S.

No INDEX

1 INTRODUCTION

2 OBJECTIVE

3 COPE & LIMITATION

4 PRINCIPLE/THEORY

5 EXPERIMENT NO.1
 AIM
 REQUIREMENT
 PROCEDURE
 OBSERVATION

6 EXPERIMENT NO.2
 AIM
 REQUIREMENT
 PROCEDURE
 OBSERVATION

7
RESULT AND CONCLUSION
8
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abbreviations:-

 M/10 :-0.1 Molarity

 g :-Gram
 NaOH:-Sodium hydroxide
 HCl:-Hydrochloric acid
 N:-Newton

INTRODUCTION

Fibre is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces,
similar to lengths of thread. A fiber is an elongated tapering thick-
walled plant cell that imparts elasticity, flexibility, and tensile strength. Tensile strength of
fibres can be determined by hanging weights tied toit and comparing the weight a string can
hold.
Traditionally, natural fibers
have been used in all cultures for making utilitarian products. Different parts of the plant are
used. Fibers can be extracted from the bark (banana, jute, hemp, andramie), stem (banana,
palm, and bamboo), leaf (palm, screw pine, sisal, agave),husk (coir), seeds (cotton), and grass
(sikki, madhurkati, benakati, munj).Animal fibers are obtained from a variety of animal coats,
and insect fibers from
Cocoons.

Even before the arrival of man-made fibers, manufacturers could create hundreds of different
kinds of fabrics, differing mainly by fiber content, weight,style of weave, or sheen. Here are
just a few of these historic fabrics, along with the natural fiber from which they were
originally made (nearly all can be madenow with other fibers, either natural or
synthetic).They are very important in the biology of both plants and animals, for holding
tissues together.

Human uses for fibers are diverse. They can be spun into filaments, string, or rope, used as a
component of composite materials, or matted into sheets to make products such as paper or
felt. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering
materials are generally made as fibers, for example carbon fiber and Ultra-high-molecular-
weight polyethylene.

The history of man-made fibers is less than a century old; until 1910, there were no synthetic
or chemical fibers. Today, by mixing different components, manufacturers can take the basic
fibers listed below and make them more waterproof or more absorbent, warmer or cooler,
thicker or thinner, stiffer or more supple. Some, like polyester and spandex, combine well
with natural fibers, making fabrics that wrinkle less or are more form-fitting. Synthetic fibers
can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for
clothing natural fibers can give some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic
counterparts