CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1:

THE PARTS OF SPEECH(TỪ LOẠI)

I. Giới từ trong tiếng Anh
Giới từ là từ loại trong tiếng Anh dùng để diễn tả mối tương quan về hoàn cảnh,
thời gian hay vị trí của các sự vật, sự việc được nói đến.
Giới từ trong tiếng Anh là Prepositions, viết tắt là (Pre).
Có nhiều giới từ quen thuộc mà chắc chắn bạn đã biết như: in, on, behind, at, up,
for, with…
Đi sau giới từ thường là Object – Tân ngữ, Verb-ing, cụm danh từ,…
Trong câu, giới từ tiếng Anh thường ở các vị trí sau:

1.Đứng sau động từ Tobe, trước danh từ.

Ví dụ: The cat is on the bed.
2.Đứng sau động từ. Có thể liền sau động từ, hoặc bị một từ khác chen giữa.
Ví dụ: Pick up your pencil. She lives in Ha Noi.
3.Đứng sau tính từ.
Ví dụ: The teacher is angry with students because they don’t do homework.

Một số loại giới từ thường gặp trong tiếng Anh:

1. Giới từ chỉ thời gian: at (vào lúc); on (đi với ngày); in (đi với tháng, năm,
mùa, thế kỉ); before(trước), after(sau), during(trong suốt)...
2. Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn: at(tại), in(trong), on(trên), above(phía trên), over( bên
trên).
3. Giới từ chỉ dịch chuyển: to, into, onto, from, across(băng qua), round,
around(xung quanh), about...
4. Giới từ chỉ thể cách: without(không), with(với), instead of(thay vì),
according to(theo như), in spite of(mặc dù).
5. Giới từ chỉ mục đích: so as to(để), for, to, in order to(để).
6. Giới từ chỉ nguyên do: through(do,bởi), by means of , owing to(do,vì),
thanks to(nhờ vào), because of(vì).

II. Ví trí, chức năng và dấu hiệu nhận biết từ loại

DANH TỪ(NOUN)
Vị trí của danh từ trong câu.
1. Chủ ngữ của câu (đầu cầu, đầu mệnh đề) Maths is the subject I like best
2.Sau tính từ (good, beautiful..), She is a good teacher.
Sau tính từ sở hữu (my, your, his, her,..). His father works in hospital.
Cụm danh từ: a/ an the + (adv) + adj + N.
3. Làm tân ngữ, sau động từ I like English.
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 We are students.
4. Sau "enough" (enough +N) He didn't have enough money to buy
that car.
5. Sau các mạo từ (a, an, the) She is a teacher.
Đại từ chỉ định (this, that, these, those); This book is an interesting book.
Lượng từ (each, no, any, a few, a little,..) I have a little money to go to the movie.
6. Sau giới từ: in, on, of, with, under, at... Thanh is good at literature.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết danh từ
-ion (distribution),
-ment (development),
-er (teacher) ,
-or (actor),
-ant (accountant),
-age (marriage),
-ship (friendship),
-sm (enthusiasm),
-ity (ability),
-ness (happiness),
-dom (freedom),
-ist (terrorist),
-ian (physician),
-hood (childhood),
-ance (importance),
-ence (dependence),
-ety (society),
-ty (honesty)

TÍNH TỪ(ADJECTIVE)
Vị trí của tính từ trong câu
1. Trước danh từ: (a/an/the) + (adv) + adj +
N
2. Sau động từ liên kết: be/ seem/ appear/
feel/ taste/ look/ keep/get/ keep/ make (sb) +
adj
3. Sau "too": S+ be/ seem/look..+ too +adj..
4. Trước “enough": S + be + adj + enough..
5. Trong cấu trúc: so + adj + that
6. Dùng dưới các dạng so sánh
7. Dùng trong câu cảm thán:
My Tam is a famous singer.
Tom seems tired now
The homework keeps me busy all the
time
Coffee seems too hot for me to drink.
She is tall enough to play volleyball.
The weather was so bad that we
decided to stay at home
Meat is more expensive than fish.
How intelligent she is!
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 How + adj +S+V! What a beautiful girl!
What + (a/an) + adj +N!

Dấu hiệu nhận biết tính từ

-ful (helpful),
-less (homeless),
-ly (friendly),
-al (national),
-ble (acceptable),
-ive (active),
-ous (famous),
-ish (selfish),
-y (foggy),
-like (childlike),
-ic (scientific),
-ed (bored),
-ing (interesting),
-ary (necessary),
-ant (important),
-ent (different)

TRẠNG TỪ
Vị trí của trạng từ trong câu
1. Trước động từ thường giữa trợ động từ They seldom get up early in the
và động từ thường (đặc biệt là các trạng morning.
từ chỉ tần suất: always, usually,...) I have recently finished my homework.
I don't usually go to school late.
2. Trước tính từ: be/ feel/look.. + adv + adj She is very nice.
He looks extremely unwell.
3. Sau "too": V(thường) + too + adv ! The teacher speaks too quickly.
4. Trước "enough": V(thường) + adv + The teacher speaks slowly enough for
enough us to understand.
5. Trong cấu trúc : V(thường) + so + adv + Jack drove so fast that he caused an
that accident.
6. Đứng cuối câu (trạng từ thời gian) I finished my essay last week.
7. Thường đứng 1 mình ở đầu câu/ giữa Last summer I came back my home
câu và cách các thành phần khác của câu country.
bằng dấu “,” Its raining hard. Tom, however, goes to
school.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết trạng từ:

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Adv = adj + ly (beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly)
Ngoại lệ: Một số từ có đuôi “ly” nhưng là tính từ:
-daily: hàng ngày,
early: sớm;

elderly: già, lớn tuổi;

friendly: thân thiện,
likely: có khả năng sẽ xảy ra;
costly = đắt đỏ;
lively = sinh động,
lonelylẻ loi,
lovely = đáng yêu,
manly = nam tính;
silly = ngớ ngẩn;
ugly = xấu xí;
unlikely: không có khả năng xảy ra;
monthly: hàng tháng;
weekly: hàng tuần,
brotherly = như anh em;
comely = duyên dáng;
goodly = có duyên;
homely =giản dị,
lowly = hèn mọn,
masterly = tài giỏi;
scholarly uyên bác;
shapely = dáng đẹp,
timely = đúng lúc;
unseemly = không phù hợp.

ĐỘNG TỪ
Vị trí của trạng từ trong câu
1. Thường đứng sau chủ ngữ Lam Anh plays volleyball everyday.
2. Đứng sau trạng từ chỉ tần suất I usually get up late.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết động từ
-ate (compensate),
-ain (maintain);
-flect (reflect),
-flict (inflict);
-spect (respect),
-scrib (describe),
-ceive (deceive),
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-fy (modify),
-isel-ize (realize),
-ude (include),
-ide (devide),
dus (evade),
-tend (extend),...

I. Choose the correct word to fill in the blank:

1 They dance the Tango (beautiful / beautifully)
2 She planned their trip to Greece very (careful / carefully)
3 Jim painted the kitchen very (bad / badly)
4 She speaks very (quiet / quietly)
5 Turn the stereo down. It's too (loud / loudly)
6 He skipped________ down the road to school. (Happy / happily)
7 He drives too (fast / well)
8 She knows the road (good / well)
9 He plays the guitar (terrible / terribly)
10 We're going camping tomorrow so we have to get up (early /soon)
11 Andy doesn't often work (hard / hardly)
12 Sometimes our teacher arrives______for class. (Late / lately)
13. He is very (lazy / lazily).
12 He swore so (loud / loudly) at the top of his voice, that she didn't get any sleep all
the next night.
13. Frankly, it is very (clever / cleverly) done.
14. We hoped this war could be resolved both (quick / quickly).
15. I can sing very (well/good).
16. He speaks English very (fluent/fluently).
17.Mary dances very (beautiful/beautifully).
18.He swims very (fastly/fast).
19.They often arrive (late/lately).
20. He often drives (careless/carelessly).
22. She cooks very (good/well).
23.Jane has ….voice.( soft/softly).
24. They did their homework (badly/bad).
25. We are …of hearing his stories.( tiring/tired).
II. Choose the correct word to fill in the blank:
1. I have just bought an______ book. ( interesting/interestingly )
2. These are _______ students. ( good /well )
3. It was raining ______. ( heavy / heavily )
4. The dog looks ________ .( fierce/ fiercely )
5. He works ________. ( hard / hardly )
6. I looked________ at him .( careful /carefully )
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7. They did it very________ .( bad / badly )
8. The man was ________ injured ( serious / seriously )
9. It was really a ______party . ( awful / awfully )
10. She seemed very ________ when she saw me . ( happy / happily )

11. He does his work very _________(careless/ carelessly).

12. I am _________to meet you. ( pleased/ pleasing).
13.It is rather ________to answer your questions. ( difficult/difficultly).
14. This horse runs very _________( fast/ fastly).
15. She sings very ________(well/ good).
16.He speaks English __________(quick/ quickly).
17. The wind blows ( strongly/ strong).
18. They did it _________( exactly / exact)
19. She has a __________voice ( beautiful/beautifully).
20. We did the test _______( bad/ badly).
(CÔ HẰNG:0369.585.686)
III.Give the correct form of the words in brackets:
1. The __________________________University of Ho Chi Minh City has a very l
arge language centre. (nation)
2. I think the prices here are ________________________ (reason)
3. This company offered a lot of __________________________ jobs. (attract)
4. The ______________ work in Con Moong Cave area has been carried out for
several years. (EXCAVATE)(đào, khai quật)
5. These chemicals are _________________.They can cause death or illness
if taken into the body. (poison)
6. If you are ______________when you write your composition, you will
probably get a good grade. (care)
7. There have been many _________________________ developments in this cent
ury. (wonder)
8. English has become an _________________________ means of communication.
(effect)
9. “Time” is an American _______________________ news magazine. (week)
10. Don’t be afraid of the dog. He’s _______________________ (harm)

IV.Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the following questions.
1. The water is _____. You can't drink it.
A. polluted B. pollution C. polluting D. pollutant
2. I am very _______ in the news.
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interests
3. Many spacemen could never get back to the Earth because of ____ accidents.
A. tragedy B. tragic C. tragically D. tragedies
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4. They have no _____ for help.
A. expectation B. expect C. expectative D. expectancy
5. Boys and girls may behave _____ in this situation.
A. difference B. differing C. different D. differently
6. All of us were _____ that he was successful in the final exam.
A. surprising B. surprisingly C. surprise D. surprised

7. One recent ________ in medicine is the development of laser in treating cancer.

A. achievements B. achievement C. achiever D. achieved
8. You have to be aware of the damage humans are doing to quicken the ___ of
wildlife.
A. extinct B. extinctive C. extinctions D. extinction
9. He was finally _________ in his final attempt.
A. successful B. successive C. unsuccessful D. success
10. They did everything possible to _______ the police force.
A. strengthen B. strengthening C. strength D. stronger
11. I spent a(n)________ night because of my toothache. I’m very tired now.
A. sleepy B. sleeping C. sleepless D. asleep
12. His low scores in the mock tests ______ him quite a lot.
A. courageous B. encouraging C. discouraged D. encouragement
13. The waste from the chemical factory is extremely ________.
A. harmed B. unharmed C. harmful D. harmless
14. The restaurant is now under new ________.
A. manager B. manageable C. management D. manager
15. The problem of ________ among young people is hard to solve.
A. employment B. employers C. employees D. unemployment
16. The _________ of old buildings should be taken into consideration.
A. preserve B. preservation C. preservative D. preserves
17. He became one of the most ________ actors in Vietnam.
A. success B. successful C. successfully D. successive
18. Smoke from cigarettes can even do harm to _________.
A. smoking B. smokers C. nonsmokers D. smoky
19. You should eat more. You’re a bit _________.
A. underweight B. overweight C. weightless D. weighty
20. You should _________ yourselves with some grammatical terms.
A. familiar B. familiarity C. unfamiliar D. familiarize
21. Although some societies are __undeveloped, their languages, from a linguist’s
point of view, are very complex.
A. technology B. technologically C. technological D. technologist
22. The ________ was a success; the patient will fully recover in a month’s time.
A. operate B. operation C. operator D. operating
23. I like my work because I have the ________ to make my own decision.
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 A. freed B. freedom C. freely D. free
24. That teacher is a(n) _______ one. His pupils like his sense of humor.
A. amusing B. amused C. amusement D. self-amused
25. The road has just been ______ for better flows of traffic.
A. width B. wide C. widely D. widened
26. She wants to look ______ in her wedding reception.
A. natural B. naturally C. nature D. natured
27. Scientific progress supplies us with ______ such as washing machines, tractors,….
A. convenient B. conveniences C. inconvenience D. inconveniences

28. He was _________ in his final attempt. What a pity for him!
A. successful B. successive C. unsuccessful D. success
29. You have to wear special clothes to work in the lab for the ________ of yourself.
A. protective B. protector C. protection D. protectiveness
30. There are many interesting _________ events included in this book.
A. historical B. historically C. historian D. history
31. The ________ will judge you on your quality and performance.
A. examining B. examinees C. examiners D. examination
32. Some animals are now ____________. We need to find ways to protect them.
A. dangerous B. dangerously C. in danger D. danger
33. People who are out of work are ____________.
A. unemployed B. unemployment C. employed D. employee
34. The old man has saved a lot of money for his _____________.
A. retire B. retiring C. retirement D. retired
35. We had a _________ discussion about football.
A. bore B. boring C. bored D. boredom
36. She gave a long ___________ about unemployment in Vietnam.
A. lecturer B. lecturing C. lectured D. lecture
37. Money doesn't always bring ____________.
A. happy B. happily C. happiest D. happiness
38. His _________ makes his parents happy.
A. success B. successful C. succeed D. succeeded
39. Mary and her younger sister have many __________.
A. different B. difference C. differ D. differences.
40. The weather this month______ him because it has been raining most of the time.
A. disappoints B. disappointing C. disappointed D. disappointment
41. This job is______ and a lot of young people like it.
A. attraction B. attracted C. attract D. attractive
42. This shirt is good and its price is______
A. reason B. reasonable C. reasonably D. reasoning
43. Bill is a good driver. He usually drives………………..
A. carefully B. carelessly C. careful D. careless
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44. She is a very famous stamp________ in England.
A. collection B. collective C. collector D. collect
45. Now we are still looking for the ________ to the problem of traffic accidents.
A. solve B. solver C. solution D. solvable
V. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the following questions.

1. John cannot make a _______ to get married to Mary or stay single until he can
afford a house and a car.
a. decide b. decision c. decisive d. decisively

2. She often drives very ________ so she rarely causes accident .

a. carefully b. careful c. caring d. careless
3. All Sue’s friends and __________ came to her party .
a. relations b. Relatives c. relationship d. Related
4. My father studies about life and structure of plants and animals. He is a ……….
a. biology b. biologist c. biological d. biologically
5. She takes the …….. for running the household.
a. responsibility b. responsible c. responsibly d. responsiveness.
6. We are a very close-nit family and very ….. of one another.
a. supporting b. supportive c. support d. supporter
7. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. irresponsible
8. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high
school.
a. biology b. biological c. biologist d. biologically
9. Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are
seldom in __.
a. agree b. agreeable c. agreement d. agreeably
10. The more _______ and positive you look, the better you will feel.
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a. confide b. confident c. confidently d. confidence
11. My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _______ by next week.
a. marry b. married c. marriageable d. marriage
12. London is home to people of many _______ cultures.
a. diverse b. diversity c. diversify d. diversification
13. Some people are concerned with physical ______ when choosing a wife or
husband.
a. attractive b. attraction c.attractiveness d.attractively
14. Mrs. Pike was so angry that she made a _______ gesture at the driver.
a. rude b. rudeness c. rudely d. rudest
15. She sent me a _______ letter thanking me for my invitation.
a. polite b. politely c. politeness d. impoliteness
16. He is unhappy because of his --------------.
a. deaf b. deafen c. deafness d. deafened
17. His country has -------------- climate.
a. continent b. continental c. continence d. continentally
18. She has a -------------- for pink.
a. prefer b. preferential c. preferentially d. preference
19. Computers are -------------- used in schools and universities.
a. widely b. wide c. widen d. width
20. I sometimes do not feel -------------- when I am at a party.
a. comfort b. comfortable c. comforted d. comfortably
21. English is the language of --------------.
a. communicative b. communication c. communicate d. communicatively

22. I have to do this job because I have no --------------.

a. choose b. choice c. choosing d. chosen
23. English is used by pilots to ask for landing -------------- in Cairo.
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a. instruct b. instructors c. instructions d. instructive
24. He did some odd jobs at home --------------.
a. disappointment b. disappoint c. disappointed d. disappointedly
25. Don’t be afraid. This snake is --------------.
a. harm b. harmful c. harmless d. unharmed
26. During his --------------, his family lived in the United State.
a. child b. childhood c. childish d. childlike
27. Jack London wrote several -------------- novels on adventure.
a. interest b. interestedly c. interesting d. interested
28. He failed the final exam because he didn’t make any -------------- for it.
a. prepare b. preparation c. preparing d. prepared
29. The custom was said to be a matter of --------------.
a. convenient b. convenience c. conveniently d. convene
30. She is -------------- in her book.
a. absorbed b. absorbent c. absorptive d. absorb
31. As she is so -------------- with her present job, she has decided to leave.
a. satisfy b. satisfied c. satisfying d. unsatisfied

***CHÚ Ý!
-MỖI CHUYÊN ĐỀ LÀ 1 PHẦN HỌC QUAN TRỌNG ,HỌC
SINH CẦN HỌC KỸ LÝ THUYẾT TRƯỚC KHI LÀM BÀI
TẬP.

-LUÔN LÀM ĐỦ BÀI TẬP CÔ GIAO VỀ NHÀ.

-TRA TỪ GHI RA VỞ HỌC ĐỂ NÂNG CAO VỐN TỪ VỰNG.

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