November 28, 2O23

THE EFFECTS OF THE NOLI:

TRIALS AND PERSECUTIONS
OF RIZAL’S FAMILY
01
“Since the death of Mariano, the
misfortunes which follow me have
had almost no interruption.”
02
[..]

“Now, abuse, folly, and despotism

are on the throne.”
§ Lucia was hailed before the court
and ordered to abandon the house
she had been building since her
husband’s death.
§ M a n u e l T. H i d a l g o , R i z a l ’ s 03
brother-in-law, had been ordered
to be deported. It was declared
that he incited the people to refuse
to pay and that caused the unrest
in Calamba
§ The next bad news came from
Elejorde of Calamba. He wrote:
“They have chased your
brother-in-law off their land,
and I hear they are going to do
the same with all your
supporters.” 04

§ From Silvestre Ubaldo, he had

received an order of ejectment
made by the hacienda of Calamba
against Francisco Rizal and
others.
 WRIT OF EVICTION
§ From Saturnina came a terrible
news. She wrote:
“Our parents were ordered to get 0554
out of our home. They were told
that this action was required by
order of dispossession and
ejectment against them.”
 WRIT OF EVICTION
§ Paciano, Antonio, Dandoy,
Silvestre, and Teong took the
road of banishment to Mindoro.
“I am becoming habituated to 06
these sorrows of separation,
especially when I think how
cruel misfortunes will bear fruit
for the welfare of all.”
 THE TURKEY CONTROVERSY
§ The fight of the people of Calamba
against the Dominican hacienda
was not a fight against the Church
or religion.
07
§ The Dominicans were oppressive
landlords, not because they
belonged to the Church but in spite
of it. Their conduct toward the
tenants was treason to the Church
and to their Christian professions.
 THE TURKEY CONTROVERSY
“ O n e d a y, b r o t h e r - m a n a g e r o f t h e
hacienda asked for a turkey and my
father had to say that he had none to
spare for nearly all of them had died.
08
The brother was furious at this answer
and ended by saying: ‘You will pay for
t h i s ’ . . . A f e w d a y s l a t e r, m y p a r e n t s
received a paper written by the manager
saying that the rental of my father’s land
was being increased one-third.”
THE HACIENDA
November 28, 2O23

LUISITA CASE 09
 HACIENDA LUISITA
§ It is a large piece of prime agricultural
land that the Cojuangco family has
used as a sugar cane field. 10
 HACIENDA LUISITA
§ The estate was originally under the
control of the Spanish owned by the
Tabacalera.
11
§ Since its acquisition in 1882,
different people occupied the estate.
§ These occupants included American
and Japanese.
 HACIENDA LUISITA
§ In 1958, the Cojuangcos behind the
company named Tarlac Development
Corporation (TADECO) obtained the
farm from the Spanish with the condition 12
to distribute it to small farmers.
§ The 10-year grace period that TADECO
had to distribute the land elapsed, and
farmers started pushing for their rights.
 HACIENDA LUISITA
§ Since that time, there were several
court battles until 1988.
§ In this year, Cory Aquino, who was 13
the president, signed into law an
Act with a clause called the Stock
Distribution Option (SDO).
 PAPER #2
§ Following the discussion today,
write a paper on the issues on
land ownership both in the 19th 13
Century and now.
- Include the Turkey issue and the
Hacienda Luisita