) = 1 - e^k
A) They can model skewed distributions Ans:
B) They are not symmetric A) P(X = k) = e^k
C) The mean, median, and mode are not equal
D) Half of the population is less than the median 80.When does the Poisson distribution become a limiting form of the
Ans: binomial distribution?
A) They can model skewed distributions
A) When n is very large and p is constant
B) When n is small and p is variable
135.What is the relationship between the degrees of freedom and the C) When n is large and p is constant
number of standard normal deviates in a Chi-Square distribution? D) When n is infinite and p is constant
Ans:
A) They are always equal A) When n is very large and p is constant
B) They are inversely proportional
C) There is no relationship 81.What does the mean of a Poisson distribution represent?
D) It depends on the variance
Ans: A) The expected value of events occurring
A) They are always equal B) The variance of events occurring
C) The standard deviation of events occurring
136.What is the Chi-Square distribution with one degree of freedom (written D) The probability of success in each event
as 2 )? Ans:
A) The expected value of events occurring
A) The distribution of a single standard normal deviate
B) The distribution of a single normal deviate squared 82.What is typically denoted by λ in the Poisson distribution?
C) The distribution of the sum of squared standard normal deviates
D) The distribution of a single standard normal deviate squared A) The mean rate of events occurring
Ans: B) The probability of occurrence in each trial
C) The distribution of the sum of squared standard normal deviates C) The variance of events occurring
D) The standard deviation of events occurring
137.If a random sample of size is selected from a normal population with a Ans:
standard deviation of , what is the variance of the sample denoted as A) The mean rate of events occurring
2?

A) 83.What does the Poisson distribution help determine regarding a specific

event?
B)
A) The exact number of occurrences
C) B) The probability of success
C) The variation from the average number of occurrences
D) D) The average rate of occurrence
38 23
Ans: A)
C) The variation from the average number of occurrences

84.In the context of the Poisson distribution, what does "λ" represent?

A) The probability of success in each trial

B) The average rate of occurrences
C) The variance of occurrences
D) The standard deviation of occurrences
Ans:
B) The average rate of occurrences

85.What can the Poisson distribution predict in terms of the number of

occurrences of an event?

A) The exact number of occurrences What is the mean of the standard normal distribution?
B) The maximum number of occurrences
C) The minimum number of occurrences A) 0
D) The probable range of occurrences around the average B) 1
Ans: C) -1
D) The probable range of occurrences around the average D) Undefined
Ans:
A) 0
86.How is the probability of occurrences calculated in the Poisson
distribution? 132.What is the standard deviation of the standard normal distribution?

A) P(X = k) = λ^k / k! A) 0
B) P(X = k) = λ^k / (k+1)! B) 1
C) P(X = k) = λ^(k-1) / k! C) -1
D) P(X = k) = λ^(k+1) / k! D) Undefined
Ans: Ans:
A) P(X = k) = λ^k / k! B) 1

87.What does the probability approach as the value of "k" increases in the 133.Which of the following transformations standardizes any normal
Poisson distribution? distribution to the standard normal distribution?
Ans:
A) The probability remains constant A)
B) The probability approaches 1
C) The probability approaches 0 134.Which of the following statements about all forms of the normal
D) The probability becomes undefined distribution is true?
24 37
C) 75% on one side and 25% on the other side of the mean Ans:
D) Varies depending on the standard deviation C) The probability approaches 0
Ans:
B) 50% on each side of the mean 88.What is one application of the Poisson distribution mentioned in the
example?
128.What is the key characteristic of a bell curve or normal distribution?
A) Predicting the weather
A) Skewedness B) Scoring goals in a football match
B) Symmetry C) Measuring the height of students
C) Bimodality D) Analyzing stock market trends
D) Exponential growth Ans:
Ans: B) Scoring goals in a football match
B) Symmetry
89.What is a key difference between the Binomial and Poisson distributions?
129.What is the standard normal deviate?
A) The Binomial distribution has a fixed number of trials, while the Poisson
A) A normal distribution with zero mean and zero standard deviation distribution has an infinite number of trials
B) A normal distribution with zero mean and unit standard deviation B) The Binomial distribution has an unlimited number of outcomes, while the
C) A normal distribution with zero mean and variable standard deviation Poisson distribution has only two outcomes
D) A normal distribution with variable mean and zero standard deviation C) The Binomial distribution is used for continuous events, while the Poisson
Ans: distribution is used for discrete events
B) A normal distribution with zero mean and unit standard deviation D) The Binomial distribution is used for predicting success rates, while the
Poisson distribution is used for predicting occurrence rates
130.What effect does setting z = (x - μ) / σ have on the normal distribution?
Ans:
A) It shifts the distribution to the right A) The Binomial distribution has a fixed number of trials, while the Poisson
B) It shifts the distribution to the left distribution has an infinite number of trials
C) It standardizes the distribution to have zero mean and unit standard
deviation 90.In which distribution is the probability of success constant throughout
D) It increases the variance of the distribution each trial?
Ans:
C) It standardizes the distribution to have zero mean and unit standard A) Binomial distribution
deviation B) Poisson distribution
C) Both distributions
131.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the standard normal D) Neither distribution
distribution? Ans:
Ans: A) Binomial distribution

91.What does the Binomial distribution predict?

36 25
 A) The probability density function
A) The number of occurrences per unit of time B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
B) The number of occurrences within a given number of trials C) The average value of the distribution
C) The number of occurrences with an unlimited number of trials D) The variance of the distribution
D) The probability of occurrence per unit of time Ans:
Ans: B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
B) The number of occurrences within a given number of trials
124.What is the shape of the normal distribution?
92.What type of events does the Poisson distribution model?
A) Uniform
A) Regularly occurring events B) Skewed
B) Continuous events C) Symmetrical (bell-shaped)
C) Discrete events D) Exponential
D) Rare events Ans:
Ans: C) Symmetrical (bell-shaped)
D) Rare events
125.In a normal distribution, where does the bulk of the data typically fall?
93.How is the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the Poisson
distribution expressed? A) At the minimum value
B) At the maximum value
A) F(x;λ) = P(X ≤ x) = Σ(i=0 to x) e^(-λ) (λ^i / i!) C) Around the mean
B) F(x;p,n) = P(X ≤ x) = Σ(i=0 to x) (nCi) p^i (1-p)^(n-i) D) Around the median
C) F(x;λ) = P(X = x) = e^(-λ) (λ^x / x!) Ans:
D) F(x;p,n) = P(X = x) = (nCx) p^x (1-p)^(n-x) C) Around the mean
Ans:
A) F(x;λ) = P(X ≤ x) = Σ(i=0 to x) e^(-λ) (λ^i / i!) 126.What percentage of the data falls within one standard deviation from the
mean in a normal distribution?
94.What is a common application of the Binomial distribution?
A) Approximately 34%
A) Predicting the number of occurrences per unit of time B) Approximately 68%
B) Modeling radioactive decay C) Approximately 95%
C) Analyzing stock market trends D) Approximately 99.7%
D) Conducting hypothesis tests for independence Ans:
Ans: B) Approximately 68%
D) Conducting hypothesis tests for independence
127.How is the area under the normal distribution curve divided in terms of
probabilities?
94.If two random variables X1 and X2 follow Poisson distributions with
parameters 1 and 2 respectively, what will be the parameter of the random A) 25% on each side of the mean
variable X = X1 + X2? B) 50% on each side of the mean
26 35
A) At the minimum value A) 1
B) At the maximum value B) 2
C) Around the mean C) 3
D) Around the median D) 1 + 2
Ans: Ans: D) 1 + 2
C) Around the mean
95.What property of Poisson variates allows the addition of their parameters
120.What percentage of the data falls within one standard deviation from the when they are added together?
mean in a normal distribution?
A) Subtractive property
A) Approximately 34% B) Multiplicative property
B) Approximately 68% C) Additive property
C) Approximately 95% D) Divisive property
D) Approximately 99.7% Ans:
Ans: C) Additive property
B) Approximately 68%
96.If X1 follows a Poisson distribution with parameter 3 and X2 follows a
121.How is the area under the normal distribution curve divided in terms of Poisson distribution with parameter 4, what will be the parameter of X = X1 +
probabilities? X2?

A) 25% on each side of the mean A) 3

B) 50% on each side of the mean B) 4
C) 75% on one side and 25% on the other side of the mean C) 7
D) Varies depending on the standard deviation D) 3 + 4
Ans: Ans:
B) 50% on each side of the mean D) 3 + 4

122.What is the key characteristic of a bell curve or normal distribution? 97.What is the probability mass function (PMF) of a discrete uniform
distribution for all values of x between 0 and k?
A) Skewedness
B) Symmetry A) P(X = x) = 1/(k + 1)
C) Bimodality B) P(X = x) = 1/k
D) Exponential growth C) P(X = x) = k
Ans: D) P(X = x) = 1
B) Symmetry Ans:
A) P(X = x) = 1/(k + 1)
123.What does the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a normal
distribution describe? 98.In a discrete uniform distribution, what is the probability of getting a
specific value x between 0 and k?
34 27
 116.Which distribution is commonly used in hypothesis testing and
A) 1/k confidence interval calculations when the population standard deviation is
B) 1/(k + 1) unknown?
C) k
D) 1 A) Normal distribution
Ans: B) Chi-Square distribution
A) 1/k C) t distribution
D) F distribution
99.What does a discrete uniform distribution model? Ans:
C) t distribution
A) Events with an unlimited number of outcomes
B) Events with only two possible outcomes Answers:
C) Events with a fixed probability of success
D) Events with a fixed number of outcomes, each equally likely D) Normal distribution
Ans: A) Normal distribution
A) Symmetric distribution
D) Events with a fixed number of outcomes, each equally likely B) Power-law distribution
C)
100.What is the function used to describe a continuous probability C) t distribution
distribution called?

A) Probability mass function (PMF)
B) Cumulative distribution function (CDF)
C) Probability density function (pdf)
D) Probability interval function (PIF)
Ans:
C) Probability density function (pdf)
101.What is the unit of a probability density function (pdf)?
117.What does the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a normal
distribution describe?
A) The probability density function
B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
C) The average value of the distribution
D) The variance of the distribution
Ans:
: B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value

A) Probability per unit area 118.What is the shape of the normal distribution?
B) Probability per unit length
C) Probability per unit volume A) Uniform
D) Probability per unit time B) Skewed
Ans: C) Symmetrical (bell-shaped)
B) Probability per unit length D) Exponential
AnsC) Symmetrical (bell-shaped)

119.In a normal distribution, where does the bulk of the data typically fall?
28 33
Ans: 102.What does the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a continuous
A) Normal distribution probability distribution describe?

113.What type of distribution is the Chi-Square distribution? A) The probability density function
B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
A) Symmetric distribution C) The average value of the distribution
B) Skewed distribution D) The variance of the distribution
C) Uniform distribution Ans:
D) Exponential distribution B) The probability of a value less than or equal to a specific numerical value
Ans:
103.In a continuous probability distribution, what does the integral of the
A) Symmetric distribution probability density function (pdf) over an interval [a, b] represent?

A) The probability that a random variable takes a value outside the interval
114.The probabilities of movies being a hit are often modeled by which type B) The probability that a random variable takes a value exactly at the
of distribution? endpoints of the interval
C) The probability that a random variable takes a value within the interval
A) Normal distribution D) The probability that a random variable takes a value greater than a
B) Power-law distribution specific numerical value
C) Pareto distribution Ans:
D) Exponential distribution C) The probability that a random variable takes a value within the interval
Ans:
B) Power-law distribution 104.What property must the probability density function (pdf) satisfy for all
values of x in the state space?
115.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the normal distribution?
A) fx(X) > 1
Ans: B) fx(X) = 0
C) fx(X) < 0
D) fx(X) ≥ 0

Ans:
D) fx(X) ≥ 0

105.What is the total area under the probability density function (pdf) curve
for a continuous probability distribution?

A) 0
B) 1
C) C) Infinity
D) Cannot be determined
32 29
Ans:
B) 1 110.What is the probability density function (pdf) of the normal distribution?
Ans:
106.Which of the following is an example of a well-known continuous (c )
probability distribution?
111.Which distribution is commonly used in hypothesis testing and
A) Exponential distribution confidence interval calculations when the population standard deviation is
B) Poisson distribution unknown?
C) Bernoulli distribution
D) Normal distribution A) Normal distribution
Ans: B) Chi-Square distribution
D) Normal distribution C) t distribution
D) F distribution
107.Which distribution is commonly used to model the heights of humans? Ans: C) t distribution

A) Normal distribution Answers:

B) Chi-Square distribution
C) t distribution D) Normal distribution
D) F distribution A) Normal distribution
Ans: A) Symmetric distribution
A) Normal distribution B) Power-law distribution
C)
108.What type of distribution is the Chi-Square distribution? C) t distribution

A) Symmetric distribution 112.Which of the following is an example of a well-known continuous

B) Skewed distribution probability distribution?
C) Uniform distribution
D) Exponential distribution A) Exponential distribution
Ans: B) Poisson distribution
A) Symmetric distribution C) Bernoulli distribution
D) Normal distribution
109.The probabilities of movies being a hit are often modeled by which type Ans:
of distribution? D) Normal distribution

A) Normal distribution Which distribution is commonly used to model the heights of humans?
B) Power-law distribution
C) Pareto distribution A) Normal distribution
D) Exponential distribution B) Chi-Square distribution
Ans: C) t distribution
B) Power-law distribution D) F distribution
30 31