TOPIC :

PERSONALITY

PRESENTERS :
MUHAMMAD NOUMAN
:

MUNEEZA
SALIHA ABBAS
MALIK HASEEB

VISHA AKHTAR
 1.INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF
PERSONALITY
➢ INTRODUCTION:

▪ The word personality originates from the Latin word

"Persona" meaning "Mask".
This mask is worn by performers in order to either project different
roles or cover their identities.

▪ In 1937, Gordon Allport (who was the founder of personality)

wrote a book and defined personality.
➢ DEFINITION:
▪ In general, personality is referred to as "External
Appearance"
▪ Basically, personality is a combination of:

Attitude Behavior Cognition

Thoughts Motives Beliefs

▪ Personality does not develop spontaneously rather took

a period of time
▪ It starts to develop during childhood and
then strengthened and moulded till childhood.

▪ It makes a person unique.

2.Theories related to the personality:

• PIAJET"S Theory of cognitive development

• FREUD"S psychological theory of personality development
• ERIKSON"S stages of psychological development
 ➢ TYPES GIVEN BY HIPPOCRATES:
1.Sanguine:
Persons grouped into this type of personality are
cheerful ,optimistic, vigorous and outgoing.
2.Melancholic:
This type of people are very depressed, sad,

3.PERSONALITY reserved and hopeless in life.

3.Phlegmatic:
TYPES People which are quiet ,calm, slow
moving unexcitable and carefree are included
in this type of personality.
4.Choleric:
Such type of persons are hot-tempered ,restless
bold, irritable and eager to achieve.
➢ TYPES GIVEN BY FRIEDMAN AND ROSEMAN:

TYPE A TYPE B
• They are . They are calm and easy-going.
. aggressive.
They struggle to achieve more . They have no pressing
in less time. deadlines.
. Workaholic . Work for fun
. Stressed over work . Relaxed without guilt
. Impatient . Patient—Not in a hurry
. Achievement oriented . Non-competitive
4.
5.INFLUENCE OF PERSONALITY
IN DETERMINING REACTIONS
DURING HEALTH, DISEASE,
HOSPITALIZATION AND STRESS
▪ There is a theory called BIG FIVE regarding influence of
personality which underlines five personality traits.

1.Neuroticism
2.Agreeableness
3.Extraversion
4.openness to experience
5.consciencetious
• NEUROTICISM: • AGREEABLENESS:

❖ People high in neuroticism experience ❖ Agreeable individuals are empathic,

negative emotions such as fear, anxiety, compassionate, people pleaser, comforting and
frustration and feelings of loss. cooperative.

❖ This attitude leads to mental disorders like panic ❖ They prioritize others over themselves
disorder, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease as because of which they slack and fell a prey
well as physical disorders like to diseases.
Cardiovascular and Immune system problems.

❖ During disease and hospitalization, they may ❖ During hospitalization, they maintain harmonious
exhibit heightened distress and may perceive relationship with healthcare providers and family.
their health condition more severe than it actually This behavior produce positive impact on their
is. treatment.
• EXTRAVERSION:
❖ Extraverted people tend to be
outgoing, sociable and energetic.
❖ Due to their sociable nature, they
easily feel helplessness and
hopelessness
❖ During disease and hospitalization,
they may seek more social support
which can buffer the negative effects
of these experiences and helps them
boost their mood.
• OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE:
❖ People high in openness are curious,
imaginative and easy going. They enjoy the
process towards their goals.
❖ They are less likely to develop mental
disorders but still health issues probably
due to diet.
❖ During disease and hospitalization, they are
willing to explore alternative treatments and
therapies to manage their condition and help
the healthcare providers.
• CONSCIENCTIOUSNESS:

❖ Such individuals are organized, disciplined,

diligent and responsible.

❖ Due to their organized life ,they face less health

issues. They develop healthy relations with others
due to commitments.

❖ Unluckily, if they face health issues they are likely to

adhere to the doctor's prescription and treatment
regimens which helps them recover fast.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
➢ Introduction and definition of personality

➢ Theories of personality

➢ Types of personality

➢ Factors affecting personality development

➢ Influence of personality in determining reactions during health,

disease, hospitalization and stress
 THANK YOU
For your attention!!