Kalam Golden Pages (KGP)

KGP_04 (Polity)
INDEX
S. No. Topic

1 President
2 Vice President
3 Governor

Scan to get more Study Material

Join our Telegram Channel

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 1
President
Concept Prelims Marks Maximizer
The Following are not included in Electoral
Election to the Office of President
college
• Must be citizen of India
• 35years of age Nominated members of LS, RS &
Qualification • Qualified to contest elections as a member of Lok Legislative Assemblies of States and that
Sabha. of Delhi and Puducherry UTs
• Not to hold office of profit.
Elected and nominated members of
• 5 years from entering upon his office. Legis councils of States

Termination before 5 years in 2 ways Eligible for re-election (article 57)

Term of Office Value of Vote
By Resignation in writing By removal ONLY for
to Vice President violation of the Constitution,
by process of Impeachment • Value of vote of MLA of different state
(Article 61) is different.
• Value of vote of MP is greater than
MLA (of any State)
• Elected members of the both houses of Parliament
• Value of vote MP (LS) = MP (RS)
Electoral • Elected members of Legislative Assemblies of the State
• Cumulative value of vote LS (MP) is
College • Elected members of the Legislative assemblies of UTs of
greater than RS (MP)
Delhi and Puducherry

Requirement • 50 Electors as proposers and 50 electors as seconders

for Vetoes exercised by the President
nomination of
the Office of Absolute Withholding of assent to
President Veto a bill

Powers and Function of President Suspensive Return of Bill for

Veto reconsideration
• Appoints
PM and other Ministers
Neither ratifies, nor
Pocket Veto rejects nor returns the
Attorney General of India
Bill. Keeps it pending
Comptroller and Auditor General indefinitely.

CEC and Other Election Commissioner Suspensive Veto is not available in case of
Executive
Powers Money Bills
Chairman and members of UPSC
Pocket veto: The Constitution of India does
The Governors of States
not prescribe any time limit, while in US it’s
10 days
Chairman and members of Finance Commission
• Appoint a Commission to investigate into There is no Veto power against
conditions of SCs, STs & other Backward classes Constitutional Amendment Bill.
• can appoint an Inter-state Council
Pardon Removes both sentence
Legislative • can Summon or Prorogue the Parliament and
and Conviction
Powers dissolve the Lok Sabha

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 2
 • Addresses the parliament at the commencement of Stay of execution of a
1st session of Each Year/General election. Reprieve sentence for Temporary
• Nominates 12 member to RS Period
• Some bills require his prior recommendation for
Introduction in Parliament Awarding of lesser
• Can promulgate Ordinances on subjects where Respite sentence in place of
Parliament has Legislative Power (Art 123) original award due to
Special fact
• His prior recommendation is required for
Introduction of Money Bills in parliament Remission Reduction of period of
• Causes for the Annual Financial Statement to be sentence without
Financial laid before Parliament changing its character
powers • No demand for Grant can be laid except for his
Commut- Substitution of one form
Recommendation
ation of Punishment for a
• can make advances out of Contingency Fund of
lighter form
India for unforeseen expenditure
Aspect President's Immunity
• Appoint Chief Justice & other Judges of SC &HC
• can seek advice from SC on question of law/fact Official Acts Enjoys personal
Judicial
• Can grant pardon, reprieve, respite and remission immunity from legal
Powers liability
of Punishment, or suspend, remit or commute the
sentence of any person Criminal Immune from criminal
Proceedings proceedings even for
• Supreme commander of the defence forces and personal acts
Military appoints the Chiefs of the Army, Navy and Air Force Civil Can face civil
Powers • can declare war or conclude peace (subject to Proceedings proceedings post two
approval of Parliament) months' notice in
personal acts during her
• Internaional treaties and agreements are term
negotiated and concluded on behalf of the
Diplomatic
President Situational Discretionary
Powers
• Represents India in International Forums • When no party has a clear majority
• Sends and receives Diplomats like ambassadors or the incumbent PM dies suddenly
without an obvious successor.
• conferred Extra-ordinary powers by Constitution to • Dismissal of Council of Ministers
Emergency deal with National Emergency (Art 352), President’s when it cannot prove the
Powers rule (Art 356 & 365) and Financial Emergency (Art confidence of Lok Sabha
360) • Dissolution of Lok Sabha if council of
ministers has lost its majority

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 3
Vice President
The Vice-President occupies the second highest office in the country. He is DIY WORKBOOK
accorded a rank next to President in official warrant of precedence. American Indian Vice-
Vice-President President
Appointment • President by warrant under his hand and seal
Succeeds and Does not assume the
• Citizen of India serves the President's office for
• 35 years of age unexpired the unexpired term;
Qualification • Qualified for the election as a member of the Rajya
term of the serves as an acting
Sabha
President President only
• Not hold any office of profit.

• Member of both houses of the parliament (elected

and nominated).
Electoral
• The nominated members of both houses of
College
Parliament have right to vote in the election of Vice
President.

• Oath to be administered by the President (or) any

Oath person appointed in that behalf by the president

• 5 years (Article 67)

Term
• Resign by addressing letter to President

• Can be removed from office by resolution of

Rajya Sabha passed by special majority and
Removal agreed by Lokshaba.
• At least 14 days’ notice given; no grounds for
removal mentioned

• Act as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha

• Assumes the duties of the President in case of a
Powers and vacancy due to death or removal.
Functions • Acts as President for a maximum of six months
but does not concurrently fulfil the Rajya Sabha
Chairman's responsibilities.

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 4
Governor

The Constitution under Art 153, provides for a Governor for each state. Pardon Powers of Governor vs President

• President by warrant under his hand and seal Pardon President Governor
Appointment
can can’t
Court Martial
• Must be a Citizen of India pardon pardon
• should’ve completed the age of 35yrs
can can’t
Qualification • Sarkaria Commission (1983) recommended Governors to Death sentence
pardon pardon
be eminent individuals from outside the state, detached
from intense political links or recent political involvement
The Governor cannot pardon Death
• Administered by Chief Justice of concerned High sentence but can remit, reprieve or
Oath Court and in his absence by the senior-most commute it.
available Judge of concerned High Court
Constitutional Discretion
• 5 years, but remains in office during pleasure of the
Term
President
reserve the bill for the consideration of
• dismissal by the President (withdrawal of pleasure) the President of India
• grounds of removal not specified in Constitution
Removal recommend for the President’s rule in
the state

additional charge as the administrator of

Powers and Functions
the Union Territory
• all executive actions of State Govt taken in
determine the amount payable by the
Governor’s name
Government of Assam, Meghalaya,
• can make Recommendation to President to impose
Tripura, and Mizoram to an autonomous
Constitutional emergency in State under Art 356
Tribal District Council as royalty
• Acts as Chancellor of Universities in State. also
appoints Vice-chancellors of Universities in the state
• Appoints:
Situational Discretion
Executive
Powers Chief Minister and other Subordinate Ministers appoint a Chief Minister after no party
has a clear majority in the election or
Advocate general of the State when the incumbent dies in the office
State Election Commissioner dismisses the council of ministers on an
inability to prove confidence in the state
Chairman and members of State Public Service
legislative assembly
Commission
dissolves the state legislative assembly
• Summons or Prorogues the State Legislature and can on time when it loses its majority
dissolve State Legislative Assembly
• Appoints any member of State Legislative Assembly
as Speaker when offices of both Speaker and Deputy Special Powers and Responsibilities
Speaker fall vacant of Governor (Art 371-371J)
Legislative
• Reserve for the President’s consideration any bill
Powers
passed by State Legis, which endangers State HC/ w.r.t law and order in the
against Constitutional Provisions Nagaland state as long as Internal
• Nominates 1/6th of member of State Legislative Disturbance continues
Council from amongst persons with Special
knowledge or practical experience

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 2
 • Can Promulgate Ordinances when State Legis not in Administration of Tribal
Assam
session. Areas

• causes for laying the Annual Financial Statement Administration of Hill

Manipur
before State legislature Areas
• Money Bills in State require his prior
recommendation Arunachal Law and order in the
Financial • Demand for grant made only on Governor’s Pradesh State
Powers recommendation
for peace and for
• Constitutes a Finance Commission every 5 years to
ensuring Social and
review financial position of Panchayats and Sikkim
economic advancement
Municipalities
of diff sections
• can make advances out of Contingency fund of state

• President while appointing Judges of a High Court Reservations Grounds for President's
consults governor. Consideration:
• makes appointments, postings and promotions of • When provisions mentioned in the bill:
Judicial District judges Violates the constitution (Ultra-Vires)
Powers • Appoints persons to Judicial service of the state on • Oppose Directive Principles of State
consult with State HC and SPSC Policy
• Grants Pardons, reprieves, respites and remission • Hinders the larger interests of the
and suspension of Punishment. country
• Concern the national importance
• Mention the acquisition of property
that is dealt with Article 31A in the
constitution

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 3
Citizenship

Concept Prelims Marks Maximizer

a) Citizen is a person of a country who is entitled to enjoy Category Definition

all the legal rights and privileges granted by a state and is NRIs Indian Citizens residing in another
obligated to obey its laws and to fulfil his duties. country.
PIO Formerly a 15-year visa for non-Indian
b) Part II of the constitution of India, Articles 5 – 11 deals
citizens, now removed.
with the Citizenship of India. OCIs Non-Indian citizens with a lifetime visa
c) Indian Citizenship Act of 1955 provides for the for living and working in India with
acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship. fewer restrictions.

• The Citizenship Amendment Bill 2015

automatically converted all PIO card
holders to OCI status from January 9,
2016.
• Distinctions between PIO and OCI were
eliminated, and benefits extended to OCI
cardholders were also applicable to PIO
cardholders after the conversion.

Category Definition
NRIs Indian Citizens residing in another country.
PIO Formerly a 15-year visa for non-Indian citizens, now removed.
OCIs Non-Indian citizens with a lifetime visa for living and working in India with fewer restrictions.

Scan to get more Study Material

Join our Telegram Channel

Old Rajindra Nagar Delhi Call: +91- 98878-44044 Visit: https://kalamias.academy/ Page | 4