Nama: Nasya Agustania Putri

NPM: A1B023104
Mahasiswa PMM

B. INSTRUCTION
Answer these following questions briefly.
1. Mention and explain the methods of teaching English to young learners. (score: 20)
2. Mention and explain the ways to teach listening skills to young learners. (score: 20)
3. Mention and explain the ways to teach speaking skills to young learners. (score: 20)
4. Mention and explain the ways to teach reading skills to young learners. (score: 20)
5. Mention and explain the ways to teach writing skills to young learners. (score: 20)

Answer
1. - Total Physical Response (TPR): Involves using physical actions to accompany language
instruction, helping young learners associate words with actions, making learning more
memorable and engaging.
- Storytelling: Narrating stories in English captivates young minds, improves listening skills, and
exposes them to new vocabulary and sentence structures in a natural context.
- Songs and Rhymes: Incorporating songs and rhymes into lessons promotes language
acquisition through rhythm, repetition, and enjoyment, making learning English fun and
memorable.
- Interactive Games and Activities: Using games like flashcards, board games, and role-playing
activities not only reinforces language skills but also fosters social interaction and collaboration
among young learners.
- Visual Aids: Utilizing visual aids such as pictures, charts, and videos enhances comprehension
and vocabulary acquisition, especially for visual learners.
- Task-based Learning: Engaging students in hands-on tasks or projects related to real-life
situations encourages language production and problem-solving skills while making learning
English meaningful and practical.

2. - Listening to Stories: Reading aloud or playing recorded stories exposes young learners to
natural language patterns, intonation, and vocabulary in context. Encourage active listening by
asking comprehension questions or having them retell the story.
- Songs and Rhymes: Listening to songs and rhymes helps young learners develop phonemic
awareness, rhythm, and pronunciation. Choose catchy, repetitive songs with clear lyrics and
incorporate gestures or movements to enhance engagement.
- Listening Games: Play listening games like "Simon Says" or "What's Missing?" where children
have to listen carefully and follow instructions or identify missing elements from a sequence of
sounds or words.
- Listening Centers: Set up listening centers with headphones and audio materials such as stories,
songs, or dialogues. Provide opportunities for children to listen independently and respond
through activities like drawing, matching, or role-playing.
- Audio-Visual Materials: Use multimedia resources like videos, animations, or interactive apps
designed for young learners to provide visual support while listening. Pause the audio to discuss
key points or ask comprehension questions.
- Real-life Listening Experiences: Take advantage of everyday situations to expose children to
authentic listening opportunities, such as listening to announcements, conversations, or
environmental sounds during nature walks or field trips.
- Pair and Group Activities: Incorporate pair or group activities where children listen to each
other, such as partner interviews, storytelling circles, or cooperative games that require listening
and responding to peers' instructions or ideas.

3. - Modeling: Teachers should model clear pronunciation, intonation, and speaking at an

appropriate pace. Demonstrating how to greet, ask questions, or share ideas sets a positive
example for young learners to follow.
- Repeat after me Activities: Engage students in repeat-after-me activities where they mimic
sentences or phrases modeled by the teacher. This helps improve pronunciation, intonation, and
fluency while building confidence in speaking.
- Role-playing: Encourage role-playing activities where students act out everyday scenarios like
ordering food at a restaurant, playing at the park, or visiting the doctor. Role-playing fosters
creativity, vocabulary expansion, and social interaction while practicing speaking skills in context.
- Show and Tell: Provide opportunities for students to share about themselves, their interests, or
special items through show and tell sessions. This encourages speaking spontaneously and helps
students develop storytelling skills and confidence in speaking in front of others.
- Story Retelling: After listening to a story, have students retell the main events or summarize
the plot in their own words. This activity enhances comprehension, speaking fluency, and the
ability to organize thoughts coherently.
- Pair and Group Discussions: Facilitate pair or group discussions on topics relevant to young
learners' interests or experiences. Encourage students to ask questions, share opinions, and
listen to their peers, promoting communication skills and building vocabulary.

4. - Phonics Instruction: Teach phonics systematically by introducing letter-sound correspondences

and blending sounds to form words. Use multisensory activities, such as phonics games,
manipulatives, and songs, to engage learners in hands-on learning.
- Shared Reading: Read aloud to students while pointing to the words in the text. Encourage
active participation by asking questions, making predictions, and discussing the story together.
Shared reading builds vocabulary, comprehension, and print awareness.
- Sight Words: Introduce high-frequency sight words that children encounter frequently in texts.
Use flashcards, games, and repetitive practice to help students recognize these words quickly
and automatically, enhancing their reading fluency.
- Guided Reading Groups: Form small groups based on students' reading levels and provide
targeted instruction tailored to their needs. Use leveled readers or decodable books that match
their proficiency level, and scaffold support as they develop reading skills.
- Reading Aloud: Model fluent reading by reading aloud with expression and intonation.
Demonstrate strategies such as decoding unknown words, using context clues, and monitoring
comprehension. Encourage students to read along and join in when they feel comfortable.

5. - Pre-writing Activities: Begin by engaging students in pre-writing activities such as

brainstorming, mind mapping, or drawing pictures related to the topic. This helps generate ideas
and organize thoughts before starting to write.
- Modeling: Demonstrate writing processes and techniques by modeling how to write different
types of texts, such as stories, letters, or journal entries. Use think-alouds to explain the thought
process behind writing, including planning, drafting, revising, and editing.
- Shared Writing: Collaboratively write texts with students, allowing them to contribute ideas and
participate in the writing process. Use interactive writing techniques, such as shared writing
charts or sentence strips, to engage students in composing sentences and stories together.
- Writing Workshops: Implement writing workshops where students have dedicated time to work
on their writing independently or in small groups. Provide prompts, writing materials, and
support as needed, and encourage creativity and experimentation with language.
- Guided Writing: Provide guided writing activities where students receive support and feedback
as they practice writing independently. Offer prompts, sentence starters, or graphic organizers to
scaffold writing tasks and gradually release responsibility to students as their skills develop.