‫‪Kisah perang ahzab / khandaq‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ اﺑﻦ ﻭﻫﺐ ﻭﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﻣﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻪﻠﻟا ﺻﻠﻰ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ ":‬ﺇﺫ ﺟﺎﺅﻛﻢ‬
‫"ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﻗﻜﻢ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻭﺇﺫ ﺯاﻏﺖ اﻷﺑﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﻠﻐﺖ اﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ اﻟﺤﻨﺎﺟﺮ‬
‫]اﻷﺣﺰاﺏ‪[ 10 :‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﻮﻡ اﻟﺨﻨﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎءﺕ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭاﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭاﻟﻨﺠﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺟﺎءﻭا ﻣﻦ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﻗﻬﻢ ﺑﻨﻮ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻭﻏﻄﻔﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺒﺒﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﻧﻔﺮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻛﻨﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻼﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭﺳﻼﻡ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻢ ﻭﺣﻴﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻄﺐ اﻟﻨﻀﺮﻳﻮﻥ ﻭﻫﻮﺫﺓ ﺑﻦ ﻗﻴﺲ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻭاﺋﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻢ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻳﻬﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺣﺰﺑﻮا اﻷﺣﺰاﺏ ﻭﺃﻟﺒﻮا ﻭﺟﻤﻌﻮا‪ ،‬ﺧﺮﺟﻮا ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻲ اﻟﻨﻀﻴﺮ ﻭﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻭاﺋﻞ ﻓﺄﺗﻮا ﻣﻜﺔ ﻓﺪﻋﻮا ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺏ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻪﻠﻟا ﺻﻠﻰ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭاﻋﺪﻭﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ اﻧﺘﺪﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻣﻜﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﺧﺮﺝ اﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻄﻔﺎﻥ ﻓﺪﻋﻮﻫﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑﻮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺮﺟﺖ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻳﻘﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺮﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻏﻄﻔﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺎﺋﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻴﻴﻨﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺼﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺪﺭ اﻟﻔﺰاﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺰاﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭاﻟﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮﻑ اﻟﻤﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺧﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺷﺠﻊ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺳﻤﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻪﻠﻟا ﺻﻠﻰ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻬﻢ ﻭﺧﺮﻭﺟﻬﻢ ﺷﺎﻭﺭ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﺷﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺤﻔﺮ اﻟﺨﻨﺪﻕ ﻓﺮﺿﻲ ﺭﺃﻳﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ اﻟﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮﻭﻥ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ‪ :‬ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ اﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭ‪ :‬ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎ! ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻪﻠﻟا ﺻﻠﻰ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‪( :‬ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺃﻫﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ)‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ اﻟﺨﻨﺪﻕ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺷﻬﺪﻩ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻪﻠﻟا ﺻﻠﻰ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ ﺣﺮ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻪﻠﻟا‪ ،‬ﺇﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﺑﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﺇﺫا ﺣﻮﺻﺮﻧﺎ ﺧﻨﺪﻗﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻨﺪﻕ ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻜﺺ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻮﻥ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮا ﻳﺘﺴﻠﻠﻮﻥ ﻟﻮاﺫا «‪ » 1‬ﻓﻨﺰﻟﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ اﺑﻦ ﺇﺳﺤﺎﻕ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻩ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻍ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫‪. Tafsir qurtuby‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺼﺘﻪ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻛﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﻨﺪﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻮاﺕ‬