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Ckh-,y-vkbZ-bZ&229 % iqLrdky;ksa esa lwpuk vkSj lapkj izkS|ksfxdh

v/;kid tk¡p l=h; dk;Z

fo’k; foLrkj % ikB~;Øe dksM % ch-,y-vkbZ-bZ&229

ikB~;Øe % iqLrdky;ksa esa lwpuk vkSj lapkj izkS|ksfxdh l=h; dk;Z dksM % ,-,l-Vh@Vh-,e-,@
[kaM % 1&2 tqykbZ 2020&tuojh 2021
bdkb;k¡ % 1&8 iw.kkZad % 35
uksV % lHkh iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A

I½ uhps fn, x, izR;sd iz”u dk mÙkj vf/kdre 500 “kCnksa esa nhft,A ¼3x5=15vad½
1- ,dhÑr iqLrdky; iz.kkyh ds y{k.kksa dh ppkZ dhft,A ¼5½

m
2- Mh Lisl esa esVkMkVk izca/ku dh O;k[;k dhft,A ¼5½
3- th-,l-Mh-,y- ds rduhdh y{k.kksa dk mYys[k dhft, vkSj muesa ls fdUgha nks y{k.kksa
dh O;k[;k dhft,A ¼5½

co
II½ uhps fn, x, izR;sd iz”u dk mÙkj vf/kdre 150 “kCnksa esa nhft,A ¼10x2=20 vad½
1- ifjpkyu mi&iz.kkyh ¼2½
2- ,ojxzhu vkbZ-,y-,l- ¼2½
3-
4-
th-,l-Mh-,y- esa MkWd Iyx&bu
vkWfM;ks@ohfM;ks dEizs”ku
a. ¼2½
¼2½
ab
5- vksid 2-0 ¼2½

07
6- Lopkfyr cuke fMftVy iqLrdky; iz.kkyh ¼2½
7- bZ&xzaFkky; vkbZ-,y-,l- ¼2½
94
8- ikjaifjd Kku fMftVy iqLrdky; ¼2½
b

9- dksgk esa osc 2-0 ¼2½

84
ly

10- th-,l-Mh-,y- esa iqLrdky;k/;{kksa ds fy, baVjQsl ¼2½

50
ul
93
G

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Ckh-,y-vkbZ-bZ-&229 % iqLrdky;ksa esa lwpuk vkSj lapkj izkS|ksfxdh

vH;kl dk;Z

fo’k; foLrkj % ikB~;Øe dksM % ch-,y-vkbZ-bZ&229

ikB~;Øe % iqLrdky;ksa esa lwpuk vkSj lapkj izkS|ksfxdh l=h; dk;Z dksM%,-,l-Vh@ih-vkj-,-lh@
[kaM % 1&2 tqykbZ 2020&tuojh 2021
bdkb;k¡ % 1&8 iw.kkZad % 35

lkekU; funsZ”k %
i½ vkidks viuk O;kogkfjd l=h; dk;Z vius v/;;u dsna z esa djuk gSA bl l=h; dk;Z dk ewY;kadu
dkmaflyj@O;kogkfjd dk;Z i;Zos{kd ds }kjk fd;k tk,xkA

m
ii½ vius lHkh mÙkjksa dks LØhu dSIpj dj ysa vkSj mUgsa ,d Qkby esa latks dj j[k ysAa
dkmaflyj@O;kogkfjd l=h; dk;Z i;Zo{s kd bu LØhu dSIpjksa dk ewY;kadu djsx a s vkSj muds vk/kkj ij
vad iznku djsxa As

co
iii½ lHkh iz”u vfuok;Z gSaA
I½ *dksgk* esa fuEufyf[kr xfrfof/k;k¡ dhft, %
d½ iw.kZ fooj.k ds lkFk nks foØsrkvksa dk l`tu dhft,A
a.
[k½ yXkHkx pkj vk[;kvksa ds fy, Ø;kns”k tkjh dhft,A
x½ izlwphdj.k ekWM~;wy esa bu pkjks vk[;kvksa ds MkVk dks izfo’V dhft,A
?k½ visf{kr fooj.kksa ds lkFk pkj mi;ksDrkvksa dk l`tu dhft,A
³½ buesa ls fdlh ,d mi;ksDrk dks nks iqLrdsa fuxZr dhft,A ¼20½
ab
07
II½ th-,l-Mh-,y- lkW¶Vos;j baLVky dhft, vkSj mlesa ih-Mh-,Q-] MkWd] ih-ih-Vh- Qkbysa ds yxHkx nl
izy[s k viyksM dhft, A izR;sd izy[s k ds fy, foLr`r esVkMkVk nhft, vkSj lh-Mh- ds fy, ,d laxzg
izdkf”kr dhft,A ¼15½
94
b
84
ly
50
ul
93
G

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ASSIGNMENT REFERENCE MATERIAL (July20-Jan21)

BLIE-229

m
mÙkjµ ,dho`Qr iqLrdky; O;oLFkk (vkbZ-,y-,l-) µ,dho`Qr iqLrdky; O;oLFkk dks iqLrdky; izcaèku O;oLFkk

co
(,y-,e-,l-) osQ :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA ;g ,d dEI;wVj vkèkkfjr O;oLFkk gS ftldk iz;ksx vkarfjd rFkk ckg~;
lalkèkuksa osQ izcaèku osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa Bksl laifÙk;k¡] foÙkh; lalkèku] lkefxz;k¡ rFkk ekuo lalkèku lfEefyr gSaA
;g iqLrdky; osQ Lopkyu rFkk ,d=khdj.k osQ fodkl dk;ks± dks laiUu djrk gSA budk foHkktu fofHkUu ekWM~;wyksa esa bl
izdkj fd;k tkrk gS fd iwjk è;ku iqLrdky; esa fd, tkus okys lkekU; dk;ks± ;Fkk iqLrd izkfIr] lwph fuekZ.k rFkk

a.
ifjlapj.k (circulation) osQ ljyhdj.k ij osaQfnzr gks losQA bldk fuekZ.k osaQnzho`Qr MsVkcsl ij fd;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g
izk;% x.kuk djus osQ lkekU; IysViQkeZ dk mi;ksx djrk gSA bl izdkj ;g iqLrdky; osQ lHkh ifjpkyuksa dks ,d leku
rFkk m|e O;kIrh O;oLFkk esa lesfdr djrk gSA ,d ,dho`Qr O;oLFkk esa ,d iqLrd dk lanHkZ xzaFk lwph esa osQoy ,d
ab
fjdkWMZ gksrk gSA bl iqLrd ls lacafèkr lHkh ysu nsu dks blosQ lanHkZ xzaFk lwph ijd fjdkMZ osQ lkFk tksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA

07
,d ,dho`Qr iqLrdky; O;oLFkk dh dbZ fo'ks"krk,¡ gksrh gSa ftuesa fuEufyf[kr dk lekos'k gksrk gSµ

MsV k cslµ;gk¡ ij iqLrdky; ls lacafèkr lHkh lwpukvksa dks LVksj fd;k tkrk gSA ;Fkk ,e- vkj-lh- (e'khu }kjk iBuh;
94
b

lwph i=k) fjdkMZ] laj{kd lwpuk vkfnA

84

lwp hi=k ekWM~; wy µ ;g iqLrdkè;{kksa dks lanHkZ xzaFklwph esa lkexzh tksM+us dh lqfoèkk iznku djrk gSA
ly

ifjlap j.k (circulation) ekWM ~; wy µ ;g

iqLrdksa osQ tkjh djus rFkk okil ykSVus dh tk¡p djrk gSA lkFk gh muosQ LFkku
50

dk irk yxkus dh O;oLFkk djrk gS rFkk iqLrdky; osQ lalkèkuksa dh fLFkfr dh lwpuk nsrk gSA
ul
93

mÙkjµ MhLisl ,d ,slk lkWÝVos;j gS tks 'kS{kf.kd] xSj&ykHkdkjh vkSj O;kolkf;d laxBuksa dks eqDr fMftVy dks"k cukus
G

dh lqfoèkk miyCèk djkrk gSA ;g fu%'kqYd :i ls miyCèk gS ,oa bls bULVkWy djuk Hkh vklku gS vkSj ;g fdlh laxBu
dh vko';drkvksa osQ Hkh vuqowQy gSA MhLisl lHkh izdkj dh fMftVy fo"k;&oLrq dks lajf{kr djus rFkk mu rd ljy o
eqDr igq¡p cukus esa Hkh l{ke gS] ftlesa VsDLV] bestst] pyfp=k] mpegs vkSj MsVk lsV vkfn 'kkfey gSaA

MhLisl ,d eqDr lzksr lkWÝVos;j IysViQkWeZ gS tks laxBuksa dks fuEufyf[kr dk;ks± esa l{ke cukrk gSµ

(1) dk;Zizokg osQ ekWM~;wy dh izLrqrhdj.k dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vFkok izksxzkesfVd batsLV fodYiksa dh ,d fdLe dk iz;ksx
djrs gq, fMftVy lkexzh dks izkIr djuk vkSj O;k[;k djuk_

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(2) [kkst ,oa iqu%izkfIr iz.kkyh osQ ekè;e ls osc ij laxBuksa dh fMftVy ifjlaifÙk;ksa dks forfjr djuk_ rFkk

(3) fMftVy ifjlaifÙk;ksa dk nh?kkZofèk osQ fy, laj{k.k djukA

vxLr 2012 ls] 1300 ls T;knk iatho`Qr laxzkgd (Repositories) MhLisl dk iz;ksx dj jgs gSa vkSj ml la[;k esa
yxkrkj o`f¼ gks jgh gSA lHkh izdkj osQ laxBu Hkh dbZ izdkj osQ fMftVy ifjlaifÙk izcaèku dh vko';drkvksa osQ lg;ksx
gsrq MhLisl dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA blosQ oqQN mnkgj.k fuEufyf[kr gSaµ

(1) lHkh izdkj osQ iqLrdky;µbl izdkj osQ iqLrdky; iqjkys[k lkexzh dk laxzg.k] izcaèku rFkk bu laxzg.kksa dk
lkoZtfud :Ik ls izn'kZu djrs gSa] tSlsµfMftVy vFkok LoSQu fd, gq, izys[kksa] bestst vFkok ekSf[kd bfrgkl dk izn'kZu

m
djukA

(2) dkWiksZjsV vfHkys[kkxkjµ;s lkoZtfud vkSj futh nksuksa izdkj osQ vfHkys[kkxkjksa dk izcaèku djrs gSaA

co
(3) xSj&ljdkjh laxBu vkSj xSj&ykHkdkjh laxBuµ;s MsVk lsV~l] izfrosnuksa] dk;Zdkjh dkxtkr vkSj rF;&i=kdksa vkfn
dks ,d=k vkSj izdkf'kr djrs gSaA

(4) vuqlaèkku osaQnzµ;s vuqlaèkku mRiknksa rFkk dk;Zdkjh dkxtkrksa vkfn dks ,df=kr djrs gSa vkSj budk izlkj djrs gSaA

a.
ab
mÙkjµ th-,l-Mh-,y- dh rduhdh fo'ks"krk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaµ
07
94
(1) cgqeap mi;ksD rk&lqy Hk ,IyhosQ'ku (Multiplatform User-friendly Application)µvksiu lkslZ
b

lkWÝVos;j & xzhuLVksu] foaMks osQ lHkh otZuksa tSlsµUnix/Linux ,oa Mac OS-X vkfn ij pyrk gSA bldh bULVkWys'ku dh
izfØ;k cgqr gh vklku gSA vafre mi;ksDrk vius O;fDrxr dEI;wVj ;k ooZQLVs'ku ij bls bULVkWy dj ldrs gSaA
84
ly

lkaLFkkfud mi;ksxdÙkkZ bls izk;% vius eq[; loZj ij pykrs gSa tgk¡ ;g ekud osc lkWÝVos;j vFkkZr~ Apache ls
var%pkfyr gksrk gSA
50

(2) var jlaf ozQ;rk (Interoperability)µxzhuLVksu] vkèkqfud ekudksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, cgqr gh varjlafØ; gSA
ul

bldks ,sls fdlh Hkh loZj ij pyk;k tk ldrk gS tks esVkMkVk gkosZfLVax (OAI-PMH) rFkk OAI-PMH esa MkWD;wesaV
93

gkosZLV djus osQ fy, vksiu vkphZo izksVksdkWy ij fdlh Hkh rjg dk laxzg dj ldrk gSA

(3) baV jisQl (Interface)µxzhuLVksu osQ nks i`Fko~Q baVjsfDVo baVjisQl gSaµjhMj baVjisQl vkSj ykbczsfj;u baVjisQlA vafre
G

;wtj] fMftVy ykbczsjh dk iz;ksx jhMj baVjisQl osQ }kjk dj ldrk gS tks osc czkmtj osQ varxZr lapkfyr gSA ykbczsfj;u
baVjisQl tkok&vk/kfjr xzkfiQdy ;wtj baVjisQl gSA

(4) esV kMkVk iQkWesZV ~l (Metadata formats)µykbczsfj;u baVjisQl osQ varxZr ;wtlZ esVkMkVk dks var%fozQ;kRed
:i ls ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSaA ;s esVkMkVk lsV igys ls gh iwoZ&fuèkkZfjr gksrs gSaµ

• Dublin Core (qualified and unqualified);

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• RFC 1807;

• NZGLS (New Zealand Government Locator Service); and

• AGLS (Australian Government Locator Service).

u, esVkMkVk lsV dks xzhuLVksu esVkMkVk lsV ,fMVj dk iz;ksx djosQ ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

m
mÙkjµ ifjpkyu mi&iz. kkyh (Circulation Subsystem)µifjpkyu lsok fofHkUu izdkj osQ iqLrdky;ksa osQ fy,
cgqr lkekU; izfØ;k gSA vfèkdrj iqLrdky;] iqLrdksa ,oa vU; iqLrdky; lkefxz;ksa dks mi;ksxdÙkkZ }kjk dgha ij Hkh i<+s
tkus osQ fy, forfjr djrs gSa] tks mi;ksxdÙkkZ osQ fy, lqfoèkktud Hkh gksrk gSA ;g iz.kkyh iqLrdky;ksa }kjk fd, x,

co
laxzg osQ mi;ksx esa o`f¼ djrh gS vkSj iqLrdky; Hkou osQ vanj fLFkr okpuky;ksa (reading room) esa deh ykrh gSA bl
izfØ;k esa vfHkys[kksa dks j[kus osQ fy, ,d O;oLFkk dh vko';drk gksrh gS ftlls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd D;k mèkkj fn;k
tkuk gS vkSj fdldks fn;k tkuk gSA mèkkj fn, tkus okys vfHkys[k dks O;ofLFkr djus osQ nks mÙke dkj.k gSaµ(d)
iqLrdky; lkefxz;ksa dh gkfu dks de djuk_ ([k) 'ksYiQksa ij j[kh enksa osQ laxzg osQ ckjs esa mi;ksxdÙkkZvksa osQ iz'uksa dk
mÙkj nsus osQ fy, iqLrdky; osQ dfeZ;ksa dh lgk;rk djukA
a.
ifjpkyu mi&iz. kkyh dh izf Ø;k µifjpkyu mi&iz.kkyh esa lfEefyr gSaµliQy lapkyu osQ fy, oqQN lkekU; dk;Z]
tSls lnL;ksa dk ukekadu] iqLrdky; osQ izys[kksa dks tkjh djuk o ykSVkuk] izys[kksa dk vkj{k.k] izys[kksa dk uohuhdj.k]
ab
izys[kksa ,oa vfHkys[kksa dk j[kj[kko] lkaf[;dh dk j[kj[kko] var%iqLrdky; ½.k] xsV&ikl dk fuxZeu vkSj izys[kksa dh

07
Lke;kofèk fudy tkus ij yxus okys tqekZus dh x.kuk ,oa laxzg vkfnA dEI;wVj&vkèkkfjr ifjpkyu iz.kkyh osQ varxZr]
e'khu&iBuh; iQkby esa 'kkfey iqLrdky; ls Í.k ij yh xbZ lHkh oLrqvksa osQ fjdkWMks± osQ lkFk&lkFk u, fjdkWMks± dks
le;&le; ij v|ru (viMsV) fd;k tkrk gSA fjdkWMks± dh bl iQkby dks ¶VªkatsD'ku iQkby¸ osQ uke ls tkuk tkrk gS]
94
tSlsµ MkWD;wesaV iQkby vkSj ckWjksvj iQkbyA vkèkqfud iqLrdky; izcaèku lkWÝVos;j] ckjdksM&vkèkkfjr ifjpkyu iz.kkyh dk
b

leFkZu djrk gSA

84
ly

mÙkjµ ,ojxzhu ifj;kstuk 2006 esa] tkWftZ;k lkoZtfud iqLrdky; iz.kkyh }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ Fkh] rkfd iqLrdky; izlwph
50

dks oaQlksf'kZ;e }kjk iwjs tkWftZ;k jkT; esa 275 ls vfèkd iqLrdky;ksa osQ lkFk Lkk>k fd;k tk losQA yxHkx 11 lfØ;
ul

dfeVlZ (committers) rFkk eksVs rkSj ij 80 O;fDr;ksa ftUgksaus iSfpt (patches) esa lg;ksx fn;k] osQ lkFk ,ojxzhu
93

fodkl leqnk; vHkh Hkh le`¼ gks jgk gSA (vizSy] 2016)A

,ojxzhu DykbaV loZj vkfoZQVsDpj ij vkèkkfjr gS vFkkZr~] loZj Lrj ij ,ojxzhu dk loZj otZu (server version) rFkk
G

DykbaV e'khu ij ,ojxzhu dk DykbaV otZu bULVkWy rFkk dkWfUiQxj djus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA

ILSs dh izÑfr osQ dkj.k ,ojxzhu dk;Z{kerk dk ,d jkspd feJ.k gS] tSlsµ

• ,ojxzhu ,d esVkMkVk [kkst batu gSA

• ,ojxzhu ,d ysu&nsu izØe.k batu gSA

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• ,ojxzhu osc ,IyhosQ'ku tSlk gh gSA

mÙkjµ Plug-inµbl voLFkk esa Iyx&bu (fiQYVj)] MkWD;wesaV~l vuqØe.khdj.k rFkk GLI }kjk mRikfnr [kkst baVjisQl
osQ lkFk oscist rd lhèkh igq¡p osQ fy, iwoZn'kZu (preview) lqfoèkk miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSA ,d ckj ;g liQyrkiwoZd
iwjk dj fy;k x;k gks rks laxzg dks fizO;w osQ fy, fyad djus dh t:jr gksrh gSA

m
co
a.
ab
07
94
b
84
ly

mÙkjµ vkWfM;ks laoqQpu ,YxksfjFe dks vkWfM;ks dksMsd osQ :i esa dEI;wVj lkWÝVos;j esa dk;kZfUor fd;k tkrk gSA lkekU;
MkVk laoqQpu ,YxksfjFe] vkWfM;ks MkVk osQ lkFk [kjkc çn'kZu djrk gS vkSj iQkby osQ vkdkj dks ewy iQkby osQ vkdkj ls
87» ls Hkh de dj nsrk gSA
50
ul

ohfM;ks laoqQpu osQ fy,] fof'k"V vuqç;ksx vkSj fcV nj dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ik¡p MPEG ekudksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k
gS] tks bl izdkj gSaµ
93

• MPEG&1% ;g ohfM;ks CD osQ fy, gS ftls 1-5 Mbit/sec, .mpg iQkbyksa osQ :i esa lapfjr djus osQ
G

fy, fMtkbu fd;k x;k gSA

• MPEG&2% ;g laoqQpu vkSj fMftVy izlkj.k okys Vsyhfotu osQ eè; 1-5 vkSj 15 Mbit/sec dh nj ls
lapj.k djrk gSA fMftVy Vsyhfotu lsV VkWi ckWDl vkSj DVD laoqQpu blh ekud ij vkèkkfjr gSaA

• MPEG&4% ;g eYVhehfM;k vkSj osc laoqQpu osQ fy, gS vkSj ;g vkWCtsDV&vkèkkfjr laoqQpu rduhd ij
vkèkkfjr gSA

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• MPEG&7% bls eYVhehfM;k daVsaV fMfLØI'ku baVjisQl Hkh dgk tkrk gS tks eYVhehfM;k daVsaV osQ fy,
:ijs[kk çnku djrk gSA

mÙkjµ OPAC 2-0 osc 2-0 ,IyhosQ'ku gS] ftls Hkkoh ih<+h] rhljh ih<+h vkSj 21oha lnh dh izlwph osQ :i esa tkuk tkrk
gSA OPAC 2-0 iz;ksxdÙkkZ osQ lkeF;Z dk ykHk mBkrs gq, muosQ ;ksxnkuksa dks le`¼ djus dk iz;kl djrk gS vkSj bl
izdkj ls] fdlh Hkh izlwph osQ egÙo esa o`f¼ djrk gSA ;gk¡ ij osc 2-0 izkS|ksfxfd;ksa }kjk lefFkZr] fodflr fd, tk jgs
OPAC 2.0 osQ nks ?kVd mHkj dj lkeus vk, gSaA os gSaµvfèkd xzaFklwphijd MARC dks mi;ksx esa ykrs gq, izlwph dh
mi;ksfxrk ,oa lpZ fo'ks"krkvksa esa foLrkj djuk] lfp±x osQ fy, MkVk dk ifjlapj.k djuk ,oa vU; lalkèkuksa ls fy, x,

m
MkVk dks fuckZèk :i ls 'kkfey djuk_ [kkst dks vkSj vfèkd mRÑ"V cukus osQ fy, oS;fDrdj.k osQ lkFk lkekftd
usVofo±Qx djuk] mi;ksDrk leqnk; dks vkil esa tksM+uk ,oa leh{kk djukA

co
,d OPAC 2-0 osQ lkFk] iqLrdky; mi;ksxdÙkkZ fdrkcksa_ ftUgas mUgksaus iqLrdky; ls mèkkj fy;k gS] osQ vfHkys[kksa ij
fVIi.kh ;k jsfVax dj ldrs gSaA ;s lHkh lwpuk,¡ nwljs ikBd dh ;g tkuus esa enn dj ldrh gSa fd og iqLrd ftls
mUgksaus <w¡<+k gS] og mUgsa larq"V djsxh vFkok ughaA ;g OPAC 2-0 osQ fo'ks"k y{k.k dk ek=k ,d foLrkj.k gSA

a.
mÙkjµ Lopkfyr iqLrdky; iz. kkyhµorZeku le; esa iqLrdky; forfjr oSf'od usVooZQ okrkoj.k esa dk;Z dj jgs gSaA
nwljh rjiQ mi;ksDrkvksa }kjk iqLrdksa rFkk mlosQ izdkjksa dh ek¡x fnUk&izfrfnu c<+rh tk jgh gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] mi;ksDrkvksa
ab
rFkk iz.kkyh dh c<+rh cgq&vk;keh ek¡xksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, eqDr ekudksa rFkk eqDr lzksr lkWÝVos;j ij iqLrdky; dh

07
fuHkZjrk c<+rh tk jgh gS_ D;ksafd O;kolkf;d lkWÝVos;j dh rqyuk esa eqDr lzksr lkWÝVos;j ubZ izkS|ksfxdh rFkk vkfoZQVsDpj
osQ vuqowQy rsth ls cny jgk gSA O;kolkf;d ILS ekWMy dh oqQN xaHkhj [kkfe;k¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaµ
94
• fMftVy lwpuk lalkèkuksa dk izcaèk djus osQ fy, ILS esa cuk iqjkuk rFkk vizHkkoh dk;Zizokg_
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• nwljs laLFkkxr lwpuk iz.kkyh tSlsµdfeZd MkVkcsl] dkslZ izcaèku iz.kkyh] laLFkkxr laxzg] lks'ky usVofo±Qx
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lqfoèkk bR;kfn osQ lkFk ILS dks ,dho`Qr djus esa vizHkkoh_ rFkk

• ubZ fo'ks"krkvksa dks la;qDr djus gsrq lkslZ dksM dks vuqowQfyr djus dh xaqtkb'k ugha gSA
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fMftVy iqLrdky; iz. kkyhµoqQN izfl¼] eqDr lzksr fMftVy iqLrdky; lkWÝVos;j fuEu gSaµ
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• DSpaceµ;g ,d OAI/PMH vuqowQy lkaLFkkfud laxzg lkWÝVos;j gSA (FLOSS vkèkkfjr fuHkZjrk%
Jakarta-Tomcat, PostGreSQL, Java SDK, Apache Ant); URL: http://www.dspace.org/
G

• E-Print Archiveµ;g ,d eap gS tks vuqlaèkku lkfgR;] oSKkfud MkVk] Nk=k 'kksèk&i=k] ifj;kstuk fjiksVZ
eYVhehfM;k dyko`Qfr;ksa (multimedia artifacts)] 'kS{kf.kd lkexzh] fo}kuksa osQ laxzg] fMftVkbTM fjdkWMZ] izn'kZuh rFkk
fu"iknu dks fodflr djrk gSA (FLOSS vkèkkfjr fuHkZjrk% Apache, MySQL, PERL and PERL modules); URL:
http://www.eprints.org/

7
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mÙkjµ bZ&xzaFkky; µjk"Vªh; lwpuk foKku osaQnz (NIC) dh dukZVd bdkbZ }kjk o"kZ 2002 esa bl xzaFkky; lkWÝVos;j dk
fodkl fd;k x;kA ;g xzaFkky; Lopkyu ,oa xzaFkky; lsokvksa osQ fy, fufeZr fd;k x;k gSA ;g 'kkldh; ,oa fof'k"V
xzaFkky;ksa osQ fy, fo'ks"k :i ls mi;ksxh gSA ;g jk"Vªh; lwpuk foKku osaQnz osQ bZ&iz'kklu dk;ZØe osQ varxZr fu%'kqYd
forfjr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk lnL; xzaFkky; bldh LFkkiuk] mi;ksx ,oa izf'k{k.k osQ fy, osaQnz ls laioZQ dj ldrs gSaA ;g
LFkkuh; usVooZQ ij izpkfyr fd;k tk ldrk gSA blosQ fuEufyf[kr ekWM~;wy gSaµ

• iz'kklu

• vfèkxzg.k

m
• izlwphdj.k

• izpkyu

co
;g Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ fy, mi;ksxh gSA

WEBLIS (osc fyl) µWEBLIS, CDS/ISIS ij osc&vkèkkfjr iqLrdky; vkSj lwpuk iz.kkyh gSA bl iz.kkyh dks
dEI;wVj vkSj lwpuk vfHk;kaf=kdh laLFkku (vkbZ-lh-vkbZ-bZ-)] iksySaM }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k gS ftlus FAO, IFAD ,oa

a.
GTZ tSls varjkZ"Vªh; laxBuksa osQ fy, iqLrdky; iz.kkyh dk fuekZ.k vius vuqHko osQ vkèkkj ij fd;k gSA WEBLIS,
WWW-ISIS batu osQ ekè;e ls dk;Z djrk gS ftls vkbZ-lh-vkbZ-bZ- }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k gSA WEBLIS dk orZeku otZu
vaxzsth esa miyCèk gS ftlesa fuEufyf[kr ekWM~;wy vFkok fo'ks"krk,¡ 'kkfey gSaµ
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• izlwphdj.k iz.kkyh (iqLrosaQ] iqLrd ls fy, x, dkxt&i=k] if=kdkvksa ls fy, x, dkxt&i=k] if=kdk,¡]

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fofoèk LykbM~l] iQksVks] vkWfM;ks rFkk ohfM;ks vkfn)]

• OPAC&vkWuykbu lkoZtfud ,Dlsl izlwph (cqfu;knh vkSj mUur [kkst] bfrgkl] iwNrkN lacaèkh dk;Z dks
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lqjf{kr djuk vkSj vkbZ-,l-vkbZ-,l- iwNrkN Hkk"kk lqfoèkk,¡] fFklkWjl&vkèkkfjr [kkst)]
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mÙkjµ n VªsfM'kuy ukWyst fMftVy ykbczsjh dh igy ,d lqçfl¼ Hkkjrh; fMftVy ykbczsjh osQ :i esa gqbZ] ftldk
50

fØ;kUo;u ^us'kuy baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ lkbal dkWE;wfuosQ'ku ,aM bUiQkWesZ'ku fjlkslsZt (NISCAIR)* }kjk fd;k x;kA bldk
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çeq[k mís'; Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk ç.kkyh tSls fd vk;qosZn] ;wukuh] fl¼k] ;ksx] usP;qjksiSFkh ,oa Vªkbcy eSMhflu osQ ckjs esa tkudkjh çnku
djuk gSA
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• पारम्प�र �ान का आं�कक संग्रहा या ‘ट् रे�डश नॉलेज �डिजटल लाइब्रे’ भारत के परम्पराग �ान का
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आं�कक संग्रहा है . इसम� मुख्य: औषधीय पौध� एवं औष�धय� के �नमार् क� �व�ध का संग् है .
• यह जैव-चोर� और हमारे परमप्‍ रागत �ान के दर
ु ुपयो को रोकने के �लए भारतीय �च�कत्स प्रणा�ल के बारे
म� �वश् स्त पर मान्यत प्रा ट् रेडमा यक
ु ् ‍त डेटाबेस है .
• 2001 म� वै�ा�नक और औद्यो�ग अनुसंधान प�रषद (सीएसआईआर) और आयुष मंत्रा के बीच सहयोग से
यह स्था�प �कया गया गया.

8
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• इस पुस्तकाल का उद्दे देश के प्राच और पारं प�रक �ान को जैवप्रौद्यो� और अनै�तक पेट�ट के माध्य
से शोषण से बचाना है और इसे इलेक्ट्रॉ रू से प्रले� करके और अंतरार्ष्ट पेट�ट वग�करण प्रणा�ल के अनस
ु ार
वग�कृत करना है .

mÙkjµ • lHkh izd kj osQ iqLrdky;ksa dh vko';drkvksa osQ vuqlkj µblesa lHkh izdkj osQ iqLrdky;ksa dh
vko';drkvksa osQ vuq:i ekWM~;wy 'kkfey gSa] tSlsµiqLrdky; vfèkxzg.k] lnL;rk izcaèku] lhfj;y] var'kkZ[kk fu;a=k.k]
fjtoZ] fofHkUu izdkj dh fjiksVZ~l osQ fuekZ.k esa yphykiu rFkk iqLrd [kkst vkfnA

m
• nksg jk MkVkcsl fMtkbu µdksgk nksgjs mPp ekud osQ MkVkcsl (VsDLV&vkèkkfjr vkSj RDBMS) fMtkbu dh
rkdr dk iz;ksx djrk gSA

co
• iqLrdky; ekudksa osQ vuq: i µdksgk dk fuekZ.k iqLrdky; ekudksa vkSj izksVksdkWYl dks è;ku esa j[kdj
fd;k x;k gSA ;g ekStwnk dk;Zizokg vkSj midj.kksa dk leFkZu djrk gSA

• osc &vkèkkfjr baV jisQlµdksgk dk osc&vkèkkfjr baVjisQl ekud oYMZ okbM osc izkS|ksfxfd;ksa ij vkèkkfjr gS]

•
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tSlsµXHTML, lh-,l-,l- vkSj tkokfLØIV vkfnA

eqD r lkslZ dksMµ tujy ifCyd ykblsal (GPL) osQ rgr forfjr gksus osQ dkj.k dksgk eqDr lkslZ dksM gS]
ab
ftlls lkWÝVos;j fuekZrk@osaMj ij fuHkZjrk ugha jgrhA

07
94
mÙkjµ th-,l-Mh-,y- esa ykbczsfj;u baVjisQl }kjk laxzg dks fufeZr] izcafèkr vkSj v|ru fd;k tk ldrk gSA xzhuLVksu
b

ykbcszfj;u baVjisQl gsrq JAVA-PERL applet fuEu dk;ks± osQ fy, ,d baVjsfDVo xzkfiQdy baVjisQl miyCèk djkrk gSµ
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Gatheringµ^yksdy iQkby Lisl* vFkok yksdy usVooZQ ls p;fur iQkby esa MkWD;wesaV~l dk laxzg djuk
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•
(Gathering) ;k WWW, OAI (Open Archives Initiative), Z39.50, SRW (Search and Retrieve Web
Service) vkSj Media Wiki tSls izksVksdkWYl dk iz;ksx djrs gq, MkmuyksfMax djukA
50
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• Enrichingµ izlwphdj.k dks esVkMkVk OksQ lkFk le`¼ (Enriching) cukukA

93

• DesignµfMtkbuesa Iyx&bu (tSlsµGA, TEXT, PPT, Word, PDF, RTF, e-mail, XLS, Fox, DB,
lkFk gh ISIS, DSpace, MARC, ProCite...) dk p;u] lpZ baMsDl dks ifjHkkf"kr djuk] mi&laxzg dk foHkktu vkSj
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Øec¼rk vFkok A-Z vkfn 'kkfey gaSA

• Plug-inµbl voLFkk esa Iyx&bu (fiQYVj)] MkWD;wesaV~l vuqØe.khdj.k rFkk GLI }kjk mRikfnr [kkst
baVjisQl osQ lkFk oscist rd lhèkh igq¡p osQ fy, iwoZn'kZu (preview) lqfoèkk miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSA ,d ckj ;g
liQyrkiwoZd iwjk dj fy;k x;k gks rks laxzg dks fizO;w osQ fy, fyad djus dh t:jr gksrh gSA

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