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Microsoft Office
365

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 Final PDF to printer

chapter 5 Skill 1.4 Entering and Editing Text and

Working with Reports and Numbers in Cells EX-10
Collaborating with Others WD-174 Skill 1.5 Applying Number Formats EX-12
Skill 5.1 Creating a New Document
Skill 1.6 Entering Dates and Applying
Using a Template WD-175
Date Formats EX-14
Skill 5.2 Using the Thesaurus WD-177
Skill 1.7 Inserting Data Using AutoFill EX-16
Skill 5.3 Using AutoCorrect WD-178
Skill 1.8 Exploring Charts EX-18
Skill 5.4 Inserting a Table of Contents WD-180
Skill 1.9 Using the Recommended
Skill 5.5 Adding Tab Leaders WD-182 Charts Feature EX-21
Skill 5.6 Adding a Caption WD-183 Skill 1.10 Entering Simple Formulas EX-24
Skill 5.7 Inserting Footnotes Skill 1.11 Understanding Absolute
and Endnotes WD-184 and Relative References EX-26
Skill 5.8 Using Researcher WD-186 Skill 1.12 Using Functions in Formulas EX-28
Skill 5.9 Selecting a Reference Style WD-188 Skill 1.13 Using AutoSum to Insert a
SUM Function EX-29
Skill 5.10 Adding Citations
to Documents WD-190 Skill 1.14 Calculating Totals with the
Quick Analysis Tool EX-30
Skill 5.11 Using the Source Manager WD-192
Skill 5.12 Creating a Bibliography WD-193 Skill 1.15 Using the Status Bar EX-32

Skill 5.13 Marking Entries WD-194 Skill 1.16 Changing the Zoom Level EX-33

Skill 5.14 Creating an Index WD-195 Skill 1.17 Creating a New Workbook
Using a Template EX-35
Skill 5.15 Using Track Changes WD-196
Skill 1.18 Arranging Workbooks EX-38
Skill 5.16 Working with Comments WD-198
Skill 1.19 Checking Spelling EX-40
Skill 5.17 Hiding and Showing
Changes in a Document WD-201 Skill 1.20 Previewing and Printing
a Worksheet EX-41
Skill 5.18 Accepting and Rejecting
Changes in a Document WD-203
chapter 2
Skill 5.19 Locking Track Changes WD-205 Formatting Cells EX-58
Skill 5.20 Using Read Mode WD-207
Skill 2.1 Cutting, Copying, and
Skill 5.21 Changing How Pages Scroll WD-209 Pasting Cell Content EX-59
Skill 2.2 Using Paste Options EX-61
excel 365 Skill 2.3 Inserting and Deleting Cells EX-63
chapter 1 Skill 2.4 Wrapping Text in Cells EX-66
Getting Started with Excel EX-2
Skill 2.5 Using Undo and Redo EX-67
Skill 1.1 Introduction to Excel EX-3
Skill 2.6 Aligning Cells EX-68
Skill 1.2 Navigating a Workbook EX-5
Skill 2.7 Merging Cells and Splitting
Skill 1.3 Working in Protected View EX-8 Merged Cells EX-70

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Skill 2.8 Applying Bold, Italic, Skill 3.7 Formatting Text Using
and Underline EX-72 Functions EX-118
Skill 2.9 Changing Fonts, Font Size, Skill 3.8 Using CONCAT to
and Font Color EX-74 Combine Text EX-119

Skill 2.10 Adding Borders EX-76 Skill 3.9 Using TEXTJOIN to

Combine Text EX-120
Skill 2.11 Adding Shading with Fill Color EX-78
Skill 3.10 C
 reating Formulas Referencing
Skill 2.12 Applying Cell Styles EX-80 Data from Other Worksheets EX-121
Skill 2.13 Using Format Painter EX-81 Skill 3.11 Naming Ranges of Cells EX-123
Skill 2.14 Applying Conditional Formatting Skill 3.12 Working with Named Ranges EX-125
Using the Quick Analysis Tool EX-82
Skill 3.13 U
 pdating Named Ranges
Skill 2.15 Applying Conditional Formatting with the Name Manager EX-126
with Data Bars, Color Scales,
Skill 3.14 E
 diting and Deleting Names
and Icon Sets EX-84
with the Name Manager EX-127
Skill 2.16 Applying Conditional Formatting
Skill 3.15 Using the Logical Function IF EX-129
with Highlight Cells Rules EX-86
Skill 3.16 C
 alculating Loan Payments
Skill 2.17 Applying Conditional Formatting Using the PMT Function EX-131
with Top/Bottom Rules EX-87
Skill 3.17 F
 inding Data Using the
Skill 2.18 Removing Conditional VLOOKUP Function EX-133
Formatting EX-88
Skill 3.18 Checking Formulas for Errors EX-135
Skill 2.19 Clearing Cell Content EX-89
Skill 3.19 F
 inding Errors Using
Skill 2.20 Using Find and Replace EX-90 Trace Precedents and Trace
Dependents EX-137
Skill 2.21 Replacing Formatting EX-92
Skill 3.20 Displaying and
Skill 2.22 Setting and Clearing the Printing Formulas EX-139
Print Area EX-94

chapter 4
chapter 3 Formatting Worksheets and
Using Formulas and Functions EX-108 Managing the Workbook EX-158
Skill 3.1 Using the Function Arguments Skill 4.1 Inserting Worksheets EX-159
Dialog to Enter Functions EX-109
Skill 4.2 Naming Worksheets EX-160
Skill 3.2 Using Formula AutoComplete
to Enter Functions EX-112 Skill 4.3 Changing the Color of
Sheet Tabs EX-161
Skill 3.3 Calculating Averages EX-113
Skill 4.4 Moving and Copying
Skill 3.4 Finding Minimum and Worksheets EX-162
Maximum Values EX-114
Skill 4.5 Deleting Worksheets EX-164
Skill 3.5 Using Date and Time
Functions EX-115 Skill 4.6 Grouping Worksheets EX-165
Skill 3.6 Creating Formulas Using Skill 4.7 Inserting and Deleting
Counting Functions EX-116 Rows and Columns EX-166

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Skill 4.8 Applying Themes EX-168 Skill 5.9 Filtering Chart Data EX-218
Skill 4.9 Modifying Column Widths Skill 5.10 Inserting Sparklines EX-220
and Row Heights EX-170
Skill 5.11 Converting Data into Tables EX-222
Skill 4.10 Freezing and Unfreezing
Rows and Columns EX-172 Skill 5.12 Applying Quick Styles
to Tables EX-224
Skill 4.11 Hiding and Unhiding Rows
and Columns EX-173 Skill 5.13 Adding Total Rows to Tables EX-225

Skill 4.12 Hiding and Unhiding Skill 5.14 Removing Duplicate Rows
Worksheets EX-174 from Tables EX-226

Skill 4.13 Splitting Workbooks EX-176 Skill 5.15 Sorting Data EX-227

Skill 4.14 Changing the Worksheet View EX-177 Skill 5.16 Filtering Data EX-228

Skill 4.15 Adding Headers and Footers EX-178 Skill 5.17 Filtering Table Data
with Slicers EX-230
Skill 4.16 Inserting Page Breaks EX-180
Skill 5.18 Converting Tables to Ranges EX-232
Skill 4.17 Showing and Hiding
Worksheet Elements EX-182 Skill 5.19 Creating PivotTables Using
Recommended PivotTables EX-233
Skill 4.18 Changing Worksheet
Orientation EX-183 Skill 5.20 Creating a PivotChart
from a PivotTable EX-236
Skill 4.19 Setting Up Margins for Printing EX-184
Skill 5.21 Analyzing Data with
Skill 4.20 Scaling Worksheets
Data Tables EX-238
for Printing EX-185
Skill 5.22 Analyzing Data with
Skill 4.21 Printing Titles EX-186
Goal Seek EX-240
Skill 4.22 Printing Selections,
Worksheets, and Workbooks EX-187

chapter 5 access 365

Adding Charts and Analyzing Data EX-204 chapter 1
Skill 5.1 Inserting a Column Chart Getting Started with Access AC-2
or a Bar Chart EX-205 Skill 1.1 Introduction to Access AC-3
Skill 5.2 Inserting a Pie Chart EX-209 Skill 1.2 Working with Security Warnings AC-6
Skill 5.3 Inserting a Line Chart EX-210 Skill 1.3 Understanding and Viewing
Skill 5.4 Resizing and Moving Charts EX-211 Table Relationships AC-7

Skill 5.5 Applying Quick Layouts Skill 1.4 Organizing Objects in the
to Charts EX-214 Navigation Pane AC-10

Skill 5.6 Showing and Hiding Skill 1.5 Switching between Database
Chart Elements EX-215 Object Views AC-12

Skill 5.7 Applying Quick Styles and Skill 1.6 Navigating Records AC-14
Colors to Charts EX-216
Skill 1.7 Creating a New Record in
Skill 5.8 Changing the Chart Type EX-217 a Table and Entering Data AC-16

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Skill 1.8 Sorting Records in a Datasheet AC-18 Skill 2.11 Formatting Fields AC-70
Skill 1.9 Adjusting Table Column Widths AC-20 Skill 2.12 Setting the Default
Value Property AC-72
Skill 1.10 Creating a New Record in a
Form and Entering Data AC-21 Skill 2.13 Modifying the Field
Size Property AC-74
Skill 1.11 Using Undo and Redo AC-23
Skill 2.14 Applying an Input Mask AC-75
Skill 1.12 Finding and Replacing Data AC-24
Skill 2.15 Working with Attachment Fields AC-78
Skill 1.13 Deleting Records AC-26
Skill 2.16 Adding a Lookup Field from
Skill 1.14 Deleting and Renaming Another Table AC-80
Database Objects AC-27
Skill 2.17 Adding a Lookup Field
Skill 1.15 Previewing and from a List AC-84
Printing Database Objects AC-28
Skill 2.18 Creating Relationships AC-86
Skill 1.16 Backing Up a Database AC-30
Skill 2.19 Enforcing Deletions and
Skill 1.17 Creating a Database from Updates in Relationships AC-88
a Template AC-32
Skill 1.18 Creating a New Blank Database AC-34
chapter 3
Skill 1.19 Using Quick Start Using Queries and Organizing
Application Parts AC-36 Information AC-108

Skill 1.20 Using Compact and Repair AC-38 Skill 3.1 Using the Simple
Query Wizard AC-109
chapter 2 Skill 3.2 Creating a Query in
Working with Tables AC-54 Design View AC-112

Skill 2.1 Designing a Table AC-55 Skill 3.3 Adding Text Criteria to a Query AC-116

Skill 2.2 Creating and Saving a Table Skill 3.4 Adding Numeric and Date
in Datasheet View AC-58 Criteria to a Query AC-120

Skill 2.3 Renaming Fields AC-59 Skill 3.5 Using AND in a Query AC-122

Skill 2.4 Adding Fields in Datasheet View AC-60 Skill 3.6 Using OR in a Query AC-124

Skill 2.5 Using Quick Start to Add Skill 3.7 Combining AND and OR
Related Fields AC-61 in a Query AC-126

Skill 2.6 Deleting Fields in Skill 3.8 Adding a Calculated

Datasheet View AC-62 Field to a Query AC-127

Skill 2.7 Moving Fields in Skill 3.9 Specifying the Sort Order
Datasheet View AC-63 in a Query AC-130

Skill 2.8 Creating a Table in Design View Skill 3.10 Hiding and Showing Fields
and Setting the Primary Key AC-64 in a Query AC-131

Skill 2.9 Inserting, Deleting, and Moving Skill 3.11 Using a Parameter Query AC-132
Fields in Design View AC-66
Skill 3.12 Finding Unmatched Data
Skill 2.10 Changing Data Type AC-68 Using a Query AC-134

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Skill 3.13 Finding Duplicate Data Skill 4.12 Applying a Theme AC-200
Using a Query AC-137
Skill 4.13 Resizing Controls AC-201
Skill 3.14 Filtering Data Using AutoFilter AC-140
Skill 4.14 Moving and Arranging
Skill 3.15 Filtering Data Using Filter Controls AC-202
by Selection AC-142
Skill 4.15 Modifying the Layout of a
Skill 3.16 Exporting Data to Excel AC-144 Form or Report AC-204

Skill 3.17 Exporting Data to a Text File AC-146 Skill 4.16 Adding Design Elements to
Form and Report Headers AC-206
Skill 3.18 Importing Data from Excel AC-149
Skill 4.17 Adding Page Numbers to
Skill 3.19 Importing Data from a Reports AC-208
Text File AC-153
Skill 4.18 Grouping Records in a
Skill 3.20 Adding Records to a Table Report AC-209
by Importing AC-157
Skill 4.19 Adding Totals to a Report AC-211
Skill 3.21 Importing Data from an
Access Database AC-160 Skill 4.20 Previewing and Printing a
Report AC-212
Skill 3.22 Linking to a Table in an
Access Database AC-162 Skill 4.21 Controlling the Page Setup
of a Report for Printing AC-214

Skill 4.22 Exporting a Report to

chapter 4
Other Formats AC-216
Working with Forms and Reports AC-180
Skill 4.1 Creating a Single Record Form

Skill 4.2
Based on a Table or Query AC-181

Creating a Multiple Items Form AC-182

powerpoint 365
chapter 1
Skill 4.3 Creating a Split Form AC-183 Getting Started with PowerPoint PP-2
Skill 4.4 Creating a Form Using the Skill 1.1 Introduction to PowerPoint PP-3
Form Wizard AC-184
Skill 1.2 Designing Presentations PP-6
Skill 4.5 Creating a New Blank Form
in Layout View AC-187 Skill 1.3 Understanding Views PP-7

Skill 4.6 Adding Fields to a Form Skill 1.4 Working with Thumbnails PP-9
in Layout View AC-188 Skill 1.5 Creating a New Presentation
Skill 4.7 Creating a Basic Report Using a Template PP-10
Based on a Table or Query AC-191 Skill 1.6 Adding Slides to Presentations PP-12
Skill 4.8 Creating a Report Using Skill 1.7 Changing Slide Layouts PP-13
the Report Wizard AC-192
Skill 1.8 Adding Text to Slides PP-14
Skill 4.9 Creating a New Blank
Report in Layout View AC-196 Skill 1.9 Changing the Size of a
Placeholder PP-15
Skill 4.10 Adding Fields to a Report in
Layout View AC-197 Skill 1.10 Applying Character Effects PP-16

Skill 4.11 Formatting Controls AC-198 Skill 1.11 Changing Fonts and Font Sizes PP-18

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Skill 1.12 Changing the Color of Text PP-20 Skill 2.19 Aligning Objects PP-72
Skill 1.13 Using Format Painter PP-21 Skill 2.20 Moving Objects Using
Smart Guides PP-74
Skill 1.14 Clearing Formatting PP-22
Skill 2.21 Using Gridlines and the Ruler PP-75
Skill 1.15 Changing Line Spacing PP-23
Skill 2.22 Adding Audio PP-76
Skill 1.16 Aligning Text PP-24
Skill 2.23 Adding Video PP-78
Skill 1.17 Adding Columns to
Placeholders PP-26
chapter 3
Skill 1.18 Using Find PP-27
Formatting Presentations PP-96
Skill 1.19 Using Replace PP-28
Skill 3.1 Changing the Presentation
Skill 1.20 Using Undo and Redo PP-29 Theme PP-97

Skill 3.2 Customizing the Theme PP-98

chapter 2 Skill 3.3 Changing the Size of Slides PP-100
Adding Content to Slides PP-42
Skill 3.4 Changing the Color of Slide
Skill 2.1 Importing Slides from a Backgrounds PP-101
Word Outline PP-43
Skill 3.5 Applying a Pattern to Slide
Skill 2.2 Using the Outline View PP-45 Backgrounds PP-102
Skill 2.3 Using Copy and Paste PP-46 Skill 3.6 Applying a Gradient to Slide
Backgrounds PP-104
Skill 2.4 Using Cut and Paste PP-47
Skill 3.7 Using Designer PP-106
Skill 2.5 Adding Bulleted Lists PP-48
Skill 3.8 Applying Slide Transitions PP-108
Skill 2.6 Adding Numbered Lists PP-49
Skill 3.9 Applying Quick Styles to
Skill 2.7 Adding WordArt PP-50 Drawing Objects PP-110
Skill 2.8 Understanding the Content Skill 3.10 Applying Fill Colors to
Placeholder PP-51 Drawing Objects PP-111
Skill 2.9 Creating Tables in Skill 3.11 Applying Outlines to
Presentations PP-52 Drawing Objects PP-112
Skill 2.10 Adding Charts PP-54 Skill 3.12 Using the Eyedropper Tool PP-113
Skill 2.11 Adding SmartArt PP-56 Skill 3.13 Applying Quick Styles
Skill 2.12 Adding Shapes PP-58 to Tables PP-114

Skill 2.13 Inserting an Icon PP-60 Skill 3.14 Using the Picture
Styles Gallery PP-115
Skill 2.14 Adding Pictures PP-62
Skill 3.15 Applying Preset
Skill 2.15 Adding Alt Text to Pictures PP-64 Picture Effects PP-116

Skill 2.16 Adding Online Pictures PP-66 Skill 3.16 Customizing Charts PP-117

Skill 2.17 Adding 3D Models PP-68 Skill 3.17 Modifying SmartArt PP-119

Skill 2.18 Changing the Size of Images PP-70 Skill 3.18 Applying Animation Effects PP-121

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Skill 3.19 Modifying Animations PP-123 Skill 4.13 Navigating the Slide Show PP-157

Skill 3.20 Animating 3D Models PP-124 Skill 4.14 Using Presentation Tools PP-158

Skill 3.21 Using Animation Painter PP-125 Skill 4.15 Using Presenter View PP-160

Skill 4.16 Recording a Slide Show PP-161

chapter 4
Skill 4.17 Printing Presentations PP-163
Managing and Delivering
Presentations PP-138 Skill 4.18 Customizing
Handout Masters PP-164
Skill 4.1 Deleting Slides from
Presentations PP-139 Skill 4.19 Printing Handouts PP-166
Skill 4.2 Changing the Order Skill 4.20 Packaging a Presentation PP-167
of Slides PP-140

Skill 4.3 Hiding and Unhiding Slides PP-141

Appendix A
Skill 4.4 Copying and Pasting Slides PP-142
Office 365 Shortcuts A-1
Skill 4.5 Adding Hyperlinks to Slides PP-144
Appendix B Mouse Commands
Skill 4.6 Checking Spelling PP-146 and Touch Gestures B-1

Skill 4.7 Adding Notes PP-148 Glossary GL-1

Skill 4.8 Adding Footers PP-150 Office Index OFI-1

Skill 4.9 Adding the Date to the Footer PP-152 Word Index WDI-1

Skill 4.10 Inserting Slide Numbers PP-153 Excel Index EXI-1

Skill 4.11 Rehearsing Timings PP-154 Access Index ACI-1

Skill 4.12 Starting the Slide Show PP-156 PowerPoint Index PPI-1

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preface
How well do you know Microsoft Office? Many students can follow specific step-by-step
directions to re-create a document, spreadsheet, presentation, or database, but do they
truly understand the skills it takes to create these on their own? Just as simply following
a recipe does not make you a professional chef, re-creating a project step by step does
not make you an Office expert.
The purpose of this book is to teach you the skills to master Microsoft Office 365
in a straightforward and easy-to-follow manner. But Microsoft® Office 365: A Skills
Approach goes beyond the how and equips you with a deeper understanding of the what
and the why. Too many times books have little value beyond the classroom. The Skills
Approach series has been designed to be not only a complete textbook but also a refer-
ence tool for you to use as you move beyond academics and into the workplace.

WH AT’S N EW I N THI S ED I T I ON

With Office 365, Microsoft changed the delivery method for new features for users who
have an Office 365 subscription. Rather than waiting for the next version of Office to be
released, users with a 365 subscription will now receive new features through automatic
updates to their account. Why does this matter to you? Because while we feel this book
is still a solid reference for you to use, it could mean that certain content in this book
may be out of date. But there is hope! If you signed up for a SIMnet account along
with purchasing this book, the electronic version of this textbook (the SIMbook) will
be updated along with Microsoft’s updates. This means the text in the SIMbook, along
with the simulated environment used for the exercises, will reflect any changes made to
Office 365. In addition, your SIMbook may include additional content that could not
be accommodated in the printed version of the textbook.

ABOU T TR I AD I N TER ACTI VE

Triad Interactive specializes in online education and training products. Our flagship
program is SIMnet—a simulated Microsoft Office learning and assessment application
developed for McGraw-Hill Education. Triad has been writing, programming, and man-
aging the SIMnet system since 1999.

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about the authors

CHER I M ANNI NG

Cheri Manning is the president and co-owner of Triad Interactive. She is the author of
the Microsoft Excel and Access content for the Skills Approach series and SIMnet. She
has been authoring instructional content for these applications for more than 20 years.
Cheri began her career as an Aerospace Education Specialist with the Education
Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), where she
produced materials for K–12 instructors and students. Prior to founding Triad, Cheri
was a project manager with Compact Publishing, where she managed the development
of McGraw-Hill’s Multimedia MBA CD-ROM series.

CATHERI NE M ANNI NG S W I NS ON

Catherine Manning Swinson is the vice president and co-owner of Triad Interactive.
She is the author of the Microsoft Word and PowerPoint content for the Skills Approach
series and SIMnet. She also authors SIMnet content for Computer Concepts, Micro-
soft Outlook, Windows, and Web browsers. She has been authoring instructional con-
tent for these applications for more than 20 years.
Catherine began her career at Compact Publishing, one of the pioneers in educa-
tional CD-ROM–based software. She was the lead designer at Compact and designed
every edition of the TIME Magazine Compact Almanac from 1992 through 1996. In
addition, she designed a number of other products with Compact, including the TIME
Man of the Year program and the TIME 20th Century Almanac.

CO N TRI B U TORS
• Kelly Morber, Saints Philip and James School, English Teacher and Malone University,
M.A.Ed.
• Timothy T. Morber, MEd, LPCC-S, Malone University

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Instructor Walkthrough
Microsoft Office 365: A Skills Approach
Confirming Pages

Skill 2.9 Changing Fonts, Font Size,

and Font Color
A font, or typeface, refers to a set of characters of a certain design. The font is the
shape of a character or number as it appears on-screen or when printed. Use the com-
mands from the Home tab, Font group to change font attributes such as font family, font
size, and font color.
〉 To change the font, click the Font box arrow to expand the list of available fonts,
and then select the font you want.
〉 To change the font size, click the Font Size box arrow and select the size you want.
〉 To change the font color, click the Font Color button arrow to expand the color
palette, and then select the color you want.

Font Font Size

FIGURE EX 2.21 Font Color

The font color palette is divided into three parts:

1. The top part shows the Automatic color choice (black or white, depending on the
Confirming Pages color of the background).

〉 1-1 Content in SIMnet for Office 365 2. The middle part shows the Theme Colors included in the theme that is applied to
the workbook. These colors are designed to work together. Confirming Pages
3. The bottom part of the palette shows the Standard Colors (dark red, red, orange,
etc.). These colors are always available, no matter what theme is in use.

2
Skill 2.3 Inserting and Deleting Cells
Use the Insert command to insert an empty cell, group of cells, row, or column into
your worksheet. chapter
Formatting Cells
To insert an empty cell range, select the range where you want to insert the new cells.
〉 If you have a vertical cell range selected, on the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Automatic Color
the Insert button and Excel will automatically shift existing cells to the right to
Confirming Pages
make room for the new cells.
Theme
In this chapter, you will learn the following Colors
skills:
〉 If you have a single cell or a horizontal cell range selected, on the Home tab, in the
Cells group, click the Insert button and Excel will automatically shift existing cells
down to make room for the new cells. 〉 Move and copy cell contents Skill 2.1 Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Cell Content
Standard Colors
using cut, copy, and paste
If you want more control over whether cells are shifted to the right or down, use the • Applying
Skill 2.2 Conditional
Using Paste Options
Formatting Using the Quick Analysis Tool (Skill 2.14)
Insert dialog. • Applying Conditional Formatting with Data Bars, Color Scales, and Icon Sets
〉 Insert, delete, and merge cells
1. Select the cell or cell range where you want to insert the new cell(s). Skill(Skill
2.32.15) Inserting and Deleting Cells
〉 Work with text and font attributes • Replacing Formatting (Skill 2.21)
2. On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click the Insert button arrow. Skill 2.4 Wrapping Text in Cells
FIGURE EX 2.22 • Wrapping Text in Cells (Skill 2.4)
3. Click Insert Cells... to open the Insert dialog. Skill 2.5 Bold,
Using
〉 Apply borders and shading • Applying Italic,Undo and Redo
and Underline (Skill 2.8)
4. Select the option you want and then click OK. • Applying Conditional Formatting with Highlight Cells Rules (Skill 2.16)
〉 Format cells using cell styles Skill 2.6 Aligning Cells
• Applying Conditional Formatting with Top/Bottom Rules (Skill 2.17)
〉 Copy formatting using Format Skill 2.7 Merging Cells and Splitting Merged Cells
EX–74 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com 1. Open the start file EX2019-OnYourOwn-2-5 and resave the file as:
Painter excel 365 Skill 2.8 initials]EX-OnYourOwn-2-5
Applying Bold, Italic,
chapter 2 Formatting Cells
and Underline
[your

〉 Format cells using conditional 2. If the workbook opens in Protected View, click the Enable Editing button in the
Skill Message
2.9 Bar Changing Fonts, Font Size, and Font Color
at the top of the workbook so you can modify it.
Insert Button formatting
Skill 2.10theAdding
3. Update data in theBorders
workbook with an inventory of textbooks you own.
Include the purchase price and estimated resell 10/08/19
value for each
AM title.
〉 Modify
man79449_EX_ch02_058-107.indd
74
cell data using find and 09:49
Confirming Pages Skill 2.11
4. Add Adding
and delete cells asShading
necessary. with Fill Color
Click Insert Cells... to replace
5. Wrap
Skill 2.12text Applying
if any of your Cell Styles
book titles are too long to fit in the cell.
open the Insert dialog.
〉 Work with the print area 6. Format the worksheet title and data table using cell styles, borders, and fill color.
Skill Change
2.13 fonts,
Using Format
font color, Painter
and font size as appropriate.

〉 Introduction—Learning Outcomes are clearly

7. Remember to use Format Painter to copy formatting from one part of the
15. Insert a page break before the Upcoming Safety Improvements section. Skill worksheet
2.14 Applying
to another.
Conditional Formatting Using
16. Add a cover page. theuseQuick
8. You can also Analysis
commandTool
listed.
the Replace if you want to change formatting from
a. Insert a cover page using the Whisp design.
FIGURE EX 2.6 Skill one
2.15style to another in multiple cells at the same time.
Applying Conditional Formatting with
b. Change the Document subtitle to read The latest safety news for you. 9. Apply conditional formatting to identify the most expensive books and the ones
Data Bars, Color Scales, and Icon Sets
〉 At-a-glance Office 365 skills c. Delete the Date control on the cover page. with the highest resell values. Use any type of conditional formatting you’d like.
Recall that in Excel, pasting cell content that has been cut or copied will overwrite 17. Navigate to the Introduction section and add a watermark using the SAMPLE Skill 2.16conditional
10. Apply Applying Conditional
formatting Formatting
to identify the book with the with
best resell value and

Quick, easy-to-scan pages, for efficient learning

the book with the worst resell value.
Highlight Cells Rules
Fix It
the content of the cell where it is pasted. If you want to insert the content instead, use text with diagonal orientation.
Confirming Pages
the Insert command. 18. Print two copies of all the pages except the cover page. NOTE: If you are using 11. When you are satisfied with the appearance of the worksheet, save and close the
this in class or in your school’s computer lab, check with your instructor about Skill workbook.
2.17 Applying Conditional Formatting with Top/
1. Cut or copy the cell content and then click the cell where you want to insert the printing permissions before completing this step. Bottom Rules
On Your Own
new content.

fix it 2.6
19. Save and close the document.

projects
2. On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click the Insert button arrow. Skill 2.18 Removing Conditional Formatting

skills
Skill 2.19 Clearing Cell Content
Skill Review
Data files for projects can be found by logging into In this project, you will fix a rather unattractive worksheet that was intended for record-

on your own 3.5

your SIMnet account and going to the Library section.
Skill 2.20 Using
ing walking/running milesFind and Replace
and times.
Skills needed to complete this project:
In this project you will be formatting and printing a marketing sheet for a landscape
Skill 2.21 Replacing Formatting
• Using Undo and Redo (Skill 2.5)

skill review 2.1 Skill 2.22Shading

In this project you will add formatting to a daily vitamin and supplement plan to make
the spreadsheet more attractive and easier to read. Throughout the project, use the
Undo command ( Ctrl + Z ) if you make a mistake.
Skills needed to complete this project:
• Using Undo and Redo (Skill 2.5)skill 2.3
• Merging Cells and Splitting Merged Cells (Skill 2.7)
• Applying Cell Styles (Skill 2.12)
• Inserting and Deleting Cells (Skill 2.3)
• Aligning Cells (Skill 2.6)
man79449_EX_ch02_058-107.indd 63
• Changing Fonts, Font Size, and Font Color (Skill 2.9)
• Using Format Painter (Skill 2.13)
• Adding Borders (Skill 2.10)
• Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Cell Content (Skill 2.1)
• Wrapping Text in Cells (Skill 2.4)
• Applying Conditional Formatting Using the Quick Analysis Tool (Skill 2.14)
Setting and Clearing
(Skill 2.11)the Print Area
company. You will apply a theme of your choice and adjust the theme by changing the • Adding with Fill Color
style set, color theme, and font theme. You will add a property control to ensure consis-
• Merging Cells and Splitting Merged Cells (Skill 2.7)
tent spelling of the company name. You will add content to the header and footer of the
• Applying Cell Styles (Skill 2.12)
document. You will change the layout by adjusting margins and adding a page break.
You will add a page border and a cover page. Finally, you will practice printing multiple • Inserting and Deleting Cells (Skill 2.3)
copies and page ranges. • Changing Fonts, Font Size, and Font Color (Skill 2.9)
www.simnetkeepitsimple.com EX–63
Inserting and Deleting Cells Skills needed to complete this project: • Using Format Painter (Skill 2.13)
• Applying Document Themes (Skill 3.1) • Adding Borders (Skill 2.10)
• Applying Style Sets (Skill 3.2) • Wrapping Text in Cells (Skill 2.4)
• Using Color Themes (Skill 3.3) • Applying Conditional Formatting Using the Quick Analysis Tool (Skill 2.14)
• Using10/08/19
Font Themes
man79449_EX_ch02_058-107.indd 58 10/08/19 09:49 AM
09:49 AM (Skill 3.4)
• Inserting Property Controls (Skill 3.12) EX–106 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
excel 365 chapter 2 Formatting Cells
• Inserting Page Numbers (Skill 3.10)
• Adding an Automatic Date Stamp (Skill 3.9)
• Adding Headers (Skill 3.7)
• Adjusting Margins (Skill 3.14) man79449_EX_ch02_058-107.indd 106 10/08/19 09:49 AM

• Applying Conditional Formatting with Data Bars, Color Scales, and Icon Sets • Inserting Page Breaks (Skill 3.6)
(Skill 2.15)
• Adding Page Borders (Skill 3.17)
• Applying Conditional Formatting with Highlight Cells Rules (Skill 2.16)
• Adding a Cover Page (Skill 3.18)
• Removing Conditional Formatting (Skill 2.18)
• Printing Multiple Copies of a Document (Skill 3.19)
• Applying Conditional Formatting with Top/Bottom Rules (Skill 2.17)

Projects that relate to a broad range of careers and

• Replacing Formatting (Skill 2.21) • Printing Page Ranges (Skill 3.20)

〉 Diverse end-of-chapter projects

1. Open the start file EX2019-SkillReview-2-1 and resave the file as: [your initials] 1. Open the start file WD2019-OnYourOwn-3-5 document and resave this document

perspectives, from nursing, education, business, and

EX-SkillReview-2-1 as: [your initials] WD-OnYourOwn-3-5
2. If the workbook opens in Protected View, click the Enable Editing button in the 2. If the document opens in Protected View, click the Enable Editing button in the
Message Bar at the top of the workbook so you can modify the workbook.

everyday personal uses.

Message Bar at the top of the document so you can modify it.
3. Merge and center the worksheet title across cells A1:H1 and cells A2:H2.
3. Apply a theme of your choice to the document.
a. Select cells A1:H1.
4. Change the style set to one of your choice.
b. On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Merge & Center button.
c. Select cells A2:H2.
5. Choose a new color theme xvii
d. On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Merge & Center button.
4. Apply the Title style to the main worksheet title. WD–118 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
word 365 chapter 3 Formatting Documents
a. Select the merged cells A1:H1.
b. On the Home tab, in the Styles group, click the Cell Styles button.
c. Click the Title style.

man79449_WD_ch03_078-121.indd 118 09/13/19 06:58 PM

EX–98 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
excel 365 chapter 2 Formatting Cells

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 tips & tricks tell me more
When you add a citation from the Researcher task pane, The Researcher feature is only available in the Office
Formatting marks include symbols that represent spaces, nonbreaking spaces, tabs, Final PDF to printer
paragraphs, and page breaks. The following table shows examples of formatting marks
Word automatically inserts a properly formatted citation 365 version of Microsoft Office. If you have the 2019
and the keyboard commands used to create them:
based on the reference style for the document. Word on-premises version, you will not see the Researcher
also adds the source information in the source manager, button on the Reference tab.
allowing you to quickly add citations to the source later
CHARACTER FORMATTING MARK KEYSTROKE/COMMAND
within the same document or in other documents.
Space • Spacebar
let me try Paragraph ¶ Enter
If you do not have the data file from the previous skill open, open the student data file wd5-08-SpaProductReport
Tab → Tab
and try this skill on your own:

Features
1. Place the cursor before the period at the end of the first paragraph in the Wraps and Full-Body Treatments Line Break ↲ Shift + Enter
section (the sentence ending next big spa trend).
Nonbreaking Space  Ctrl + Shift + Enter
2. Open the Researcher task pane and type “spa trends” in the search box. NOTE: If you do not have the
Researcher feature in your version of Microsoft Word, skip to step 5.
3. Type a sentence based on the research you completed.
Tips Page
& Tricks
Break ............Page Break..........¶ Ctrl + Enter

4. From the Researcher task pane, add a citation to the source you used.
5. If you will be moving on to the next skill in this chapter, leave the document open to continue working. If not,
tips & tricks
From the perspective of. . .
save the file as directed by your instructor and close it.

You can choose to always show specific formatting marks on-screen even when the Show/Hide button is inactive.
To show specific formatting marks:

from the perspective of . . . 1. Click the File tab and select Options.
2. In the Word Options dialog, click the Display category.
GR AD UATE STUD E N T 3. Select the formatting marks you want to display in the Always show these formatting marks on the screen
When I wrote my first term paper, my professor rejected it informing me that it wasn’t section.
formatted correctly and I was using the wrong reference style. I didn’t understand. I had 4. Click OK.
typed everything very carefully, but apparently I was supposed to use the APA style and
not the Chicago style. After that, I started using the reference tools built into Word.
Confirming Pages
Now I can generate a table of contents from headings in my paper, mark entries for my
index as I write, and auto-generate the index. Most important, I can set my reference tell me more
style to use the APA style, add my sources, and create a bibliography in the correct
〉 A nonbreaking space is a space between two words that keeps the words together and prevents the words from
style. When I resubmitted my paper, my professor was impressed with how well it was
formatted. I got an A! being split across two lines.
Confirming Pages
tips & tricks
〉 A line break forces the text onto a new line, but does not treat the text as a separate paragraph.

When text is bolded, italicized, or underlined, the button appears highlighted on the Ribbon. To remove the effect,
Tell
click Me
another More
method
the highlighted button, or press the appropriate keyboard shortcut.

tips & tricks To show formatting marks, you can press

tell me more
Ctrl + Shift + 8 .

When text is bolded, italicized, or underlined, the button appears highlighted on the Ribbon. To remove the effect,
click the highlighted button, or press the appropriate keyboard shortcut. let me try
〉 Some of the other character effects available from the Ribbon include:
• Strikethrough—draws a horizontal line through the text.

If you do Subscript—draws
• not a small
have the data file fromcharacter below
the previous skillthe bottom
open, of the
open the student
text. data file wd2-14-SpaNewsletter and
Confirming Pages
tell me more Rubberball/Getty Images
try this •skillSuperscript—draws
on your own:
1. Show
a small character above the top of the text
the formatting marks inother
the document.
〉 The Font dialog contains character formatting options not available from the Ribbon. These effects include
〉 Some of the other character effects available from the Ribbon include: 2. On Double strikethrough,
the first page, there is anSmall
extracaps,
blankand
line.All caps among
Remove others.
the extra blankToline
open thethe
from Font dialog, on the Home tab, in the
document.
www.simnetkeepitsimple.com WD–187
• Strikethrough—draws a horizontal line through the text. Font
I’mgroup, clickarticle,
the dialog
therelauncher.
should beSelect an option
after in the Effectsatsection and
of aclick OK to apply the character
Skill 5.8 Using Researcher
3. In the So Gelish no spaces punctuation the end paragraph. Remove
• Subscript—draws a small character below the bottom of the text.
the effect to the text.
extra spaces from the article.
• Superscript—draws a small character above the top of the text tips & tricks
4. Hide the formatting marks.
〉 The Font dialog 187 contains other character formatting options not available from the Ribbon.
man79449_WD_ch05_174-222.indd These
10/12/19 12:50

Double strikethrough, Small caps, and All caps among others. To open the Font dialog, on the Home
PM effects
5. Ifinclude
When
tab,
you
text willanother method
be moving
is bolded,
in highlighted
the
on to the
italicized, next skill in the
or underlined, this button
chapter,appears
leave the documenton
highlighted open
the to continue
Ribbon. working.the
To remove If not,
effect,
click close
the the file. button, or press the appropriate keyboard shortcut.
Font group, click the dialog launcher. Select an option in the Effects section and click OK to apply the character 〉 The following keyboard shortcuts can be used to apply the bold, italic, and underline effects:
Another Method
effect to the text. • Bold = Ctrl + B

tell me more
• Italic = Ctrl + I
www.simnetkeepitsimple.com WD–53
• Underline = Ctrl + U skill 2.14 Revealing Formatting Marks
another method 〉 Some of the other character effects available from the Ribbon include:
〉 To access the bold, italic, or underline commands, you can also right-click the selected text and click the Bold,
• Strikethrough—draws a horizontal line through the text.
Italic, or Underline button on the Mini toolbar.
〉 The following keyboard shortcuts can be used to apply the bold, italic, and underline effects: • Subscript—draws a small character below the bottom of the text.
• Bold = Ctrl + B • 〉Superscript—draws
To apply an underline a small character
style, click theabove the top
Underline of the
button text and select a style.
arrow
man79449_WD_ch02_036-077.indd 53 09/13/19 06:26 PM
• Italic = Ctrl + I
〉 The Font dialog contains other character formatting options not available from the Ribbon. These effects include
• Underline = Ctrl + U
Double strikethrough, Small caps, and All caps among others. To open the Font dialog, on the Home tab, in the
FontBold,
〉 To access the bold, italic, or underline commands, you can also right-click the selected text and click the
let me try
group, click the dialog launcher. Select an option in the Effects section and click OK to apply the character
Italic, or Underline button on the Mini toolbar. effect
Opento the
the student
text. data file wd2-01-SpaNewsletter and try this skill on your own:

〉 To apply an underline style, click the Underline button arrow and select a style. 1. Select the text free smoothies in the first paragraph of the newsletter.

another
2. Apply method
the bold character formatting to the text.
3. Select the text online appointment booking system in the second paragraph of the newsletter.
let me try 〉 The following keyboard shortcuts can be used to apply the bold, italic, and underline effects:
4. Apply the italic and underline character formatting to the text.
• Bold = Ctrl + B
Open the student data file wd2-01-SpaNewsletter and try this skill on your own: • 5. If you
Italic will+beI moving on to the next skill in this chapter, leave the document open to continue working. If not,
= Ctrl
save the
• Underline =file
Ctrlas
+directed
U by your instructor and close it.
1. Select the text free smoothies in the first paragraph of the newsletter.
2. Apply the bold character formatting to the text. 〉 To access the bold, italic, or underline commands, you can also right-click the selected text and click the Bold,
3. Select the text online appointment booking system in the second paragraph of the newsletter. Italic, or Underline button on the Mini toolbar.

4. Apply the italic and underline character formatting to the text. Let〉 Me Try
To apply an underline style, click the Underline button arrow and select a style.
5. If you will be moving on to the next skill in this chapter, leave the document open to continue working. If not,
save the file as directed by your instructor and close it.
let me try
Open the student data file wd2-01-SpaNewsletter and try this skill on your own:
1. Select the text free smoothies in the first paragraph of the newsletter.
2. Apply the bold character formatting to the text.
3. Select the text online appointment booking system in the second paragraph of the newsletter.
4. Apply the italic and underline character formatting to the text.
5. If you will be moving on to the next skill in this chapter, leave the document open to continue working. If not,
save the file
WD–38 as directed by your instructor and close it.
www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
word 365 chapter 2 Formatting Text and Paragraphs

man79449_WD_ch02_036-077.indd 38 09/13/19 06:26 PM

〉 Instructor materials available in the SIMnet course manager.

WD–38 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
word 365 chapter 2 Formatting Text and Paragraphs

• Instructor Manual
• Instructor PowerPoints
man79449_WD_ch02_036-077.indd 38 09/13/19 06:26 PM

• Test Banks
WD–38 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
word 365 chapter 2 Formatting Text and Paragraphs

man79449_WD_ch02_036-077.indd 38 09/13/19 06:26 PM

xviii 

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 Final PDF to printer

SIMnet for Office

365 Online Training
& Assessment
〉 Includes:
• Microsoft Office Suite
® use throughout their entire time at your institution.
• Computer Concepts
• Windows 10
• File Management
• Web Browsers
E ASY TO USE
SIMnet is McGraw-Hill’s leading solution for training and
assessment of Microsoft Office skills and beyond. Com-
pletely online with no downloads for installation, SIMnet
is accessible for today’s students through multiple brows-
ers and is easy to use for all. Now, ­SIMnet offers SIMbook
and allows students to go mobile for their student learn-
ing. Available with videos and interactive “Guide Me”
pages to allow students to study MS Office skills on any
device. It’s consistent, clean user interface and function-
ality will help save you time and help students be more
successful in their course.
the course. It’s more than a resource; it’s a tool they can
M E AS U RAB LE RE S U LTS
SIMnet provides powerful, measureable results for you
and your students. See results immediately in our various
reports and customizable gradebook. Students can also
see measurable results by generating a custom training
lesson after an exam to help determine exactly which
content areas they still need to study. Instructors can use
the dashboard to see detailed results of student activity,
assignment completion, and more. ­SIMnet Online is your
solution for helping students master today’s Microsoft
Office Skills.
S I M NE T FOR OFFI CE 20 1 6
. . . Keep IT SIMple! To learn more, visit
www.simnetkeepitsimple.com and also contact your
McGraw-Hill representative.

L IFELON G LEAR N I N G

SIMnet offers lifelong learning. SIMnet is designed with

features to help students immediately learn isolated
Microsoft Office skills on demand. Students can use SIM-
Search and the Library to learn skills both in and beyond

xix

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 Final PDF to printer

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 Final PDF to printer

office 365

man79449_intro_001-038.indd 1 10/15/19 07:06 PM

 Final PDF to printer

Essential Skills
for Office
In this chapter, you will learn the following skills:

〉 Learn about Microsoft Office and Skill 1.1 Introduction to Microsoft Office
its apps Word, Excel, Access, and
Skill 1.2 Opening Files
PowerPoint

〉 Learn the difference between

Skill 1.3 Closing Files
Office 365 and Office 2019 Skill 1.4 Closing the App
on-premises
Skill 1.5 Using the Start Page
〉 Demonstrate how to open, save,
and close files Skill 1.6 Getting to Know the Office User Interface

〉 Recognize Office common Skill 1.7 Getting Help

features and navigation elements Skill 1.8 Using Smart Lookup
〉 Use Microsoft Help and Tell
Skill 1.9 Working in Protected View
Me features
Skill 1.10 Picking Up Where You Left Off
〉 Create new files
Skill 1.11 Working with File Properties
〉 Share files through OneDrive

〉 AutoSave documents and

manage versions
〉 Modify account information and
the look of Office
〉 Customize the Quick Access
Toolbar
Skill 1.12 Creating a New Blank File
Skill 1.13 Saving Files to Your PC
Skill 1.14 Saving Files to OneDrive
Skill 1.15 Using AutoSave
Skill 1.16 Sharing Files Using OneDrive
Skill 1.17 Using the Account Page

skills
Skill 1.18 Changing the Look of Office
Skill 1.19 Customizing the Quick Access Toolbar

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 Final PDF to printer

introduction
This chapter introduces you to Microsoft Office. You will learn about the versions of Microsoft Office
and how they differ. You will learn about the shared features across the Office apps and how to
navigate common interface elements. You will learn how to open and close files as well as different
ways to save and share files, including through your OneDrive account.

Skill 1.1 Introduction to Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office is a collection of business “productivity” apps (computer programs
designed to make you more productive at work, school, and home). The most popular
Office apps are:
Microsoft Word—A word processing program. Word processing software includes
powerful formatting and design tools that allow you to go beyond simple text files and
create complex documents such as reports, résumés, brochures, and newsletters.

FIGURE OF 1.1
Microsoft Word

Microsoft Excel—A spreadsheet program. Originally, spreadsheet apps were viewed

as electronic versions of an accountant’s ledger. Today’s spreadsheet apps can do
much more than just calculate numbers—they include powerful charting and data
analysis features. Spreadsheet programs can be used for everything from managing
personal budgets to calculating loan payments.

FIGURE OF 1.2
Microsoft Excel

www.simnetkeepitsimple.com OF–3
skill 1.1 Introduction to Microsoft Office

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 Final PDF to printer

Microsoft Access—A database program. Database apps allow you to organize

and manipulate large amounts of data. Databases that allow you to relate tables and
databases to one another are referred to as relational databases. As a database user, you
usually see only one aspect of the database—a form. Database forms use a graphical
interface to allow a user to enter record data. For example, when you fill out an order
form online, you are probably interacting with a database. The information you enter
becomes a record in a database table. Your order is matched with information in an
inventory table (keeping track of which items are in stock) through a query. When your
order is filled, a database report can be generated for use as an invoice or a bill of lading.

FIGURE OF 1.3
Microsoft Access

Microsoft PowerPoint—A presentation program. Presentation apps are used to cre-

ate robust multimedia presentations. A presentation consists of a series of electronic
slides. Each slide contains content, including text, images, charts, and other objects.
You can add multimedia elements to slides, including animations, audio, and video.

FIGURE OF 1.4
Microsoft PowerPoint

To open one of the Office apps in Windows 10:

1. Click the Windows Start button (located in the lower left corner of your computer
screen).
2. Scroll the list of apps on the Start menu.
3. Find the app in this list and click the app you want to open.

OF–4 www.simnetkeepitsimple.com
office 365 Essential Skills for Office

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 Final PDF to printer

There are two main ways to license and pay for the installed version of Microsoft Office:
Office 365—This version allows you to download and install Office and pay
for it on a yearly or monthly subscription basis. Office 365 includes full versions
of the Office apps along with online storage services for your files. Microsoft is
continually updating Office 365 with security and bug fixes. In addition, the apps
are updated with new features twice a year. If you have an Office 365 subscription,
Office will prompt you when an update is available.
Office 2019 (on-premises)—The on-premises version of Office allows
you to install Office and pay for it once. The on-premises version of Office
receives security and bug fixes, but does not receive new feature updates. In
addition, certain features available in Office 365 are not available in Office 2019
on-premises, including the Editor in Word and PowerPoint’s Designer feature.
Because this book is written for Office 365 which is continually being updated, your
version of the software may look different than the screenshots shown here. For exam-
ple, after the Office 2019 on-premises version of the software was released, Microsoft
updated the look of the Ribbon and Backstage in the apps.
If you have the 2019 on-premises version of Office, the Ribbon will look like this:

FIGURE OF 1.5
If you have the updated Office 365 version, the Ribbon looks more like this:

FIGURE OF 1.6
Be aware that although the interface has changed, the steps to complete the skills
are the same. SIMnet (the software that accompanies this textbook) is updated with the
new feature and interface changes twice a year.
tell me more
Office apps are available to you on a variety of platforms. The features available depend on which version of the apps
you are using:

〉 Desktop apps—Full-featured version of the Office apps that you download and install on your computer. If you
are creating complex documents or presentations or performing complicated calculations on large amounts of
data, you will most likely need the desktop version of the app. If you purchase an Office 365 subscription or the
Office 2019 on-premises version, you will be downloading and installing the Desktop app version of the software.
〉 Online apps—Available at https://office.com. These apps are accessed through a Web browser (no installation
required) and allow you to create and save files online using your OneDrive account (Microsoft’s cloud storage
service). The online apps have a limited set of features, but depending on your needs that may be enough.
〉 Mobile apps—Free apps available for your tablet device. Similar in features and functionality to the online apps,
these apps are designed to run on the iOS and Android operating systems. They offer limited functionality com-
pared to the installed desktop apps.

let me try
Try this skill on your own:
1. Display the Start menu.
2. Open the Word app.
3. Keep the app open to work on the next skill.

www.simnetkeepitsimple.com OF–5
skill 1.1 Introduction to Microsoft Office

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Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
land, though, he believed, a mighty healthy trac’; everything seemed to thrive here.
We must see a nigger-gal that he was raisin’; she was just coming five, and would
pull up nigh upon a hundred weight.
“Two year ago,” he continued, after taking his dram, as we sat by the fire in the north
room, “when I had a carpenter here to finish off this house, I told one of my boys he
must come in and help him. I reckoned he would larn quick, if he was a mind to. So
he come in, and a week arterwards he fitted the plank and laid this floor, and now you
just look at it; I don’t believe any man could do it better. That was two year ago, and
now he’s as good a carpenter as you ever see. I bought him some tools after the
carpenter left, and he can do anything with ’em—make a table or a chest of drawers
or anything. I think niggers is somehow nat’rally ingenious; more so ’n white folks.
They is wonderful apt to any kind of slight.”
I took out my pocket-map, and while studying it, asked Yazoo some questions about
the route East. Not having yet studied geography, as he observed, he could not
answer. Our host inquired where I was going, that way. I said I should go on to
Carolina.
“Expect you’re going to buy a rice-farm, in the Carolinies, aint you? and I reckon
you’re up here speckylating arter nigger stock, aint you now?”
“Well,” said I, “I wouldn’t mind getting that fat girl of yours, if we can made a trade.
How much a pound will you sell her at?”
“We don’t sell niggers by the pound in this country.”
“Well, how much by the lump?”
“Well, I don’t know; reckon I don’t keer about sellin’ her just yet.”
After breakfast, I inquired about the management of the farm. He said that he
purchased negroes, as he was able, from time to time. He grew rich by the improved
saleable value of his land, arising in part from their labour, and from their natural
increase and improvement, for he bought only such as would be likely to increase in
value on his hands. He had been obliged to spend but little money, being able to live
and provide most of the food and clothing for his family and his people, by the
production of his farm. He made a little cotton, which he had to send some distance
to be ginned and baled, and then waggoned it seventy miles to a market; also raised
some wheat, which he turned into flour at a neighbouring mill, and sent to the same
market. This transfer engaged much of the winter labour of his man-slaves.
I said that I supposed the Memphis and Charleston railroad, as it progressed east,
would shorten the distance to which it would be necessary to draw his cotton, and so
be of much service to him. He did not know that. He did not know as he should ever
use it. He expected they would charge pretty high for carrying cotton, and his niggers
hadn’t any thing else to do. It did not really cost him anything now to send it to
Memphis, because he had to board the niggers and the cattle anyhow, and they did
not want much more on the road than they did at home.
He made a large crop of corn, which, however, was mainly consumed by his own
force, and he killed annually about one hundred and fifty hogs, the bacon of which
was all consumed in his own family and by his people, or sold to passing travellers. In
the fall, a great many drovers and slave-dealers passed over the road with their
stock, and they frequently camped against this house, so as to buy corn and bacon of
him. This they cooked themselves.
There were sometimes two hundred negroes brought along together, going South.
He didn’t always have bacon to spare for them, though he killed one hundred and fifty
swine. They were generally bad characters, and had been sold for fault by their
owners. Some of the slave-dealers were high-minded, honourable men, he thought;
“high-toned gentlemen, as ever he saw, some of ’em, was.”
Niggers were great eaters, and wanted more meat than white folks; and he always
gave his as much as they wanted, and more too. The negro cook always got dinner
for them, and took what she liked for it; his wife didn’t know much about it. She got as
much as she liked, and he guessed she didn’t spare it. When the field-hands were
anywhere within a reasonable distance, they always came up to the house to get
their dinner. If they were going to work a great way off, they would carry their dinner
with them. They did as they liked about it. When they hadn’t taken their dinner, the
cook called them at twelve o’clock with a conch. They ate in the kitchen, and he had
the same dinner that they did, right out of the same frying-pan; it was all the same,
only they ate in the kitchen, and he ate in the room we were in, with the door open
between them.
I brought up the subject of the cost of labour, North and South. He had no
apprehension that there would ever be any want of labourers at the South, and could
not understand that the ruling price indicated the state of the demand for them. He
thought negroes would increase more rapidly than the need for their labour.
“Niggers,” said he, “breed faster than white folks, a ’mazin’ sight, you know; they
begin younger.”
“How young do they begin?”
“Sometimes at fourteen, sometimes at sixteen, and sometimes at eighteen.”
“Do you let them marry so young as that?” I inquired. He laughed, and said, “They
don’t very often wait to be married.”
“When they marry, do they have a minister to marry them?”
“Yes, generally one of their own preachers.”
“Do they with you?” I inquired of Yazoo.
“Yes, sometimes they hev a white minister, and sometimes a black one, and if there
arn’t neither handy, they get some of the pious ones to marry ’em. But then very often
they only just come and ask our consent, and then go ahead, without any more
ceremony. They just call themselves married. But most niggers likes a ceremony, you
know, and they generally make out to hev one somehow. They don’t very often get
married for good, though, without trying each other, as they say, for two or three
weeks, to see how they are going to like each other.”
I afterwards asked how far it was to the post-office. It was six miles. “One of my
boys,” said our host, “always gets the paper every week. He goes to visit his wife,
and passes by the post-office every Sunday. Our paper hain’t come, though, now, for
three weeks. The mail don’t come very regular.” All of his negroes, who had wives off
the place, left an hour before sunset on Saturday evening. One of them, who had a
wife twenty miles away, left at twelve o’clock Saturday, and got back at twelve o’clock
Monday.
“We had a nigger once,” said Yazoo, “that had a wife fifteen miles away, and he used
to do so; but he did some rascality once, and he was afraid to go again. He told us
his wife was so far off, ’twas too much trouble to go there, and he believed he’d give
her up. We was glad of it. He was a darned rascally nigger—allers getting into
scrapes. One time we sent him to mill, and he went round into town and sold some of
the meal. The storekeeper wouldn’t pay him for’t, ’cause he hadn’t got an order. The
next time we were in town, the storekeeper just showed us the bag of meal; said he
reckoned ’twas stole; so when we got home we just tied him up to the tree and licked
him. He’s a right smart nigger; rascally niggers allers is smart. I’d rather have a
rascally nigger than any other—they’s so smart allers. He is about the best nigger
we’ve got.”
“I have heard,” said I, “that religious negroes were generally the most valuable. I have
been told that a third more would be given for a man if he were religious.” “Well, I
never heerd of it before,” said he. Our host thought there was no difference in the
market value of sinners and saints.
“Only,” observed Yazoo, “the rascalier a nigger is, the better he’ll work. Now that yer
nigger I was tellin’ you on, he’s worth more’n any other nigger we’ve got. He’s a yaller
nigger.”
I asked their opinion as to the comparative value of black and yellow negroes. Our
host had two bright mulatto boys among his—didn’t think there was much difference,
“but allers reckoned yellow fellows was the best a little; they worked smarter. He
would rather have them.” Yazoo would not; he “didn’t think but what they’d work as
well; but he didn’t fancy yellow negroes ’round him; would rather have real black
ones.”
I asked our host if he had no foreman or driver for his negroes, or if he gave his
directions to one of them in particular for all the rest. He did not. They all did just as
they pleased, and arranged the work among themselves. They never needed driving.
“If I ever notice one of ’em getting a little slack, I just talk to him; tell him we must get
out of the grass, and I want to hev him stir himself a little more, and then, maybe, I
slip a dollar into his hand, and when he gits into the field he’ll go ahead, and the rest
seeing him, won’t let themselves be distanced by him. My niggers never want no
lookin’ arter. They tek more interest in the crop than I do myself, every one of ’em.”
Religious, instructed, and seeking further enlightenment; industrious, energetic, and
self directing; well fed, respected, and trusted by their master, and this master an
illiterate, indolent, and careless man! A very different state of things, this, from what I
saw on a certain great cotton planter’s estate, where a profit of $100,000 was made
in a single year, but where five hundred negroes were constantly kept under the whip,
where religion was only a pow-wow or cloak for immorality, and where the negro was
considered to be of an inferior race, especially designed by Providence to be kept in
the position he there occupied! A very different thing; and strongly suggesting what a
very different thing this negro servitude might be made in general, were the ruling
disposition of the South more just and sensible.
About half-past eleven, a stage coach, which had come earlier in the morning from
the East, and had gone on as far as the brook, returned, having had our luggage
transferred to it from the one we had left on the other side. In the transfer a portion of
mine was omitted and never recovered. Up to this time our host had not paid the
smallest attention to any work his men were doing, or even looked to see if they had
fed the cattle, but had lounged about, sitting upon a fence, chewing tobacco, and
talking with us, evidently very glad to have somebody to converse with. He went in
once again, after a drink; showed us the bacon he had in his smoke-house, and told
a good many stories of his experience in life, about a white man’s “dying hard” in the
neighbourhood, and of a tree falling on a team with which one of his negroes was
ploughing cotton, “which was lucky”—that is, that it did not kill the negro—and a good
deal about “hunting” when he was younger and lighter.
Still absurdly influenced by an old idea which I had brought to the South with me, I
waited, after the coach came in sight, for Yazoo to put the question, which he
presently did, boldly enough.
“Well; reckon we’re goin’ now. What’s the damage?”
“Well; reckon seventy-five cents’ll be right.”
 CHAPTER III.
THE INTERIOR COTTON DISTRICTS—CENTRAL
MISSISSIPPI, ALABAMA, ETC.

Central Mississippi, May 31st.—Yesterday was a raw, cold day, wind

north-east, like a dry north-east storm at home. Fortunately I came to
the pleasantest house and household I had seen for some time. The
proprietor was a native of Maryland, and had travelled in the North; a
devout Methodist, and somewhat educated. He first came South, as
I understood, for the benefit of his health, his lungs being weak.
His first dwelling, a rude log cabin, was still standing, and was
occupied by some of his slaves. The new house, a cottage,
consisting of four rooms and a hall, stood in a small grove of oaks;
the family were quiet, kind, and sensible.
When I arrived, the oldest boy was at work, holding a plough in the
cotton-field, but he left it and came at once, with confident and
affable courtesy, to entertain me.
My host had been in Texas, and after exploring it quite thoroughly,
concluded that he much preferred to remain where he was. He found
no part of that country where good land, timber, and a healthy
climate were combined: in the West he did not like the vicinage of
the Germans and Mexicans; moreover, he didn’t “fancy” a prairie
county. Here, in favourable years, he got a bale of cotton to the acre.
Not so much now as formerly. Still, he said, the soil would be good
enough for him here, for many years to come.
I went five times to the stable without being able to find a servant
there. I was always told that “the boy” would feed my horse, and take
good care of him, when he came; and so at length I had to go to bed,
trusting to this assurance. I went out just before breakfast next
morning, and found the horse with only ten dry cobs in the manger. I
searched for the boy; could not find him, but was told that my horse
had been fed. I said, “I wish to have him fed more—as much as he
will eat.” Very well, the boy should give him more. When I went out
after breakfast the boy was leading out the horse. I asked if he had
given him corn this morning.
“Oh yes, sir.”
“How many ears did you give him?”
“Ten or fifteen—or sixteen, sir; he eats very hearty.”
I went into the stable and saw that he had not been fed; there were
the same ten cobs (dry) in the manger. I doubted, indeed, from their
appearance, if the boy had fed him at all the night before. I fed him
with leaves myself, but could not get into the corn crib. The
proprietor was, I do not doubt, perfectly honest, but the negro had
probably stolen the corn for his own hogs and fowls.
The next day I rode more than thirty miles, having secured a good
feed of corn for the horse at midday. At nightfall I was much fatigued,
but had as yet failed to get lodging. It began to rain, and grew dark,
and I kept the road with difficulty. About nine o’clock I came to a
large, comfortable house.
An old lady sat in the verandah, of whom I asked if I could be
accommodated for the night: “Reckon so,” she replied: then after a
few moments’ reflection, without rising from her chair she shouted,
“Gal!—gal!” Presently a girl came.
“Missis?”
“Call Tom!”
The girl went off, while I remained, waiting for a more definite
answer. At length she returned: “Tom ain’t there, missis.”
“Who is there?”
“Old Pete,”
“Well, tell him to come and take this gentleman’s horse.”
Pete came, and I went with him to the gate where I had fastened my
horse. Here he called for some younger slave to come and take him
down to “the pen,” while he took off the saddle.
All this time it was raining, but any rapidity of movement was out of
the question. Pete continued shouting. “Why not lead the horse to
the pen yourself?” I asked. “I must take care of de saddle and tings,
massa; tote ’em to de house whar dey’ll be safe. Dese niggers is so
treacherous, can’t leave nothin’ roun’ but dey’ll hook suthing off of it.”
Next morning, at dawn of day, I saw honest Pete come into the room
where I was in bed and go stealthily to his young master’s clothes,
probably mistaking them for mine. I moved and he dropped them,
and slunk out to the next room, where he went loudly to making a
fire. I managed to see the horse well fed night and morning.
There were three pretty young women in this house, of good
manners and well dressed, except for the abundance of rings and
jewelry which they displayed at breakfast. One of them surprised me
not a little at the table. I had been offered, in succession, fried ham
and eggs, sweet potatoes, apple-pie, corn-bread, and molasses; this
last article I declined, and passed it to the young lady opposite,
looking to see how it was to be used. She had, on a breakfast plate,
fried ham and eggs and apple-pie, and poured molasses between
them.

June 1st.—I stopped last evening at the house of a man who was
called “Doctor” by his family, but who was, to judge from his
language, very illiterate. His son, by whom I was first received,
followed me to the stable. He had ordered a negro child to lead my
horse, but as I saw the little fellow couldn’t hold him I went myself.
He had no fodder (corn-leaves), and proposed to give the horse
some shucks (corn-husks) dipped in salt water, and, as it was now
too late to go further, I assented. Belshazzar licked them greedily,
but would not eat them, and they seemed to destroy his appetite for
corn, for late in the evening, having groped my way into the stable, I
found seven small ears of corn, almost untasted, in the manger. I got
the young man to come out and give him more.
The “Doctor” returned from “a hunt,” as he said, with no game but a
turtle, which he had taken from a “trot line”—a line, with hooks at
intervals, stretched across the river.
The house was large, and in a good-sized parlour or common room
stood a handsome centre table, on which were a few books and
papers, mostly Baptist publications. I sat here alone in the evening,
straining my eyes to read a wretchedly printed newspaper, till I was
offered a bed. I was very tired and sleepy, having been ill two nights
before. The bed was apparently clean, and I gladly embraced it.
My host, holding a candle for me to undress by (there was no
candlestick in the house), called to a boy on the outside to fasten the
doors, which he did by setting articles of furniture against them.
When I had got into bed he went himself into an inner room, the door
of which he closed and fastened in the same manner. No sooner
was the light withdrawn than I was attacked by bugs. I was
determined, if possible, not to be kept awake by them, but they soon
conquered me. I never suffered such incessant and merciless
persecution from them before. In half an hour I was nearly frantic,
and leaped from bed. But what to do? There was no use in making a
disturbance about it; doubtless every other bed and resting place in
the house was full of them. I shook out my day clothes carefully and
put them on, and then pushing away the barricade, opened the door
and went into the parlour. At first I thought that I would arrange the
chairs in a row and sleep on them; but this I found impracticable, for
the seats of the chairs were too narrow, and moreover of deerskin,
which was sure to be full of fleas if not of bugs. Stiff and sore and
weak, I groaningly lay down where the light of the moon came
through a broken window, for bugs feed but little except in darkness,
and with my saddle-bags for a pillow, again essayed to sleep. Fleas!
instantly. There was nothing else to be done; I was too tired to sit up,
even if that would have effectually removed the annoyance. Finally I
dozed—not long, I think, for I was suddenly awakened by a large
insect dropping upon my eye. I struck it off, and at the moment it
stung me. My eyelid swelled immediately, and grew painful, but at
length I slept in spite of it. I was once more awakened by a large
beetle which fell on me from the window; once more I got asleep, till
finally at four o’clock I awoke with that feverish dryness of the eyes
which indicates a determination to sleep no more. It was daylight,
and I was stiff and shivering; the inflammation and pain of the sting
in my eyelid had in a great degree subsided. I pushed back the bolt
of the outside door-lock, and went to the stable. The negroes were
already at work in the field. Belshazzar had had a bad night too: that
was evident. The floor of the stall, being of earth, had been trodden
into two hollows at each end, leaving a small rough hillock in the
centre. Bad as it was, however, it was the best in the stable; only one
in four of the stalls having a manger that was not broken down. A
wee little black girl and boy were cleaning their master’s horses—
mine they were afraid of. They had managed to put some fresh corn
in his manger, however, and as he refused to eat, I took a currycomb
and brush, and in the next two hours gave him the first thorough
grooming he had enjoyed since I owned him. I could not detect the
reason of his loss of appetite. I had been advised by an old southern
traveller to examine the corn when my horse refused to eat—if corn
were high I might find that it had been greased. From the actions of
the horse, then and subsequently, I suspect some trick of this kind
was here practised upon me. When I returned to the house and
asked to wash, water was given me in a vessel which, though I
doubted the right of my host to a medical diploma, certainly smelt
strongly of the shop—it was such as is used by apothecaries in
mixing drugs. The title of Doctor is often popularly given at the South
to druggists and venders of popular medicines; very probably he had
been one, and had now retired to enjoy the respectability of a
planter.

June 2nd.—I met a ragged old negro, of whom I asked the way, and
at what house within twelve miles I had better stop. He advised me
to go to one more than twelve miles distant.
“I suppose,” said I, “I can stop at any house along the road here,
can’t I? They’ll all take in travellers?”
“Yes, sir, if you’ll take rough fare, such as travellers has to,
sometimes. They’re all damn’d rascals along dis road, for ten or
twelve miles, and you’ll get nothin’ but rough fare. But I say, massa,
rough fare’s good enough for dis world; ain’t it, massa? Dis world
ain’t nothin; dis is hell, dis is, I calls it; hell to what’s a comin’ arter,
ha! ha! Ef you’s prepared? you says. I don’t look much ’s if I was
prepared, does I? nor talk like it, nuther. De Lord he cum to me in my
cabin in de night time, in de year ’45.”
“What?”
“De Lord! massa, de bressed Lord! He cum to me in de night time, in
de year ’45, and he says to me, says he, ‘I’ll spare you yet five year
longer, old boy!’ So when ’50 cum round I thought my time had cum,
sure; but as I didn’t die, I reckon de Lord has ’cepted of me, and I
’specs I shall be saved, dough I don’t look much like it, ha! ha! ho!
ho! de Lord am my rock, and he shall not perwail over me. I will lie
down in green pastures and take up my bed in hell, yet will not His
mercy circumwent me. Got some baccy, master?”
A little after sunset I came to an unusually promising plantation, the
dwelling being within a large enclosure, in which there was a well-
kept southern sward shaded by fine trees. The house, of the usual
form, was painted white, and the large number of neat out-buildings
seemed to indicate opulence, and, I thought, unusual good taste in
its owner. A lad of sixteen received me, and said I could stay; I might
fasten my horse, and when the negroes came up he would have him
taken care of. When I had done so, and had brought the saddle to
the verandah, he offered me a chair, and at once commenced a
conversation in the character of entertainer. Nothing in his tone or
manner would have indicated that he was not the father of the family,
and proprietor of the establishment. No prince royal could have had
more assured and nonchalant dignity. Yet a northern stable-boy, or
apprentice, of his age, would seldom be found as ignorant.
“Where do you live, sir, when you are at home?” he asked.
“At New York.”
“New York is a big place, sir, I expect?”
“Yes, very big.”
“Big as New Orleans, is it, sir?”
“Yes, much bigger.”
“Bigger ’n New Orleans? It must be a bully city.”
“Yes; the largest in America.”
“Sickly there now, sir?”
“No, not now; it is sometimes.”
“Like New Orleans, I suppose?”
“No, never so bad as New Orleans sometimes is.”
“Right healthy place, I expect, sir?”
“Yes, I believe so, for a place of its size.”
“What diseases do you have there, sir?”
“All sorts of diseases—not so much fever, however, as you have
hereabouts.”
“Measles and hooping-cough, sometimes, I reckon?”
“Yes, ’most all the time, I dare say.”
“All the time! People must die there right smart. Some is dyin’ ’most
every day, I expect, sir?”
“More than a hundred every day, I suppose.”
“Gosh! a hundred every day! Almighty sickly place ’t must be?”
“It is such a large place, you see—seven hundred thousand people.”
“Seven hundred thousand—expect that’s a heap of people, ain’t it?”
His father, a portly, well-dressed man, soon came in, and learning
that I had been in Mexico, said, “I suppose there’s a heap of
Americans flocking in and settling up that country along on the line,
ain’t there, sir?”
“No, sir, very few. I saw none, in fact—only a few Irishmen and
Frenchmen, who called themselves Americans. Those were the only
foreigners I saw, except negroes.”
“Niggers! Where were they from?”
“They were runaways from Texas.”
“But their masters go there and get them again, don’t they?”
“No, sir, they can’t.”
“Why not?”
“The Mexicans are friendly to the niggers, and protect them.”
“But why not go to the Government?”
“The Government considers them as free, and will not let them be
taken back.”
“But that’s stealing, sir. Why don’t our Government make them
deliver them up? What good is the Government to us if it don’t
preserve the rights of property, sir? Niggers are property, ain’t they?
and if a man steals my property, ain’t the Government bound to get it
for me? Niggers are property, sir, the same as horses and cattle, and
nobody’s any more right to help a nigger that’s run away than he has
to steal a horse.”
He spoke very angrily, and was excited. Perhaps he was indirectly
addressing me, as a Northern man, on the general subject of fugitive
slaves. I said that it was necessary to have special treaty stipulations
about such matters. The Mexicans lost their peons—bounden
servants; they ran away to our side, but the United States
Government never took any measures to restore them, nor did the
Mexicans ask it. “But,” he answered, in a tone of indignation, “those
are not niggers, are they? They are white people, sir, just as white as
the Mexicans themselves, and just as much right to be free.”
My horse stood in the yard till quite dark, the negroes not coming in
from the cotton-field. I twice proposed to take him to the stable, but
he said, “No: the niggers would come up soon and attend to him.”
Just as we were called to supper, the negroes began to make their
appearance, getting over a fence with their hoes, and the master
called to one to put the horse in the stable, and to “take good care of
him.” “I want him to have all the corn he’ll eat,” said I. “Yes, sir; feed
him well; do you hear there?”
The house was meagrely furnished within, not nearly as well as the
most common New England farm-house. I saw no books and no
decorations. The interior wood-work was unpainted.
At supper there were three negro girls in attendance—two children of
twelve or fourteen years of age, and an older one, but in a few
moments they all disappeared. The mistress called aloud several
times, and at length the oldest came, bringing in hot biscuit.
“Where’s Suke and Bet?”
“In the kitchen, missus.”
“Tell them both to come to me, right off.”
A few minutes afterwards, one of the girls slunk in and stood behind
me, as far as possible from her mistress. Presently, however, she
was discovered.
“You Bet, you there? Come here! come here to me! close to me!
(Slap, slap, slap.) Now, why don’t you stay in here? (Slap, slap, slap,
on the side of the head.) I know! you want to be out in the kitchen
with them Indians! (Slap, slap, slap.) Now see if you can stay here.”
(Slap!) The other girl didn’t come at all, and was forgotten.
As soon as supper was over my hostess exclaimed, “Now, you Bet,
stop crying there, and do you go right straight home; mind you run
every step of the way, and if you stop one minute in the kitchen you’d
better look out. Begone!” During the time I was in the house she was
incessantly scolding the servants, in a manner very disagreeable for
me to hear, though they seemed to regard it very little.
The Indians, I learned, lived some miles away, and were hired to hoe
cotton. I inquired their wages. “Well, it costs me about four bits (fifty
cents) a day,” (including food, probably). They worked well for a few
days at a time; were better at picking than at hoeing. “They don’t pick
so much in a day as niggers, but do it better.” The women said they
were good for nothing, and her husband had no business to plant so
much cotton that he couldn’t ’tend it with his own slave hands.
While at table a young man, very dirty and sweaty, with a ragged
shirt and no coat on, came in to supper. He was surly and rude in his
actions, and did not speak a word; he left the table before I had
finished, and lighting a pipe, laid himself at full length on the floor of
the room to smoke. This was the overseer.
Immediately after supper the master told me that he was in the habit
of going to bed early, and he would show me where I was to sleep.
He did so, and left me without a candle. It was dark, and I did not
know the way to the stables, so I soon went to bed. On a feather bed
I did not enjoy much rest, and when I at last awoke and dressed,
breakfast was just ready. I said I would go first to look after my
horse, and did so, the planter following me. I found him standing in a
miserable stall, in a sorry state; he had not been cleaned, and there
were no cobs or other indications of his having been fed at all since
he had been there. I said to my host—
“He has not been fed, sir!”
“I wonder! hain’t he? Well, I’ll have him fed. I s’pose the overseer
forgot him.”
But, instead of going to the crib and feeding him at once himself, he
returned to the house and blew a horn for a negro; when after a long
time one came in sight from the cotton-fields, he called to him to go
to the overseer for the key of the corn-crib and feed the gentleman’s
horse, and asked me now to come to breakfast. The overseer joined
us as a supper; nothing was said to him about my horse, and he was
perfectly silent, and conducted himself like an angry or sulky man in
all his actions. As before, when he had finished his meal, without
waiting for others to leave the table, he lighted a pipe and lay down
to rest on the floor. I went to the stable and found my horse had been
supplied with seven poor ears of corn only. I came back to ask for
more, but could find neither master nor overseer. While I was
packing my saddle-bags preparatory to leaving, I heard my host call
a negro to “clean that gentleman’s horse and bring him here.” As it
was late, I did not interpose. While I was putting on the bridle, he
took off the musquito tent attached to the saddle and examined it. I
explained why I carried it.
“You won’t want it any more,” said he; “no musquitoes of any account
where you are going now; you’d better give it to me, sir; I should like
to use it when I go a-fishing; musquitoes are powerful bad in the
swamp.” After some further solicitation, as I seldom used it, I gave it
to him. Almost immediately afterwards he charged me a dollar for my
entertainment, which I paid, notwithstanding the value of the tent
was several times that amount. Hospitality to travellers is so entirely
a matter of business with the common planters.
I passed the hoe-gang at work in the cotton-field, the overseer
lounging among them carrying a whip; there were ten or twelve of
them; not one looked up at me. Within ten minutes I passed five who
were ploughing, with no overseer or driver in sight, and each
stopped his plough to gaze at me.

June 3rd.—Yesterday I met a well-dressed man upon the road, and

inquired of him if he could recommend me to a comfortable place to
pass the night.
“Yes, I can,” said he; “you stop at John Watson’s. He is a real good
fellow, and his wife is a nice, tidy woman; he’s got a good house, and
you’ll be as well taken care of there as in any place I know.”
“What I am most concerned about is a clean bed,” said I.
“Well, you are safe for that, there.”
So distinct a recommendation was unusual, and when I reached the
house he had described to me, though it was not yet dark, I stopped
to solicit entertainment.
In the gallery sat a fine, stalwart man, and a woman, who in size and
figure matched him well. Some ruddy, fat children were playing on
the steps. The man wore a full beard, which is very uncommon in
these parts. I rode to a horse-block near the gallery, and asked if I
could be accommodated for the night. “Oh, yes, you can stay here if
you can get along without anything to eat; we don’t have anything to
eat but once a week.” “You look as if it agreed with you, I reckon I’ll
try it for one night.” “Alight, sir, alight. Why, you came from Texas,
didn’t you? Your rig looks like it,” he said, as I dismounted. “Yes, I’ve
just crossed Texas, all the way from the Rio Grande.” “Have you
though? Well, I’ll be right glad to hear something of that country.” He
threw my saddle and bags across the rail of the gallery, and we
walked together to the stable.
“I hear that there are a great many Germans in the western part of
Texas,” he said presently.
“There are a great many; west of the Guadaloupe, more Germans
than Americans born.”
“Have they got many slaves?”
“No.”
“Well, won’t they break off and make a free State down there, by and
by?”
“I should think it not impossible that they might.”
“I wish to God they would; I would like right well to go and settle
there if it was free from slavery. You see Kansas and all the Free
States are too far north for me; I was raised in Alabama, and I don’t
want to move into a colder climate; but I would like to go into a
country where they had not got this curse of slavery.”
He said this not knowing that I was a Northern man. Greatly
surprised, I asked, “What are your objections to slavery, sir?”
“Objections! The first’s here” (striking his breast); “I never could bring
myself to like it. Well, sir, I know slavery is wrong, and God ’ll put an
end to it. It’s bound to come to an end, and when the end does
come, there’ll be woe in the land. And, instead of preparing for it, and
trying to make it as light as possible, we are doing nothing but make
it worse and worse. That’s the way it appears to me, and I’d rather
get out of these parts before it comes. Then I’ve another objection to
it. I don’t like to have slaves about me. Now, I tell a nigger to go and
feed your horse; I never know if he’s done it unless I go and see; and
if he didn’t know I would go and see, and would whip him if I found
he hadn’t fed him, would he feed him? He’d let him starve. I’ve got
as good niggers as anybody, but I never can depend on them; they
will lie, and they will steal, and take advantage of me in every way
they dare. Of course they will, if they are slaves. But lying and
stealing are not the worst of it. I’ve got a family of children, and I
don’t like to have such degraded beings round my house while they
are growing up. I know what the consequences are to children, of
growing up among slaves.”
I here told him that I was a Northern man, and asked if he could
safely utter such sentiments among the people of this district, who
bore the reputation of being among the most extreme and fanatical
devotees of slavery. “I’ve been told a hundred times I should be
killed if I were not more prudent in expressing my opinions, but,
when it comes to killing, I’m as good as the next man, and they know
it. I never came the worst out of a fight yet since I was a boy. I never
am afraid to speak what I think to anybody. I don’t think I ever shall
be.”
“Are there many persons here who have as bad an opinion of
slavery as you have?”
“I reckon you never saw a conscientious man who had been brought
up among slaves who did not think of it pretty much as I do—did
you?”
“Yes, I think I have, a good many.”
“Ah, self-interest warps men’s minds wonderfully, but I don’t believe
there are many who don’t think so, sometimes—it’s impossible, I
know, that they don’t.”
“Were there any others in this neighbourhood,” I asked, “who
avowedly hated slavery?” He replied that there were a good many
mechanics, all the mechanics he knew, who felt slavery to be a great
curse to them, and who wanted to see it brought to an end in some
way. The competition in which they were constantly made to feel
themselves engaged with slave-labour was degrading to them, and
they felt it to be so. He knew a poor, hard-working man who was
lately offered the services of three negroes for six years each if he
would let them learn his trade, but he refused the proposal with
indignation, saying he would starve before he helped a slave to
become a mechanic.[9] There was a good deal of talk now among
them about getting laws passed to prevent the owners of slaves from
having them taught trades, and to prohibit slave-mechanics from
being hired out. He could go out to-morrow, he supposed, and in the
course of a day get two hundred signatures to a paper alleging that
slavery was a curse to the people of Mississippi, and praying the
Legislature to take measures to relieve them of it as soon as
practicable. (The county contains three times as many slaves as
whites.)
He considered a coercive government of the negroes by the whites,
forcing them to labour systematically, and restraining them from a
reckless destruction of life and property, at present to be necessary.
Of course, he did not think it wrong to hold slaves, and the profits of
their labour were not more than enough to pay a man for looking
after them—not if he did his duty to them. What was wrong, was
making slavery so much worse than was necessary. Negroes would
improve very rapidly, if they were allowed, in any considerable
measure, the ordinary incitements to improvement. He knew hosts of
negroes who showed extraordinary talents, considering their
opportunities: there were a great many in this part of the country who
could read and write, and calculate mentally as well as the general
run of white men who had been to schools. There were Colonel
——’s negroes, some fifty of them; he did not suppose there were
any fifty more contented people in the world; they were not driven
hard, and work was stopped three times a day for meals; they had
plenty to eat, and good clothes; and through the whole year they had
from Friday night to Monday morning to do what they liked with
themselves. Saturdays, the men generally worked in their patches
(private gardens), and the women washed and mended clothes.
Sundays, they nearly all went to a Sabbath School which the
mistress taught, and to meeting, but they were not obliged to go;
they could come and go as they pleased all Saturday and Sunday;
they were not looked after at all. Only on Monday morning, if there
should any one be missing, or any one should come to the field with
ragged or dirty clothes, he would be whipped. He had often noticed
how much more intelligent and sprightly these negroes all were than
the common run; a great many of them had books and could read
and write; and on Sundays they were smartly dressed, some of them
better than he or his wife ever thought of dressing. These things
were purchased with the money they made out of their patches,
working Saturdays.
There were two other large plantations near him, in both of which the
negroes were turned out to work at half-past three every week-day
morning—I might hear the bell ring for them—and frequently they
were not stopped till nine o’clock at night, Saturday nights the same
as any other. One of them belonged to a very religious lady, and on
Sunday mornings at half-past nine she had her bell rung for Sunday
School, and after Sunday School they had a meeting, and after
dinner another religious service. Every negro on the plantation was
obliged to attend all these exercises, and if they were not dressed
clean they were whipped. They were never allowed to go off the
plantation, and if they were caught speaking to a negro from any
other place, they were whipped. They could all of them repeat the
catechism, he believed, but they were the dullest, and laziest, and
most sorrowful looking negroes he ever saw.
As a general rule, the condition of the slaves, as regards their
material comfort, had greatly improved within twenty years. He did
not know that it had in other respects. It would not be a bit safer to
turn them free to shift for themselves, than it would have been twenty
years ago. Of this he was quite confident. Perhaps they were a little
more intelligent, knew more, but they were not as capable of self-
guidance, not as much accustomed to work and contrive for
themselves, as they used to be, when they were not fed and clothed
nearly as well as now.
Beyond the excessive labour required of them on some plantations,
he did not think slaves were often treated with unnecessary cruelty. It
was necessary to use the lash occasionally. Slaves never really felt
under any moral obligation to obey their masters. Faithful service
was preached to them as a Christian duty, and they pretended to
acknowledge it, but the fact was that they were obedient just so far
as they saw that they must be to avoid punishment; and punishment
was necessary, now and then, to maintain their faith in their master’s
power. He had seventeen slaves, and he did not suppose that there
had been a hundred strokes of the whip on his place for a year past.
He asked if there were many Americans in Texas who were opposed
to slavery, and if they were free to express themselves. I said that
the wealthy Americans there were all slaveholders themselves; that
their influence all went to encourage the use of slave-labour, and
render labour by whites disreputable. “But are there not a good many
northern men there?” he asked. The northern men, I replied, were
chiefly merchants or speculators, who had but one idea, which was
to make money as fast as they could; and nearly all the little money
there was in that country was in the hands of the largest
slaveholders.
If that was the way of things there, he said, there could not be much
chance of its becoming a Free State. I thought the chances were
against it, but if the Germans continued to flock into the country, it
would rapidly acquire all the characteristic features of a free-labour
community, including an abundance and variety of skilled labour, a
home market for a variety of crops, denser settlements, and more
numerous social, educational, and commercial conveniences. There
would soon be a large body of small proprietors, not so wealthy that
the stimulus to personal and active industry would have been lost,
but yet able to indulge in a good many luxuries, to found churches,
schools, and railroads, and to attract thither tradesmen, mechanics,
professional men, and artists. Moreover, the labourers who were not
landholders would be intimately blended with them in all their
interests; the two classes not living dissociated from each other, as
was the case generally at the South, but engaged in a constant
fulfilment of reciprocal obligations. I told him that if such a character
of society could once be firmly and extensively established before
the country was partitioned out into these little independent negro