: (be) going to + inf ‫ ﺍﳴﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬.

: ( ‫ ا‬ ‫ م‬) ‫ ا‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ار ا‬‫او ا‬‫ أو ا‬‫ ا‬  .1
( am, is, are + verb + ing )  ‫رع ا‬‫ن ا‬ She is going to buy a new computer. She has already made her plan.
:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬. I'm going to buy a new car, I intend to do that . (Intention)
.‫ء ا‬‫ث أ‬ ‫ث‬   ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬.1 ‫ ﺍﻭ ﺷـﻰ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺷـﻚ‬/think /believe/ ‫ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ) ﻧﺮﺍﺓ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻭ ﻧﺴﻤﻌﻪ ﻣـﻊ ﻛﻠﻤـﺎﺕ‬.2
My brother is reading a book at the moment : take care /look!/ watch out ! /lookout!/ l‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ‬
، ‫ة ط‬  ‫ ا‬‫د‬‫دات ا‬ ) ‫ة‬‫ أو ا‬‫دات ا‬‫ او ا‬‫ا‬‫اث او ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬.2 E.g. 1-There are a lot of clouds. I think It is going to rain.
."today ‫" أو‬these days"  ‫ات‬  ‫ا‬ ‫ م‬ ً .(‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬Watch out! The baby is going to fall.
:‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ ا‬.3
(arrangements) ‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬  ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬ - 3
:  ‫ت‬ ‫ ذ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ و‬،  ‫ت‬ ‫د‬‫ و‬  ‫ ا‬  ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ا‬ -1
I am travelling to Aswan next week. It is arranged.
arranged /made arrangements / prepared / booked /packed reserved / got / bought
 ‫م‬‫ا وا‬ ‫ث‬  ‫ج او‬‫م‬‫ ا‬  constantly ‫ و‬always  ‫ت‬  ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬-4 They are flying to Paris next Friday. They bought the tickets
:  ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬‫ و‬‫اس و‬‫ وا‬‫د وا‬‫راء وا‬‫ وا‬‫اط‬‫روا‬‫ل ا‬‫ أ‬   – 6 ‫ت‬  ‫ و‬ ‫ا‬‫رات و‬‫ وز‬‫واج و‬‫د وا‬ ‫د‬‫ت وأ‬  ‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬ -2
love hate prefer realize think (= believe) understand wish want We are giving a party tomorrow for Mona's birthday
recognize remember suppose mean own belong agree smell sound .‫ث ا‬   ‫ م‬‫ ا‬   ‫رة‬   -4
: ‫ ا‬ ‫ار‬‫ ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ه ا‬   ‫ ان‬ ‫و‬ - I can't meet you tomorrow as I am doing the shopping.
E.g I have a car ( ‫)ا‬  But I'm having breakfast.( ‫ول‬‫)ا‬ The Future Perfect ‫ ا‬‫ا‬
E.g. I think Ali is clever. (‫ )ا‬I'm thinking of buying a car( ‫)ا‬ :Form ‫ ا‬.
E.g. he sees some birds in the sky. (‫ى‬) I'm seeing the doctor tonight() will +have + p.p ‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺎم ﻣﻦ‬
E.g. My dad looks happy. (‫و‬) I'm looking for my book(/) Ex-in a week's time ,I’ll have written the report.
E.g. Nada is very tired. (‫ن‬) heba is being stupid these days(‫ف‬/) :Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.2
E.g. This cake tastes delicious. (‫اق‬ ) I'm tasting the soup (‫وق‬) ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻭ ﰎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻣﻌﲔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬1.
-By this time next week, I will have heard my test results
‫ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬- 1 ‫ﻳﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺷﻮﻑ )ﺳﻮﻑ ﻻ( ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻛﺘﻤﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﺧﺮ ﻓﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬.2
:Form ‫ ا‬.1 ► By the time my father arrives, I'll have finished my homework.
will ('ll)/won't + inf ‫ ﯾﺗﻛون اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل اﻟﺑﺳﯾط ﻣن‬. :Key words ‫ا‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬.3
:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.2 :‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍﺕ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
:‫ﻧﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل اﻟﺑﺳﯾط ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺑﯾر ﻋن‬ 1- In+ ‫ ﻓﺘﺮة زﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬ in (a year's / four months' / five weeks' / an hour's / ten
Next year, I will be 19 years old. :Future facts (‫) ا‬  .1 minutes' /….) time
2- By + ‫ ﻓﺘﺮة ﻣﺤﺪدة‬ By ( next Monday / 2020 / then / ‫ﺣﯿﻨﺌﺬ‬
ٍ the end of next week
Your bag looks heavy. I Will help you carry it. :Offering help ‫ة‬ ‫ض‬ .2 / month / year / the end of this lesson…etc)
E.g. Will you help me do my homework, please? :Asking for help ‫ة‬ ‫ ط‬.3 3- In + (2025) ‫……………… وﻗﺖ ﻣﺤﺪد‬for + ‫ﻓﺘﺮة زﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬
4.before, till/until , by the time
I think it will rain tomorrow. :Prediction (‫ون د‬ )‫ ا‬.4 ‫ﻻﺣظ اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟرواﺑط اﻻﺗﯾﺔ‬
Someone is knocking on the door. I'll see who is there :Quick decision ‫ار ا‬‫ ا‬.5   Till/until  ‫رع‬
Will have + p.p By the time/before  ‫رع‬ ‫او‬
take your umbrella with you or you will get wet :Warning ‫ ا‬.6
► Before he arrives, I'll have completed the report.
Look at these clouds. it will probably rain  ‫وف‬‫د ظ‬‫ و‬  ‫ د‬ -7  ‫رع‬‫ ا‬  ‫ا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ ا‬  ‫ل‬‫ك ا‬ 
Definitely/certainly/probably want, expect, hope, predict, wish, need, etc.
take your umbrella with you or you will get wet :Warning ‫ ا‬.6 To + have + p.p ‫ وﻧﺿﻊ‬will ‫وﻋﻧد اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل اﻟﺗﺎم ﻧﻠﻐﻰ‬
To + have been+ p.p ‫وﻓﻰ اﻟﻣﺟﮭول‬
Look at these clouds. it will probably rain  ‫وف‬‫د ظ‬‫ و‬  ‫ د‬ -7
Definitely/certainly/probably ► By 2030, we expect to have built flats for all people in Egypt.
‫ ا‬‫وا‬‫ ا‬
after/ As soon as/ When / ( ‫رع‬) +
Before / By the time (  ‫رع‬) ‫او‬ Will+ inf
 1 Comparative and superlative adjectives 4

be    ‫ أو‬  ‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫دة‬ ‫ا‬
He bought a smart phone last night. (Always- often- never-usually/every.... ‫رع ا‬‫ت ا‬  ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬
The animal I saw in the field was frightening. )‫ ا‬ ‫دة‬  ‫ل‬1-
:‫ل‬ ‫ و‬  ‫ل ا‬‫ا‬
E.g. When he was a child, he walked to school everyday.
look ‫و‬ seem ‫و‬ / appear ‫و‬ / sound ‫و‬ / taste ‫اق‬  feel   smell ‫ را‬ 2.used to + inf
‫ن‬‫ ا‬   ‫ او‬‫ او رو‬‫ا‬( ‫ن‬‫ث ا‬  ‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ث‬ ‫م‬ ‫دة‬   ) ‫د أن‬‫ ا‬ ‫ م‬
The food tasted delicious. The cloth feels smooth. That sounds great
- I used to play football when I was young - He used to be a driver, but now he isn’t.

:‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬ (‫رم‬‫ )ا‬‫م‬‫ ا‬‫ر‬‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬‫م‬
‫ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬+ used to + inf . , but now + ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬
‫ت‬‫رم‬  - 1 Sama's mother used to be a teacher, but now she works in a bank.
This shirt is small. I need a bigger one. He used to be lazy , but now he isn't
3.would + inf
. ‫ أو‬ ‫ أو‬  ‫رم‬ -2 ‫ء‬‫ ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ او‬‫ا‬‫ء ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ر‬‫ ا‬‫ك ا‬‫دات وا‬‫ ا‬  Would + inf
Nasi goreng is spicier than many other Indonesian meals. At weekends, my father would go and buy fruit and also he would buy me sweets.
.‫ء‬    -3 Didn't use to + inf / never used to+ inf ‫ م‬‫ ا‬
He is feeling happier. My brother is getting better.
‫ﻻﺣــــظ أن‬
more ‫ و‬‫ وا‬  ‫م‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬ less ‫ا‬‫ إ‬  used to + ‫ر‬ = was / were / got used to + v.ing / ‫اري = ا‬ ‫ف‬‫ ظ‬+   - 1
Hoda is taller than Nada. Nada is less tall than Hoda - I used to go to school in Paris - I was used to
:‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬ (‫ )ا‬‫ ا‬‫ر‬‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬‫م‬ going to school in Paris
- I got used to going to school in Paris - I always went to
(‫ء‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬ ‫ص أو‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬ ) ‫ء أو أ‬‫ص أو أ‬‫ أ‬ ‫رم‬  -1
school in Paris
He bought the most expensive suit in the shop. ‫ وﯾﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌدھﺎ اﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺿﺎرع اﻟﺑﺳﯾط‬used to ‫ ﺑدﻻ ﻣـن‬no longer ‫ ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم‬-2
‫ص‬‫( أ‬ ‫ ا‬/ ‫ ا‬/ ‫( ) ا‬‫ء ا‬‫ ) ا‬extremes ‫ و‬ -2 - He used to live here =He no longer lives here.
Mount Everest is the highest mountain on earth. ‫ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻔﻰ اﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺿﺎرع اﻟﺑﺳﯾط و ﺗﺄﺗﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬used to ‫ ﺑدﻻ ﻣن‬any longer ‫ ـ‬anymore ‫ ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم‬-3
‫اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫ك‬ ‫ ا‬‫و‬ ‫ او ا‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ اذا‬  ‫ات ا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ء م‬‫ص وا‬‫ ا‬ ‫رم‬‫ ا‬ - He used to live here.= - He doesn’t live here anymore.
:  ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ او‬ ‫رف‬
Past Perfect ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻰ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﻡ‬
‫ول‬‫ ا‬‫رم‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬+exactly the same (noun) as + ‫م‬‫ ا‬‫رم‬‫ ا‬‫و‬
had + p.p. ‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ اﻟﺘﺎم ﻣﻦ‬
 ‫ او‬  ‫ق‬ ‫ن ام‬ ‫ا ا‬  After I had done my homework, I went to bed.
 your car is exactly the same colour as my car. ‫ ﻓﯿﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ اﻟﺤﺪث اﻷول ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ اﻟﺘﺎم واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻰ‬.‫ ا‬ ‫ث آ‬  ‫ث و‬  ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ - 1
 Hany is as tall as Ali .they are exactly the same height. ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ‬
2. almost as +  + as slightly/a bit/a little + ‫رم‬  + than
ِ s soon as/because
1-After /A ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴـﻴـﻂ‬.
 ‫ او‬  ‫ا‬  ‫رق‬‫ن ان ا‬ ‫ا ا‬  
 Reham thinks that her friend is slightly prettier than her. ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴـﻴـﻂ‬ After /as soon as/because ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗـﺎﻡ‬
 traveling by train is a little/ a bit cheaper than traveling by car. 2-Before/ by the time/when ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗﺎﻡ‬.
3. much/ a lot/ far + ‫ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬+ than ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗﺎﻡ‬ Before/ by the time/when ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬
 ‫ او‬  ‫ا‬ ‫رق‬‫ن ان ا‬ ‫ا ا‬  
3-‫(ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ‬didn't +inf ) till – until ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗﺎﻡ‬
Her illness was far more serious than we expected. Ex-After/as soon as I had done my homework, I watched TV .
 before/ by the time I watched TV ,I had done my homework.
 I didn't watch TV (till / until) I had done my homework.
 ‫ وا‬‫ م‬ ‫م‬‫ ( و‬‫ او‬ ‫ث‬ ) ‫ ا‬  ‫وث‬ ‫ر‬/  (because/as)  ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ : 2 . wouldn’t I ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ و‬I’d ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬ 
:‫ض‬‫ ا‬ I’d go alone, wouldn’t I ? he 'd rather come early, wouldn't he?
He went to hospital because he had eaten bad food.
.‫ ﻧﺿﻊ اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺻﯾﻐﺔ اﺳﺗﻔﮭﺎم‬no sooner/hardly/scarcely ‫إذا ﺑدأت اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ ﺑــ‬ . hadn’t ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ better ‫ او‬  ‫’ و‬d ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬ 
No sooner than I’d sent the letter, hadn’t I ? - You'd better study hard, hadn't you?
Scarcely had  P.P when   . aren’t I ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ I’m ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬ 
Hardly did  ‫ر‬ when I’m a teacher, aren’t I ?

E.g. No sooner had they finished painting our new house than we moved into it. . am I ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ I’m not ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬ 
I’m not a doctor, am I ?
. ‫اح‬‫ إ‬  ‫م‬ shall we - shan’t we ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ Let’s  ‫أت ا‬ ‫إذا‬ 
noun ‫ ( او‬v.ing)    After/ before    ‫ اذا‬- 1
Let’s go swimming , shall we / shan’t we ?
Ex- After doing the shopping , she returned home
after/as soon as + S + had + P.P\ ‫ن‬‫د‬ Having + P.P ‫دم‬  2 . ‫ أ‬  ‫م‬ . will you - won’t you ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ Let us  ‫أت ا‬ ‫إذا‬ 
After/as soon as + ‫ل‬ + had + P.P= Having + p.p = V.ing +   Let us go swimming, will you / won’t you ?

: ‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ذة ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫م‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ 3 . it ‫ال ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ن ا‬ This or That ‫ن ا‬ ‫إذا‬ 
……..discovered\found\realized\knew\remembered\heard…..S.+ had + P.P This is my car, isn’t it ?
‫ ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ز‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ان‬‫ن ا‬‫ ا‬‫ أ‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ز‬  ‫ أو‬‫ى و‬‫ث ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ ا‬ ‫ء‬ ‫اذا‬
. they ‫ال ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ن ا‬ These or Those ‫ن ا‬ ‫إذا‬ 
When I arrived at the station I found that the train had left the station.
:‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬After that ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗﺎﻡ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ‬Before that ‫ ﻳﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ‬:4 These are mine, aren’t they ? /Those are my socks, aren't they?

By +( ‫)ﻓﱰﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻰ‬ ‫ ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺗﺎﻡ‬: 5 . ‫ال ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬  ‫ م‬‫ م‬There ‫ن ا‬ ‫إذا‬ 
By ‫ ﻗﺑل‬+ (midnight /yesterday / 1990/ the age of 12) , sub + had + p.p There is a car over there, isn’t there ? There are flowers in the garden, aren't
(‫ن‬‫د‬‫ن ا‬ ‫رق ز‬ ‫د‬‫و‬  )‫د‬ ‫ر‬‫ذه ا‬ ‫دم‬ 6 there?
. it ‫ن ا‬ Everything, Something, Nothing ‫ن ا‬ ‫إذا‬ 
After /as soon as/ when ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴـﻴـﻂ‬.
When she saw a snake in front of her, she cried. Everything is right , isn't it ? - Nothing can be done now, can it
?
‫ن ا‬ Everyone, body - Someone, body - No one, body ‫ن ا‬ ‫ إذا‬
. they
‫ ا‬‫ و‬‫ أو ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬  Everyone watched the match, didn’t they ? – No one played well , did they?
‫ة او ا‬‫ل ا‬‫ا‬ . ‫ ا‬ did ‫رع و‬‫ ا‬ do or does ‫ م‬‫ أ‬ v. to Have ‫ء‬ ‫إذا‬ 
am / is / are / was / were / do / does / did / have / has / had / can / shall / will /
could / may/ must / might / should / would I have a new car, don't I ? - He has a lot of money, doesn't he ?
 +  ‫ أو م‬ +  . will you – won't you ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ أ‬‫ ا‬‫م‬ ‫ إذا‬
 +  ‫ أو م‬  + 
Shut the door, will you / won't you ?
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈــﺎﺕ ﻋــﺎﻣـﺔ‬
 never – rarely – hardly – seldom – nor – neither -  ‫ي‬ ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ .  ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ I don't think ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬ 
 ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ أن‬ ‫ و‬  I don't think he is bad, is he ?
He never smokes, does he ? Maha hardly studies, does she?
.  ‫ال ا‬‫ن ا‬ ‫اى‬‫ ا‬  I believe ‫ أو‬in my opinion ‫او‬I think ‫ءت‬ ‫ إذا‬
. ‫ال ا‬‫ ا‬ has ‫ م‬  ‫ و‬  ’s ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬  I think he is bad, isn't he ? - In my opinion they can win the match, can't they?
she 's finished cooking, hasn't she? Ali thinks that I will phone him tomorrow, doesn't he?‫ راى‬ ‫ و‬‫د‬  ‫ ام‬
 Adverbs‫وف‬‫ا‬ ‫ او‬  ‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ أو ا‬‫ ( ا‬which/that) - -3
.‫ آ‬ ‫ أو‬ ‫ أو‬  ‫ت‬  ‫رة‬  ‫ال‬‫وف أو ا‬‫ا‬ The film which ( that ) I watched last week was boring.
Ahmed walks slowly) .(v. + adv ) She is incredibly clever) .(adv. + adj.) . that ‫ ( و‬which )   ‫ أو‬‫ ا‬   ‫ف ا‬ 
Hany speaks very angrily. (adv. + adv.) He made a bad mistake for which he had to apologise..
This is the article in which she writes about science.
: (ly)  ‫ن‬ ‫وف ا‬‫ ظ‬‫وف و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ا‬
.    ‫ر إ‬ (which) ‫دم‬ ‫ن أن‬ -(‫م‬)-
adverb adjective adverb adjective - He came first, which made his parents very happy.
kindly kind quietly quiet  ‫ن و‬‫ ا‬ ‫( و‬‫ او م‬‫ا‬  ‫ن او‬   ‫ن )و‬‫ ا‬ where --4
loudly loud quickly quick This is the house where we live. Alex is a nice city where I like to live
‫ ا‬  ‫ و‬‫( ا‬)  ‫ م‬ ( ‫ذة‬)‫وف‬‫ ا‬  ‫ف ا‬ ‫ ( و‬where ) ‫ م‬‫( و‬which ) ‫ن م‬‫ ا‬ ‫ل‬  ‫ف‬ ‫د‬‫ و‬ ‫ـ‬: ‫ﻻﺣــﻆ‬
Late early hard fast high low free enough right wrong daily weekly ‫ ا‬‫او‬
Straight near monthly yearly e.g. This is the house which we live in . This is the house in which/ Where we live .
The lake is deep. adj. They went deep into the forest. adv.   ‫ء‬‫ ا‬.‫ن‬‫ف ا‬‫ر‬  ‫ت‬ ‫ل ) او‬ ‫س‬‫ل و‬ ‫د‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ن إذا‬‫ ا‬ (which ) ‫ـ م‬
There is enough food in the fridge. Adj .He isn’t tall enough to play basketball. adv. Cairo, which is very crowded , is the capital of Egypt.
Adverbs of degree ‫ك‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ و‬ ‫ و‬  whose 
extremely (100%)‫ﻟﻠﻐﺎﯾﺔ‬ very (90%) ً‫ﺟـﺪا‬ rather (70%)‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﯿﺮ‬ The girl whose bag was stolen was crying
whose ‫ ب‬ ‫م‬  ‫ذا ا‬ ‫ و‬  ‫ت‬‫ ا‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ ان‬
quite (50%)‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬ fairly (30%)‫ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻗﻠﯿﻠﺔ‬ slightly(10%)‫ﺟﺪا‬ً ‫ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺿﺌﯿﻠﺔ‬
play, use, water, plant, love, help , wish , visit Exports work, stay, dreams, likes
‫ ا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ ( و‬‫ أ‬ – ‫ف‬‫ – ا‬‫ ) ا‬ ‫ر‬‫وف ا‬‫ ظ‬ People whose stay ended should renew it.
He is totally unacceptable. They arrived rather early.  ‫ و‬‫ ز‬ ‫و‬. ( ‫ ) ا‬‫ ا‬ (when) - 5 
I don’t quite understand what you mean. It's the month July when we go on holiday.
‫ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﺔ‬extremely / quite / rather / really / very / fairly ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫رف‬ ‫ ( و‬when ) ‫دم‬ ‫( و‬which) ‫دم‬ ‫ن‬‫ز‬‫ ا‬ ‫دل‬ ‫ر‬ ‫رف‬ ‫ود‬‫د و‬  ‫ظ‬
I'm very tired. The film was quite frightening. ‫د‬ ‫ او‬ ‫ر‬‫ا‬
‫ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﻘﻮﯾﺔ‬totally / absolutely / completely / really ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ Friday is the day on which/When I visit my relatives in our village.
The film was really terrifying. I was absolutely exhausted
‫ل‬ ‫س‬‫ل و‬ ‫د‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ن إذا‬‫ز‬‫ ا‬ (which ) ‫ـ م‬: ‫ﻻﺣــﻆ‬
.‫( ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ُﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﻈﺮف‬well) ‫( ﺗﺘﺤﻮل اﻟﻰ‬good) ‫ﻻﺣﻆ أن‬
He is a good teacher .He teaches well. Ex- summer is the time which is very hot.
(ly)‫ھﻨﺎك ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻨﺘﮭﻰ ﺑـ‬
friendly lovely lonely silly v.to be ‫ف‬‫ل و‬  ‫ أو‬v. to be  ‫ء‬ ‫ إذا‬‫ ا‬   who , which ‫ف‬   1
fatherly lively elderly ugly Who/Which + (v) to be + p. p = p.p
brotherly likely cowardly deadly The boy, (who was punished )punished yesterday got the worst marks.
:‫وﻹﺳﺘﺨﺪام ھﺬه اﻟﺼﻔﺎت ﻛﻈﺮوف ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺼﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ing.‫ إ‬ ‫ ا‬‫ن ا‬‫ و‬‫ ان و‬v.to be ‫ف‬‫ و‬   ‫ء‬ ‫ إذا‬who , which ‫ف‬  -2
in + a / an + adj. + way / manner Who/which + ‫ ا‬ = v. ing
His speech to me was fatherly. - He spoke to me in a fatherly way / manner. ►The man who is living (living) next door is my friend.
He is a friendly boy. He treated me in a friendly way .‫ع‬‫ا ا‬  that ‫ م‬ ‫رة ا‬ ‫ و‬ comma ‫ا‬‫ ا‬ -3
This photo, which I took, shows our house
:‫ت ا‬‫ وا‬‫ ا‬   that  - 4
: ‫ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻻﺗﻰ‬: ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ ﻫﻰ‬ All- any -every -few -little -many - much- nothing -none -some -the only
. ;  ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ و‬   (Who /that)- 1 This is the best book that I have ever read.  I gave him all news that I had.
I saw the policeman who(that) arrested the thief. ‫وى‬ ‫ور ( و‬ ‫ل او‬ ‫ او‬ ) ‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬‫ن ا‬‫د و‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ و‬‫ و‬ what  - 5
  ‫ و‬ ‫ى‬‫ ا‬‫ف ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ و‬ ‫ل‬  (whom/Who /that) -2 thing that/which
Ahmed whom ( who - that ) you met yesterday is my brother. Have you seen what I bought from London? I can't give what you need.
. who – that ‫ و‬ whom ‫ ا‬   ‫ أو‬‫ ا‬   ‫ف ا‬  ‫ـ‬: ‫ﻻﺣــﻆ‬  ‫ل‬   ‫ اذا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ف‬ .6
That's the man about whom you are talking. The fish( which/that ) we ate it yesterday was delicious.
The fish we ate it yesterday was delicious.