SUB: ADVANCED SURVEYING PRACTICES

TOPIC 1
PROCEDURE FOR TRAVERSE SURVEY WITH THEODOLITE

A traverse survey with theodolite should be conducted according to the following steps:

Step 1 Reconnaissance: The area to be surveyed is first thoroughly examined to decide the best possible way of starting
the work.

Step 2 Marking the Stations: The traverse stations are marked on the ground by wooden pegs with nails on top.

Step 3 Measurement of interior Angles: The interior angles of the traverse are measured by the method of measuring
horizontal angles.

Step 4 Measurement of Magnetic Bearing:

Step 5 Correction of Measured Angles: The observed angles are not correct.
Correct sum of angles = (2n – 4) x 900
= (2 x 5 – 4) x 900 = 54000’
Table 9.12 Traverse Table
Instrument Object Face Angle Mean angle of observation Lengths of sides WCB
station
A E Left <A -------------- FB of AB = 30030’
B <A =73031’ AB = 66.6
A E Right <A BB of AB = 210030’
B
B A Left <B
C <B =107042’ BC = 135.7
B A Right <B
C
C B Left <C
D <C =18708’ CD = 66.3
C B Right <C
D
D C Left <D
E <D =77030’ DE = 76.6
D C Right <D
E
E D Left <E
A <E =9407’ EA = 214.3
E D Right <E
A
TOTAL = 539058’
Detailed measurements are not shown here. Only the final angles are indicated for the preparation of Gale’s table

Error = 539058’ - 5400 = - 002’

𝟏𝟐𝟎"
Correction per angle = + 𝟓 = + 24”
Step 8 Location of interior Details: The interior details may be located by (a) the transit and tape method

(b) The plane table method.

 TOPIC 2
HORIZENTAL CURVE SETTING BY DEFLECTION ANGLE METHOD OR RANKINE’S
METHOD

 STEPS TO REMEMBER FOR CALCULATING DATA:

1. Tangent length
2. Curve length
3. Chainage of first tangent point
4. Chainage of second tangent point
5. Initial sub-chord
6. Number of full chords
7. Final sub chord
8. Deflection angle for initial sub-chord
9. Deflection angle for full chord
10. Deflection angle for final sub-chord
11. Arithmetical check
12. Data for field check
13. Setting out table