THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA - I

[EVOLUTION OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION, HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES,

PREAMBLE & ARTS. 1-51A]

CONTENTS
SUBJECT-MATTER
UNIT - I
MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE, EVOLUTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF
CONSTITUTION & THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

Topic
hio.
Page
NO.
 1.A
t.B.
1.C.
1.D.
1.D.(i).
“ 1.D.(ii).
1.D.(iii).
1.D.(iv).
1.D.(v).
1.D.(vi).
1.D.(vii).
1.D.(viii).
1.D.(ix).
1.D.(x).
1.D.(xi).
II.(xii).
Ü.D.(xiii).
‘1.D.(xiv).
1.D.(xv).
1.D.(xvi).
1.D.(xvii).
1.D.{xviii).
1Æ.(xix). 1..0.
(xx).
ñ.D.(xxi).
4Æ.(xxiî).
1.D.(xxiii).
’$.D.(xxiv).
1.D.(xxv).
D.(xxvi).
ÿ,Æ.(xxvii).
.ÿtD.(xxviîi)
.
.E.(i).
g.E.(ii).
Meaning and Significance of the Constitution. 1
' Evolution of the Modern Constitutions. 4
” Classification of the Constitutions. 7
EVOLUTION OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION &
THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES. 9
Early Administration of the East lndia Company. 9
Chartes of 1726 & Charter of 1753/The Mayor's Courts. 13
Warren Hastings. 15
The Regulating Act, 1773. 18
The CharterAct of 1793. 19
Sir John Shore. 20
The Provincial Courts ofAppeal. 21
Lord Bentinck. 22
The CharterAct of 1813. 23
The Chartes Act of 1833 & The CharterAct of 1853. 24
The Law Commissions. 26
The Supreme Court at Calcutta 28
The Raja Nand Kumar’s Case. 29
The Patna Case. 30
The Cossijurah Case 30
The ArnendingAct of 1781 (The Act of Settlement). 31
The Pitt’s lndia Act, 1784. 32
Lord Comwallis. 33
The Government of lndia Act, 1858. 35
“The Indian High Courts Act, 1861. 37
* The Indian Councils Act, 1861. 38
* The Indian Councils Act, 1892. 39
”The Indian Councils Act, 1909/The Ninto-Morley Reforms. 39
”The Government of lndia Act, 1919/The Montague-Chelnzslôrd/Diarchy. 41
* The Government of lndia Act, 1935. 43
” The Federal Court. 4R
The Privy Council. 49
* The Constitutional Developments Betwùen 1937 To 1947. 51
“The Draftlno of The tndlan Constitution of lndià. 53
“The Constituent Assembly of lndia. 53
The Role of The Draftlng Commlttee of The Constituent Assembly. 55
The Most Important Toplcs in the Histarîsal Perspeclfives.
txlx)
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 UNIT -
N
I! INDIA<CO NSTITUTIO &
2.Cx The
THEState. [Art. 12]
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE AR TS. 1-13]
TAL tionRI GHTS [
2.H. Laws THE
lnconsis
FUNDAMEN
tent WI!!. r Î n Deroga

2.A. | The Nature and Salieill Feature

2.B. The PreanJhle.
2.C. The Union and its Territory / | S lt1(tID
2.D. t The Foi-mation or Cessat io f1 Ci f î2 NI2W

2.E. t The Citizenship. [ArtS. 5-

ntal Rights.
11] 2.F. General Principles ReIat«1 t the FMd ame
 Bg
TITUTIO NtS.& [Art.
13] e 13]
THE INDIA<CO NS
of the Fundamental Righ
TS. 1-13]

ntal Rights.
2.1.
Delegated Legis
lation and the Fundam ntal RightS. [
e
2.J. The Doctrine of Severability. (AFt. 13]
/.K. The DoCtrine of Eclipse. [Alt. 13]
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3.E. (Reservations). [Art. 16] 11¿
3.F. Abolition of Untouchability. [Art. 17] Abolition of Titles. [Art. 18} 118
11g

3.Cx RIGHT TO FREEDOM. [Arts. 19-22a

3.Cx(i). Protection of certain Rights Regarding Freedom of Speech, Etc. [Art. 19)
3.G.(ii). Freedom of Speech and Expression. [Art. 19(1)(a)]
3.G.(iii). Freedom to Assemble Peaceably and without Arms. [Art. 19(1)(B)]
3.G.(iv). Freedom to form Associations or Unions. [Art. 19(1)(c)]

2.L. The D oCtrine of W aiver. [

jÂ,J’t. 13]
UNIT - III
ARTS. 1 4-22)
THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS [
3.A RIGHT TO EQUALIT Y. tArts. 14-18]
3.B Equality Before Law. [A ft. 14]

F . Prohibition of DiSCrimination on Grounds of Religion,

Race,

Casse, Sex or Place of Birth/Protective Discnminati on. [Art. 15]

3.D Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment
.

3.Cx(v). Freedom to Move Freely throughout the Territory of India [Art. 19(1)(d)]

&
3.G. Freedom to Reside and Settle in any Part of the Territory of India.
(vi).
3.Q(vi¡) 19 e to pra
Freedom ctise any Profession, Or tO Carry on any
. Right to Property.
OCcupation, îArt. s.19(1)(fj]19(1)
Trade or Busines [Repealed.]
3.H.(i). (g)]
Protection in Respect of C t'
3.H.(ii). 0 e ces 2
1
3.H.(iii). LX P Bt f acto Laws.
3.H.(ty).
3.H.
Dou b e Jeopard
l oi (2
(y). ))
Protection against Self lne in ›n
3.1. i o,. Ht 20
ProteO tio n of
3.J. U na Llb [
a•.
Right to Ec
U ion rt. e (311
t‘ PC d Ca.
Life 21- 21]
Protection [A
g nst A\ and Deten
es
j !» Certa in e *t22]
c
!» Certa in
c
 1o
s

dia [Art. 19(1)(d)]

12
dia. 6
12
7
129
132
132
134
13ô
138
145
146

*t22]
 UNIT - IV
THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS (ARTS. 23-32]

4.A Prohibition of Tra(fic in Human beings and Forced Labour. [Art. 23] 164
4.B. Prohibition of Employment of Children in Factories, etc. [Art. 24] 166
4.C. Right to Freedom of Religion. [Arts. 25 to 28] 168
4.D. Cultural and Educational Rights. [Arts. 29 & 30] 173
4.E. The Minority Institutions. [Arts. 29 & 30] 175
4.F. Right to Property vs. Land Acquisition and Land Reforms.
[Arts. 31-A, 31-B & 31-C] 178

4.Cx Right tO COnStitutional Remedies. [Art. 32] 188

4.H. Limitations on Constitutional Remedies. [Arts. 33-35] 196
UNIT - V
THE DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY [ARTS. 36-51]

5A THE DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY. [Arts. 36-51] 209

S.B. Definition of “State" [Art. 36] 211
S.C. Application of The Principles Contained in this Part. [Art. 37] 211
S.D. State to secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People.
[Art. 38] 212

S.E. Certain Principles of Policy to be followed by the State. [Art. 39] 212
S.F. Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid. [Art. 39-A] 213
5.Cx Organisation of Village Panchayats [Art. 40] 215
S.H. Right to Work, to Education and to Public Assistance in Certain Cases. {Art. 41]
216

S.I. Provision for Just and Humane Conditions of Work and Maternity Relief. [Art. 42]
216

S.J. Living Wage, etc., for Workers. [Art. 43] 217 t

5.IC Participation of Workers in Management of Industries. [Ark 43-A] 217
5.L Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens. [Arts. 44) 218
S.M. Organisation of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. [An 48] 219
S.N. Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild
Life. [ArC 48-A] 220

S.O. Protection of Monuments and Places and Objects of National Importance. [Art. 49] 220
S.P. Separation of Judiciary from Executive/
Independence of Judiciary. [ArL 50] 221
S.Q.
Promotion of International Peace And Security. [ArL 51] I >• I
S.R. THE FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES. [Art. 51-A] 226 I
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