.~ . 6. SETS & RELATIONS ..

Set Definition : Any collection of well defined objects is called a set. The obj~cts in a set are called its
numbers or tltmtna.
Empty Set, Non-Empty Set:
A set consisting of no elements is called an empty set or null set or void set and is denoted by the
symbol q, or { }. Ex: (1) {x e RI x 2 < o} 2
Ex: (2) {x Ix is a real number andx + l =0}

A set which has atlcast one element is called a non-empty set.

Singleton set : A set consisting of only one element is called a singleton set.
Finite Set : A set in which the process of counting of elements surely comes to an end is called a finite
set.
Infinite Set : A set which is not finite is called an infinite set. In other words, a set in which the process of
counting of elements does not come to an end is called an lnftnite set.
Cardinal Number of a finite set :
The number of distinct elements contained in a' finite set A is called its cardinal mmbEr to be deooed by n( A).
Equal Sets:
Two sets A and B are said to be equal if every elements of A is an clement of B and every element of
B is an element of A. i.e, x e A => x e B and y e B => y e A, then A and B are equal, and we write A = B

Equivalent sets :
Two finite sets A and B are said to be equivalent, if n(A) = n(B).
Clearly equal sets are equivalent, but equivalent sets need not be equal.
Equivalence of two sets is denoted by the symbol • - '. Thus if A and B are equivalent sets,
we write A - B which is read as 'A is equivalent to B'.

Subset and super set :

The set B is said to be subset of set A if every element of set B is also an element of set A. Symbolically
we write it as, B A or A ;:;i B, where A is super set of B.
i) B A is read as B is contained in A or B is subset of A or A is super set of B.

ii) A ;:;i Bis read as A contains B or B is a subset of A or A is super set of B.

Proper Subset :
The set B is said to be a proper subset of set A if every element of set B is an element of A whereas
some element of A is not an element of B.
We write it as B c A and read it as •B is a proper subset of A'. Thus B is a proper subset of A if every
element of B is an element of A and there is atleast one element in A which is not in B.
Note: NcWcZcQcRcC

[ill]+ ..•i-•_ _ _ _ _ _____....i... +i, ELITE SERIES for Sri Chaltanva Sr. ICON Students I
 OBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS
p0 wer Set: IIA . part2
·+------- •...:••:.! SETS & RELATIONS l
The set fonned by all th ••.
p(A). HA contains n ele e subsets of · . · usu all Y deno ted by
a given set A 1s called the power set of A, 11· 1s
rnent, then P(A)
Universal set : contains 2• subsets.
A set containing all the 1
either 'U' or 'X' . e ements under cons1deratton
· · · denoted bY
• ·is known as universal set an d 111s
U11io11 of sets :

The union of two sets A and B .

· either in A or in B • ' denoted by A u B is the set of all those elements, each one of which
1s or 10 both A and B
/11tersectio11 of sets : ·
The intersection of two set
A and B. s A and B, denoted by An B is the set of all elements, common to both
Disjoi11t Sets and Intersecting Sets:
i) Two sets A and B · •
are said 10 be disjoint if An B = cp
ii) If A n B :;t <I> then A and B . ' .
Difference of Sets :
' are said to be intersecting or overlapping sets.

If A and B are two sets the th . d'

belong to B. • n eir tfference A - B is the set of all those elements of A which do not

AnB
A,B are two sets, then
(1) A-B={xlxeA but xeB}

(2) B-A={xlxeBbut xeA} Generally A-B:;tB-A

(3) (A-B)n _
B=cp, (A-B)uB=AuB (4) A-(A-B)=AnB
Symmetric Difference of two sets :

The symmetric difference of two sets A and B denoted by AM is thi; set (A-B)u(B-A).
i.e,

AAf3=(A-B)u(B-A)={xlxe A or B butxe:AnB}= (AuB)-(AnB)

1) MB=BM 2) AM=<!> 3) M<!>=<!>M=A 4) MB=<!>~A=B
Complime11t of a set :
Let U be the uni versa! set and Ac U , then the complement of A , denoted by A' or
Acor A orU-Aisdefinedas A'={x:xeUandxeA}
(1) AuA=U (2) AnA=<I> (3) (ACf =A

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[ SETS & RELATIONS J+~•i+-•-------.•-++!•+! OBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A · Pa'!_3]
ldempolellf Laws : For any set A, we have
(i) A uA =A (ii) A nA = A
Identity Laws : For any set A , we have (i) A u<j)=A (ii) A nu =A

Co11111111tative Laws : For any two sets A and B we have

(i) AuB=BuA (ii) AnB=BnA.
Associative Laws :
If A, B and C are any three sets, then
(i) (AuB)uC=Au(BuC) (ii) An(BnC)=(AnB)nC
Distrib11tive Laws :
If A, B and C are any three sets, then
(i) Au(BnC)=(AuB)n(AuC) (ii) An(BuC)=(AnB)u(AnC)
De-111orga11 's Laws : If A and B are any two sets, then (i) (Au B)' = A' n 8 1 (ii) (An B)' = A' u B'
Some very important results on Cardinal mm1bers :
i) 11(A u B) = n(A) + n(B)-n(A n B)

ii) n(A u B) = n(A) + n(B) <=> A and B are disjoint non void sets.
iii) n(A uBuC) =n(A)+n(B)+n(C)-n(AnB)- n(BnC)-n(C nA)+n(A nBnC)
iv) n(A-B)=n(A)-n(AnB)=n(AnB') = n(AuB)-n(B)
v) n(B~A) =n(B)-n(A nB) = n(A' nB) = n(A uB)-n(A)
vi) n(AM)= n[(A-B)u(B-A)]=n(A)+n(B)-2n(AnB)= n(AuB)-n(AnB)
vii) n(A') = n(U) -n(A)
viii) n(A' u B') =n(U) - n(A n B)
ix) n(A' n i) =n(U)- n(A u B)
x) Let n(A) = p and n(B) = q, where A and B are · two sets having different elements.
Then i) Max{p,q} :S:n(AuB):S: p+q

ii) 0:S:n(AnB):S:Min{p,q}

xi) No. of elements in exactly one of the sets A, B,

=n(A)+n(B)+n(C)-2n(A nB)- 2n(BnC) -2n(A nC)+3n(A nBnC)
xii) No. of elements in exactly two of the sets A,B,C=n(A_nB)+n(BnC)+n(CnA)-3n(AnBnC)

III. VEN Diagrams

1) A,B are two sets then

2) A,B,C are 3 sets then

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[@!=CTIVE MATHEMATICS II A_ Part & RELATIONS]

1) A(')B 2) A(')B' I) AnBnC 2) AnBnC ' 3) A 'nBnC 4) A n B 'n C

3) A '(')B 4) AhB' 5) AnB'nC ' 6) A'n BnC ' 7) A'nB 'nC 8) A'nB 'n C '

SYNOPSIS O N RELATIONS
Ordered Pair:
J.
A pair of elements listed m
· order m
· brackets 1s
. called an ordered parr
· denoted by (a, b)
i) (a,b) * (b,a) ii) (a,b) =(c,d) <=>a= c,b =d I·

2· If A, B are non empty sets then set of all ordered parrs

. (a, b) where aE A, b E B , 1s
· ca11ed Cart esian
·
Product of A and B. It is denoted by AxB. Ax B = { (a,b)I a EA, b E BJ
i) In General AxB:t:BxA ·
ii) If AX B = B x A A =B
iii) n(A)=p, n(B) =q then n(AxB) =pq =n(BxA)
iv) n(A) =p, n(B) = q, n(C) = r then n(AxBxC) =pqr
v) n(A(')B)=m then n,{(AxB)n(BxA)}=m 2
3. If A, Bare non empty sets then every sub set of AxB is a relation R from A to B.
4. If R is a relation from A to B then
i) Domain of R : {a l(a,b) ER} is called the domain of R. i.e., the set of all l '' element,s of all orde_r
pairs in the relation R.

ii) Ran ge of R: {bl(a,b)ER}is the called the Range of R which is a subset i.e., the set .of all 2" d
elements of all ordered pairs in the Relation R.

5. i) If R is a relation from A to B and (x,y) ER, then xis related toy under the relation R
we write this as xRy
ii) If n(A) = m,n(B) = n then
1) the number of possible relations from A to B is 2m•
2
2) the number of possible relations from A to A is i<m l
2
3) the number of possible relations from B to B is 2 <n l
Note : If R, Sare two relations from A to B, then RuS, RnS, R-S are_relations from A to B.

6. Void _R elation: cp ~Ax B. So cp is also a relation from A to B. This relation <P is called as null relation

or void relation.
7. Universal Rela tion: AxB~ AxB. So AxB is also a relation from A to Band it is called as Universal

Relation.
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I SETS & RELATIONS I+-!- ++[oBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A _- Part_]
8 nd
8. lnv.erse of a Relation : If Risa relation from A to B then R- 1 is a relation from to A a is defined
by R- 1 = ((b, a)l(a, b)e RI.
i) aRb~bR- 1a r
ii) (R- 1 1 =R
1
iii) a) Domain of R- 1 = Range of R, b) Range of R- = Domain of R
1
iv) If R~AxB and (a,b)eR then R- 1 ~BxA and (b,a)eR-
v) If R is a relation from A to B and R !;; R- 1 then R = R-
1

th
9. Identity Relation : Let A be a non-empty set then the Relation {(a,a)/ a e A} is called e identity
relation on A. It is denoted by I,.,
Ex: Let A = Ia,b,c,d) then I,..= ( (a,a), (b,b), (c,c), (d,d)) is the identity relation on A.
10. Compositive Relation : If R is a relation from A to B and Sis a relation from B to C respectively then
the set of all ordered pairs (a, c) whenever(a,b) e Rand (b,c) e S is called composite relation of R
and S from A to C is denoted by SoR .
:. SoR = {(a,c)/(a,b) ER and (b,c) Es} I: AX C

Types of Relations :
1. Reflexive Relation: A Relation R on a set A is said to be reflexive if every element of A is related to
it self. i.e., -¥-a e (a,a) e R
Note: Ha set A contains n elements then the number of reflexive relations from A to A is 2n(,t-1J

Ex: Let A= {1, 2, 3) be a set then R = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (1,3), (2,1)) is a Reflexive Relation on A
But R =((1,1), (3,3), (2,1), (3,2), (1,2)} is not a reflexive relation on set A because 2 e A, but (2,2) i R1
2. Symmetric Relation: . A Relation Ron a set A is said to be symmetric if (a,b) ER<::> (b,a) ER
n(n+l)
2
Note: i) H a set A contains n elements then number of symmetric relations from A to A is 2
ii) If R is a symmetric Relation then R = R- 1
Ex: Let A = { 1, 2, 3, 4} be a set then R = {(1,3)(1,4)(3,1)(2,2)(4,1)} is a Symmetric Relation on A
But R = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (1,3)} is not a Symmetric relation on set A because (1,3)e Ri, but
1
(3,l)i R1
3 . . Anti Symmetric Relation : If Risa Relation on a set A such that H aRb and bRa then a= b, then
R is called Anti Symmetric Relation on A.
Note : A relation which not Symmetric need not be Anti Symmetric.
Ex: The relation '5.' on the set R of real numbers is Anti Symmetric because ag, and bgz
-¥-a,beR
4. Transitive Relation: ARelatic;m Ron a setA is said to be transitive if aRb and bRc aRc Va,b,c e A
Ex: On the set N,R is defined by aRb b is transitive because a,b,c EN, a < b and b < c c
5. Equivalence Relation : A relation on a set A is said to be an equivalence relation on A, if it is
i) Reflexive ii) Symmetric and iii) Transitive
6. Partial Order Relation : A Relation Ron a set A is said to be a partial ordered relation on A if it is
i) Reflexive ii) Anti Symmetric and iii) Transitive
Note : In Real Numbers <, ~; in sets c,~ are not equivalence relations.

[iliJ+..i,f...., _________.,_..!••!, ELITE SERIES for Sri Chaitanva Sr. ICON Student~
 OBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A. Part 2 +..__ ____..,..i•+I SETS & RELATIONS I
LECTURE SHEET~

The number of elements 10

· th
-f• --[ EXERCISE i + · ·
1
· e set. ((a, b)/ 2a2 + 3,r = 35 , a, bE z) when z is the set of aU mlegers 1s
2
l) 2) 4 3) 8 4) 12
2. If sets A and B are defined ·
as A =( (x,y )l y =e ', xe R}, B =( (x,y)f y = x,x ER} , then
1 2> AcB
) Be A 3) AnB=t 4) AuB=A
2
3 If A={(x, y) lx + y2 <4·
· - • x,y e R) and B={ (x,y)fx 2 + y2 ~9; x,ye R) , then
1) A-B-lj,
- 2) B-A=, 3) AriB;t:, 4) AnB=f

4. If sets A and Bare defined as A = {cx,y)/ y =;,Oct XE R } , B ={

(x,y)f y =-x, XE RI, then

l) AnB = A 2) AnB=B 3) AnB=q> 4) AnB=AuB

5. Let A={(x,y)l y =e-'.xE R),B=((x,y) l y=e- x,x E R) , then

l) AnB=$ 2) AnB;t:q, 3) AuB=N 4) AuB=Z

6. If A={(x,y)ly= ~ ,x :t o} and B =((x,y)/x 2 +y2= 8, x,yER}, then

I) A n B = <!> II) A n B :;, <j>

ID) An B contains two points only ·

IV) An B contains 4 points only
The true statements are :
1) I, II 2) II, ill 3) ill, IV 4) II, IV

7. If A={(x, y)I x2 + y2 = 25 ) B={(x,y)lx2+9y2 =144} then AnB contains

1) one point 2) three points 3) two points 4) four points

8. If A={(x,y)Jy2 =x, x,y E R) and B ={(x,y)l y =lx l, x,y E R), then

I) A n B =<j> II) A n B :t <j>
III) A n B contains two points only
IV) A n B contains three points only. The true statements are :
1) I, II 2) II, ill 3) ill, IV 4) II, IV
9. A set A has 3 elements and another set B has 6 elements. Then
1) 3;5;n(Au8);5;6 2) 3;5;n(Au8);5;9 3) 6;5;n(AuB);5;9 4) 0;5;n(AuB);5;9

10. Let Ube the universal set for sets A and B. If n(A) = 200, 11(8)=300 and n(A n B) = 100 . Then
n(A' n B') is equal to 300, provided that n(U) is equal to ·
1) 600 2) 700 3) 800 4) 900
[§:LITE SERIES for Sri Chaltanya Sr. ICON Students - - - - - --•i++• +ITffi
 SETS & RELATIONS • + ,j, • OBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A. p ~
I I. If"(U) =60, n(A) =35, n(B) =24 and n(A u B)' =10 then n(A n B) is 0

1)9 2)8 3)6 4)7

0

12 · 1\v fitnJte
· sets· have m and " elements. The total num ber Of su bsets ·of the first set is 56 more th an t]
tota] nuber of subsets of the second set. The values of m and are
I) m == 7, n:::: 6 11

13 2) m == 6, n =3
3) m = 5, n = 1 ·
4) m = 8, n-::. 7
· A surv,y shows that 63% of the Americans like cheese whereas 7 % like apples. If x% of the
Americans like both cheese and apples, then 6

l)x = 39 2) x = 63 3) 3% x< 63 4) 30 <x<80

14. Consider the set A of all detenninants of onlec 3 with entries O nC I ou!y. Let B be the subset of A
consisting
value of all determinants with value I. Let
- I, then c be the subset Of the set of all determinants With
I) C is elllpty
3) A ==Bue
2) B has as many elements as C
4) n(B) = 2 h(C)
15. Out of 800 boys in a scboni 224 played cricket, 240 played hockey and 336 played haskitball. Of
the tot"), 64 played both basketball and hockey; 80 played cricket and basketball and 40 played
is
cricket ·and hockey; 24 played all the three games. The nUmbe; of boys who did not play any gam,
I) 160
2) 240
3) 216
4) 128
16. Each student in a class of 40, ; tudies at toast ooc of the sobject\ Engtish, Mathematics arid.Economics.
/. 16 study English, 22 Economics and 26 Mathematics, 5 study English and Economic, 14 Matbema1ics
and Economics
Mathematics butand
not 2Economics
study all tbe
is ihree subjects. The number of students wl10 study English aad
I) 7
2) 5
3) 10
4) 4tea; 42 workers took
17. A group of 123 workers went to a caateen for cool drinks, ice - cream aad
ice-cream ; 36 tea and 30 cool drinks ; 15 workers purchased ice cream aad tea; IO ice cream aod
cool drinks; 4 cooJ drinks and toa. b"' not ice cream; 11 took ice cream and .tea bot .not cool' drirucs
Number of workers that did not purchase anything is
I) 54
-2) 64 ·
l
Ii
3) 56
4) 44
J8. In a class of 60 stodents, 23 play Hockey, 15 pl ay Basket hall and 20 play c,icket
7 play Hockey and BasKet Ball, 5 play cdcket and Basket baJi , 4 play Hockey and Cdcke1 '"" /I
15 students do not play any of these games. Then

I) 4 play Hockey, Basket ball and Cricket

2) 20 play Hockey but not Cricket

3) I plays Hockey and Cricket but not Basket ball

4) all above are correct

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I'
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@
J In
I' ·
crtVE MATHEMATICS II A - Part 21+ -t~
·1 certain to,
·
25 °' ..
____.;.~
6 ~'il- rarni lie~ own neither n phone
vn ·,r fam1li e, own a phone and I 5q own a car. ·· · . · h.
or a •·ir '1000 r . . th fO II ing , taterncnts 111 t 1s
n ~. · - anultc, ow n both a car and a phone. Con, rd cr c ow ·
regard .
A) JO<;;- fnmi lie~ o,, n both a cur and a phone 8 ) 35% farnilcs own either a car or u phone
Cl 40,000 fa milie, live in the town. Wh ich of the following ~tatements nrc correct
I) A and B ) A 111d C 3) B and C 4) A, B and C
2
Relatio th
ns 1 · I( ) <Y x EA. y E BI
2 . lr e re all on R : A 8 where A=l 1.2.3.4 1, B = 11. 3. 51 is defi ned by R = x._v : x . '
0
then RoR- t = 4
2 5 3
I) {(I, ), '<t, 5), (2, 3), (2. 5), (3, 5), (4, 5)) 2) {(3, 1), (5, 1), (3, 2), (5, ), ( , ), (S, ))
3
3) ((3, 3), (3, 5), .(5, 3); (5, 5)) 4) {(3, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)) 2
21. ~et A be set of fi rst Jen natural numbers and R be a relati on on A. defin ed by (x. y ) e R x + >' = IO'

then do main of R is
4 6 8
I) (I, 2, 3: .... , 10) 2)-(2, 4, 6, 8) 3) {l, 2, 3, 4) 4) {2, , , • lO)
2 1
22 . Let A be set of ftrst ten natural numbers and R be a relati on on A. defined by (x .y) E R x + Y = O·

Then range of R is
1) (I, 2, 3,..... , 10) 2) (2, 4, 6, 8) 3) {l, 2, 3, 4) 4) (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
23_. Le t L denote th e se t of all stra ight lin es in a plane Let a re lation R de fi ned on L by
XR Y X' ..LY; X,Y E L then R is
4) equivalence
3) only transitive
1) only reflexive 2) only symmetric
24. If R'i s a relation on Z' defined by xRy x di vides y then R is
2) reflexive and transitive
1) reflexive and symmetric
4) equivalence
3) symmetric, transitive ·
25. Consider Lhe non empty set consisting of chil dren in a house, considi;:r a relation R ; xRy iff x is

brotiu:r of y then R is .
1) symmetric but not transitive 2) transi?ve but not symmetric and reflexive
3) neither symmetric nor transitive 4) both symmetric and transitive
26. Let S be the set of all real nurn,bers. For a,b e S, relati on R is de fin ed by aRb iff la- bl< I then R is
2) oniy symmetric
1) only reflexive
4) reflexive &symmetiic
3) only transitive
27. Let R be a relati on defi ned on the set of real numbers by a Rb ~ I + ab > O then R is
2) tr~sitive
I) reflexive & symmetric
3) anti symmetric 4) equivalence
28 . Let .A = 11, 2, 3, 4, 5}.and a relation on it is R = {(x,y )I x,y e A and x+y=S } then R is
_1) not reflexiye, not symmetric but transitive 2) not reflexive, not transitive but symmetric
not rctkxive, not symmetric, not transitive 4) equivalence
3)
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 [}ETs & RELATIONS )+-f, ,j, +I OBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A · ~
29 . For x , y ER, define a relation R by xRy if and only if x-y+ is an irrational number. Then R is
I) an equivalence relation 2) symmetric

3) transitive 4) reflexive but not symmetric & transitive

30. Let n be a positive integer. If R is a relation defined on Z as xRy ¢::> x - y is divisible by n then R is
l) reflexive 2) symmetric 3) transitive 4) equivalence
3
1. The minimum number of elements that must be added to the relation R = {(l , 2), (2, 3 ) J on the set
( I, 2, 3} so that it is an equivalence relation
l) 3 2) 5 3) 6 A 7

32. Sis a relation over the set R of all real numbers and it js given by (a,b) ES~ ab;?: 0 - Then Sis
I) symmetric and transitive only 2) reflexive and symmetric only
3) a partial order relation 4) an equivalence relation

33 . Two points P and Qin a plane are related if OP= OQ, where o is a fixed point. This relation is
I) partial order relation A equivalence relation
I
I 3) reflexive but not symmetric 4) reflexive but not transitive

l
It
I
34. Let W denote the words in the English dictionary, Define the relation R by : R = {(x,y) E W x W the
words x and y have atleast one letter in common} Then R i~
J5 refle~ive, symmetric and not transitive 2) reflexive, symmetric and transitive .
3) reflexive, not symmetric and transitive
4) not reflexive, symmetric and transitive
35 . If R ={(x,y)I x,ye Z, x
2
+ y2 s; 4) is a relation in Z, thep domain of R is
1) {O, I, 2} 2) {O, -1, -2} ft {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2} 4) {O, 1, 2, 3}
36. Risa relation from {II , 12, 13) to {8, 10, 12} defined by y = x-3. Then R- 1 is
1) {(8, II), (10, 13)} 2) {(I 1, 8), (13, 10) J
3) {(IO, 13), (8, 11)}
4) {(I I, 8), (10, 13), (12, 15)}
3 7. If a relation R is defined on the set Z of integers a~ follows : (a,b) ER¢::> a 2 + b 2 = 25 then, domain(R)=
1) {3, 4, 5} 2) {O, 3, 4, 5} 3) {0,±3,±4,±5} 4) {3,4}
38. Let R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, l)} be a relation on the set A= ( l, 2, 3, 4} . The relation R is
I) a function 2) reflexive 3) not symmetric 4) transitive
39. Let.R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9) (12, 12), (6, 12), (3, 9), (3, 12), (3, 6)} be relation on the set
A= {3, 6, 9, 12}. The relation is
1) an equialence relation
2) reflexive and symmetric only
3) reflexive and transitive only
4) reflexive only
40 . Let X be a non empty set and P(X) be the set of all subsets of X. For A, B E P(X), power set of X, ARB
iff A r, B =t: then the relation is
1) only reflexive
2) only symmetric
3) only transitive
4) equivalence relation

..,f..-,- - - - ------•~i• ELITE SERIES for Sri CbtlllDVI Sr. ICON Students
[_§[JECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A - Part 2 1++ •f ' ~SETS & RELATIONS ]
· th f d b ,(a . b) R(c , d ) if and onl y if
-I J. N 15 e set o natural numbers and R is a relati o n on N x N define Y
a+d = h+c th en R is
I) only reflexive 2) only symmetric
3) only transitive 4) equivalence relation
1
42. Let R be the real line . Consider foll owing subse ts of th e plane R x R . S = {(x, y) : Y = x + and
0 < x < 2} , T ={(x , y) : x - y is an integer} . Which one of the fo llowi ng is tn1e ?
1) Neither S nor T is an equivalence relation on R
2) Both S and T are equivalence relations on R
3) S is an equivalence relation on R but T is not
4) T is an equivalence relation on R but S is not
4 3 . Consider the relation s R = {(x,y)lx ,y are real numbers and x = wy for som e rational number w };

S={(~•1J" ) 111, 11, pand q are integers such that 11 ,q atOandqm = pn} . Then
1) R is an equivalence relation but S is not an equivalence relation
2) neither R nor S is an equivalence relation
3) S is an equivalence relation but R is not an equivalence relation
4) R and S are both equivalence relation
44 . If A, B and Care three sets such that A n B = A n C and Au B =Au C, then
l)A=B 2)A=C 3)B=C 4) AriB=~

45 . Let R be the set of real numbers

Statement- I : A = {(x, y ) E RxR : y - x is an integer) is an equivalence relatic5n on R
Statement-2 : B = {(x , y ) E RxR : x= a y for some rational number a ) is an equivalence relation on R .
1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
2) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1

46 . Let X = {1,2 ,3,4,5) . The num ber of different ordered pairs (Y, Z) that can be formed such that
Y <;;;; X, Z ,;;;; X and Y n Z is empty, is
1) 52 2) 35 3) 23 4) 53

Numerical value type questions

4 7. Suppose Al, AZ' ······• A30 are thirty sets each with five elements and Bl, B2, ......• B are n sets each
· 30 n · n
with three elements such that u Ai= u B1 =S . If each element of S belongs to exactly ten of the A I·s
and exactly 9 of the B;s, then the value of n is

IELITE SERIES for Sri Chaltanva Sr. ICON Students I+ •t<i•------- -- - - -••ik• •t,}ill
 I f- '

THEMATICS II A •
[ SETS & RELATIONS ,t, ,j, +@BJECTIVE MA, lhe ,ruee drinks ; milk(MJ,
. th etr
48 . An investigator interviewed 100 students to detenrune . Preferences
all theiorthree drinks
. M, C, T,. 20 had
coffee (C) and tea (n. He reported the following : 10 stu dents had . bad c only; 8 had T only. lbe
Mand Conly; 30 had C and T; 25 had Mand T; 12 bad M only, 5
number of students that did not take any of the three drinks . . 5 watch foot ba))
. information, 28
49 . A survey of 500 television viewers produced the followmg k ball 70 watch foot ball and'
195 watch hockey, 115 watch basket ball, 45 watch fioot ball and basth etthree• games. The number of
hockey, 50 watch hockey and basket ball, 50 do not watch any of e
viewers, who watch exactly one of the three games is fA Bh .
.
50. Let A and B be two sets containing 2 elements respectively. The nu mber of subsets o x avmg
3 or more elements is

51 . If A={ 1, 2, 3}, the number of reflexive relation in A is

-1

~PRACTICE SHEET~

I
I .
I
...
+- jl EXERCISE /
1
1
/ ~+
- -

I ' 1. If X = {8" -7n - 1111EN} and Y={49(n-l)lnEN } , then

1) X c Y · 2) Y c X
11
3) x= y 4) information not sufficient
:I
I 2. Let A = {x : x .is a multiple of 3} and B = {xix is a multiple of 5 }. Then An B is given by

l
I 3.
1) {3, 6, 9, ..... } 2) {5, 10, 15, 20, .... } 3) {15, 30, 45, .... } .
If aN = { ax I x E N) . The set 3 N n 7 N =
1) {3, 6, 9, 12, .. }
4) {30, 60, 90, ......}

2) {7, 14, 21, 28, .... } 3) {21, 42, 63, 84, ... } · 4) {5, 10, 15, ...... }
4. If X = {4" - 3n - llnEN) and Y = {9(n - l)ln E N), then X uY is equal to
1) X 2) y
3) N 4) X-Y
5. If aN = {ax/ x E NJ and bN n cN = dN , where b,c EN are relatively prime, then
1) d = be 2) c = bd
3) b = cd
6. The set A = {x:x ER, x2=16, and 2x = 6) equals 4) none
1) $ 2) {14, 3, 4} 3) {3}
4) {4}
7. If A is the set of the divi sors of the number 15, B is the set of prime numbers smaller than 10 and c
is the set of even numbers smaller than 9, then (Au C) n B is the set
1) {1, 3, 5} 2){1,2,3}
3) {2, 3, 5}
4) {2, 5}
8. If A={~, {~) }, then the power set of A is
l) A
2) {$, {$}, A} 3
) {$, {$}, { {$} }, A} 4) {$, {$}}
9. Which of the following is a null set ?
1) {O}
2
3) {xlx =4 .or x=3} 2) {x Ix> Oor x < O}

I ~ •·~t•- - ------·-t• 4) {x/x2+l=O,xeR}

ELITE SERIES for Sri Chaitanva s
r. ICON Students
@BJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A . Part 21+ ..
+ . _ _ - - - -+ 4{:sETS & RELA_!ION[]
IO . A=l11 / 11isa di gi·t ·m tie
I number 33591 ) and B = l11 / 11 e N. 11 < I 01 , then B - A =
l) ( 2 , 4 ' 6• 81 2) {7, 2, 4, 8, 61
3) (I, 3, 5, 7} 4) {(I , 2), (I, 3), (2, 3)1

I I . Consider th e fo ll owin g equ ati ons

a) A - B =A - (A n B ) b) A= (An B) u (A - BJ

c) A-(B u C ) = ( A -B )u( A -C )
Which of these is / are correct ?
4) a and b
I) a and c 2) b only 3) band c
AxB has 6 elem ent s . If three el ement s of A x B are
12 · Let A a nd B be Lwo sets such th at
{(I • 4), (2 , 6), (3, 6) I, then
2) A = (4, 6 l and B = { 1, 2, 3 l
l)A = (!, 2) andB = (3, 4, 61
3)A = (!, 2, 3) andB= (4, 6) 4)A = {l, 2, 41 andB = {3, 6)

13 · Let A be a non-empty set such that A xA has 9 elements among which are found (- 1, 0) and (0, I ).
Then
3) A = {-1, 0, 1I 4)A={-l,l}
1) A= {-1, 0) 2)A = {O, l}

I 4 . Let A and B be two sets such that A x B = {(a , I), (b,3),(a,3),(b, l),(a ,2),(b,2)1 then
l)A = {l, 2, 3) andB = {a, b) 2)A = {a, bl andB = {l, 2, 3)
4) Ac {a, bl and B c {l, 2, 31
3) A = { 1, 2, 3} and B c { a, b I

15 . Let A and B be two non-empty sets having 11 elements in common . Then, the number of elements

common to AxB and BxA is

3) n' 4) n3
1) 2n 2) n

16 . For any three· sets A, B and C, A x ( B' u C' )' equals

4) (AxC)u(BxC)
1) (AxB)n(AxC) 2) (AxB)u(BxC) 3) (AxC)n(BxC)

17 . If A = { 1,3 ,5,7,9, 11 , 13,15, 17). B = {2,4,...... ., 18) and N is the universal set, then A' u ((Au B) n B' )

is 4) R
2) N 3) B
1) A

18 . Let S = { 1,2,3,.. ..,20) S = {a,b, c,d,e ) S3 = {a ,c,e,fl then the number of elements. of (S,xs,) n (S,xS3)
2
1

is 4) 40
2) 80 3) 100
1) 60

19. The number of non - empty subsets of the set (1 ,2,3,41 on

4) 17
1)14 2)15 3)16

20 . If n(A) = 4. n(B) = 3, n(Ax BxC) = 24,then 11(C) is equal to

4) 12
1) 288 2) 1 3) 2

ELITE SERIES tor Sri Chait8DV8 Sr. ICON Students tt•i+-•_ _ _ _ _ _ ___......
: +i§J
 [SETS & RELATIONS I+ 'i- +IOBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS II A - Part fil
2 I. If A = \a, b ), B = [ c, .di, C = (d, e) then {(a, c), (a, d) , (a, e) , (b. c), (b, d) , (b, e) l is equal lo
l) Ar\(BuC) , .. 2) Au(Br\C) 3) Ax(BuC) 4) Ax(BnC)

22. If A= {l , 2, 4), B = (2, 4, 5), C= (2, 5) then ( A - B ) x ( B - C ) =

1) {(l, 2), O, 5), (2, 5) J 2) {(l, 4) J 3) (1, 4) 4) {(l, 2)}

23 . If A= (x l x'- 5x +6 =0), 8=(2, 4) , C={4, 5), then A x ( B n C ) =

1) {(2, 4), (3, 4)) 2) ((4, 2), (4, 3))
3) ((2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4)} 4) {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5)}

24 . Let A = {I, 2, 3, 4, 5), B = (2 , 3, 6, 7) then the number of elements in (Ax B) n ( B x A) =

l) 4 2) 6 3) 2 4) 18

25 · In a committee 50 people speak French, 20 speak Spanish and 10 speak both Spanish and French.
I I
The number of persons speaking at least one of these two languages is
1) 60 2) 40 3) 38 4) 22
I 1·
26. In a city, three dai ly newspapers A, B, Care published. 42% of the people in that city read A , 51 %
I' read B and 68 % read C, 30% read A and B, 28% read B and c ; 36% read A and C ; 8% do not read
any of the three newspapers. The percentag~ of persons who read all the three papers is
Ii 1) 25% 2) 18% 3) 20% 4) 30%

I Relations :

l
I•
27 . If a .set A has n elements then· number of relations defi ned on A is
1) i<n 2). 2
2) 2n. -1 3) 2n

28. A =· { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, Relation R on A is d~fined by R = ( (x,y )I x < y and I x 2 -

4) 22n

/ I< 9) then R =
1) {(l, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5)) 2) {(2, 1), (3, 2), (3, 2), (4, 3), (5, 4))
3) {(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5) J /4) {(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 4)}
29 . A relation R is defined from (2, 3, 4, 5) to {3, 6, 7, 10) by xRy ¢=} x is relatively prime to y. Then
domain of R is
1) (2, 3, 5) 2) {3, 5) 3) {2, 3, 4) / 4) (2, 3, 4, 5)
30. If A = {1, 2, 3), B = {I, 4,·6, 9) and R is a relation fro m A to B defi ned by xRy iff 'x is greater than y' .
The range of R is
1) { 1, 4, 6, 9) 2) {4, 6, 9) -1) { 1I 4)(1,2}
31. Let P = {(x,'y )I x E R,y E R,x 2 + y2 =I) , then Pi s
1) reflexive ~ ) symmetric
3) anti-symmetric 4) equivalence
32 . Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a plane. Let a Relation R be defi ned on L by
xRy ¢=}xis parllel ro y. Then R is

1) only symmetric 2) only transitive

3) anti symmetric /4) equivalence relation
•!• 4, ELITE SERIES for Sri Chaitanva Sr. ICON Students I
@Q}i+ . . i•i- •- - - -- - -- ...
i
I
 - ..,,.., HEMATICS II A p
33 . Onth
e set of integers z .
• art2 f. +- i {]
,.+!SETS & RELATIONS
I
1) reflex iv 1
' re ation R is defin ed as "mR · .
3 e, ·symmetric n ~"' is an integral multiple of 11 " then R is
) symmetric ' trans·t·
I IVe
.12) reflexive, transitive
34 . lf A =={a b 4) equivalence
• ' C d ) th
l) symmetri , ' en a relation R={ (a,b), (b ) ( ) }
c and .a , a,a oa A is
,I) transitive only
.r symmetric only 2) reflexive and ·transitive only
3 5 . The rel . 4) transitive only
a11on R = ( (I I)
2
I) symmetric only , , ( , 2), (3, 3)) on the set { I, 2, 3) is

3) transitive only 2) reflexive only

36 . p ~ ) an equivalence relation
or x,y E / , the relation R is d fi .
.)) Partial .d . . e med by xRy if and only if x:,; y then R is
or er relalton ..
2) equivalence relation
~) reflexive and symmetric
37 . 4) symmetric and transitive
Which of the followin .
1) aRb if . g ts not an equivalence relation on set of integers ?
a + b is an even integer .
..PJ a Rb 'f
I a < b
2) aRb if a - b is an even integer
4) aRb if a= b
38 . If A ·
is a _non empty set then the relat,·on
s (subset) on the power set of A is
l) only reflexive
2) only symmetric
3) only equivalence
4) partial order relation
39 . In the set Z of all intege s h. h f h .
r • w IC O t e following relation R is not an equivalence relation ?
1
) xRy : ,j x s; y 2) xRy : if x = y
3) xRy:ij x-y is an even integer 4) xRy :ij x=y (mod 3)

40 . Two sets AandBare asA= {(a, b)E R x R la - Sk llb - 5 1< 1}

B = {(a, b) e R x R : 4(a - 6)2 +9(b-5)2:5 36) . Then

1) AcB 2) Ar.B=«!> 3) NeitherAcBnorBcA 4) BcA

Numerical value type questions

4 I. In a group of 1000 people, each can speak eiher Hindi or English. There are 750 people who can
speak Hindi and 400 who can speak English. Then number of persons who can speak Hindi only is

42. In a class of 35 students, 17 have taken Mathematics, 10 have taken Mathematics but not Econom-
ics. If each student has taken either Mathematics or Economics or both, then the number of students
who have taken Economics but not Mathematics is

4 3 . In a town of 10,000 families it was found that 40% families buy newspaper A, 20% families buy
newspaper Band 10% families buy newspaper C. 5% families buy A and B, 3% buy Band C and 4%
buy A and C. If 2% buy all the three newspap.!rs, the number of families which buy none of A, B, C is

IELITE SERIES for Sri Chaltanva Sr. ICON Students l4+1•i-·_ _____ _,,Ti· +G:ill

I
-rr r
I SETS & RELATIONS -+.i{oBJECTIVE MATHEMATICS ll"A - Part 2 I
44._ market researc~,8W~. condu9ted a siu:vey of lQOO conllUIIC!' and reported that 720 conaumen
· liked product A and _consumers liked product 8. The least number die)' must have lied ·both
products is · · ·

· 45 . Let A be the set of first 10 natural numbers and let R • ((x,y)/ xe A,y EN -1 x+2y • 10} then
n{,dom(R-i)} =

{ KEY SHEET.~

I
l, 1) 2) 3)4
. ( LECTU RE SHEET

4) 3 5)2 6)2
J
7)• ,,. ' 1}_1;_. . 10)1

..,,•,,.•...••,.•
_11) 1 12) 2 ' 13) 3 14) 2 15) 1 16)2 17)4 1~):• . 20)1
18) · \ ·
l, 21).2 . 22)3 23)2 24) 2 25) 2 26)4 27)1 ..21),~1, - 29),~ ·- 30)4 ,
31).4 32)2 33)2 34) 1 35)3 36)1 37)1 :-. 40) I
I I
. 41) 4 42)4 43)3 44)3 45) 1 - 46)2 47)4' 50)111<
I

il l. 51) 84,

1,I I
[ PRACTICE SHEET)

~·-~·
I 1) 1
11) 4
2)3
12) 3
3)3
13) 3
4) 2
14) 2
5) 1
15) 3
6) 1
18) 1
7)1 8)J
'>'
41)•1 .
10)1
17)1 18)'1 20)1
1
f I 21) 3
31) 2
22)2
32)4
23) 1
33)2
24) 1
34) 3
25) 1
35) 4
26) 1
38) 1
27) 1 29)4· 30)1
.37)1 38),1 40)1
41) 800 42) 18 43) 4000 44) 170 45) 4

! +·!@re SERI ES forSrl Ch.1 ltiiiv ' . . '

- - - - a Sr. l!rON Studentsl

I •