HEPATOGNOSIS:

A Proposed Liver Treatment and Medical Research Facility

MANUBAY, Arthur Bryant S.

Technological Institute of the Philippines

Manila

May 2024
 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
and Medical Research Facility

List of Tables
Table 1: Site Selection Criteria ................................................................................. 11
Table 2: SWOT Analysis ........................................................................................... 29
Table 3: Occupancy Classification ............................................................................ 44
Table 4: Rule VII and VIII Computation .................................................................... 46
Table 5: Liver Cancer Growth Rate Philippine Health Statistics (2020) .................... 61
Table 6: Liver Cancer Growth Rate .......................................................................... 61
Table 7: Liver Cancer Projection Growth .................................................................. 62
Table 8: Total Number of Liver Patients Admissions per Year .................................. 62
Table 9: Length of Confinement ............................................................................... 62
Table 10: Total Number of Beds for Liver Disease/Liver Cancer Patients ................ 62
Table 11: Total Number of Beds per Nurse Station ................................................... 63
Table 12: Total Number of Outpatients per Day ........................................................ 63
Table 13: Bed Distribution ........................................................................................ 63
Table 14: Medical Professionals and Staff Demand ................................................. 68
Table 15: Space Programming ................................................................................. 74
Table 16: Space Programming ................................................................................. 80
Table 17: Bed Rates ................................................................................................ 81
Table 18: Outpatient Rates ...................................................................................... 81
Table 19: Outpatient Charges ................................................................................... 82
Table 20: Blood Bank .............................................................................................. 82
Table 21: Immunology .............................................................................................. 82
Table 22: Tumor Marker ........................................................................................... 83
Table 23: Hepatitis Profile......................................................................................... 83
Table 24: Bacteriology .............................................................................................. 83
Table 25: Hematology............................................................................................... 84
Table 26: Microscopy................................................................................................ 84
Table 27: Histopathology ......................................................................................... 85
Table 28: Chemistry ................................................................................................. 89
Table 29: Radiology .................................................................................................. 90
Table 30: CT scan ................................................................................................... 91
Table 31: Ultrasound ............................................................................................... 92
Table 32: Magnetic Resonance Imaging .................................................................. 92
Table 33: Expenses .................................................................................................. 93

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 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
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List of Figures
Figure 1: DOH Logo ................................................................................................... 7
Figure 2: DOST Logo ................................................................................................. 7
Figure 3: PCSO Logo ................................................................................................. 8
Figure 4: PAGCOR Logo ............................................................................................ 8
Figure 5: Quezon City LGU Logo ............................................................................... 9
Figure 6: National Capital Region (NCR) ................................................................. 12
Figure 7: Quezon City Map ...................................................................................... 13
Figure 8: Matandang Balara Community District ...................................................... 14
Figure 9: Quezon City Zoning Map .......................................................................... 15
Figure 10: Quezon City Moad of Transportation Map ............................................... 16
Figure 11: Quezon City Bus Map.............................................................................. 17
Figure 12: Quezon City Road Network Map ............................................................. 18
Figure 13: CBD-Knowledge Community District Police Stations .............................. 19
Figure 14: Matandang Balara Land Use map ........................................................... 19
Figure 15: Quezon City Soil Slope Map ................................................................... 20
Figure 16: Quezon City Soil Map ............................................................................. 21
Figure 17: Quezon City Flood Susceptibility Map ..................................................... 21
Figure 18: Quezon City Intensity Scale Distribution Map ......................................... 22
Figure 19: Quezon City Power Supply Map ............................................................. 23
Figure 20: Quezon City Water Supply Connection Areas ......................................... 24
Figure 21: Quezon City Communication Providers .................................................. 25
Figure 22: Vicinity Map ............................................................................................. 26
Figure 23: Site Location ........................................................................................... 26
Figure 24: West Valley Fault..................................................................................... 27
Figure 25: Site Analysis ............................................................................................ 28
Figure 26: Paras Hospital ......................................................................................... 30
Figure 27: Steno Diabetes Center ............................................................................ 31
Figure 28: Qilu Hospital ............................................................................................ 32
Figure 29: Isla Meppel Hopsital ................................................................................ 33
Figure 30: National Kidney and Transplant Institute ................................................. 34
Figure 31: Saint Luke’s Medical Center.................................................................... 35
Figure 32: Live Foreve-r: Proposed Liver Center of the Philippines ......................... 36
Figure 33: Podium + Tower Typological Model ......................................................... 39
Figure 34: Post and Lintel ........................................................................................ 40
Figure 35: Self-Healing Concrete ............................................................................. 40
Figure 36: Steel ........................................................................................................ 41
Figure 37: Wood ....................................................................................................... 41
Figure 38: Natural Stone .......................................................................................... 41
Figure 39: Rubber Flooring ...................................................................................... 42
Figure 40: Breakdown of Malignant Neoplasm Deaths in the Philippines (2019) ..... 60
Figure 41: Global Cancer Observatory Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence
(2020) ....................................................................................................................... 60
Figure 42: Ranks by Causes of Death in the Philippines (2021-2022) ..................... 60
Figure 43: Ground Floor Bubble Diagram ................................................................ 74

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Figure 44: Second Floor Bubble Diagram ................................................................ 75

Figure 45: Third Floor Bubble Diagram .................................................................... 75
Figure 46: Initial Form Evolution ............................................................................... 76
Figure 47: Initial Form Analysis ................................................................................ 77
Figure 48: Initial Building Massing ............................................................................ 78
Figure 49: Initial Schematic Design .......................................................................... 79
Figure 50: Low-Emissivity Glass .............................................................................. 96
Figure 51: Anti Seismic Foundation .......................................................................... 96
Figure 52: HEPA Filter .............................................................................................. 97
Figure 53: Variable Refrigerant Flow ........................................................................ 97
Figure 54: Green Roof.............................................................................................. 98
Figure 55: Electronic Health Record System ............................................................ 98

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Project Title…………………………………………………………..…………………..…………… I
Approval Sheet…………………………………………………………………..…………………… II
List of Tables ……….……………………………………………………………………………… III
List of Figures…………………………………………………………..………………..…………… IV
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………..…………………… V
Chapter 1: Project Background…………………………………………………………… 6
The Project………………………………………………………………………... 6
Project Objectives………………………………………………………………… 6
The Client……………………………………………………..…………………… 7
Project Scope and Limitations…………………………………………………… 9
Project Development……………………………………………………………… 10
Chapter 2: Site Justification……………………………………………………...………… 10
Site Selection Criteria…………………………………………………..………… 10
Macro-Meso Site Analysis: Region/Province/Town……………………..……. 11
Micro Site Analysis: The Site and Its Immediate Environs…………………... 26
Chapter 3: Design Inputs………………………………………………………….………. 30
A. Design Standards and Pertinent Laws………………………..……………. 37
B. Design Inputs………………………………………………………………… 38
Chapter 4: Architectural Programming……………………………………………..……. 44
A. Architectural Design Development………………….………..…………… 44
Site Planning and Site Programming………………………………… 38
Building Design Program………………………..…………………….. 47
Design Constraints………………………..……………………………. 76
Initial Design Translation………………………..……………..………. 76
B. Architectural Engineering
Project Cost Analysis…………………………………………………… 80
Building Utilities…………………………………………………………. 94
Building Technology……………………………………………………. 96
Chapter 5: Design Translation……………………………………………………………. 99
Reference…………………………………………………………………………………… 109
Appendices………………………………………………………………………………….. 102

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 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
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A. THE PROJECT
Liver diseases is a major health problem globally. According to the latest data published by the World
Cancer Research Institute in 2022, Liver cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers among
men, it ranks as the sixth most common cancer to occur in men and ninth most commonly occurring
cancer among women.
In the Philippines, Liver diseases related deaths reached 9,446 or a total of 1.7 percent of the total deaths
from January to November 2022, ranking it 14th out of 50 most common causes of deaths in the country
according to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA).
According to the latest data from the World Health Organization (WHO), liver cancer related deaths in
the Philippines reached 6,401 in 2019. Liver cancer has been ranked as the 4th most deadly malignant
neoplasm related disease to occur that year. In the following year, 2020, liver cancer related deaths have
risen to 7,663 or 1.14 percent of total deaths, the age adjusted death rate is 9.73 per 100,000 population
ranking the Philippines 30th in the world. Meanwhile, liver disease related deaths in the country since
2019 has reached 7,803 which significantly went down to 7,076 or 1.05 percent of the total deaths in the
following year, the age adjusted death rate for liver disease is 8.65 per 100,000 of the population ranks
the Philippines 135th in the world. Although deaths related to liver diseases have gone down, people
developing liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis have an increased chance of developing liver cancer,
according to the National Cancer Institute.
The National Nutrition Council (NNC) has described liver diseases as a “silent epidemic” because of the
increasing number of Filipinos being diagnosed with Liver diseases, according to experts, unhealthy
lifestyle influenced by western diet and habits is said to be among the factors leading to the rising
numbers. Representative Juliet Marie De Leon Ferrer from the Congress of the Philippines seeks to
answer these problems with her introduction of House Bill 123 or the Act of Establishing the Liver Center
of the Philippines. The house bill seeks to address the liver related problems in the country and further
prevent the rising concern about liver diseases by establishing a hospital that specializes in all kinds of
liver disease concerns.
The creation of the institutional specialized hospital that specializes on liver treatment and care would
provide a state-of-the art diagnosis center and aims to establish a liver rehabilitation, treatment and
transplant center for public welfare. It will serve as a leading hospital that would offer comprehensive care
for patients with liver related diseases and also serve as a training institution for medical and paramedical
profession relating to liver disease treatment and transplant. Lastly, the facility would also serve as a
research center on the prevention and treatment of blood liver diseases and those related to liver
regeneration and transplant services.

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B. PROJECT OBLECTIVES
The main purpose of the proposed project is to provide a facility that is suitable to serve as a lead facility
that will cater to the needs of the general public’s welfare and provide medical services to patients with
liver related diseases.
The following are the additional objectives of this study:
• To manage the number of people with liver cancer and disease in the Philippines.
• To establish a facility that will specialize in liver transplant, and rehabilitation.
• To offer comprehensive care for patients with liver diseases.
• To establish a facility that will provide medical training and research center for liver-related
diseases and cures.

C. THE CLIENT
C.1. Government Agencies

Figure 1: DOH Logo

DOH – Department of Health

The Department of Health (DOH) is the principal health agency in the Philippines. It is responsible for
ensuring access to basic public health services for all Filipinos through the provision of quality health care
and regulation of providers of health goods and services.

Figure 2: DOST Logo

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 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
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DOST – Department of Science and Technology

The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) is the premiere science and technology body in the
country charged with pursuing the state policy of supporting local efforts in science, technology, and
research and development.

Figure 3: PCSO Logo

PCSO – Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office

The Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO) is the principal government agency for raising and
providing funds for health programs, medical assistance and services, and charities of national character.
The PCSO has since remained to be an indispensable charity arm of the government, frequently
summoned to provide funding for essential health and welfare activities and projects nationwide.

Figure 4: PAGCOR Logo

PAGCOR- Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation

PAGCOR is one of the leading government agencies that generates revenues regulating and operating
casinos in the Philippines, the agency is another government agency that supports and funds socio-
civic programs as well as national development and nation building programs.

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 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
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Figure 5: Quezon City LGU Logo

Local Government of Quezon City

The Local Government Unit of Quezon City may also provide funding to the project since it is mandated
by law that LGU’s are encourage to undertake efforts to support the implementation of the Philippine
Health Facility Development Plan (PHFDP) 2020-2040. This plan is the country’s overall strategy in
infrastructure and medical investments.

C.2. Users
People Affected by Liver Cancer and Liver Related Diseases
The proposed project will cater to the needs of the local population affected with liver cancer and related
diseases as well as the needs of the surrounding regions in close proximity of NCR
Medical Professionals
The proposed project would provide a new facility that will generate job opportunities for medical
professionals within the location.

D. PROJECT SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The scope of this project proposal is to provide a state-of-the art medical facility that will cater to the
increasing number of people affected with liver diseases in the country, particularly the National Capital
Region (NCR). In addition to this, the project also aims to serve as the lead hospital to provide
comprehensive care, offer transplant and treatment. In addition, it will also serve as a research and
teaching facility that focuses on liver related diseases and cures.
Since this study focuses primarily on liver disease and cancer patients, it will not provide any services
unrelated to liver illnesses. The project will limit to provide an in-depth structural engineering design,
detailing, and computation of the proposed project as well as mechanical layout and detailed utility plans.

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 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
and Medical Research Facility

E. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
User Characteristics - Available data should be HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed
- Demand Analysis properly and carefully Liver Treatment and Medical
- Total Affected Population analyzed and assessed in Research Facility
order to identify the
Site Characteristics problem that the project
- Macro-Meso Analysis might experience and
- Micro Analysis assessed. the possible
- Zoning solutions for it.
SWOT Analysis - Analyzing and
understanding similar
Review of Related Literature projects should be
- Foreign and Local Related considered especially when
Studies it comes to space planning
- Similar Project and their concept could be
Development applied to the project if
applicable.
Pertinent Laws - Provide a design output
- DOH Design and Planning that is able to support the
Guidelines available data.
- National Building Code of
the Philippines
- B.P. 344
- R.A. 9514
- R.A. 1378
- R.A. 856

CHAPTER II: SITE JUSTIFICATION

A. SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
Less Score
Criteria Weight Satisfactory Excellent
Satisfactory Site A Site B
The site can be The site is
The site is in a
used to cater located in an
Land Use non-institutional
15 an institutional institutional 10 10
and Zoning zone
facility zone
(5)
(10) (15)
The site has
The site has The site is
extremely
Topography 10 uneven terrain relatively flat 10 10
uneven terrain
(5) (10)
(3)
The site is
The site is not The site is
Accessibility 10 accessible to 10 10
accessible in accessible to
private and

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any mode of private public

transportation vehicles transportation
(3) (5) (10)
The site has no The site has
available power access to
supply, water Utilities are power supply,
supply, present but water supply,
Utilities 10 10 10
communication limited communication
lines, drainage (5) lines, drainage
and sewer lines and sewer lines
(3) (10)
The site is within The site is right The site is not
Susceptibility a 10-meter outside a 10- close to a 10-
to 10 radius from a meter radius meter radius 10 10
Earthquake fault line from a fault line from a fault line
(3) (5) (10)
The site las
The site has The site is not
low
Susceptibility severe history of susceptible to
10 susceptibility to 5 10
to Flooding flooding flooding
flooding
(3) (10)
(5)
The site is less The site is
The site is 1.25
than 1.25 more than 4
Lot Area 15 to 4 hectares 10 10
hectares hectares
(10)
(5) (15)
Proximity to
The site is
the Following The site is
The site is located within
Facilities located nearby
remote from a few minutes
(Hospital, 10 from these 10 10
these facilities from these
Fire Station, facilities
(3) facilities
Police (10)
(5)
Station)
The soil type in The soil type in
The soil type in
the site is loam the site is clay
the site is sandy
which has which has low
Soil Type 10 and has high 10 10
medium permeability
permeability
permeability (10)
(3)
(5)
100% TOTAL 85 90
Table 1: Site Selection Criteria

Based on the site criteria comparing both potential sites, the proposed project is best suited on the site
along commonwealth avenue due to the lot being less susceptible to flooding, as well as being closer to
other specialized hospital within the area. In addition to this, the lot also has more area compared to the
site in Fairview, allowing for a more flexible space planning and the site is more accessible to it being
located within two primary road networks.

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 HEPATOGNOSIS: A proposed Liver Treatment
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B. MACRO-MESO SITE ANALYSIS:

B.1 REGION: NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION (NCR)

Figure 6: National Capital Region (NCR)

National Capital Region or NCR also known as Metropolitan Manila or Metro Manila is the administrative
region in the Philippines. situated in the central section of Luzon, and is considered as the political,
economic, social, cultural, and educational center of the Philippines. Metro Manila as a whole is the seat
of government while the capital is located in Manila.
As per Presidential Decree No. 824, Metropolitan Manila comprises of 16 cities, according to the 2020
Census of Population Housing and Housing released by the Philippine Statistics Authority, Metro Manila’s
current population is 13,484,462 as of May 2020. The top 3 most populated cities in Metro Manila are
Quezon City as the most populous city with 2,960,048 inhabitants followed by Manila 1,846,513 and
Caloocan with 1,661,184 inhabitants.
Metro Manila is the biggest contributor in the country’s national economic output with 31.4%. according
to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), the region’s economic performance grew to 7.2% in 2022
from 4.4% in 2021, the total value of Metro Manila’s service grew to 5.14 trillion pesos in 2022 from 4.76
trillion pesos in 2021 which equates to 8.1% growth.

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