Mechanics of Fluids Unit 4

SIMILITUDE AND FLOW MEASUREMENT ( Session # 6 )

( Flow through notches and weirs )
NOTCH WEIR
 Definition :-An opening in the side of a tank or  Definition :-A concrete or masonry structure, placed in
small channel such that liquid surface in the tank an open channel over which flow occurs.
is below the top edge of opening.
 Classification :- NOTCHES  Classification :- WEIRS
Sharp crested

Broad crested
Rectangular
Rectangular Narrow crested
With end Without end Triangular
Contraction Contraction Ogee shaped
Triangular
Trapezoidal
(cippoletti weir)
Trapezoidal
With end Without end
Contraction Contraction
Stepped

RECTANGULAR NOTCH TRIANGULAR NOTCH

H= Head of water over crest

L=Length of notch or weir
dh= Elementary horizontal strip of water of thickness dh
h= Depth of dh strip from free surface of water.
 Mechanics of Fluids Unit 4

AC 
AC
 
tan
 Area of Strip = L  dh 2 OC H  h
 Theoritical velocity of water flowing through  AC  H  h  tan  2
strip = vtheoritical  2 gh Width of strip  AB  2 AC  2H  h  tan  2
 C d  Area  Theoritical vel
 dQ=Dischargethroughstrip  Area of Strip = 2H  h tan  2  dh
 C d  L  dh  2 gh
 Theoritical velocity of water flowing through strip =
Where Cd = Coefficient of discharge.
H
vtheoritical  2 gh
 Q   dQ   C d  L  2 gh  dh  C d  Area  Theoritical vel
 dQ=Dischargethroughstrip
 C d  2H  h  tan  2   dh  2 gh
0

C  L  2 g  H 
2
 3 2
Where Cd = Coefficient of discharge.
3 d
H

 Q   dQ   C d  2H  h  tan  2 gh  dh
0
2

C d  tan  2 g  H 
8
 5 2
15 2

for   90  ; tan    1 and assuming C  0.6


2 d

 0.6  1  2  9.81  H 5 2
8
Then, Q 
15

Q  1.417H 5 2