NORTH KAZAKHSTAN

UNIVERSITY
THEM. M. KOZYBAEV

REPORT

On INTERSHIP Practice

Student HARSHAL DNYANESHWAR PATIL

(Full Name)
Department General Medicine
(directing department of the faculty)
Educational program__6B10101

Group __OM(A)-19-9

Period of practice __18.09.23 - 21.10.23

Base of practice __Ambulance station or clinic Intensive Care
assistant (name of practice base)
Head of the clinical base Жужгов B. B.
(FULL NAME.)
Head from the University Стафий Д.В.
(FULL NAME.)

Petropavlovsk 2023
Introduction
The program is designed to implement state requirements for the level of training and
the mandatory minimum content in the discipline "Emergency Medical Care" in the
specialty 6B10101 - General Medicine. The production practice "Assistant to the doctor of
emergency and emergency care" is carried out in the 9-th semester for 1 weeks, the
duration of the working day is 7.2 academic hours. The sequence and schedule of various
activities during the day may vary depending on the working conditions.

Purpose of practice :-

Practicing in a hospital's emergency department serves several important purposes:

Patient Care: It allows healthcare professionals to gain experience in diagnosing

and treating a wide range of medical emergencies, ensuring patients receive timely
and appropriate care.

Skill Development: It provides an opportunity for medical personnel to refine their

clinical skills, such as suturing, intubation, and trauma management.

Teamwork: Emergency departments are high-stress environments, and practicing

there helps healthcare teams develop effective communication and coordination, which is
crucial for patient safety.

Education: It serves as a training ground for medical students, residents, and fellows
to learn about emergency medicine and gain hands-on experience.

Research: Many emergency departments are involved in research and data collection
to improve patient care and outcomes.

Preparedness: Regular practice prepares healthcare providers for real emergencies,

helping them stay updated on the latest protocols and procedures.

Triage: Emergency departments teach the importance of triage, where patients are
assessed based on the severity of their condition to allocate resources efficiently.

Community Service: They play a vital role in providing immediate care to the
community, often acting as a safety net for those in crisis.

Overall, practicing in the emergency department is essential for healthcare professionals

to deliver effective and timely care during critical medical situations.
 Types of practical activities during practice

1. Removal and interpretation of the ECG

2. Assembly and application of intravenous drip systems
3. Gastric lavage
4. Express methods for determining blood sugar and their interpretation
5.Artificial respiration by mouth-to-mouth and mouth-to-nose methods using
an air duct, face mask and breathing bag.
6. Indirect heart massage. Chemical and physical defibrillation of the heart.
7. Imposition of a hemostatic tourniquet and other methods of stopping bleeding.
8. Immobilization of injured limbs and bandaging
9. Bladder catheterization.
10. Methods for cleaning the upper respiratory tract and maintaining their
free patency.

Type of practicin
NO Readings Description
. or
g Measureme
procedur
e
1. Removal Normal Removing and interpreting an
and Sinus electrocardiogram (ECG) involves several steps:
interpret Rhythm
ation of (NSR): Gathering Equipment: You'll need an ECG
the ECG machine, electrodes, alcohol swabs, and ECG paper.
The P
waves are Preparing the Patient: Ensure the patient is
regular, comfortable, lying down, and relaxed. Expose
with one P the chest area for electrode placement.
wave
preceding Electrode Placement: Attach the electrodes to
each QRS specific locations on the patient's body. These
complex. locations include the limbs (arms and legs) and
The PR chest (precordial leads). Electrode placement is
interval crucial for accurate ECG readings.
falls within
the Recording the ECG: Start the ECG machine to
normal range
(0.12 to 0.20
seconds).
The QRS record the electrical activity of the heart. It
complex is usually takes a few seconds to complete the
normal in recording.
duration
(usually less Removing Electrodes: Once the ECG is
than 0.12 recorded, carefully remove the electrodes from the
seconds). patient's
The T body. Use alcohol swabs to clean any residual gel
waves are or adhesive.
upright
and follow the Interpreting the ECG: The ECG provides a
QRS graphical representation of the heart's
complex. electrical
Heart rate is activity overtime. Here's a basic interpretation guide:
within the
normal range
(usually 60-
100 beats per
minute).

P-Wave: Represents atrial depolarization

(contraction).
QRS Complex: Depicts ventricular depolarization
(contraction) and should be narrow.
T-Wave: Reflects ventricular repolarization
(relaxation).
PR Interval: Measures the time between atrial
and ventricular depolarization. It should be within
a
normal range.

QT Interval: Measures the time for ventricular

depolarization andrepolarization. An abnormal QT
interval can indicate a risk of arrhythmias.
Heart Rate: Calculate the heart rate based on the
number of QRS complexes in a given time
interval (e.g., 60 seconds). A normal resting heart
rate is
around 60- 100 beats per minute.
Interpreting Abnormalities: Look for abnormalities
such as arrhythmias, conduction blocks, ST-segment
changes, and T-wave abnormalities. Consult
medical
 guidelines and seek expert input if needed.

Documenting Findings: Record your findings,

including heart rate, rhythm, and any abnormal
ECG features. This documentation is crucial for
diagnosis and patient care.

Consulting a Physician: If you're not a

healthcare professional trained in ECG
interpretation, it's
essential to consult a physician or cardiologist for
a formal interpretation and diagnosis.

ECG interpretation can be complex, and it's typically

performed by trained medical professionals. If you're
not qualified, it's crucial to involve a healthcare
expert for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
2. Assembl Insert the Assembling the IV Drip System:
y and catheter into
applicati the vein at a Gather Supplies: Ensure you have all the
on of 15 to 30 angle. necessary supplies, including:
intraven
ous drip IV bag with the prescribed solution (e.g., saline
systems or medication).
IV tubing set with a drip chamber.
Sterile IV catheter (cannula) of the appropriate
size. Sterile gloves.
Alcohol swabs.
Transparent dressing or sterile tape.
Tourniquet (optional).
Patient's medical chart for orders.
Prepare the Patient:

Explain the procedure to the patient and

obtain informed consent if required.
Choose an appropriate vein (typically in the
forearm) and clean the area with an alcohol swab.
Apply a tourniquet above the chosen site to
help visualize veins (if needed).
Wash Hands and Wear Gloves: Perform hand
hygiene and wear sterile gloves to maintain aseptic
technique.
Insert the IV Catheter:

Hold the catheter at a 20-30 degree angle to the

skin. Insert the catheter into the vein with a swift,
gentle
motion.
Once in the vein, advance the catheter a short
distance while maintaining a stable needle position.
Withdraw the needle and continue to advance
the catheter, securing it in place.
Secure the Catheter: Use a transparent dressing
or sterile tape to secure the catheter in place.

Applying the IV Drip:

Prime the Tubing:

Hang the IV bag on a pole or hook.

Open the IV tubing package and attach it to the
bag's spike.
Fill the tubing and drip chamber by opening the
roller clamp and allowing the solution to flow
through,
removing air bubbles.
Adjust the Flow Rate:

Determine the prescribed flow rate in milliliters

per hour (mL/hour).
Adjust the roller clamp on the IV tubing to control
the flow rate. Count the number of drops per minute
to
ensure accuracy.
Connect the Tubing to the Catheter:

Ensure the tubing is sterile.

 Remove the protective cap from the end of the
IV tubing.
Connect the tubing to the port on the IV catheter
hub. Monitor the IV Drip:

Continuously monitor the IV drip to ensure it

is flowing at the correct rate.
Observe for any signs of infiltration or
complications. Secure the Tubing:

Use adhesive tape to secure the tubing to the

patient's skin and prevent accidental dislodgment.
Document the Procedure: Record details of the
procedure, including the type of solution,
catheter size, insertion site, and the start time of
the IV
infusion in the patient's medical chart.

Regularly Assess the Patient: Monitor the patient for

any adverse reactions or complications during the
IV therapy.
3. Gastric Gastric lavage is a medical procedure used to
Lavage remove substances from the stomach. It should only
be
performed by trained medical personnel in a
clinical setting.

Prepare the patient: Ensure the patient is stable

and adequately monitored. Obtain informed consent
if
possible.

Gather equipment: Assemble the necessary

equipment, including anasogastric tube, warm saline
solution, suction device, and gloves.
Position the patient: Place the patient in a
comfortable position, usually on their left side.

Insert thenasogastric tube: Lubricate the

nasogastric tube and gently insert it through the
nose and down into the stomach. Confirm correct
placement by listening for air sounds when injecting
 air or by checking the pH level of aspirated
stomach contents.

Begin lavage: Slowly and gently introduce warm

saline solution into the stomach through the
nasogastric tube. Allow the solution to dwell in
the stomach for a short period, and then use a
suction device to remove the fluid along with any
ingested substances.

Repeat: Continue to instill and remove saline

until the aspirated fluid appears clear or as
directed by a medical professional.

Monitor: Keep a close watch on the patient's vital

signs and overall condition throughout the procedure.
4. Express Fasting Blood Methods for determining blood sugar levels include:
method Sugar
s for (Fasting Blood Glucose Meter (Glucometer):
determin Plasma
ing Glucose - Procedure: A small blood sample (usually from a
blood FPG): finger prick) is placed on a test strip, which is then
sugar inserted into a glucose meter. The meter provides
and Normal a digital readout of the blood glucose level.
their Range:
interpret Typically,
ation fasting blood Interpretation: Results are typically given in
sugar levels milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per
should be liter (mmol/L). Normal fasting blood glucose levels
below 100 are usually between 70- 100 mg/dL (3.9-5.6
milligrams per mmol/L). Post-meal levels may temporarily rise but
deciliter should
(mg/dL) or generally stay below 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
5.6 millimoles for most people.
per liter Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT):
(mmol/L).
Post-Meal Procedure: After fasting overnight, a person drinks
Blood Sugar a sugary solution, and blood samples are taken at
(Postprandial intervals (usually 1 and 2 hours) to measure how
Glucose): the body processes glucose.
Interpretation: Elevated levels at the 2-hour mark
Normal may indicate impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes.
Range: After Normal fasting levels and 2-hour levels are
eating a typically less than 100 mg/dL andless than 140
meal, mg/dL,
blood sugar respectively.
levels usually Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Test:
rise but should
generally
return to
levels below
140 mg/dL
(7.8 mmol/L)
within two
hours for
most people.
Hemoglobin
A1c
(HbA1c):

Normal
Range: An
HbA1c
level
below 5.7% is Procedure: This blood test measures the
often average blood glucose level over the past 2-3
considered months by assessing the percentage of
normal. This hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it.
test reflects Interpretation: HbA1c levels are reported as a
the average percentage. A normal range is typically below 5.7%.
blood sugar Higher levels indicate poorer long-term blood sugar
levels over control. Levels between 5.7% and 6.4% may
the past 2-3 suggest prediabetes, while levels of 6.5% or higher
months. are often used to diagnose diabetes.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM):

Procedure: A small sensor is placed under the skin

to measure glucose levels continuously throughout
the day and night.
Interpretation: CGM provides real-time data and
trends in blood sugar levels. It helps individuals
with diabetes adjust their insulin or medication
doses and lifestyle choices to maintain target
glucose ranges.
Urine Glucose Test:

Procedure: A dipstick is dipped into a urine

sample, and color changes indicate the presence of
glucose.
Interpretation: Urine glucose testing is less accurate
than blood tests. It can detect elevated blood
glucose
 levels but is not used for precise monitoring.
High urine glucose levels may indicate
hyperglycemia. Fasting Blood Sugar Test:

Procedure: A blood sample is taken after an

overnight fast to measure blood glucose levels.
Interpretation: Fasting blood sugar levels below
100 mg/dL are typically considered normal. Levels
between 100- 125 mg/dL may suggest
prediabetes, and levels of 126 mg/dL or higher on
two separate occasions may indicate diabetes.
Interpretation of blood sugar levels can vary
depending on factors like age, individual health,
and the presence of other medical conditions.
5. Artificial
respirati Artificial respiration, also known as rescue
on by breathing, is a life-saving technique used to provide
mouth- oxygen to someone who is not breathing or
to-mouth breathing
and inadequately. There are different methods for
mouth- artificial respiration, including mouth-to-mouth
to-nose and mouth-to-nose techniques, which can be
methods performed using various tools like an air duct,
using an facemask, and breathing bag.
air
duct, Here's an explanation of how to perform
face artificial respiration using these methods and
mask tools:
and
breathin Check for Responsiveness: Before starting artificial
g bag respiration, ensure the person is unresponsive and
not breathing or breathing abnormally. Tap or gently
shake the person and shout for a response.

Call for Help: If there is no response,

immediately call for emergency medical assistance
or have
someone else do so.

Position the Person: Lay the person on their back on

a flat surface, ensuring their head is tilted back
slightly to open the airway.
Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation:
4. Seal the Nose: Close the person's nostrils
using your thumb and forefinger to prevent air
from
escaping.

Open the Mouth: Gently open the person's mouth and

look for any obstructions. If you see an
object blocking the airway, remove it if
possible.

Create a Seal: Place your mouth completely over

the person's mouth, ensuring there are no leaks. You
can use a facemask to help maintain a seal.

Give Rescue Breaths: Deliver two slow and full

breaths into the person's mouth, each lasting
about one second and causing their chest to rise
visibly. Ensure the chest falls completely
between breaths.

Continue CPR: After the initial rescue breaths,

perform chest compressions if you are trained in
CPR. Follow the recommended ratio of chest
compressions to rescue breaths.

Mouth-to-Nose Resuscitation:
4. Close the Mouth: Ensure the person's mouth
is closed.

Seal the Nose: Place your mouth over the

person's nose, creating a seal, and blow gently to
deliver
rescue breaths.

Give Rescue Breaths: Deliver two slow and full

 breaths into the person's nose, each lasting about
one second and causing their chest to rise visibly.
Ensure the chest falls completely between breaths.

Continue CPR: As with mouth-to-mouth

resuscitation, perform chest compressions if you
are trained in CPR, following the recommended
ratio.

Using an Air Duct, Face Mask, and Breathing Bag:

These tools can assist in maintaining an airtight seal
while performing artificial respiration. They are
particularly useful when performing rescue breaths
on individuals with infectious diseases or in
situations
where direct mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-
nose contact is undesirable.

Place the facemask over the person's mouth and

nose, ensuring a snug fit.

Attach the air duct to the facemask and connect it to

the breathing bag.

Squeeze the breathing bag to deliver rescue

breaths into the person's airway.

Continue with chest compressions as needed,

maintaining the recommended compression-to-
rescue breath ratio.
6. Chest Indirect heart massage, also known as
compress cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and
ions, defibrillation are life-saving procedures used
chemical during cardiac arrest.
and
physical Indirect Heart Massage (CPR):
defibrilla
tion. Purpose: CPR is performed when someone's heart
Indirect has stopped beating or is beating irregularly. The goal
heart is to manually pump oxygenated blood to vital
massage. organs, including the brain, until more advanced
Chemical medical help arrives.
and
physical Technique:
defibrilla
tion of Check Responsiveness: First, check if the person is
the heart. responsive. If unresponsive, call for help
immediately (call 911 or emergency services) or
instruct someone else to do so.
Positioning: Lay the person on their back on a firm
surface, and ensure the area is safe for you to
work.

Chest Compressions: Position your hands in the

center of the chest, on the lower half of the
sternum. Interlock your fingers and place your body
weight over your hands.
Compression Depth and Rate: Compress the chest
at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep and at a rate of 100-
120
compressions per minute. Allow the chest to
fully recoil between compressions.
Ventilations: After every 30 chest compressions,
provide two rescue breaths. Ensure an airtight
seal over the person's mouth and nose while
delivering breaths.
Continue: Keep performing cycles of 30
compressions and 2 breaths until the person revives or
professional help arrives.
Chemical and Physical Defibrillation:

Purpose: Defibrillation is used to treat life-

threatening cardiac arrhythmias, such as
ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular
tachycardia (VT),
where the heart's electrical activity becomes chaotic.

Chemical Defibrillation: This involves

administering antiarrhythmic medications, such as
epinephrine or amiodarone, intravenously to
attempt to restore a normal heart rhythm. These
medications help stabilize the heart's electrical
activity.

Physical Defibrillation: This method uses an

automated external defibrillator (AED) or manual
defibrillator to deliver an electric shock to the heart.
The shock briefly stops the heart's electrical
activity, allowing it to reset and, hopefully, resume
a normal rhythm.

Technique for Physical Defibrillation:

Apply electrode pads to the patient's chest

following the AED's instructions.
The AED will analyze the heart rhythm and
prompt you to stand clear while it delivers a shock
if
necessary.
Ensure no one is touching the patient during the
shock delivery.
 After a shock, continue CPR until further analysis
or professional medical help arrives.
7. Applicati Hemostatic tourniquets and other methods are
on of a used for controlling bleeding in various medical
hemostat and
ic emergency situations. Here are some applications:
tourniqu
et and Trauma and First Aid:
other
methods Hemostatic tourniquets can be applied to limbs to
control severe bleeding, especially in cases of
arterial bleeding or traumatic injuries.
Direct pressure with sterile dressings or bandages
can be applied to wounds to stop bleeding.
Elevating the injured limb above the level of the
heart can help reduce blood flow to the injured area.
Surgery:

Surgeons may use tourniquets during surgery

to temporarily block blood flow to a specific
area, allowing for a bloodless surgical field.
Hemostatic agents and cautery tools can be used
to control bleeding during surgery.
Hemophilia Management:

Hemostatic agents and medications are essential for

people with hemophilia to promote blood clotting
and prevent excessive bleeding.
Dental Procedures:
 Dentists use hemostatic agents and techniques to
control bleeding during oral surgeries and
extractions. Military and Combat Medicine:

Hemostatic tourniquets are vital in military settings

to control bleeding from gunshot wounds and other
traumatic injuries.
Emergency Medical Services (EMS):

Paramedics may use tourniquets to control

severe bleeding in pre-hospital settings.
Dressings, hemostatic agents, and pressure can
be applied to wounds as needed.
Obstetrics and Gynecology:

Hemostatic techniques are employed to

control bleeding during childbirth and
gynecological
surgeries.
Hemorrhage Control Kits:

Hemostatic agents, tourniquets, and other tools

are included in hemorrhage control kits for use in
emergencies and disasters.
8. Immobili Immobilizing injured limbs and bandaging
zation of are essential first aid skills. Here's some
injured detailed information:
limbs
and Assess the Injury: Before immobilizing or
bandagin bandaging, assess the injury's severity. Ensure
g there are no life-threatening conditions like
excessive
bleeding or compromised airways.

Gather Supplies: You'll need bandages, gauze

pads, tape, scissors, and any necessary splints.

Immobilization:

For fractures or dislocations, immobilize the

injured limb by splinting it. You can use boards,
rolled-up newspapers, or even clothing as
makeshift splints.
Place the splint above and below the injured
area, securing them with bandages or cloth strips.
Keep the limb in the position you found it unless
 circulation is compromised.
Bandaging:

Begin with a sterile gauze pad directly over

the wound.
Use a roller bandage or elastic bandage to secure
the gauze and cover the wound.
Wrap the bandage firmly but not too tight to
avoid cutting off circulation.
Secure the end of the bandage with tape or
clips. General Tips:

Always support the injured limb while applying

the bandage to prevent unnecessary movement.
Check for proper circulation by assessing the color,
temperature, and capillary refill of the fingers or
toes below the bandage. It should remain pink and
warm.

Be cautious not to cover joints too tightly, as this

can impede movement and circulation.
If there are signs of circulation problems (pale or blue
skin, numbness, tingling), loosen the bandage
slightly.

Seek Medical Help: While first aid is essential,

seek professional medical care for serious injuries,
fractures, or dislocations.
9. Bladder Bladder catheterization is a medical procedure in
catheteri which a thin, flexible tube called a catheter is inserted
zation into the bladder to drain urine. This is typically
done for various medical reasons, including urinary
retention, surgical procedures, or monitoring
urine output. Here's some detailed information
about
bladder catheterization:

Types of Catheters:

Foley Catheter: This is a common type of catheter

with a balloon at the tip that can be inflated to hold
it in place inside the bladder.
Straight Catheter: These are single-use catheters
that are inserted into the bladder to drain urine and
then removed.
Procedure:

Aseptic Technique: The procedure is

performed under sterile conditions to minimize
the risk of
infection.
Lubrication: A water-soluble lubricant is applied
to the catheter to ease insertion.
Sterile Gloves: Healthcare professionalswear sterile
gloves during the procedure.
Catheter Insertion: The catheter is carefully
inserted through the urethra into the bladder.
 Balloon Inflation (Foley): If it's a Foley catheter,
the balloon is inflated with sterile water to secure it.
Urine Drainage: Urine flows through the catheter
into a collection bag.
Indications:

Urinary retention (inability to urinate).

Monitoring urine output during surgery.
Managing urinary incontinence.
Emptying the bladder before certain
medical procedures.
Risks and Complications:

Infection: There's a risk of urinary tract infection

if aseptic technique is not followed.
Trauma: Injury to the urethra or bladder lining
is possible.
Catheter-associated discomfort or pain.
Blood in urine.
Duration:

Catheters maybe left in place temporarily

(intermittent catheterization) or for an
extended period (indwelling catheters).
Removal:

Foley catheters are removed by deflating the

balloon. Straight catheters are removed after urine
drainage. Follow-up:

Patients withindwelling catheters require regular

monitoring for complications.
Adequate hygiene is crucial to prevent infection.
10. Methods Cleaning and maintaining the upper respiratory tract
for is essential for overall health, especially in
cleaning preventing infections and promoting clear breathing.
the Here are
upper some methods for cleaning and maintaining the
respirato upper respiratory tract:
ry tract
and Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is crucial.
maintaini Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep
ng their the
free mucous membranes in your respiratory tract
moist. This helps in trapping and removing
irritants and
patency. pathogens.

Steam Inhalation: Inhaling steam can help moisten

and soothe the respiratory passages. Boil water,
pour it into a bowl, and lean over the bowl while
covering your head with a towel to trap the steam.
Breathe
deeply for a few minutes.

Saline Nasal Rinse: Using a saline nasal rinse or a

neti pot can help flush out mucus and allergens
from your nasal passages, reducing congestion and
promoting clear breathing.

Humidifier: Use a humidifier in your bedroom,

especially during dry seasons, to maintain optimal
humidity levels. This helps prevent the drying out
of nasal passages and throat.

Proper Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently

to prevent the spread of viruses and bacteria.
Avoid
touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and
mouth, to reduce the risk of introducing
pathogens.

Stay Active: Regular physical activity can help

maintain healthy lung function and promote good
circulation, which supports overall respiratory health.

Avoid Smoking: Smoking damages the respiratory

tract and can lead to chronic conditions. If you smoke,
consider quitting or seeking help to quit.

Air Filtration: Use air purifiers with HEPA filters

to remove allergens, pollutants, and particles from
the
air in your home, which can reduce irritation to
your respiratory tract.

Adequate Nutrition: Consume a balanced dietrich

in fruits and vegetables, as they provide essential
vitamins and antioxidants that support immune health.

Avoid Irritants: Minimize exposure to

environmental irritants such as strong odors,
pollutants, and allergens. Use a mask when
needed, especially in polluted environments.

Regular Check-ups: Visit your healthcare

provider for routine check-ups to detect and address
any
respiratory issues early on.

Allergen Management: If you have allergies,

work with your healthcare provider to manage them
effectively. Allergies can lead to chronic
congestion and respiratory problems.

Proper Sleep: Get enough quality sleep to

support your immune system and overall health.
1. Title page
North Kazakhstan State University
them. M. Kozybayeva
Department General Medicine
TOPIC TITLE
Completed by:...........HARSHAL DNYANESHWAR PATIL OM(A) - 19-9
(course, group, specialty)
Checked:...................................Стафий Д.В.………………………… teacher’s full
name
(position, academic degree)

Petropavlovsk

2023

Module 1 : General information about the discipline

SSWT task : Prepare essays on topics:

1 Car injury. Damage caused by a collision between a moving vehicle and a

pedestrian. Damage characteristics. Doctor tactics
2. Measures to ensure the patency of the respiratory tract (foreign body,
drowning) Airway obstruction
3. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Signs of the effectiveness of CPR
4. Provision of primary care for electrical injury.
5. First aid for fractures, types of fractures
6. Acute coronary syndrome, doctor's tactics
7. External examination of the corpse by an ambulance doctor

Title: Car Injury: Damage, Characteristics, and Medical Tactics

Introduction:
Car injuries involving collisions between moving vehicles and pedestrians are a
significant public health concern, often resulting in severe damage to individuals.

1.Damage Characteristics:

Physical Injuries:

Pedestrians typically suffer from a range of physical injuries, including fractures,

contusions, abrasions, and lacerations.
Head injuries are common, leading to traumatic brain injuries, concussions, and
skull fractures.
Chest and abdominal injuries can occur due to impact with the car's hood or windshield.

Internal Injuries:
In many cases, pedestrians experience internal injuries, such as organ damage,
internal bleeding, and pneumothorax.
These injuries may not be immediately apparent but can lead to serious complications if
left untreated.

Psychological Trauma:
Car accidents often result in psychological trauma, leading to conditions like post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety.
Witnessing or being involved in a collision can have long-lasting effects on mental health.

Medical Tactics:

Immediate Medical Attention:

In cases of car-pedestrian collisions, prompt medical attention is crucial.
The primary goal is to stabilize the patient, assess injuries, and address life-
threatening conditions like severe bleeding or compromised airways.
Diagnostic Tests:

Doctors typically use diagnostic tools such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs to
identify fractures, internal injuries, and other damage.
These tests help in formulating an appropriate treatment plan.

Surgical Intervention:
Severe injuries, especially fractures and internal injuries, often require surgical
intervention. Surgeons may perform procedures to repair fractures, control bleeding, or
remove damaged tissue.
Rehabilitation:

Once stabilized, patients often require physical therapy and rehabilitation to regain
mobility and function.
Rehabilitation helps in the recovery process and improves the quality of life.
Psychological Support:

Recognizing the psychological impact of car injuries, healthcare providers offer

counseling and therapy to address emotional trauma.
This support is essential in aiding the patient's mental recovery.

Conclusion:
Car injuries resulting from collisions between vehicles and pedestrians are characterized
by a wide range of physical and psychological damage. Effective medical tactics
involve immediate attention, diagnostic tests, surgical intervention when necessary,
rehabilitation, and psychological support. Early and comprehensive medical care is
essential to mitigate the long-term consequences of such accidents and promote the
recovery of affected individuals.

Characteristics of the student based on the results of the practice

HARSHAL DNYANESHWAR PATIL, a 5th year student of the faculty of the GP
OM group OM(A)-19-9 had an internship on the basis of the ambulance station in clinic
from September 18, 2023 to October 21, 2023.

While working with the doctor's the student filled out the relevant
documentation,measured blood pressure, pulse, carried out a physiological examination of
patients, collected complaints, anamnesis, and made a diagnosis in accordance with the
International Classification of Diseases.

Student prescribed treatment, gave directions for examinations, to specialists,

for preventive vaccinations.
Clinical Competence: Assess the student's clinical skills, such as their ability to
perform medical procedures, make accurate diagnoses, and provide appropriate patient
care.
Communication Skills: Evaluate their ability to communicate effectively with
patients, families, and medical staff.
Professionalism: Assess their punctuality, ethics, and adherence to hospital
policies. Teamwork: Evaluate their ability to work collaboratively with other
healthcare
professionals.
Problem-Solving: Determine their capacity to adapt to challenging situations and
solve medical problems.
Empathy: Evaluate their ability to show compassion and understanding towards
patients. Medical Knowledge: Assess their grasp of medical theory and their ability to
apply it in practice.

Head of practice

Grade for (differentiated test): 21.10.2023

Remarks:

Signature of the head of department/course:

Signature of Head of Professional Practice:

21.10.2023