ENGLISH PRACTICE 31 25. Susan was sad because she wasn’t invited to any social events.

She felt
PART A: PRONUNCIATION ………………………..
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the other A. left out B. turned out C.
three in each of the following questions omitted out D. gone out
1. A. impaired B. performed C. produced 26. Most psychologists believe that the basic structure of an individual’s personality
D. designed is………………………..
2. A. healthy B. whom C. honest D. heal A. well established extremely by the age of five
3. A. amuses B. repeats C. attacks D. coughs B. by the age of five it is extremely well established
4. A. stomachB. change C. watch D. Church C. by the age of five and well established extremely
5. A. relax B. campus C. fashion D. locate D. extremely well established by the age of five
6. A. worthy B. together C. ethnic D. though 27.In most ………. developed countries, up to 50% of ……..population enters higher
7. A. throw B. brow C. slow D. crow education at some time in their lives.
8. A. pizza B. paparazzi C. seizure D. blitz A. Ø / Ø B. the / Ø C. Ø / the D. the /
9. A. comb B. come C. something D. done a
10. A. washed B. called C. talked D. passed 28. I wish you ………………….. me a new one instead of having it………………………..as you did.
Choose the word whose stress is different from the other thres in each of the A. would give / to repair B. gave / to repair
following questions C. had given / to be repaired D. had given / repaired
11. A. psychology B. generative C. insurrance 29.Henry was really a silly boy when we were at high school. I still remember…………..very stupid
D. inheritance questions.
12. A. extinguish B. fortunate C. technical D. resident A. him asking B. him to ask C. asking him
13. A. interference B. influential C. perception D. his being asked
D. academic 30. ………………………..the invention of the steam engine, most forms of transport were
14. A. adventure B. dimension C. commercial D. hygiene horse-drawn.
15. A. preferential B. calculation C. conventional D. apprehension A. With reference B. Akin C. Prior to
16. A. responsibility B. originality C. accommodation D. mischievousness D. In addition to
17. A. appliance B. conscientious C. independent 31. No sooner ………………………..to marry Jack ………………………..to have serious doubts.
D. confidential A. had Carol agreed / than she began B. Carol has
18. A. psychology B. environmental C. impossible D. photography agreed / than she began
19. A. stimulate B. maximize C. interrupt D. register C. had Carol agreed / than she begins D. had Carol
20. A. appointment B. punishment C. publicity agreed / than she had begun
D. efficient 32. Having been served dinner, ……………………...
C. GRAMMAR – VOCABULARY – LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS: A. the problem was discussed by the members of the committee.
I. Choose the word, phrase or expression which best completes each sentence: (15 B. the committee members discussed the problem.C. it was discussed
points) by the committee members the problem.
21. Tom: “I thought your performance last Sunday was wonderful.” Laura: D. a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the
“………………………..” committee.
A. Don’t tell a lie. I thought it was terrible. 33. The marathon runner ……………………...for nearly one hour and a half when she ………...to the
B. You must be kidding. It was not as good as I had expected. pavement.
C. I completely agree with you. It was terrific. A. has been running / collapses B. were running /
D. No doubt! collapsed
22. Boy: “What is your greatest phobia?” Girl: “………………………..” C. had been running / collapsed D. ran / had been
A. I'm afraid not. B. Worms, definitely! collapsing
C. Probably people who smoke. D. I haven't made up my mind. 34. Son: “What is the process of ……………………..., Dad?”
23. Jenny: “Thank you very much for your donation, Mr. Robinson.” Father: “Well, it involves the heating of liquid such as milk in order to kill harmful
Mr. Robinson: “………………………..” bacteria.”
A. You can say that again. B. I see. A. industrialization B. pasteurization C. commercializationD.
C. You are right. D. Delighted I globalization
was able to help. 35. An artist ……………………...will do his best to express innocence and inexperience in the
24. I don’t think you have been watering the plants near the gate. The soil is child’s face.
……………………….. A. portraying a child B. who portray a child C. he
A. as dry as rice B. as dry as a tile C. as dry as a portrays a child D. portrayed a child
bone D. as dry as wood
III. Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting (5 59. A. strong B healthy C nervous D c
points): . . .
46. Dictionaries frequently explain the origin of the defined word, state its part of speech and 60. A. pretend B oppose C refuse D p
indication its correct use. A B C . . .
D III. Read the passage and choose the correct answer: (10 points)
47. The rings of Saturn are so distant to be seen from the Earth without a telescope. For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They
A B C D provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often
48. Children subjected to violence, exploitation, abuse and neglect are in risk of death, harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide
poor physical considerable environmental benefits.
A One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide—a key pollutant—and emit
B oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can
and mental health, HIV/AIDS infection, and educational problems. absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of
C D driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban
49. It is important that cancer is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much
assure a successful cure. A B more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees
C and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are
D usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to
50. Aten-thousand-dollars reward was offered for the capture of the escaped prisoner. mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect.
A B C D Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already
D. READING: being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban
I. Read the following passage and decide which option A, B, C or D best fits each environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by
space: (10 points) encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most
Everyone has got two personalities - the one that is shown to the world and the other that people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been
is (51)…………... and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you are (52) planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very
…………..., because you can control yourself. But when you are asleep, your feeling position complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens
(53)…………...the real you. In a normal (54)…………..., of course, people often change their that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of
position. The important position is the one you go to sleep in. work.
If you go to sleep on your back, you are a very (55)…………...person. You usually believe Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden
people and you accept new things or new ideas easily. You don’t like to make people sad, spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to
so you never express your (56) …………... feeling. You are quite shy. replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You (57)…………...a lot and Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money. In the summer, rooftop gardens
you always easily become sad. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce
you (58)…………...having a good time. cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and
If you sleep curled up, you are probably a very (59)…………...person. You have a low concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and
opinion of yourself. You are shy and don’t like meeting people. You (60)………….....to be on herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money and
your own. You are easily hurt. making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy,
51. A. important B serious C secret they are also a smart environmental investment.
. . 66.Based on its use in paragraph 2, it can be inferred that mitigatebelongs to which of the
52. A. awake B active C happy following word groups?
. . A. exacerbate, aggravate, intensify B. obliterate, destroy, annihilate
53. A. makes B understand C changes C. allay, alleviate, reduce D. absorb, intake, consume
. . 67. Using the information in paragraph 2 as a guide, it can be inferred that
54. A. room B bed C night ..................................
. . A. cities with rooftop gardens are cooler than those without rooftop gardens
55. A. independent B open C talkative B. some plants are not suitable for growth in rooftop gardens
. . C. most people prefer parks to rooftop gardens
56. A. real B lonely C cheerful D. most people prefer life in the country over life in the city
. . 68. According to the passage, the Urban Heat Island Effect is caused by the fact(s) that
57. A. talk B sleep C relax .........................
. . a. cities are warmer than nearby rural areas
58. A. regret B enjoy C mind b. building materials absorb more of the sun’s heat than organic surfaces
. . c. building materials release the sun’s heat more quickly than organic surfaces
A. a. only B. a. and b. only C. b. and c. only D. a., b., and c. 3.A. ready B. measure C. steak
69.Based on the information in paragraph 3, which of the following best describes the D. stealth
main difference between parks and rooftop gardens? 4.A. wind B. behind C. mind D. find
A. Parks are expensive to create while rooftop gardens are not. 5.A.chalice B. challenge C. choice
B. Parks are public while rooftop gardens are private. D. chemist
C. Parks absorb heat while rooftop gardens do not. II. Pick out the word that has the stress syllable differently from that of the other
D. Parks require much space while rooftop gardens do not. words.(5p)
70. The author claims all of the following to be the benefits of rooftop gardens except 1.A. application B. certificate C. biology D.
.................................. security
A. increased space for private relaxation 2. A. university B. punctuality C. agricultural
B. savings on heating and cooling costs D.mathematician
C. better food for city dwellers 3. A. identify B. secondary C. luxuriously
D. improved air quality D. majority
71. According to the author, one advantage that rooftop gardens have over parks is that 4. A. academic B. engineering C. availabe
they .................................. D.sympathetic
A. decrease the Urban Heat Island Effect 5.A. obligatory B. geographical C. international D.
B. replenish the air with nourishing oxygen undergraduate
C. do not require the use of valuable urban land SECTION II- VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
D. are less expensive than traditional park spaces I. Choose the best option ( A, B, C or D) to complete sentence below and write your
72. The author’s tone in the passage is best described as.................................. answers in the answer sheet.( 10p)
A. descriptive B. passionate C. 1. She refused to eat meat under any ………………… .
informative D. argumentative A. circumstances B. occasion C. opportunity D.
73.Which of the following pieces of information would, if true, most weaken the author's reason
claim that rooftop gardens are good for the environment? 2. It was difficult to guess what he ……………. to the news would be.
A. Parks have many benefits that rooftop gardens do not share. A. feelings B. reaction C. capital
B. More pollution is produced during rooftop garden construction than rooftop plants can D. opinion
remove from the air. 3. Though badly damaged by fire, the palace was eventually …… to its original splendour.
C. Extremely high winds atop tall city buildings can severely damage some plants. A. repaired B. renewed C. restored
D. The overall environmental benefits that result from driving less exceed those of planting a D. renovated
rooftop garden. 4. He didn’t know anyone at the wedding ………….. than the bride and the groom.
74.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? A. except B. other C. apart D.
A. A hypothesis is stated and then analyzed. rather
B. A proposal is evaluated and alternatives are explored. 5. When you are an old age pensioner, you have to learn to ………… a very small income.
C. A viewpoint is established and then defended. A. live on B. live up to C. live out
D. A thesis is presented and then supported. D. live down
75.It can be inferred from the passage that the author would most likely endorse a program 6. I felt so much better, my doctor ………….. me to take a holiday by the sea.
that .................................. A. suggested B. considered C. accepted
A. permitted the construction of buildings in city park land provided they have rooftop D. advised
gardens 7. He said that the plane had already left and that I …………….. arrived an hour earlier.
B. extended discounts on plants to customers who use them to create rooftop gardens A. must have B. had to C. should have D. was
C. offered free admission to schools willing to take their students on field trips to the city supposed to
park 8. Alice didn’t expect ……………. to Bill’s party.
D. promised vacation getaways to cooler destinations for those trapped in the city at the A. to ask B. being asked C. to be asked
peak of summer D. asking
ENGLISH PRACTICE 32 9.The restaurants on the island are expensive, so it’s worth ……………… a packed lunch.
SECTION I–PHONETICS A. take B. to take C. taking
I.Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the rest in D. taken
the same line.( 5p) 10. When the alarm went off, Mick just turned ………..…. and went back to sleep.
1.A.several B. suppose C. decisive A. down B. over C. up
D. sister D. out
2.A. muddle B. struggle C. bush ENGLISH PRACTICE 33
D. interrupt I. PHONETICS
 Part 1: Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced A. guidance B. help C. aid D.
differently from that of the others in each group. Circle A, B, C or D to indicate your assistance
answer. (5 pts) 22. Mr. Henry was given a medal in _____ of his service to his country.
1. A. arrow B. loud C. moldy D. A. gratitude B. knowledge C. recognition D.
poultry response
2. A. basilisk B. bison C. basic D. basin 23. Everyone knows about pollution problems, but not many people have _____ any
3. A. subtlety B. indebtedness C. bombard D. solutions.
combing A. thought over B. come up with C. looked into D. got round to
4. A. benevolent B. content C. molecules D. 24. You _____ as well seek for a fish in the tree as try to do that.
technique A. must B. would C. should D. might
5. A. conscience B. bronchitis C. shuttle D. chauffeur 25. _____ calculations have shown that the earth’s resources may run out before the end of
Part 2: Choose the word whose syllable is stressed differently the next century.
from that of the others in each line. Circle A, B, C or D to indicate your answer. (5 pts) A. Raw B. Rude C. Crude D. Blunt
6. A. comic B. clementine C. climax D. 26. By the time you receive this letter, I _____ for China.
thermonuclear A. will have left B. have left C. would have left D. will leave
7. A. diligent B. dimension C. action D. 27. Prizes are awarded _____ the number of points scored.
innate A. resulting from B. adding up C. presented to D. according to
8. A. characterize B. absence C. datum D. charcoal 28. The needs of gifted children in schools have long been _____ neglected.
9. A. solicitor B. separately C. spacious A. dolefully B. woefully C. idly
D. sequence D. pathetically
10. A. parachute B. armchair C. accent D. accidentally 29. I must take this watch to be repaired; it _____ over 20 minutes a day.
II. LEXICO – GRAMMAR A. increases B. gains C. accelerates D. progresses
Part 1: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Circle A, B, C or 30. It had been a trying afternoon, _____ at about six o’clock in the television breaking
D to indicate your answer. (20 pts) down.
11. Assembly lines are useful for producing a large _____ of identical products. A. culminating B. leading C. arriving D. finalizing
A. quality B. quantity C. quandary
D. qualification
III. READING COMPREHENSION
12. Only the _____ of the building is going to be remodeled.
Part 1: Read the following passage and decide which answer (A,
A. insides B. interior C. indoors D. inner
B, C or D) best fits each gap. Circle A, B, C or D to indicate your answer. (10 pts)
13. Whether the sports club survives is a matter of complete _____ to me.
The ability to weep is a uniquely human form of emotional response.
A. indifference B. disinterest C. importance D.
Some scientists have suggested that human tears are (81) _____ of an aquatic past – but
interest
this does not seem very likely. We cry from the moment we enter this world, for a number
14. After years of neglect there was a huge _____ program to return the city to its former
of reasons. Helpless babies cry to persuade their parents that they are ill, hungry or
glory.
uncomfortable. As they (82) _____, they will also cry just to attract parental attention and
A. restoration B. preservation C. conservation D. refurbishment
will often stop when they get it.
15. The assistant suggested _____ the next day when the manager would be there.
The idea that having a good cry do you (83) _____ is a very old one and now it has scientific
A. we are coming back B. to come back
validity since recent research into tears has shown that they (84) _____ a natural painkiller
C. we will come back D. we came back
called enkaphalin. By fighting sorrow and pain this chemical helps you feel better.
16. I never get a _____ of sleep after watching a horror film.
Weeping can increase the quantities of enkaphalin you (85) _____.
A. wink B. blink C. night D.
Unfortunately, in our society we impose restrictions upon this naturally (86) _____ activity.
ounce
Because some people still regard it as a (87) _____ of weakness in men, boys in particular
17. As it was Christmas, the _____ at church was much larger than usual.
are admonished when they cry. This kind of repression can only increase stress, both
A. audience B. convention C. congregation D. grouping
emotionally and physically.
18. The sheep were huddled into a _____ to protect them from overnight frosts.
Tears of emotion also help the body (88) _____ itself of toxic chemical waste, for there is
A. cage B. kennel C. hutch D. pen
more protein in them than in tears resulting from cold winds or other irritants. Crying
19. The jury _____ the defendant “not guilty”.
comforts, calms and can be very enjoyable – (89) _____ the popularity of highly emotional
A. gave B. returned C. subscribed
films which are commonly (90) _____ “weepies”. It seems that people enjoy crying together
D. found
almost as much as laughing together.
20. Many _____ crafts such as weaving are now being revived.
81. A. witness B. evidence C. result
A. customary B. habitual C. traditional D.
D. display
ordinary
82. A. evolve B. change C. develop
21. He managed to finish his thesis under the _____ of his tutor.
D. alter
83. A. better B. fine C. good A. plains B. skeletons C. oxen
D. well D. Americans
84. A. contain B. retain C. hold 104. What can be inferred about the “Great American Desert” mentioned in line 7?
D. keep A. Many had settled there by the 1860’s.
85. A. construct B. achieve C. provide D. B. It was not originally assumed to be a fertile area.
produce C. It was a popular place to raise cattle before the Civil War.
86. A. curing B. treating C. healing D. It was not discovered until the late 1800’s.
D. improving 105. The word “barren” in line 7 is closed in meaning to _____.
87. A. hint B. symbol C. feature A. lonely B. uncomfortable C. infertile
D. sign D. dangerous
88. A. release B. rid C. loosen 106. The word “preferred” in line 8 is closed in meaning to _____.
D. expel A. favored B. available C. ordinary
89. A. consider B. remark C. distinguish D. required
D. regard 107. Which of the following can be inferred about the cultivated grass mentioned in the
90. A. named B. entitled C. subtitled second paragraph?
D. called A. Cattle raised in the Western United States refused to eat it.
Part 3: Read the following passage and answer the questions from 101 to 110. B. It had to be imported into the United States.
(10 pts) C. It would probably not grow in the western United States.
Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War (1861- D. It was difficult for cattle to digest.
1865) a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern 108. Which of the following was NOT one of the names given to the western grasses?
Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the A. Mesquite grass B. Bluejoint grass C.
next spring to see what had become of his cargo. Instead of the skeletons he had expected Buffalo grass D. Grama grass
to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and healthy. How had they survived? 109. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a characteristic of western grasses?
The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans lands trampled underfoot in A. They contain little moisture B. They have tough stems
their haste to cross the “Great American Desert” to reach lands that sometimes proved C. They can be grown indoors D. They are not affected by dry weather
barren. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a 110. According to the passage, the cattle help promote the growth of the wild grass by_____.
cultivated plant. It grew well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure A. eating only small quantities of grass. B. continually moving from one
and become nourishing hay for winter feed. But in the dry grazing lands of the West that grazing area to another.
familiar bluejoint grass was often killed by drought. To raise cattle out there seemed risky C. naturally fertilizing the soil. D. stepping on and pressing the seeds into the
or even hopeless. Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and ground.
somehow made it possible for cattle to feed themselves all winter? But the surprising
western wild grasses did just that. They had wonderfully convenient features that made ENGLISH PRACTICE 34
them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses. Variously known as buffalo grass, grama PART I: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR. (7, 0 POINTS)
grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune to drought; but they were actually I. Choose the best option to complete each of the sentences. (2,0
preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not juicy like the points)
cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be cured 1. The strike was ___ owing to a last minute agreement with the management.
in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground. When they dried in this way, A. called off B. broken up C. set back D. put
they remained naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle left outdoors to down
fend for themselves thrived on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh 2. Lindsay’s excuses for being late are beginning to ___ rather thin.
grass year after year for they trampled the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered A. get B. turn C. wear
by the melting snows of winter and the occasional rains of spring. The dry summer air D. go
cured them much as storing in a barn cured the cultivated grasses. 3. ___ the people who come to this club are in their twenties and thirties.
101. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. By and large B. Altogether C. To a degree D. Virtually
A. A type of wild vegetation B. Western migration after Civil War 4. My cousin was nervous about being interviewed on television, but she rose to the ___
C. The raising of cattle D. The climate of the Western United States wonderfully.
102. What can be inferred by the phrase “Legend has it” in line 1? A. event B. performance C. incident D. occasion
A. Most history book include the story of the train. 5. The train service has been a ___ since they introduced the new schedules.
B. The story of the train is similar to other ones from that time A. shambles B. rumpus C. chaos D. fracas
period. 6. Is an inexperienced civil servant ___ to the task of running the company.
C. The driver of the train invented the story. A. capable B. skilled C. eligible D. suited
D. The story of the train may not be completed factual. 7. We ___ have been happier in those days.
103. The word “they” in line 4 refers to _____.
 A. can’t B. couldn’t C. might not Never leave a spare key in a convenient hiding place. The first place a burglar will look is
D. must not under the doormat or in a flower pot and even somewhere more 'imaginative' could soon
8. You’ve lived in the city for most of your life, so ___ you’re used to the noise. be uncovered by the intruder. It is much safer to leave a key with a neighbour you can
A. apparently B. presumably C. allegedly D. trust. But if your house is in a quiet, desolate area be aware that this will be a burglar's
predictably dream, so deter any potential criminal from approaching your house by fitting security
9. The storm ripped our tent to ___ lights to the outside of your house.
A. slices B. shreds C. strips D. specks But what could happen if, in spite of the aforementioned precautions, a burglar or
10. He ____ so much harm on the nation during his regime that it has never fully intruder has decided to target your home. Windows are usually the first point of entry for
recovered. many intruders. Downstairs windows provide easy access while upstairs windows can be
A. indicted B. inferred C. induced D. reached with a ladder or by climbing up the drainpipe. Before going to bed you should
inflicted double-check that all windows and shutters are locked. No matter how small your
11. Hotel rooms must be ____ by 10 a. m, but luggage may be left with porters. windows may be, it is surprising what a narrow gap a determined burglar can manage to
A. vacated B. evacuated C. abandoned get through. For extra security, fit window locks to the inside of the window.
D. left What about entry via doors? Your back door and patio doors, which are easily forced
12. I do not think there is so much as a ____ of truth in that rumor. open, should have top quality security locks fitted. Even though this is expensive it will be
A. crumb B. speck C. grain D. pebble money well spent. Install a burglar alarm if you can afford it as another line of defence
13. He’s not exactly rich but he certainly earns enough money to ____ against intruders.
A. get through B. get by C. get on D. get up A sobering fact is that not all intruders have to break and enter into a property. Why go to
14. I have very ____ feelings about the plan – it might possibly work or it could be a the trouble of breaking in if you can just knock and be invited in? Beware of bogus
disaster. officials or workmen and, particularly if you are elderly, fit a chain and an eye hole so you
A. certain B. mixed C. doubtful D. can scrutinise callers at your leisure. When you do have callers never let anybody into
troubled your home unless you are absolutely sure they are genuine. Ask to see an identity card,
15. The noise of the typewriter really ____ me off. I just couldn’t concentrate. for example.
A. put B. pulled C. set If you are in the frightening position of waking in the middle of the night and think you
D. took can hear an intruder, then on no account should you approach the intruder. It is far better
16. The sixth time he called me at night was the ____ to telephone the police and wait for help.
A. last cause B. last straw C. touch and go D. hot 1. A well-protected house …………
air A. is less likely to be burgled. B. is regarded as a challenge by most criminals.
17. All three TV channels provide extensive ____ of sporting events. C. is a lot of bother to maintain. D. is very unlikely to be burgled.
A. broadcast B. network C. coverage 2. According to the writer, we should …………
D. vision A. avoid leaving our house empty. B. only go out when we have to.
18. They seemed to be ____ to the criticism and just carried on as before. C. always keep the curtains closed. D. give the impression that our house
A. disinterested B. sensitive C. uncaring D. is occupied when we go out.
indifferent 3. The writer thinks that hiding a key under a doormat or flower pot …………
19. “Shall we go out tonight?” - “____” A. is predictable. B. is useful.
A. Yes, I can B. Yes, we are C. Yes, we go C. is imaginative. D. is where you always find a spare
D. Yes, let’s key.
20. It's no use ___ over ___ milk. 4. What word best replaces “desolate” in paragraph 4?
A. crying/ spilt B. to cry/ spilling C. crying/ spilling D. crying/ to spill A. isolated B. populous C. dissatisfying
D. depressing
III. Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each 5. The phrase “aforementioned precautions” in paragraph 5 refers to steps that …………
question. Write your answer in the numbered box. (2, 0 points) A. will tell a burglar if your house is empty or not.
A recent survey of crime statistics shows that we are all more likely to be burgled now B. are the most important precautions to take to make your home safe. C. will stop a
than 20 years ago and the police advise everyone to take a few simple precautions to potential burglar.
protect their homes. D. will not stop an intruder if he has decided to try and enter your home.
The first fact is that burglars and other intruders prefer easy opportunities, like a house 6. Gaining entry to a house through a small window …………
which is very obviously empty. This is much less of a challenge than an occupied house, A. is surprisingly difficult.
and one which is well-protected. A burglar will wonder if it is worth the bother. B. is not as difficult as people think.
There are some general tips on how to avoid your home becoming another crime statistic. C. is less likely to happen than gaining entry through a door.
Avoid leaving signs that your house is empty. When you have to go out, leave at least one D. is tried only by very determined burglars.
light on as well as a radio or television, and do not leave any curtains wide open. The sight 7. According to the writer, window locks, security locks and burglar alarms …………
of your latest music centre or computer is enough to tempt any burglar. A. cost a lot of money but are worth it. B. are good value for money.
C. are luxury items. D. are absolutely essential items. A. I’ve been trying B. I had tried C. I’m trying D. I
8. The writer argues that fitting a chain and an eye hole………… tried
A. will prevent your home being burgled. 5. This is ___ the most difficult job I have ever tackled.
B. avoids you having to invite people into your home. A. by rights B. by all means C. by far D. by
C. is only necessary for elderly people. the way
D. gives you time to check if the visitor is genuine. 6. She ___till the early hours listening to pop music.
9. What word best replaces “scrutinise” in paragraph 7? A. took me up B. kept me up C. caught me up D. held
A. glance B. gaze C. search D. examine me up
10. The best title for the text is ………… 7. Please don’t ___yourself out. A sandwich will do.
A. Increasing household crime. B. Protecting your home from A. let B. put C. leave
intruders. D. take
C. Burglary statistics. D. What to do if a burglar 8. The chairman requested that ___
breaks into your home. A. the members studied more carefully the problem.
ENGLISH PRACTICE 35 B. the problem was more carefully studied.
PART I: PHONETICS. (1, 0 POINT) C. with more carefulness the problem could be studied.
Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the other words in D. the members study the problem more carefully.
the same group. Write your answer in the numbered box. 9. Smoking is ___ in many companies in our country.
1. A. exposure B. terminal C. A. permitted B. taught C. banned
utterance D. discipline D. stopped
2. A. economy B. elaborate C. 10. After the battle, the ___ soldiers were helped by those who could walk.
assassinate D. fascinate A. injured B. wounded C.
3. A. mountain B. sustain C. broken D. killed
contain D. retain 11. I don’t think this strange new fashion will …………
4. A. fulltime B. farmhand C. A. turn up B. care for C. show off
bookshop D. tradesman D. catch on
5. A. metropolitan B. entrepreneurial C. hippopotamus D. 12. Their house is ___ near the Cathedral.
curiosity A. whereabouts B. anywhere C. somewhere
6. A. company B. comfortable C. D. any place
together D. business 13. This young tree could not have been damaged by accident. I believe it was done ___
7. A. associate B. formal C. movement A. in fact B. on purpose C. by appointment D. by
D. militant plan
8. A. Important B. cigarette C. 14. There was hardly ___ money left in my bank account.
protection D. informal A. more B. no C. some
9. A. introduce B. conversation C. independent D. any
D. welcome 15. It is wrongly believed that natural resources will never be used ___.
10. A. expect B. alone C. liquor A. off B. out C.
D. invite away D. up
Your answers: IV. Find out and correct the mistake in each sentence. Write your answer in the box.
1. 2. 3. 4. (2, 0 points)
6. 7. 8. 9. Example: Thirty hours a week are a heavy work schedule. Answer: C  is
PART II: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR. (8, 0 POINTS) A B C D
I. Choose the best answer to fill in each gap. Write your answer in the numbered 1. A persimmon tastes best when it is such ripe that it looks wrinkled and almost spoiled.
box. (1, 5 point) A B
1. In the ___of security, personnel must wear their identity badges at all times. C D
A. requirement B. interests C. demands D. assistance 2. American pioneers did water systems from logs with holes bored through their
2. ___ how angry he was he would never resort to violence. centers.
A. No matter B. No problem C. Although A
D. Because B C D
3. We played the game ___ the rules. 3. The pituitary gland is a small endocrine gland at the base of the brain that releases
A. on account of B. ahead of C. according to many
D. apart from A
4. ___ to get through to Jackie for days now. Either she’s away or her phone’s out of order. B
hormones and regulates another endocrine glands. 7. A. destinations B. endings C. landings D. terminals
8. A. spreading B. expanding C. enlarging D. growing
C D 9. A. genuine B. valid C. effective D. legal
4. In America, the Indians used crude oil for fuel and medicine hundreds of years before 10. A. now B. here C. back D. then
the first white settlers arrive. A Your answers:
B C 1. 2. 3. 4.
D 6. 7. 8. 9.
5. When radio programs became popular, approximately around 1925, many people ENGLISH PRACTICE 36
stopped attending movies. I. Choose one word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A B C 1. A. resume B. statistics C.
D position D. designer
6. Musical comedies, as an American form of entertainment, often take its subjects from 2. A. criteria B. initiate C. certificate
America’s present or past. D. interactive
A B 3. A. ginger B. gesture C. gymnasium
C D D. ghost
7. Of all seashore plants, seaweeds are best able to tolerate long periods out of water, 4. A. teammate B. reading C. seaside
followed by long periods covering by water. A B D. creating
C D 5. A. crooked B. naked C. masked
8. The fruit of the plantain looks much like a banana, and it is not so sweet or so pleasing D. needed
in flavor.
A B II. Choose one word whose stress pattern is different from the others.
C D 6. A. oceanic B. argument C.
9. The viceroy butterfly, an insect that birds like to eat, has a color pattern similar to that temperature D. valuable
of the monarch butterfly, whom birds do not like to eat. A 7. A. incredible B. fortunately C.
B C D astronomy D. evaporate
10. Behavior therapy uses rewards and punishments to encourage patients to act in a 8. A. committee B. expensive C. guarantee
way healthier. D. successful
A 9. A. vocabulary B. assistance C. develop
B C D D. evidence
I. Read the passage below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. 10. A. applicant B. recognize C. yesterday
Write your answer in the numbered box. (2, 0 points) D. curriculum
It is now extremely popular to take a gap year between school and university or
university and work and to spend it traveling. There are plenty of reasons to recommend II. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
it - travel broadens the mind, you’re (1) ___ young once, life isn’t a rehearsal and so on. 21. There is a rumour that the National Bank is going to________ the company I am working
And if you don’t do it, you may always regret that you didn’t take the (2) ___. In the end, for.
there’s only one response: well, why not? A. take on B. take out of
The idea may have its roots in the 18 th century Grand tour once (3) ___ by the young, rich C. take off D. take over
and noble, but it is the middle classes who have turned it (4) ___ something that 200,000 22. It would be lovely if the children could see and, ________, touch the animals.
British youngsters do every year. (5) ___ has never been so easy and cheap, with more A. eventually B. if possible
places open to tourists than ever. Also, the gap year is now (6) ___ by many employers C. at last D. finally
and universities. 23. ________ he failed in the entrance exam caused his family much sadness.
The States, the Far East and Australia were among the original (7) ___ and although these A. Which B. That
remain in the top five, young explorers are now going even further. The most far-flung C. The thing D. What
corners of the world are (8) ___ in popularity year by year. About $700 will buy a student 24. Unless you return money immediately, you will risk being charged________ theft and getting
ticket (9) ___ for six months that will take you from London to Calcutta, Singapore, into serous trouble
Bangkok, Perth, Sydney, Auckland, Fiji, Tahiti, Los Angeles and (10) ___ again. A. on B. with
1. A. merely B. only C. slightly D. simply C. of D. for
2. A. occasion B. moment C. chance D. luck 25. The old woman came in, ________ by a young man.
3. A. undertaken B. gone C. done D. given A. accompany B. to be accompanied
4. A. up B. out C. over D. into C. accompanying D. accompanied
5. A. Voyage B. Travel C. Excursion D. Tour 26. I’ve applied for the job I saw________ in the newspaper last month.
6. A. received B. stood C. accepted D. admitted
 A. advertised B. advertising at work will be taken by women. Then, it is possible that women will have more
C. be advertised D. being advertised (68)________ life because, (69)________ in a very modern society, the women can’t
27. No, I didn’t know his number; ________ I’d have phoned him. (70)________ their role in the family.
A. otherwise B. so 61. A. advances B. advantages
C. therefore D. unless C. benefits D. conveniences
28. ________ the two sisters, Mary is________ . 62. A. Therefore B. However
A. Of/ the prettier B. Between/ the prettiest C. Of/ prettier D. C. As a result D. Although
Between/ the prettier 63. A. pursue B. support C.
29. A: Do you think it will rain tonight? promote D. stimulate
B: ________. I am attending the evening class. 64. A. to B. at
A. I don’t hope so B. I hope so C. I C. with D. of
hope not D. I am not hoping 65. A. obstacles B. disputes
30. Ninety________ the maximum length of time allowed for entrance exams to this school. C. profits D. problems
A. minute is B. minutes are 66. A. equality B. stables C.
C. minute are D. minutes is balance D. steadiness
67. A. senior B. junior C.
IV. Find one mistake in each sentence below by choosing the letter A, B, C or D. inferior D. superior
41. Joel giving up smoking has caused him to gain weight and become irritable with his 68. A. sheltered B. healthy C.
acquaintances. A B C D strenuous D. active
42. There are many different ways of comparing the economy of one nation with those of 69. A. though B. even
another. C. ever D. never
A B 70. A. perform B. adopt C.
C D fulfill D. neglect
43. George won’t lend you any money as long as you promise to pay him back. VII. Read the passage below and then choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.
A B C D Walt Disney was born in 1901 in Chicago, but soon moved to a small farm near Marceline,
44. Having worked hard during the summer, his result was very successful in the Missouri. From this rural and rather humble beginning, he later became one of the most
entrance examination. A B C famous and beloved motion-picture producers in history. Although he died in 1966, his
D name and artistic legacy continue to influence the lives of millions of people throughout
45. Society will be having to change radically to keep pace with the technology available. the world.
A B C D After several years of barely making ends meet as a cartoon artist
46. It is necessary that he goes to see a doctor as soon as he returns from taking the exam. operating from his Los Angeles garage, Disney had his first success in 1928, with his
A B C D release of a Mickey Mouse cartoon. Throughout the next decade, he continued to produce
47. The lion has long been a symbol of strength, power, and it is very cruel. a number of cartoons, and develop more of his highly profitable and enduring creations,
A B C D such as Donald Duck and Pluto. In the late 1930s, he issued a full-length cartoon film.
48. The Nobel Prize winning candidate, together with his wife and children, are staying in Snow White became an instant commercial and critical success. This was only the first of
Sweden after the presentation. A B C many films, both animated and not, produced by Disney and his studio.
D But as renowned as Disney name is for cartoons and movies, it is
49. My brother composes not only the music, but also sings the songs for the major probably best known for a string of spectacular amusement and theme parks. Starting
Broadway musicals. A B C with California’s Disneyland in 1955 and culminating with the fantastically successful
D Disney World and EPCOT Center in Florida, Disney became a household name. In recent
50. After driving for twenty miles, he suddenly realized that he has been driving in the years, the theme park concept became international, with openings in Tokyo and Paris.
wrong direction. A B C With the continuing success of Disney, the creation of future theme park is under
D discussion.
VI. Read the passage below and then choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. 71. Which of the following is the title for the passage?
Women nowadays have more (61)________ than those in the past. For example, our great A. The history of Disney World and Disneyland.
grandmothers were not allowed to go to school or to work to earn their own living. B. Walt Disney’s Boyhood Years
(62)________, they had to depend on their husbands financially. Modern women, on the C. Walt Disney and his Legacy.
contrary, can get good education, have their own careers, and (63)________ their interests. D. Walt Disney and Animated Cartoons
They can even take good positions in politics if they are competent (64)________ it. 72. The word “humble” in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.
However, women living in our modern society have their (65)________ too. Today women A. boring B. shy C. simple D.
work harder than their great grandmothers so that they can gain the (66)________ between respectful
working life and family life. Many people predict that by 2032, most (67)________ positions 73 What is the author’s attitude toward the accomplishments of Walt Disney?
A. critical B. respectful C. ambivalent 11. Hotel rooms must be _________ by 10 a. m, but luggage may be left with porters.
D. approving A. vacated B. evacuated C. abandoned
74. In paragraph 2 “barely making ends meet” in bold is closest in meaning to __________. D. left
A. meeting personal failure. B. producing only a few cartoons. 12. I do not think there is so much as a _________ of truth in that rumor.
C. not making much money. D. trying new businesses. A. crumb B. speck C. grain D. pebble
75. The word “enduring” in bold in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________. 13. He’s not exactly rich but he certainly earns enough money to _________.
A. lasting B. suffering C. famous D. A. get through B. get by C. get on D. get up
difficult 14. I have very _________ feelings about the plan – it might possibly work or it could be a
76. The word “renowned” in bold in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _________. disaster.
A. possessed B. talked about C. useful D. well-known A. certain B. mixed C. doubtful D.
77. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. troubled
A. Snow White was Disney’s most successful film. 15. The noise of the typewriter really _________ me off. I just couldn’t concentrate.
B. Disney created cartoon movies and “non cartoon” movies. A. put B. pulled C. set
C. the Tokyo theme park is in financial difficulty. D. took
D. the California theme park is now closed. 16. The sixth time he called me at night was the _________
78. The word “concept” in bold in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________. A. last cause B. last straw C. touch and go D. hot
A. idea B. location C. birth air
D. demand 17. All three TV channels provide extensive _________ of sporting events.
79. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. broadcast B. network C. coverage
A. Disney’s first achieved success after his death. D. vision
B. Mickey Mouse was Disney’s only cartoons creation. 18. They seemed to be _________ to the criticism and just carried on as before.
C. Snow White was the first full-length cartoon film. A. disinterested B. sensitive C. uncaring D.
D. Disney’s first concern was always profitability. indifferent
80. In future years it is most likely that ___________. 19. “Shall we go out tonight?” - “__________________ ”
A. the Disney name will stay well–known. A. Yes, I can B. Yes, we are C. Yes, we go
B. Disney will produce only cartoons. D. Yes, let’s
C. the Paris theme park will become successful 20. It's no use _________ over _________ milk.
D. the remaining theme parks will also close A. crying/ spilt B. to cry/ spilling C. crying/ spilling D. crying/ to spill
21. The strike was _________ owing to a last minute agreement with the management.
ENGLISH PRACTICE 37 A. called off B. broken up C. set back D. put
I. Choose one word whose stress pattern is different from the others. (5 pts) down
1. A. mathematics B. biology C. experiment 22. Lindsay’s excuses for being late are beginning to _________ rather thin.
2. A. evolution B. development C. discovery A. get B. turn C. wear
3. A. another B. energy C. centigrade D. go
4. A. evaporate B. temperature C. impossible 23. _________ the people who come to this club are in their twenties and thirties.
5. A. gravity B. professor C. pyramid A. By and large B. Altogether C. To a degree D.
Virtually
II. Choose the best option to complete each of the sentences. 24. My cousin was nervous about being interviewed on television, but she rose to the
6. Is an inexperienced civil servant_________ to the task of running the company. _________ wonderfully.
A. capable B. skilled C. eligible D. suited A. event B. performance C. incident D. occasion
7. We _________ have been happier in those days. 25. The train service has been a _________ since they introduced the new schedules.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. might not A. shambles B. rumpus C. chaos D. Fracas
D. must not
8. You’ve lived in the city for most of your life, so _________ you’re used to the noise.
A. apparently B. presumably C. allegedly VI. Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each
D. predictably question.
9. The storm ripped our tent to _________. A recent survey of crime statistics shows that we are all more likely to be burgled now
A. slices B. shreds C. strips D. specks than 20 years ago and the police advise everyone to take a few simple precautions to
10. He _________ so much harm on the nation during his regime that it has never fully protect their homes.
recovered. The first fact is that burglars and other intruders prefer easy opportunities, like a house
A. indicted B. inferred C. induced D. which is very obviously empty. This is much less of a challenge than an occupied house,
inflicted and one which is well-protected. A burglar will wonder if it is worth the bother.
There are some general tips on how to avoid your home becoming another crime statistic. A. is surprisingly difficult.
Avoid leaving signs that your house is empty. When you have to go out, leave at least one B. is not as difficult as people think.
light on as well as a radio or television, and do not leave any curtains wide open. The sight C. is less likely to happen than gaining entry through a door.
of your latest music centre or computer is enough to tempt any burglar. D. is tried only by very determined burglars.
Never leave a spare key in a convenient hiding place. The first place a burglar will look is 62. According to the writer, window locks, security locks and burglar alarms________.
under the doormat or in a flower pot and even somewhere more 'imaginative' could soon A. cost a lot of money but are worth it. B. are good value for money.
be uncovered by the intruder. It is much safer to leave a key with a neighbour you can C. are luxury items. D. are absolutely essential items.
trust. But if your house is in a quiet, desolate area be aware that this will be a burglar's 63. The writer argues that fitting a chain and an eye hole________.
dream, so deter any potential criminal from approaching your house by fitting security A. will prevent your home being burgled.
lights to the outside of your house. B. avoids you having to invite people into your home.
But what could happen if, in spite of the aforementioned precautions, a burglar or C. is only necessary for elderly people.
intruder has decided to target your home. Windows are usually the first point of entry for D. gives you time to check if the visitor is genuine.
many intruders. Downstairs windows provide easy access while upstairs windows can be 64. What word best replaces “scrutinise” in paragraph 7?
reached with a ladder or by climbing up the drainpipe. Before going to bed you should A. glance B. gaze C. search D. examine
double-check that all windows and shutters are locked. No matter how small your 65. The best title for the text is________.
windows may be, it is surprising what a narrow gap a determined burglar can manage to A. Increasing household crime. B. Protecting your home from
get through. For extra security, fit window locks to the inside of the window. intruders.
What about entry via doors? Your back door and patio doors, which are easily forced C. Burglary statistics. D. What to do if a burglar
open, should have top quality security locks fitted. Even though this is expensive it will be breaks into your home.
money well spent. Install a burglar alarm if you can afford it as another line of defense
against intruders.
A sobering fact is that not all intruders have to break and enter into a property. Why go to ENGLISH PRACTICE 38
the trouble of breaking in if you can just knock and be invited in? Beware of bogus
officials or workmen and, particularly if you are elderly, fit a chain and an eye hole so you PART A: PHONETICS (5 pts)
can scrutinise callers at your leisure. When you do have callers never let anybody into Question I: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from
your home unless you are absolutely sure they are genuine. Ask to see an identity card, the rest in the same line. (2 pts)
for example. 1. A. famous B. nervous C.
If you are in the frightening position of waking in the middle of the night and think you favourite D. mountain
can hear an intruder, then on no account should you approach the intruder. It is far better 2. A. through B. enough C. rough
to telephone the police and wait for help. D. tough
56. A well-protected house________. Question II: Find the word with the stress pattern different from that of the other
A. is less likely to be burgled. B. is regarded as a challenge by most three words in each question. (3 pts)
criminals. 3. A. passion B. encourage C.
C. is a lot of bother to maintain. D. is very unlikely to be burgled. occasion D. depend
57. According to the writer, we should________. 4. A. participant B. publicity C. competitive
A. avoid leaving our house empty. D. Individual
B. only go out when we have to. 5. A. limitation B. documentary C. government
C. always keep the curtains closed. D. interactive
D. give the impression that our house is occupied when we go out. PART B: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (45 pts)
58. The writer thinks that hiding a key under a doormat or flower pot________. Question I: Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence. (15
A. is predictable. B. is useful. pts)
C. is imaginative. D. is where you always find a spare 6. ..............1915 that the cinema really became an industry.
key. A. It is not until B. It was not until C. Not until
59. What word best replaces “desolate” in paragraph 4? D. Until in
A. isolated B. populous C. dissatisfying 7. I really appreciate________ to help me, but I am sure I’ll be able to manage by myself.
D. depressing A. you to offer B. you are offering C. your offering
60. The phrase “aforementioned precautions” in paragraph 5 refers to steps that________. D. that you offer
A. will tell a burglar if your house is empty or not. 8. My friend’s uncle has been________ MP ( Member of Parliament) for five years.
B. are the most important precautions to take to make your home safe. A. a B. an C. the
C. will stop a potential burglar. D. Ø
D. will not stop an intruder if he has decided to try and enter your home. 9. - Daisy: “What a lovely house you have!” - Mary: “………….”
61. Gaining entry to a house through a small window________. A. Lovely, I think so B. No problem
 C. Of course not, it’s not costly D. Thank you. Hope you will drop in When a young man starts to (56) _________his own living, he becomes free from the
10. My new glasses cost me _______ the last pair I bought last month. discipline of school and parents, but at the same time he is forced to accept
A. more than three times C. more three times than responsibilities. He can no longer expect (57) _________ to pay for his food, his clothes and
B. three times as much as D. as much three times as his room, but he has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most time
11. We bought some ________. playing about in a day he used to as a child, he will be hungry. And if he breaks the laws of
A. German lovely old glasses B. German old lovely glasses society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he
C. lovely old German glasses D. old lovely German glasses works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the greatest happiness
12. After years of neglect, there was a huge _____ program to return the city to its former of seeing himself make steady (58) _________ in his job and of building up for himself his
glory. own position in society.
A. restoration B. preservation C. Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be, but it is not necessary for the
conservation D. Refurbishment old to be unhappy. With old age (59) _________wisdom and the ability to help others with
13. We all have to follow the rules, and none of us is_____ the law. advice wisely given. The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in
A. beyond B. over C. above D. Onto life: they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them, and perhaps best of all,
14. On the_____, optimists believe that life will be much better than it is today. they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come (60) _________
A. contrary B. contrast C. opposition the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest,
D. opponent leaving others to continue the fight.
15. You had your house decorated, .............. ? 51. A. little B. a few C. a little
A. hadn’t you B. didn’t you C. weren’t you D. few
D. haven’t you 52. A. eaten B. fed C.
16. A part – time job gives me the freedom to ………… my own interests. feeded D. fetched
A. pursue B. chase C. seek 53. A. short B. term C.
D. catch addition D. reality
17. The type of plant and animal life living in and around a pond depends on the soil of 54. A. injury B. difficulty C.
the pond, .............., and the pond’s location. problem D. pain
A. what the quality of the water is B. how is the water quality 55. A. because B. by C. at
D. for
C. the quality of water D. what is the 56. A. take B. have C.
water quality create D. earn
18. __________ its accuracy, laser is very useful in medicine. 57. A. other B. another C. others
A. In view of B. As a result of C. Thanks to D. someone
D. Despite 58. A. progress B. achievement C.
19. ______ for their strong fiber include flax and hemp. improvements D. accomplishments
A. Plants are grown B. Plants grown 59. A. coming B. come C. came
D. had come
C. Plants that grow D. To grow plants 60. A. out B. across C. through
20. ______ appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is merely an D. back
optical illusion. Question III: Read the passage and choose the best answers to questions below. (10
A. What the Moon B. The Moon which pts)
C. When the Moon D. That the Moon For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They pro
PART C: READING COMPREHENSION (30 pts) and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often harsh environment of a city. What peop
Question I: Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable word or also provide considerable environmental benefits.
phrase for each space. (10 pts) One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide—a key pollutant—and emit o
Childhood is the time when there are (51)_________ responsibilities to make life difficult. If breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dio
a child has good parents, he is (52) _________ , looked after and loved, whatever he may do. Line 5 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what i
It is improbable that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much more of the
anything in return. In (53) _________, life is always presenting new things to the child- more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes conta
things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well- known. A materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spa
child finds pleasure playing in the rain , or in the snow. His first visit to the seaside is a Heat Island Effect.
marvellous adventure. But a child has his (54) _________ .He is not so free to do as he Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already b
wishes as he thinks older people are: he is continually told not to do things, or being Line 10 parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could be
punished (55) _________ what he has done wrong. His life’s therefore not perfectly happy. effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gard
not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on r
 Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but B. replenish
others are thesimple
air with
container
nourishing
gardens
oxygenthat
anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours C. of
dowork.
not require the use of valuable urban land
Line 15 Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and D. are
garden
less expensive
spaces, butthanwithout
traditional
takingpark
up thespaces
much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide 77. in the
Theair author’s
with nourishing
tone in theoxygen.
passage They
is best
alsodescribed as................................
help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money. In the summer, rooftop A. descriptive
gardens prevent B. passionate C. informative
buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens D. argumentative
help hold in
the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings
78. Which
on heatingof the bills.
following
Rooftoppieces
vegetable
of information
and would, if true, most weaken the author's
Line 20 herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money claim
andthatmaking rooftop their
gardens
diets healthier.
are good for
Rooftop
the environment?
gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental
A. Parks have investment.
many benefits that rooftop gardens do not share.
B. More pollution is produced during rooftop garden construction than rooftop plants can
remove from the air.
C. Extremely high winds atop tall city buildings can severely damage some plants.
Line 25 D. The overall environmental benefits that result from driving less exceed those of planting a
rooftop garden.
79. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
Line 30 A. A hypothesis is stated and then analyzed.
B. A proposal is evaluated and alternatives are explored.
C. A viewpoint is established and then defended.
Line 33 D. A thesis is presented and then supported.
80. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would most likely endorse a program
71. Based on its use in paragraph 2, it can be inferred that mitigate belongs to which of the that ..................
following word groups? A. permitted the construction of buildings in city park land provided they have rooftop
A. exacerbate, aggravate, intensify B. obliterate, destroy, gardens.
annihilate B. extended discounts on plants to customers who use them to create rooftop gardens.
C. allay, alleviate, reduce D. absorb, intake, consume C. offered free admission to schools willing to take their students on field trips to the city
72. Using the information in paragraph 2 as a guide, it can be inferred that ........................ park.
A. cities with rooftop gardens are cooler than those without rooftop gardens D. promised vacation getaways to cooler destinations for those trapped in the city at the
B. some plants are not suitable for growth in rooftop gardens peak of summer.
C. most people prefer parks to rooftop gardens
D. most people prefer life in the country over life in the city ENGLISH PRACTICE 39
73. According to the passage, the Urban Heat Island Effect is caused by the fact(s) that
.................. PART A. PRONUNCIATION
a. cities are warmer than nearby rural areas Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the other three in the
b. building materials absorb more of the sun’s heat than organic surfaces following question
c. building materials release the sun’s heat more quickly than organic surfaces 1. A. imagine B. discipline C. determine D.
A. b and c B. a and b C. a Valentines
D. a, b, and c 2. A. purses B. blouses C. amuses D.
74. Based on the information in paragraph 3, which of the following best describes the Pleases
main difference between parks and rooftop gardens? 3. A. lie B. goalie C. society D. pie
A. Parks are expensive to create while rooftop gardens are not. 4. A. finished B. jagged C. packed D.
B. Parks are public while rooftop gardens are private. punched
C. Parks absorb heat while rooftop gardens do not. 5. A. accurate B. tale C. shape D. date
D. Parks require much space while rooftop gardens do not. 6. A. situations B. obstacles C. secrets D.
75. The author claims all of the following to be the benefits of rooftop gardens except Sounds
........................ 7. A. chasm B. phrase C. suitcase D. chase
A. increased space for private relaxation 8. A. vineyard B. Finland C. business D. ignite
B. savings on heating and cooling costs 9. A. touched B. crooked C. missed D.
C. better food for city dwellers watched
D. improved air quality 10. A. dedicate B. private C. eliminate D.
76. According to the author, one advantage that rooftop gardens have over parks is that educate
they ........................
A. decrease the Urban Heat Island Effect PART B. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (5.0 points)
 19. Going on this diet has really_________me good. I’ve lost weight and I feel fantastic!
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the A. made B. taken C. done D. had
following questions. 20. She nearly lost her own life _________ attempting to save the child from drowning.
A. atB. with C. for D. in
1. The singer and actor____________ coming now. 21. The success of the party was mainly due to the presence of several _________ .
A. is B. are C. was D. were A. celebrations B. celebrated C. celebrities
2. Tom_________ things around the house, which is annoying. D. celebrates
A. always leaves B. has always left C. is leaving 22. I expect Tom’s jokes were awful. Actually they are _________ funny.
D. is always leaving A. rather B. quite C. completely D. totally
3. Up_________ when it saw its master. 23. She_________ me a nice compliment yesterday.
A. jumped the dog B. did the dog jump C. the dog jump A. brought B. made C. took D. paid
D. does the dog jump 24. Over the last few months garages_________ the price of petrol three times.
4. I’m really sleepy today. I wish I_________ Bob to the airport late last night. A. have risen B. have put up C. raised D. have gone up
A. weren’t taking B. hadn’t had to 25. The polar bear’s _________ depends on its ability to catch fish.
take A. survivor B. survive C. surviving D. survival
C. didn’t have to take D. didn’t take 26. It was _________ that I bought those books.
5. _________ you didn’t come to see her? A. this shop B. this shop whereC. at this shop D. the shop
A. How come B. Why C. What for D. A and B are 27. “ So how are things at school, Tim? “________________________”
correct A. Oh, pretty good, actually . B. Well, I can’t agree with you.
6. The couple _________in that castle for several months before they noticed anything odd. C. It’s my pleasure. D. I was not very good at it.
A. have been living B. have lived C. had been 28. _________, the young woman was visibly very happy after the birth of her child.
living D. were living A. Despite tired B. Though tired
7. That is the librarian _________ I got the information.
A. whom B. from who C. from him D. from whom C. Tired although she was D. She was tired
8. Part- time workers at the company are the first_________. 29. Our school _________ about 600 new students every year.
A. that is laid off B. who lay off C. being laid off A. admits B. accepts C. allows D. gets
D. to be laid off 30. The kind- hearted woman _________ all her life to helping the disabled and the poor.
9. Noise pollution generally receives less attention than_________ air pollution. A. wasted B. spent C. dedicated D. lived
A. does B. it does C. is D. it is 31. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted _________ a good answer.
10. While_________ to help him with his essay, I got impatient because he wouldn’t pay A. came up to B. came up for C. came up with D. came out of
attention to what I was saying. 32. Tom: “ Which is more important, luck or effort?”
A. I am trying B. having tried C. I try D. trying Mary: “ Luck is _________effort.”
11. After he left _________ University of Massachusetts, he went to_________ Indiana State A. on the same importance B. of the same importance as
University. C. the same importance as D. as the same importance as
A. the - ø B. the – the C. ø - the D. ø - ø 33. “ He’s not interested in Physics, is he?” “_________”
12. If Mary_________ me she was going, I could have asked her for a lift. A. No problem. B. Yes, he is not
A. tells B. had told C. wouldn’t tell D. won’t tell at all
13. The salesperson says that there_________ many quality items on sale from next Monday. C. I promise he isn’t. D. No, he isn’t,
A. was B. will be C. would be D. were I’m afraid.
14. There is a small number involved, possibly___________ a hundred. 34. As its sales have increased, that computer company is going to _________ more staff.
A. as many as B. as little as C. as few as D. as much as A. take in B. take on C. take over D. take up
15. I can never understand why quite a few city dwellers have no ideas of _________. 35. It is a good idea for them to exchange _________ before the visits.
A. that their neighbor B. who are their A. correspond B. corresponds C.
neighbors correspondence D. correspondingly
C. whose neighbor is D. who their
neighbors are Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in
16. His pale face suggested that he _________ not well. meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
A. should be B. be C. were D. was 36. For a decade, Barzilai has studied centenarians, looking for genes that contribute to
17. Corporations have been donating more and more to _________. longervity.
A. the needy B. the need C. the needy people D. the needed A. who are vegetarians B. who want to
18. You’re going to set up the equipment in a minute. _________ give you a hand? be fruitarians
A. Shall I B. Will I C. Would I D. Do I
 C. who are extraordinary D. who live to be B. by the age of five it is extremely well established
100 or older C. extremely well established by the age of five
37. The high mountain climate is cold and inhospitable. D. by the age of five and extremely well established
A. rainy B. stormy C. uninviting D. intense 49. Having been served lunch, _________.
38. After the bottom fell out of the market, he was virtually bankrupt. A. the problem was discussed by the members of the committee
A. completely B. finally C. practically D. dishonestly B. the committee members discussed the problem
39. . My uncle, who is an accomplished guitarist, taught me how to play. C. it was discussed by the committee members the problem
A. skillful B. famous C. perfect D. modest D. a discussion of the problem was made by the committee
40. New members will be issued with a temporary identity card. 50. He objected to____________________________.
A. of a long time B. of a short time A. his mistakes being laughed at B. laughing his mistakes at
C. of great attempt D. of prime C. his mistakes laughing at D. his mistakes at laughing
importance

Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to show the underlined part that needs PART C. READING (6.0 points)
correction in each of the following questions.
I. Read the following passage and circle the most suitable answer ( A,B,C or D ) for
41. My laptop is very slow and unreliable. If you use it, please save your files frequently if each space: (2 points)
you do A B According (0)______ a magazine article I read recently, we (1)______
C live in an age of increasing leisure. Not only are more and more people reaching
not want to loose it. retirement age with their taste for enjoyment and even adventure relatively (2)________
D but the working week is becoming shorter and the opportunities for leisure are becoming
42. It took a ship approximately eight hours to complete the trip through the canal and greater and greater all the time. Not to mention the fact that people (3)_________ to spend
cost an less time traveling to work or may even be working from home. What I can't understand,
A B C however, is who these people are. As far as I can (4)________ the whole thing is another one
average of fifteen thousands dollars. of the journalistic fictions. I admit that there are a lot of retired people nowadays but I
D am not sure that all of them are dashing about learning hang- gliding or sailing single-
43. If they took their language lesson seriously, they would be able to communicate handed (5)_________ the world. My own parents seem to (6)_______ most of their time gazing
A B C at the television. And as for the shorter working week, I wish someone (7)________ remind
with the locals now. my company about it. I seem to be working longer and longer hours all the time. The little
D leisure time I have is eaten into by sitting in the traffic jams or waiting for trains to
44. Neither of the men arresting as terrorists would reveal information about his group. (8)_______ up at rain-swept platforms. I haven't noticed any dramatic improvements in my
A B C D (9)_________ either, but perhaps I just have to wait until I get my (10)__________ .
45. Many places of history, scientific, cultural, or scenic importance have been designated 0. A. to B. for
A B C C. of D. into
national monuments. 1. A. present B. at the moment C. now
D D. at this time
2. A. present B. survived C. free
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following D. intact
questions. 3. A. use B. tend C. have
46. Hillary changed her major from linguistics to business, ______. D. demand
A. hoping she can easier get a job 4. A. concern B. imagine C. expect
B. with the hope for being able finding a better job D. tell
C. hoping to find a job more easily 5. A. round B. over C.
D. with hopes to be able easier to get employment through D. into
47. _________, I was pleased it was over. 6. A. have B. use C. save
A. Though strange it was D. spend
B. Despite it may sound strange 7. A. would B. to C. had
C. Strange though it may sound D. might
D. Even though being very strange 8. A. keep B. line C.
48. Most psychologists agree that the basic structure of an individual’s personality show D. set
is_________. 9. A. cost of living B. lifestyle C. lifeline D.
A. well established extremely by the age of five livelihood
10. A. pension B. retirement C.
insurance D. salary
II. Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.(2 points)
The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and
how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras:
the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century
when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were
essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these
essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid
weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by
providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.
The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might
be called "the vitamin period. " Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency
syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents
necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for
which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin
therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in
having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the
focus of this education was on the recognition of deficiency symptoms. Herein
lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of
nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that
went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.
In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin
therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in
medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug
companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply
practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the
virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to
the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect,
vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis
conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to
chronic health problems.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The stages of development of clinical nutrition as a field of study
B. The history of food preferences from the nineteenth century to the present
C. The effects of vitamins on the human body
D. Nutritional practices of the nineteenth century
2. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following discoveries was made
during the first era in the history of nutrition?
A. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.
B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods.
C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined.
D. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.
3. The word "tempting" is closest in meaning to.
A. realistic B. necessary C. correct
D. attractive
4. It can be inferred from the passage that medical schools began to teach concepts of
nutrition in order to
A. encourage medical doctors to apply concepts of nutrition in the treatment of disease
B. support the creation of artificial vitamins
C. convince doctors to conduct experimental vitamin therapies on their patients
D. convince medical doctors to participate in research studies on nutrition
5. The word "Reckless" is closest in meaning to?
A. recorded B. irresponsible C. informative
D. urgent
6. The word "them" refers to
A. effects B. vitamins C. claims D. therapies
7. Why did vitamin therapy begin losing favor in the 1950's ?
A. Medical schools stopped teaching nutritional concepts
B. Nutritional research was of poor quality
C. The public lost interest in vitamins
D. Claims for the effectiveness of vitamin therapy were seen to be exaggerated.
8. The phrase "concomitant with" is closest in meaning to
A. in dispute with B. prior to C. in conjunction
with D. in regard to
9. The word "skyrocketing" is closest in meaning to
A. internationally popular B. increasing rapidly C. surprising D.
acceptable
10. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses
A. Why nutrition education lost its appeal B. Problems associated with
undernutrition
C. The fourth era of nutrition history D. How drug companies became
successful
III. Read the passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions .(2 points )
Choosing a career may be one of the hardest jobs you ever have, and it must be
done with care. View a career as an opportunity to do something you love, not simply as a
way to earn a living. Investing the time and effort to thoroughly explore your options can
mean the difference between finding a stimulating and rewarding career and move from
job to unsatisfying job in an attempt to find the right one. Work influences virtually every
aspect of your life, from your choice of friends to where you live. Here are just a few of the
factors to consider.
Deciding what matters most to you is essential to making the right decision. You
may want to begin by assessing your likes, dislikes, strengths, and weaknesses. Think
about the classes, hobbies, and surroundings that you find most appealing. Ask yourself
questions, such as “Would you like to travel ? Do you want to work with children ? Are
you more suited to solitary or cooperative work ?” There are no right or wrong
answers ; only you know what is important to you. Determine which job features you
require, which ones you would prefer, and which ones you cannot accept. Then rank
them in order of importance to you.
The setting of the job is one factor to take into account. You may not want to sit at
a desk all day. If not, there are diversity occupation – building inspector, supervisor, real
estate agent – that involve a great deal of time away from the office. Geographical location
may be a concern, and employment in some fields in concentrated in certain regions.
Advertising job can generally be found only in large cities. On the other hand, many
industries such as hospitality, law education, and retail sales are found in all regions of
the country.
If a high salary is important to you, do not judge a career by its starting wages.
Many jobs, such as insurance sales, offers relatively low starting salaries; however, pay
substantially increases along with your experience, additional training, promotions and D. Your initial view of certain careers may not be accurate.
commission. ENGLISH PRACTICE 40
Don’t rule out any occupation without learning more about it. Some industries PART A. PRONUNCIATION
evoke positive or negative associations. The traveling life of a flight attendant appears Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the other three in the
glamorous, while that of a plumber does not. Remember that many jobs are not what following question
they appear to be at first, and may have merits or demerits that are less obvious. Flight 1. A. appropriate B. opposite C.
attendants must work long, grueling hours without sleeps, whereas plumbers can be as economic D. technology
highly paid as some doctors. Another point to consider is that as you mature, you will 2. A. dykesB. mins C. pesticides D.
likely develop new interests and skills that may point the way to new opportunities. The nowadays
choice you make today need not be your final one. 3. A. cooked B. practised C.
laughed D. decided
1. The word “assessing” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by 4. A. application B. identify C.
A. discovering B. considering C. measuring chemistry D. indicate
D. disposing 5. A. managed B. played C.
2. The author states that “There are no right or wrong answers” in order to ____ penalized D. marked
A. emphasize that each person’s answers will be different. 6. A. style B. typical C. pretty D.
B. show that answering the questions is a long and difficult process. penalty
C. indicate that the answers are not really important. 7. A. mature B. century C. future
D. indicate that each person’s answers may change over time. D. puncture
3. The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to 8. A. lie B. pie C. tie D.
A. questions B. answers C. features D. believe
jobs 9. A. mastery B. baggy C. deny
4. According to paragraph 3, which of the following fields is NOT suitable for a person D. symbol
who does not want to live in a big city ? 10. A. organization B. capital C.
A. plumbing B. law C. retail sales dictation D. co-operation
D. advertising
5. It can be inferred from the paragraph 4 that PART II. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
A. jobs in insurance sales are generally not well-paid. I. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct answer among four
B. insurance sales people can earn high salary later in their career. options (A, B, C or D). (1,5 points).
C. people should constantly work toward the next promotion. 1. He's really shy _______ girl.
D. a starting salary should be an important consideration in choosing a career. A. by B. at
6. The word “evoke” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to C. for D. with
A. agree on B. bring to mind C. be related to 2. The teacher _______ her to improve her drawing.
D. differ from A. insisted B. encouraged
7. The word “that” in paragraph 5 refers to C. made D. persisted
A. occupation B. the traveling life 3. I couldn't quite ______ what they were doing because they were so far away.
C. a flight attendant D. commission A. bear out B. make out
8. Why does the author mention “long, grueling hours without sleeps” in paragraph 5 ? C. think out D. try out
A. To emphasize the difficulty of working as a plumber. 4. The meal Mary cooked tastes_______.
B. To contrast the reality of a flight attendant’s job with most people’s perception. A. well B. nice
C. To show that people must work hard for the career they have chosen. C. good D. worse
D. To discourage readers from choosing a career as a flight attendant. 5. ______ at the party, we saw Ruth standing alone.
9. In paragraph 5, the author suggests that A. Arriving B. We arrived
A. you may want to change careers at some time in the future. C. Arrived D. We were arriving
B. as you get older, your career will probably less fulfilling. 6. The people who______ the survey said that they had examined over 1,000 accidents.
C. you will be at your job for a lifetime, so choose carefully. A. gave B. proceed
D. you will probably jobless at some time in the future. C. set D. conducted
10. According to the passage, which of the following is true ? 7. The judge found him ______ of stealing and sent him to prison.
A. To make a lot of money, you should not take a job with a low starting salary. A. evil B. innocent
B. To make lots of money, you should rule out all factory jobs. C. guilty D. wicked
C. If you want an easy and glamorous lifestyle, you should consider becoming flight 8. The house we have rented is______. So we will have to buy some beds, chairs, tables, etc.
attendant
 A. unrestored B. unrepaired 1. A. runs B. arrives C. goes
C. unfurnished D. undecorated D. descends
9. He was turned down for the job because he is ________. 2. A. source B. origin C. base
A. qualified B. qualifying D. meaning
C. unqualified D. qualification 3. A. movements B. signals C. slogans D. motions
10. The trouble started only______ the other man came into the room. 4. A. near B. tight C. close
A. when B. until C. and D. heavy
then D. too soon 5. A. consists of B. applies to C. counts on
11. _______, the disaster would not have happened. D. contributes to
A. Had you have obeyed the orders B. You 6. A. works B. effects C. makes D.
had obeyed the orders turns
C. You obeyed the orders D. Had 7. A. too B. as well C. also
you obeyed the orders D. plus
12. _______ had booked in advance were allowed in. 8. A. check B. power C. choice D.
A. Only who control
B. Only those who 9. A. so B. such C. like
C. Only who were those D. Only were those who D. thus
13. Traveling alone to a jungle is adventurous, ________. 10. A. facilities B. activities C. exercises
A. if not impossible B. if it D. Amenities
not impossible
C. when not impossible D. when it not impossible
14. I ______ the hot weather in the south.
A. use to B. used to C. am use to
D. am used to
15. The meat looked very _______ to the dog.
A. invited B. invite C.
inviting D. invitingly
PART III. READING
I. Complete the following passage by choosing A, B, C or D to fill in each blank. (1,0
point)
In recent years, there has been a remarkable increase into happiness. The researchers
have come up a number of factors which contribute to a definition of happiness.
First of all, there is, in some people, a moderate genetic
predisposition to be happy, in other words, happiness (1)_______ in families. And
happiness seems to correlate quite strongly with the main dimensions of personalities:
extroverts are generally happier, neurotics are less so.
Second, people often report good social relations as a reason for
their happiness. In particular, friends are a great (2)______ of joy, partly because of the
agreeable things they do together, partly because of the way friends use positive non-
verbal (3)______ such as caressing and touching, to affirm their friendship. Marriage and
similar (4)______ relationships can also form the basis of lasting happiness.
Third, job satisfaction undoubtedly (5)______ overall satisfaction, and
vice versa - perhaps this is why some people are happy in boring jobs: it (6)______ both
ways. Job satisfaction is caused not only by the essential nature of the work, but (7)_____
by social interactions with co-workers. Unemployment, on the contrary, can be a serious
cause of unhappiness.
Fourth, leisure is important because it is more under individual
(8)______ than most other causes of happiness. Activities (9)_____ sport and music, and
participation in voluntary work and social clubs of various kinds, can give great joy. This
is partly because of the (10)______ themselves, but also because of the social support of
other group members – it is very strong in the case of religious groups.