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Bruce Edwards
 CHAPTER 15
Vector Analysis

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CHAPTER 15
Vector Analysis
Section 15.1 Vector Fields

1.p All vectors are parallel to -axis.

x-axis i+ yj Tie
13. F(x, y,z) = ES) + zk :
Matches (d) af ye ee
2. All vectors are parallel to y-axis.
Matches (c)

3. Vectors are in rotational pattern.

Matches (a)

4. All vectors point outward.

Matches (b)

5. F(x,
y) =i+ j

[Fl = v2

ie F(x, Mez) = 3yj

[FI = 3|y] =e

9. F(x, yz) =i+j+k

[Fl = V3

DARN

11. F(x, y) = (2% + y’j)

760
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 Section 15.1 Vector Fields 761

23. h(x, y,z) = xy In(x + y)

h,(x, y,z) = y In(x + y) + ae
x+y

h,(x,y, z) = x In(x + y) +
OEY

BAtey, zlce 0

H(x, y, z) = [ + y In(x + ))- ja + x In(x + h

25. F(x, y) = xy*i + x°yj 37. F(x, y) = 15y°i - 5xy?j

M = xy’ and N = x’y have continuous first partial 0 0
al” ]= 45)" # 5159" = —5y"
derivatives.
ON OM . Not conservative
— = 2xy = — =>F conservative
ox oy 2
39. F(x, y) = 25 = a
27. F(x, y) = sin yi + x cos yj

M = sin yand N = x cos y have continuous first

partial derivatives.
ON OM j :
— = cos y = — => F's conservative.

Not conservative

(9) = toi- a = 4-4

1
29. F(x, y) = —(yi = xj) = -i -—-j
1 1
41. F(x, y) = e*(cos yi — sin yj)
M = 1/x and N = -1/y have continuous first partial
ale cos y| = —e* sin y
derivatives for all x, y # 0.

fae sin y| = -e* sin y

=0= -— => Fis conservative.
X
Conservative
1 1 f(x,y) = e* cosy
a1: i, N = —_——
iM |x? Le y? [ 2 bi ye
f,(x, y) = -e* sin y
oe S(x,y) = & cosy +-K
oe (x? + yy" ay
43. F(x, y,Z) = xyzit+ xyzjt+ xzk, (2,1,3)
= Not conservative
i j k
eas F(x, y) = yi + xj
a aa
av! =] = atl => Conservative
curlF = st
O%
a
Oy?
o
FOZ
XYZ XYZ xyz
FAx,¥) =. S(% y) = x => fley) = tk = (xz -— xy)i - (yz - xy)j + (92 - xz)k

35. F(x, y) = 2xyi + xj curl

F(2, 1,3) = (6 - 2)i - (3 - 2)i + 3 - 6k
244i 25 = 9k
S20)
0
—|2xy| = 2x

2h] =e

Conservative

Kole,y) Says Is y) = HSI y) =x7y+K

© 2014 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
762 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

45. F(x, y,z) = e* sin yi - e* cos y j, (0, 0,1)

i j k
curlF = oe es a = (-e* cos y — e* cos y)k = —2e* cos yk
Ox Oy Oz
e*siny -e* cosy 0

curlF (0, 0,1) = -2k Ss

47. F(x, y,z) = acta iis ay jk

y
i j k
Oe ie?
curl F = eS ee ae - Be as
Ox oy Oz Xa TS (x/y) x =.
ay
Xa eel
acta) 5 inl? + y’) 1

49. F(x, y,z) = sin(x — y)i + sin(y — z)j + sin(z — x)k

i j k
0 0 0
curl F = ox—_ ay
—_— a_— (y — z)i+ cos(z— x)j+
= cos(y — z)i + cos(z — x)j + cos(x — cos(x—y) y)k
sin(x — y) sin(y — z) sin(z — x)

51. F(x, Vs z) = xy*z7i + x’?pz?j + x*y?zk 53. F(x, ys z) = sin zi + sin xj + sin yk

i j k cs i ak
curlF = oO a a = 0 curlF = oO oO oO
x oy Oz Ox oy Oz
Wer x ys ky sinz sinx siny
Conservative = cos yi + cos zj + cos xk # 0

Ios ¥.2)= xy 2? Not conservative

76, y> z) = x ye

f(x,y, 2) = xyz
pe ys z) = Basa +K
2

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or inpart.
 Section 15.1 Vector Fields 763

F(x, y,z) = —i- Sj + =k

yi

i j k

one = pet ons See eet has eda =

Ox, Oy ~ 102 y ye y

z = x
yy ay
Conservative

LG y> z) ==
x

Ale %2) = FG
f.(% ¥, 2) =
F(x y, z) = + K
<|k
|e
<

Ss F(x, y) = x°i + 2y7j 69. F(x, y,z) = i+ 3xj + 2yk

G(x, ys z) = xi — yj + zk
div F(x, y) = <(2?) + <2") = 2x + 4y
ieee.
Pet Ga eee)
59. F(x, y, z) = sin xi + cos yj + 27k
Vaz
div F(x, y, z) = “fain x] + <{eosy] + <[7]
(3xz + 2y?)i — (z - 2xy)j + (-y - 3x?)k
= cos x — sin y + 2z
i j k
61. F(x,
y, Zz) = xyzi + xyj + zk curl(F x G) = Pe: es cs
Ox oy Oz
div F(x, y,z) =y+x+1
3xz + 2y? -z+2xy —y - 3x’
div F(2,1,1) =1+2+1=4
(-1 + l)i - (-6x - 3x)j + (2y - 4y)k
= 9xj — 2yk
63. F(x, y, z) = e* sin yi — e* cos yj + 27k
div F(x, y,z) = e* sin y + e* sin y + 2z 71. F(x, ys z) = xyzi + yj + zk
div F(3, 0,0) = 0 i Bee
65. See the definition, page 1040. Examples include velocity Oh! XG)
curlF =|— — —/= »j - xzk
fields, gravitational fields, and magnetic fields. Figen ere
[WZ YZ
67. See the definition on page 1046.
5 k

curl(curl F) = Oe eS zj + yk
ox Oy
xy -Xxz

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764 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

73. F(x, y,z) = i+ 3xj + 2yk 75. F(x, y,z) = xyzi + yj + zk

G(x, y, z) = xi -— yj + zk i jk

curl F = = Ss < — xzk

= xyj
x oy 7
Bex Gees - ey)
“yl y 12
Xe 2
iv(cur ) eG
a (-yod 3x?)k
= (3xz + 2y?)i = (z == 2xy)j

div(F x G) = 37 + 2x

77. (a) Let F = Mi+ Nj + Pk and G = Qi + Rj + Sk where M, N, P, Q, R, andS have continuous partial derivatives

F+G =(M+Q)i+(N + R)j+ (P+ S)k

i j k

curl(F + G) = s so eo
Ox oy OZ
Vie tO)eaeNiet ome cae aS)

: [Ze+9) - 20 + ah-[2¢ + 8)- 2s oi «|20 + n)- Au + oh

6P ON |, (= a ON OM OS, CR}. (s 2); oR GO
= |— —- — fi - | — —-— jp+) — - — {kk +|— - — Fi -| — - = |j +|— -— k
oy ez ox Oz ox Oy Oy OX” Oz ox oy
= curlF
+ curlG

(b) Let f (a; yyz) be a scalar function whose second partial derivatives are continuous.

yp ni ae
Ox oy Oz
ae i ak
Bie Sop Ox Oy O
OS2 LO 2
Oyoz Oz0y
(OS
2
OT)
2
Ox0z
(Please
2
Blwy
2
Oz0x OxOy Oyox

Cl MEE
Ox Oy cz
(c) Let F = Mi+ Nj + Pk and G = Ri+ Sj+ 7k.
div(F + G)= 2(M +R) + 5(N +5)+2(P+1) gO Re
— + — + ee
— + —
x z ox xy Os
OM ON OP OR OS oF
=| —— + — + —]+]— + — + —
Ox Oy az Ox Oy ez
= divF + divG

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or inpart.
 Section 15.1 Vector Fields 765

(d) Let F = M+ Nj+ Pkand G = Ri + Sj+ Tk.

fk ir.
FxG=|M N P= (NT - PS)i - (MT - PR)j + (MS - NR)k
Rpt ef

div(F x G) = 2(wr - ps) + 2(pR — mr) + 2 (us— nr)

Ox oy Oz
oT ,_ _,ON
= NeOx PaOx Pee ge, ee een ee PeOz eee Oz

[5-2 - Shh) 2) 4e- 8)

Ox ox Oy Oy Oy Oy Oz oz

= (curl F) - G — F - (curlG)
(ec) F = M+ Nj+ Pk
V x[Vf +(V x F)| ll curl(Vf + (V x F))
curl(Vf) + curl(V x F) (Part (a))
eurl(V x F) (Part (b))
V x (V x F)
(f) Let F = Mi+ Nj+ Pk
prety. Tk
Be 6

JM {N fP
(Lp,
- (Zo + 5
2 Fy pM(Lp,
Bee se)
Ph_ Fy M) (Ly, QM_ Ay_aM
(Fe+ FZ ae pH) (Ln + 52 ae jh,
(ak
_- (2
|for an),
(ae_am),(2
am) &
(an om) lar # a]_ay,
i) | Bee AY SEG
;
MON
(g) Let F = Mi + Nj + Pk, then fF = fMi+ fNj+ f Pk.
0 OM 0
. 0
M) + a)
div(fF) = —{f
0
Ey yaa MZ fON Ni pea
oy oy oz Oz

=f BB) (Lars Lue Lp) - pave + v7 -F

Ox Oy oz Ox oy Oz

(h) Let F = Mi+ Nj + Pk.

CP OM: \: ON OM
th,
curlF = [s- m) = (= = a) a ( 2
Oy CXxmun OZ ox oy

: we aap oN] o[oP

es SS) SS
eM],
| ee
a[eN om
gaat ae =| ae dz ae m
PPO’ OR *NUM | ONT VOM
—_—— + — 0 (because the mixed partials are equal)
Qxdy Oxdz Oy0x Oydz Oz0x Ozdy
79, True. 81. False. Curl is defined on vector fields, not scalar fields.
[F(x - y)| = ./16x? + y4 > 0as(x,y) > (0, 0).

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
ON MM : ;
= ae and F is conservative.
ax Gy
n15.2 Line Integrals

ti + tj, Ora 7. r(t)

= 4ti+ 34, 0 7% <1
Gea 2a oh sire
<2 r'(t)
=41+ 3]
1
fi, 027s [xv4s = J.(41)(3¢)V4?
+3 at
_ 31+ @-3), 3 <4 516 e [6012ae= [200] ap
(9 fi+33, 6<1<9 0 0
(12 - t)j, 9st sia

aye = 9
2 2
Sipe 5
9 9
it gine= 4
2
cos?
t= —
9
2
sin?
¢=
9
% =3 cost
y = 3sint
r(¢) = 3cos fi + 3sin fj
OSSs Be
 Section 15.2 Line Integrals 767

9. r(t) = sinfi + costj+ 2k, O<1< 5

r'(t) = cos ti — sin fj
Dire : 2 5
[.(? + yi + 2”)ds fe(sin? + cos*t + 4) cos?t + sin*t dt = le aot aes
0 0 yD

11. (a) r(t)=fi+4, O<ts< ho

(b) v(t) =i+ jr’) = V2

i.(x?Be y’)ds es I,(?at ?)/2 aie avis] fe2/2

13. (a) r(t) = costi+ sing, O<1< :

(b) f (e + y?)ds = ie [cos? f + sin? t| (-sin t) + (cost) dt = (rat = >

15. (a) r(f)=

4, O<t <1

(b) v(t) = ifr'(d|]=1

J.(» x
+ 4Vy)as go =5|
= irae = 5

ti, Oesat el
17. (a). r(t)= 4(2 — thi + (¢ - 1, 1st <2
(3 - t)j, Dist 5.3

(b) [,(=*4 y)ds = Ride 51

193 ;
dt = 3)24~ f * s(t- 1] i
= t) + 4N/ f= ivi
ie(x - 4,/y) ds = [[(2

[ernie Lwamian[-s0-a"] »
3

1 19/2 8 19+19/2 1%1+~V2

J.(e + 4V 9)a5 = 5 + gees
19. (a) C,:(0, 0,0) to(1, 0,0):r(t) = 4,0 st <1 r() =i, r‘(t)|
=1
1

J, (22 + 9” - 2)4s = [ta = 2] =1

Cy :(1, 0, 0) to (1, 0,1):r(t) =i + k,0 <1 <Lr(t) = k]r()]=1

[, 2x + 9 - 2)4= 1 2] 3
fie-par=|ar-£) 5

Cy: (1,0,1) to (1,1, 1):r(t) = i+ +k, 00s br(d) = dfrOl=!

37!
-+
J,(22 +? - 2)a = fe+e-a=|r+ 5]

(b Combining, [,(2x + y? - z)ds = 1+ :«

NWw
~—
wile

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768 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

29. F(x, y) = 3xi

+ 4yj
21. p(x, ve z) = 5 24 yr + za)
C:r(t) = costi+ sing, OS
t< 2/2
r( t) = 2cosfi+ 2sin¢j + tk,0 <t< 42 F(t) = 3cos fi + 4sin fj

r'(¢) = —2 sin ti + 2 cos#j +k r(t) = -sin ti + cos fj

|r'()| = ./4sin?t + 4cos?t +1 = \/5
L F -dr = ee (-3 cost sint + 4sin tcos,t) dt
Mass = ih p(x, y, z) ds
r = =i
2 |, ;
= Jr”(4cos?1+ 4 sin? r+ P)V5 at
F = soy a k
31.
3 4n i, > z) Xyl + xzZJ + yz
= ala? (4ot ’)Ch 4ae S

C(t) a+ C1 + 2k, Ost S41

3 ; a
a
795.7 F(t) = Pi + 2°] + 20°k
= Foe " = |; SE (an!+3) = r(f) = i+ 244 2k
23. r(t) = costit+ sintj, O<st<az 4]!
0 [Fa = fife + 4°+ 4e)ar= [7] ae
r'(t) = -sin fi + cos dj, |r'(0)|| =] c 0 4 d 4

Mass = [:P(x,y) ds = J. (Gey + 2)ds 33. F(x, y,z) = x’zi + 6yj + yz°k
Biss Oe
a
= [° (cost + sin ¢ + 2)dt r(t) = f+ ¢j+inmk 1st s3
F(t) = 0? In fi + 65+ 77 In’ tk
= [sint — cos + 2 ¢]°
A 0 A
= (1 + 2z) — (-I)\= 2+ 22 ar = [i+ 24 + 2)ar
25. r(/) = i+ 2+ tk, Lt <3 [Fo
G
ae = ['[P
1
ine + 12° + ine) ]at ~ 249.49
r'(t) = 24+ 2§+k, [r= V4? +5
35s F(x,y) = xi + 2yj
Mass = igPAXs YZ) dS = [.% ds
Crr(t)
= i+ Pj, 0's
t <2
= Heklar +5 dt r() =i + 3j
K(40? a ae ; F(t) = fti+ 2nj

nics a 2
1 Work= [Fede = (+ 6°) ar =|E4 = 66
k c 0 2 :
= alta a 27|

27. F(x, y) = xi + yj
Cr)
= a+ if O<1t<1
F(t)
= + fj
r(t)=i+j
[Fea = [+a =[P] =1 1

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 Section 15.2 Line Integrals 769

37. F(x,y) = xit+ yj

45. F(x,y) = xi+ oj
ti Ossi
(a) n(f) = 24+(¢t-1)j, 1I<tsA w
C:r(t)= \(2-t)i+ (¢-Djy 1st <2
n(¢) = 21+ j
(3 - tj 2a
F(t) = 407i + 22(t - 1)j
On C,, F(t) = ti, r'(t) = i
fF oa = J (8 + 2 -1)) ar = 2
Work = fF dr = [itd = —
Both paths join (2, 0) and (6, 2). The integrals are
On C,, F(t) = (2- fi + (¢- Dir) = i+ j negatives of each other because the orientations are
different.
Work = fF + dr = f°[(¢-2)+(r-1)]at (b) r(t) = 23 - i+ (2-2),
Ost <2

-[° -3f = 43 - ti + 23-12 -dj

On C;, F(t) = 3 -s)j.r'(.) = -j Fat = [}[-88 - 9 - 26-02-29] a
Work = J.,F 4 = [«-
47. F(x,y) = yi — xj
-($-9)-@-9-4 C:r(t)= i - 24
r'(t) =i-2j
Total work Se Re — (1)
2 yD F(t)= -2t - tj
F-r’ = -2¢
+ 2t =0
39. F(x, y ,Z) = xi+ yj — 5zk
C: r(t) = 2costi+ 2sin#j+ tk, O<t < 2x So, [.F 7b =s0:

r'(t) = -2 sin fi + 2 cos tj +k

F(t) = 2 cosfi + 2sin ¢j — Stk
F-r’ = —St C:r(t) = + 0j
Work = [F- dr = fe = 5/ dS 107? r(t) =i+ 24

41. Because the vector field determined by F points in the

F(t) = (6 - 27)i+ := I
general direction of the path C, F - T > 0 and work will
be positive. F-reee (ihe 2F)
2
+ afSa*) 0
43. Because the vector field determined by F is
perpendicular to the path, work will be 0. So, \.F 0 (aie ei (0),

a w= 21, y = 104, 10 s¢ <1 > y.=5x0rx= 10

J.le+ ar) = [(Z +3")f4 ateh:

whole or in part.
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7710 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

|
$3. x= 2, y= 10, O<¢sl>x=<, 0< y<10, k= od

10 —+yjldy
(2 y yl’ —=—or
[.weryo=
dx+ ydy = ((E+r]o =|oe 190
=|—+—]

ESO EOeee Se

[2 & + yay eS f,(sx + 25x)dx -|

° 3 2 3

55, r(i) = ti, O:< 1 <5 :

=1, yf) = 0
x(t) 1
=dt, dy=
dx |

[Mex Sa ye
+Op)dale 5 ged =25° [ee
fee
4
t

= ti, Ona 3
he 3i+(¢-3)j, 3<14<6

C: x(t) = 1, y(0) = 0,
Ok: = Of, Gy = V

[.,2x — v) de+ (x + 3y)ay = | 2¢de = 9

3

Greix(t) = 3, 0) = 1 = 3

45
J, 2x - v) ax+ (x + 3y) ey= ;[3 +3 —3)| a |31? -6]° _ 45
A56
=
3
= 94S
[2x - y) de+ (x + 3y) dy

SO At)
= 4,90) la ty 0 es Las = cit, dy = 2 df

[_(2x - y)de + (x + 3y) dy = f.[(20- 14 2) + (0+3 - 37°)(-20)] at

s f(s ~~ 4a = [Lae
34 8 oe Seesoid

61, Sb ie 2PS ORT < 2

dx = dt, dy = 4t dt
J.(2x - vy)de + (x + 3y) by = ik(2¢ — 217) dt + (1+ 617)4r dt = lL(247° + 20 + 21) de = [ort + 2° + ry, = il

© 2014 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 Section 15.2 Line Integrals 771

63, f(x,y) =h 65. f(x, y) = xy

C: line from (0, 0) to (3, 4) C:x? + y? = 1 from (I, 0) to (0, 1)
r3ti+ 44, O<t <1 r(t) = cosfi+ sing, O<1t<
r'(t)
= 31+ 4j NIA
r'(t) = -sin ti + cos fj
|r(t)|
( )|= 5 |r| at
Lateral surface area:
Lateral surface area:

[fle x) ds = [Skat = 5h a/2 : sin? ¢

; n/[2

i f(x, y) ds = (e cos ¢ sin t dt = ae) =1

67. f(x,y) =h
C:y = 1- x?from(I, 0) to (0,
1)

r(t)= (1-Hi+ [1-0-0],

ost <1
r(t) = 1+ 2(1- dj
|r) = Ji + 40-4)
Lateral surface area:

[f(s ») 4 = NE + 4(1 - 1) dt = Fh ayia - 1) + in|21 =f): -Feal Alas it)

l
E a[2V3 + In(2 +V5)| = 1.4789h

69. f(x,y) = xy
C:y =1- x’from (1, 0)to (0, 1)
You could parameterize the curve C as in Exercises 67 and 68. Alternatively, let x = cos ¢, then:

y = 1 = cos’ ¢ = sin’ ¢

r(t) = cosfi+ sin’? 4, O<1t<

NI]
r'(t) = -sin fi + 2 sin ¢ cos fj
|r'(«)]| = ,/sin? t + 4sin? t cos? ¢ = sin t,/1 + 4 cos? ¢
Lateral surface area:

Nk sin’ f (1+ 4cos t) sin ¢ cos t| dt

= n/2 2 ; Ji + 4cos?t . a/2_, 2 2 Wes
b f(x, y) ds = it cos ¢ sin i(sin « 1+ 4cos i)d=

< gaee.
t) sin t cos ft,then du = 2 sint cost dt and v = all + 4cos
1 2 t),\3? ;
Let u = sin’ tand dv = (1+ 4cos

n/2
es 3/2 1 2/2 seit
fee y) asi= 3sin? (1 + 4cos? t) | staa (1+ 4cos? t) sini cost dt

n[2

=|-|-58insin? (1 + 4cos t) a
i een ae cos 2)” | -(-3-s)+
) ik an a) 6)” - ‘a (25/5WG — 11) ) 0.3742

website, in whole or in part.

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772 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

Tl @) f(xy) =1+¥
r(t) = 2cosfi + 2sindg, O<t < 2x
r'(t) = -2 sinti + 2 costj
|r'()| =

S= [Alu y)@ = [> (1+ 4sin? (2)ar= [20 + 4{¢ - sin

¢cos ¢)[." = 12m = 37.70cm?

(b) 0.2(12z) = = = 7.54om°

©)

73. r(t) = acostit+asing, O<t

< 2x
v(t) = -asin i + acos 4, |r'(Q)| = @
1, = [Pele y)ds = f° (e sin? Yaat
= a |" sin? t dt = ae
1, = [Pols »)as = [" (e cas? {thaat
2a
Ni a’ | cos? t dt = aa

75. (a) Graph of: r(t) = 3cosfi+ 3sin 4 + (1 + sin?2r)k, O<t< 2a

Fory = dconstant, 3sin¢ = 6 => sint = Sand

1+ sin? 2¢ = 1+ (2sinz cost)

= 1+ 4sin?
t cos? ¢
:
= 144sin?lsat) = 1 So9(1—
af 8
x

(b) Consider the portion ofthe surface

in the first quadrant. The curve z = 1 + sin? 2¢ is overthe curve
1(*) = 3cos fi + 3sin tj,0 < t < m/2.So, thetotallateral surfaceareais

4[_ F(x») as = af"(0+ sin? 2r)Bat = 1o{=) = 9a cm?.

(c) The cross sections parallel tothe xz-plane are rectangles of height 1 + 4(y/3) (I - y?/9) andbase 2/9 — y?. So,

f 2 2 }
Volume = af 2/9 — Fitof
+ = =| = “S = 42.412 cm’.

©2014CengageLearning. AllRightsReserved. Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated, orpostedtoa publictyaccessible website,inwholeor

inpart.
 Section 15.3 Conservative Vector Fields and Independence of Path 773

81. The greater the height of the surface over the curve, the
TT. r(t)= 3sinfi + 3.0084 + —° k, O<t<2z
a greater the lateral surface area. So, z; < z < 2 < %.
F = 175k y

ales ttshe haps)

210
2 1750 175
[Foo = f — dt = 1750)" = 1750 ft - Ib
c ® tx Qi = \5

79. See the definition of Line Integral, page 1052. See

Theorem 15.4.
83. False

[29 4s == /2 fie2 dt
1

85. False, the orientations are different.

87. F(x,y) = (y _ x)i + xyj

r(t) = kt(1- i+, O<tsi
r(t)= k(1 - 2r)i + j

Work = 1 = [Fo ae
[A( - 20)i + jae
= f,[(e- ma - t))i + k2(1 — aj}

= fille met — a(t = 21) + Ke - 0)

=f (20? — ke — ka? + 3K — Ht + Mt) dt = =
k = -12

Section 15.3 Conservative Vector Fields and Independence of Path

1. F(x, y) = i+ 9j

(a) n() =H+7j, Ost

rn(t) =i + 2¢
F(t) = fi + Pj
mies
[.F- dr = f(t
(? + 214)
-—p
(b) r,(8) = sin Oi + sin? 6j, 0 < 0 <5
r,(9) = cos Gi + 2 sin 0 cos 6j
F(t) = sin? 6i + sin’ 6j

sin? @ | 2sin’ Tyi

[Far a 7"(sin? 6 cos6 + 2 sin* 0 cos 8) dO i 3 5 9 15

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774 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

3% B(x») = pt - 3 9. F(x, y, z) = y?zi + 2xy2j + 27k

) 6 6 curlF = 0 = Fis conservative.
(a) n(@) = sec
Gi+ tan Oj, OS OS
; :
|ws
11. F(x,y) = 209i + x°j
r (@) = sec @tan Gi + sec* Oj ( »)
F(@) = tan Gi — sec Oj = a+e?j, O<tsl
(a) nt)
n(¢) = i+ 24 ;
\F -@t = [P°(wee@ tan? @ — sec’ 6) dO
F(t) = 2+ Pj
= te[sec @{sec? @ — 1) — sec 8]d@
[.F -ar = [48 at at
S 0
=- sec 6 dé
r (b) w(t) = f+ Pj, O<tsl
= [—In| sec @ + tan al],
mr
(t) = i+ 30j
x —In(2 + V3) = -1.317
F(t) = 241 + Pj
() n(*) = Vr i+ Vij, 0 <
[.F
+dr = [,5e¢at =i
r, () = ro + ai ees

F(t) = Vai-Je j 13. F(x, y) = yi - xj

(a) u(t) =at+g, Ost

[P-a=f Vi etGeh\s ; othe
: “Safer | fee =i+7 -
AG
Ls os F(t) = i - aj
240 TtSr [.F-ar = 0
1 3
So tt Pe.
ah r++ (1/4) — (v4). ° (b) H(t) = a+}, Ost <l
se [. 1 at mr
(t) = i+ 20
[t+ (V/2)} - (1/4) F(t) = Pi - fj
: a= [hee
i (+3) +Veel] JF = I a 3
2
5m m3 Q
(c) w(t)
= a+ Pj, O<tsl
lf, (7 ey
1G +2) H(3) w= 1+ 37)
—>mn(7 + 43) = -1317 FQ) = Fi- gj
[LF
G
- dr = [,-20
0
dt = -1
S. F(x, y) = e* sin yi + e* cos yj
én
— =e cosy
eM,
= e* cos y
15. |Iy? dk + 2x dp
& cy
Because
GN OM ._. : 2 es
Because aoa F is conservative. 6M/édy = ON/e& = 2y, F(x, y) = yi + 2yjis
conservative. The potential function is
F(x.) = xy? + k. So, you can use the Fundamental
7. F(x, y) = * :
Ft») 5 y Theorem of Line Integrals.
GN
ee 1 6M l (4.4)
= (a) y? dx + 2xy dy= =
& y ey y u we [x*y
yleo0)

a a (1,0)
Because ae # = F is not conservative. (b) I. y? dx + 2xy dy = [x?y
vy re

(c) and (d) Because C is a closed curve,

J.” dx + 2xy dy = 0.

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 Section 15.3 Conservative Vector Fields and Independence of Path 775

17. [2x9 ae + (x?zz + y?)

dy
Because 0M/@y = ON/Ox = 2x, F(x, y) = 2xyi + (x? + y)i is conservative.

The potential function is f(x, y) = x*y + on &.

(a) [_.2xyax + (x? + y’)dy =

|Z
w

(0,
(b) | 2xyde + (x? +) =| +2] 2%
3

19. F(x, y, z) = yzi + xzj + xyk

Because curlF = 0, F(x, y, z) is conservative. The potential function is f(x, y,z) = 9 + k.
(a) n(t)=a+2j+hk, O<r<4

JF i [xyz]?
2,0) =a SD
(0,

(b) w(t) =7i+g+rk, O<1t<2

[F- ,=[ozkeco
(0,0,0) = 22

21. F(x, y,z)= (2y + x)i + (x? - z)j + (2y— 4z)k

F(x, y, z)is not conservative.
(a) u(t) =f+7j+k, O<stsi
nr
(t) =i + 2¢
F(t) = (27 + ti + (? -1)j + (2? - 4)k
[Fa = [,(28 + 2° ~1t)dt = :
(b) r,(t)=
a+ 4+(2t-1)k, O<1t<1
ry(t) = i+ j + 4(2¢ - 1)k
F(t) = 3 + [# ~ (2¢ -1)']j + [20- 4(2r - 1)"Jk
[oF ode = [i[3e + 2 - (24-1)? + 84(2r - 1) - 16(2" - 1)’|at
Sie ae 17
= [ii7e? - "50 - (2¢ = 1)° — 16(2r - 1)|ae = |Ge3 - =e
2
a

23. F(x, y,z) = e7(yi + xj + xyk)

F(x, y, z) is conservative. The potential function is f (x, y, z) = aye” + k.

(a) w(t) = 4cosfit+ 4sinfj+ 3k, O<t<z

4,0,3)
|For = Ly ni2 ae

(b) r,(t) = (4 - 8/)i + 3k, OS <1

[oF de = [et [A" - (4,0,3)

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776 Chapter 15. Vector Analysis

25. ie(3yi: + 3xj)

‘
- dr = [Bm] 30.8) =_ 72

27. }c cos x sin y dy + sin x cos y dy = [sin x sin ye(0,-2)

ea Pare

ae : e (27,
0)
29. } e* sin y dx + e* cos y dy = G sin y| =a)
c (0,0)

31. i;(z + 2y) dx + (2x —z) dy +(x-y)&

F(x, y, z) is conservative and the potential function is f (x, ¥.Z)0= 2 + 2x = 2

(a) [xz + 2xy - Ves == 2 \()) = 12

yeoay = 042 =2
() [x + 2xy — yz]noig, + be + 2 -
+ [xz + 2xy - yt ? (1.1.1) a
(c) [xz + 2xy - te (1,0,0) + [xz + 2xy - YeNy 0) =0+2+ (2 = 2) ae

(2/2,3.4)
33. J.-sin xax+zdy+ypdz= [cos x + yz\0.0.0) =a ele el

SS: F(x, y) = 9x7 yi + (6x°y - 1)jis conservative.

Work = [3x5y?
=
- ~yo?
(0,
0)
= 30,366
‘

Sf. r(¢) = 2 cos 2zti + 2 sin 2ztj

r'(t) = —4z sin 2ati + 47 cos 2ztj
\
a(t) = -82° cos 2xti — 82° sin 2ztj
5
1
F(t) ma(t) = 32° (1) = ~~(cos 2ati + sin 2z))
W = [.F ‘ar = J 7Leos 2zti + sin 2ztj) - 4z(-sin 2zti + cos 2ztj) dt = —7x° J. dt =0

39. F = -175j
(a) r(t) = i+ (50-s)j, O<
4 < 50
dr = (i — j) dt
50
[Fo ar = I, 175 dt = 8750
ft-lbs
(b) r(t) = i+ L(50-1)j, O< 4 < 50
dr = i — 4(50
-1)j

50 i
[Far = J, (175)(50 - #)at = 0 = 5 = 8750ft - Ibs

41. See Theorem 15.5.

43. (a) For the circle r(t) = acos ti — asin tj,0 < t < 27, youhave x* 2 + y* = a’, and

\.F ar = "(F = fj= al

Z
- (-a sin ti — a cos tj) dia [,"(sin? t + cos” t) dt = 2x.

(b) For this curve, the answer is the same, 27.

(c) For the opposite overtation, the answer is —27.
(d) For the curve away from the origin, the answer is 0.

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 Section 15.3 Conservative Vector Fields and Independence of Path TT77

45. Conservative. i F - dr is independent of path.

47. False, it would be true if F were conservative.

49. True

51. Let

F=-mM4en=-2%1-%,
oy Ox
aM 2 2 2 2
Then —— = ae = oe and Oe 2-2) = ous Becauseas + aan = 0 you have oN =
oy Oy\ Oy Oy ox Ox\ Ox Ox? Ox? Oy?

So, F is conservative. Therefore, by Theorem 15.7, you have if (zdx - of “)= fi(M dx + N dy) =[.F “dr =0
Ox

for every closed curve in the plane.

a3. F(x, y) == y
x rl ee

@ M-so
om _(# + \I)-»2)_ xe -y
dy (x?is yy (x? « yy

x
ae meet" y

an (x +y\-l+x(2x) 2 -y?
Ox (x? S, yy (x? a y’)

So, on = an
Ox oy

(b) r(t) = costit+ sing, O<t<az

F = sinfi — cos¢j
dr = (-sin ti + cos fj) dt

\F _dr = fe(-sin? t — cos” t) dt = [-]; =-7

(c) r(t) = cosfi-sing, O<t<z

F = -sin fi — cos ¢j
dr = (-sin ti — cos tj) dt

[F _dr = J;(sin? t + cos” t) dt = [ =

(d) r(t) = costi+ sin#j, 0<¢ < 27

F = sinfi — cos¢j
dr = (-sin ti + cos fj)dt
ak 2n 9 r 2 ee fae 2a 7 ee
[.F ar = \, (-sin t — cos t)dt =[-‘], = -2x

This does not contradict Theorem 15.7 because F is not continuous at (0, 0) in R enclosed by curve C.

1 ‘ -x/y_, : ost
(e) v[
arctan”) = em isae = +i ee 73 == It
y 1 + (x/y) 1 + (x/y) x+y x+y

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718 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

Section 15.4 Green’s Theorem

: aa
i+ tj ORs t Sal
(2-i+(2-aj, 1<1 <2

[.o2de + Pdy = ['[A(a) + P(2rar)] + f'[(2 - Cat) + 2 - 1)

(-at)|
= fF(“4 + 21°)at “ ( 2(2 - t)(dt) = E + “|+

By Green’s Theorem,

y = [,[-
J, (2-4) dd =f. [, (2x - 2y)dde »°]
2xy
1
= fie?<2 + atjar= [2-2 sia

ti O<t<l
iLe(f—ljpists2
(3-‘i+j 2<1<3
(4 - 1)j 3<t<4

ig [a + [,-at =4at=0, XS ;
By Green’s Theorem,

j,(2-4 )u-= ftfie — 29)ae

o & = [ee tae = [2? - x] = 0
-»°]
= [fe
BaoCox
+ y =4
Ket
x = 2icostandy = 2sinf,0)<
ft< 27.

[_.26” de + e* dy = le [2 cos te8"(-2 sin t) + e7°°*/(2 cos r)]dt ~ 19.99

1, (2-4) a6) Neale -22")anae = fava eae ie Oh = 19.99

In Exercises 7—9, aS - vad =]

Ox. oy

Te J. — x)dx + (2x — y)dy = lefo. a

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 Section 15.4 Green’s Theorem 779

9. From the accompanying figure, we see that R is the shaded region. So, Green’s Theorem yields

[_(» - x) de + (2x - ») dy = J fda = Area of R = 6(10) - 2(2) = 56.

1.027, D

(1, 5 4.ae

11. [.2xy ade+ (

(x+ y)dy= [2-2 a

= (2 ie:(1 = 2x) dy dx = Lb = 2x" a= f{( _ x) - 2x(1 - x)]ax

3 4]!
VE spies 3
= [ft=] - 20020 ]ae= [eB 3
2 is
6 oo

13. [.(2? - 9°)de + 2xy ab = L(2-S)u Sf ee ae ls Pee 0

15. Because a = —2e* sin 2y = = you have

x

J,(2-H)
a=o
iif. By Green’s Theorem,

[cos y de + (xy- xsiny)dy = f,flr -siny + sinya

x

) =f yaar = 1] es
2 2 3]
eo a eee elt ee alerts
Ole 2: 4 GO|" 4. A6r% 2

19. By Green’s Theorem,

tC(x - 3y) dx + (x + y)dy = ‘ {a + 3)dA = 4[Area Large Circle — Area Small Circle] = 4[9z - z] = 32x

21. F(x, y) = xyi + (x + y)j

Cx ey St

Work = ere =f f-x)a4 = | [0 -ros

0)rarao
ie 2 2 2n

= [ Lee el pa = [ 141— cos6) dO = [9-isin] =

eae 8 0 2 2 8am 9)

23. F(x, y) = (x9? - 3y)i + (6x + SJ)

C: boundary of the triangle with vertices (0, 0), (5, 0), (0, 5)

Work = f(x9? - 3y)

de + (6x + 5./y) dy = J [9 da = 9(3)(5)(5) = 3

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780 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

25. C: let x = acost, y = asint,0 < t < 22. By Theorem 15.9, you have
2a
x l ee a= <: = 7a’.
A= she #(a cos t) — a sin ¢(—a sin t)|dt =
-ya&= sh. [a cos

27. Gav
= aN, “dyiedk
(Cos)
S Spe SS, Chy Sas
So, by Theorem 15.9 you have
Aj'(x(22) - (2 + i)eel ;f,(x(5) — (5x
A — 3)) dx
lx
=|— =
opie alee
—|3x|,
icek = —|1
1 1
So)
9
= =,

29. See Theorem 15.8, page 1075.

31. For the moment about the x-axis, M, = f,i}

y dA.Let N = Oand M = -y’ i2. By Green’s Theorem,

M, et= (s[gee> de=Se

Z
ley (a?dx and yae=
M Fa eyPees ae
RT OO, Jey
For the moment about the y-axis, M, = (fe dA.Let N = x?/2 and M = 0. By Green’s Theorem,

x 1 M 1 2
Ma = Way
= =x? dvandx
= —= = =) x ay:
7, oe le x See =

2 oak 32
33. A= [(4-#)a& = [ead ==

pe On ici D Toudc ay
a
For C,, dy = —2x dxandfor C, dy = 0.So, ¥ = ae |, (-2x os) 2 | tee ie e
a : oe eB) a 2)
To calculate y, note that y = Oalong C). So,

ot -1 2 3 si
(16 - 8x? + x4)dr= Shox - 2S ae
2(32/3) °2 (4-2) a ==]
y=——|

a=(64
64 4-2 64 Soe Slee 65

1 2 4 1 1 1
35. Because A = {,
(x s x°)de = = = = = pp you have == = 2.On C, youhavey = x°,
dy = 3x? dxandon C, you
0
have y = x, dy = dx. So,

¥ = 2[ x? dy = 2), 2°(3x?dx) + 2], x? a = 6 foxtde + 2° x? ak -2-5 -= y

F = -2fy de = -2f) x6 de- 29x? ae = 2 =

@3) =(2.5)

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 Section 15.4 Green’s Theorem 781

1 p2z 2 a” (2x 1 2 ae
i. Ae ali a’(1— cos 0) d@ = =;
Z
[1208044 ate 2)ae Ege Be one an 20 = = A(37) mea c
2 2 242 4 Fi 2 2

. : le 4n
39. In this case the inner loop has domain = < 0 < —.So,
3

eal. (1 + 4 cos @ + 4cos? @)do = 51 Joni

1 ¢42/3 42/3
(3 + 4 0088 + 2 cos26) dO = $[38 + 4 sin 6 + sin26)!"
1
= _

41. (a) E y? de + (27x — °)ay i} f,(27 - 3) - 3y7| da

27 el 2n
\, |,(27 - 37?)r dr ao = fF ao - Ix51ee 51
|
W7r 3r4]

(b) You want to find c such that fF(27 - 3r?)r dr d@ is a maximum:

2
* 7c 2 on
es
f(s) = 276 - 3c? => ¢ = 3
2437
Maximum Value: (i {,(27 = 37?) dr dO =

43. afle"? - y)de + (er? + x)dy = es

ox
- oe)
Oy
dA
= {J - (-0) a4

= 2(area ofR)
= 2(zr? = zab)

= 2(2(s?) - 2(2)(1))
= 46z

ee
. |c oY
x 4

(a) Let
F= —~—i - ——"j.
YOR ky?
: ; ON OM x=
F is conservative because — = —- = ————..
Ox oy ( + y’)

F is defined and has continuous first partials everywhere except at the origin. If C is a circle (a closed path) that does not
contain the origin, then
ON OM
[Far = [Made + N dy = j,(SX- Mla =o

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782. Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

(b) Let r = acos fi — asin ¢j,0 < t < 2mbeacircle C, oriented clockwise inside C (see figure). Introduce line segments
C, and C; as illustrated in Example 6 of this section in the text. For the region inside C and outside C,, Green’s Theorem
applies. Note that since C, and C; have opposite orientations, the line integrals over them cancel. So,
C, =C, + C, + C + Cand

[Fa = |,F a+ [Fa =0.

But,

i,or rs —a sint)(
jogs) i ee
a cos?t+a?sin?t a? cos*t +a’ sin’ t
== 4
ae) t + cos 2 t)ate S [|Qn =4 77,
f (sin

Finally, \.F dr = =|. F- dr =-22

1

Note: If C were oriented clockwise, then the answer would have been 27.

47. (a) Let C be the line segment joining (x, y,) and (x, y2).

IBAA
y= x-%)+y
aA
y= BoE

Xx. — x

[.-yarerays [°[-BMex) + p{B=A)]ae= (2[s(22]- Je

‘Leah
x2
= (24) rs: nfs = x) a x(¥2 = n)- yi(xp = x) = M2 — 2
i xX. — %

(b) Let C be the boundary of the region A = sl» dx + x dy = shhiC - (-1)) dA = fefaa.

So,
1
[efaa = shan +xdy+ J. & + xdy+-.-+ [9 ® + xd

where C, is the line segment joining (x,, y;) and (x, y2), C; is the line segment joining (x, y.) and (x3, y3),-++, and
C,, is the line segment joining (x,, y,) and (x, y:). So,

[,faa= slaw = 4391)+ (Vy — 192) +> + (nV — nna) © Sa — UYn)|

49. Because [F-Nds = [.[div

FdA, then
|.Png as = | fg Nas = i [div(¢Vg) aa = |. J(/div(Vg)
+Vf Vg) a4 = J,J(¢V°s + VF Vg) a4

51. F = M+Nj
ON _ 0M
—
ON OM_
Ox oy Ox by.

[Fea = [macaw =, (S- 2 a = [JO )dA = 0

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 Section 15.5 Parametric Surfaces 783

Section 15.5 Parametric Surfaces

1. r(u,v) = ui + vj + wk 3. r(u,v) = ui + H(u + v)j + vk

tae 2y = x + z, plane
Matches (e)
Matches (b)
2. r(u,v) = u cos vi + usin vj + uk
a : 3 4. r(u,v) = ui + V7 + vk
x* + y? = z’, cone
Matches (f) = z°, cylinder
4y ates) :

Matches (a)

5. r(u,v) = 2cos
vcos ui + 2 cos
vsin uj + 2 sin vk

x? + y? + 2? = 4 cos’ vos? u + 4 cos? vsin? wu+ 4 sin? v = 4cos?

y+4sin? v = 4, sphere
Matches (d)

6. r(u,v) = 4cosui + 4 sin uj + vk 11. r(u,v) = 2u cos vi + 2u sin vj + u*k, é

x? + y* = 4, circular cylinder Osu=l.O0svs 2z
Matches (c) (x?is yy
z= +s
' 16
Ts r(u,v) =uit+vjt+ on

y—2z=0
Plane 13. r(u, v) = 2 sinh wu cos vi + sinh uw sin vj + cosh uk,
OSS 20S vee

ese
1 4 1

9. r(u, v) = 2 cosui + vj + 2 sin uk 15. r(u,v) = (u — sin u) cos vi + (1 — cos w) sin vj + uk,
xe+27 =4 OSH She US YS XG
Cylinder

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784 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

For Exercises 17-19, r(u,v) = ucosvi + usin yj + wk,0<us2,0<s v< 22.

Eliminating the parameter yields z = x? + y*,0<z< 4.

17. s(u,v) = ucosvit+ usinvj-u’k, O<u< 2, O< vs 22

Z= (x? + y’)
The paraboloid is reflected (inverted) through the xy-plane.

19, s(u,v) =ucosvit+usinvy+ uk, 0<u <3, 0O<v<2z

The height of the paraboloid is increased from 4 to 9.

Zila y 35. r(u,v) oe (u + v)i ate (u aapv)j oevk, (1, = 1)

r(u, v = ui + vj + vk r,(u,v) =i+j)n(u,v) =i-jt+k

At (1, -1,1),« = Oandy = 1.
233 = V4x? + 92?
r,(0,1) = i+ 44,(0,1)=i-j+k
r(x, y) = xi + V4x? + 92°j + zk a

oe | =|1 1 0|/=i-j-2k
N =1,(0,1)x1r,(0,1)
r(u, v) = 4u cos vi + uj + 4wsinvk, . f=) 3

Utz ae eS
y S27 Tangent plane: (x — 1) - (y + 1) - 2(z - 1) = 0
x-y-—2z=0
B.x8 ey s25
hee '
r(u,v) = 5cosui + 5 sin uj + vk (ibe ontgual pine’)
37. r(u,v) = 2u cos vi + 3usin vj + u’k, (0,6, 4)
Dice A er
r,(u,v) = 2 cos vi + 3sin vj + 2uk
r(u, v) = ui + vj + uk
r,(u,v) = —2u sin vi + 3u cos vj
29. z = 4inside x? + y? = 9. At(0, 6, 4), u = 2andv = 2/2.
r(u,v) = vcosui + vsinuj + 4k, O< vy < 3 (2.3) = 3j + 4k, (2.2) = —4i

Ree i j k
31. Function: y = —, 0< x <6 Rt ne
2 N= “(2.5] x (2.2) =| 0 3 4/= -16j + 12k
Axis of revolution: x-axis AAO)

a cos Vee # sin v Direction numbers: 0, 4, —3

2
027 £60 <p en Tangent plane: 4(y — 6) - 3(z - 4) = 0
4y —-3z =12
33. Function: x = sinz, 0<z<az

Axis of revolution: z-axis

x i} sin uvcoS v, y = Sinu sinv,z = u
0 lA URC OSV Se

© 2014 Cengage Learning, All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or inpart.
 Section 15.5 Parametric Surfaces 785

39. r(u
= 4ui-vjt+v
,v)k, O<u<20> <v<1
=> =

r,(u, v) = 4i, r(u, v) =-jtk

ly chp ak
Rom ea4 {0 Ole. 4y 4k
O22); 1
rx, = V16 +16 = 4/2
A= [ [4J2 du dv = 4V/2(2)(1) = 8V2
41. r(u,
v) = acosui+ asinuj+ vk, O<u<27,0<v<b
r,(u, v) = -a sin ui + a cos uj
Rid, v) = K
i j k
r, XW, =|-asinu acosu 0|= acosui + asin uj
0 0 1

fr x n= a
Ae= i [,"@ du dv = 2zab

43. r(u, v) = au cos vi + ausinvj

+uk, OS usb, O< v< 2x
r,(u, v) = a cos vi + asin vj + k
r,(u, v) = —au sin vi + au cos vj
i i. k
r,x¥r,=| acosv asinv 1|= —aucos
vi — au sin vj + a* uk
—ausinv aucosyv 0

[r, x r,| = auvl+a@

A= ie [avi + a ududyv = nab’V/1+ a’

45. r(u, v) = Vucosvi + usinvj +uk,0<u<4,0<v< 22

cosv, sinv,
OUT ae
Easy = Sa
Bale +k

r,(u, v) = — u sin vi+ /u cosvj

i j k
1
mnxr= asl —s = cosvi~ Vusin vj + Sk
uw
Wu au
—/u sinv Ju cos v 0

fre nf = fu + 21
We i [, lu + ;e his ZiT — 1)= 36.177

47. See the definition, page 1084.

whole or in part.
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786 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

49. Function: z = x
Axis of revolution: z-axis
SS TOS) SNS, Sv
r(u, v) = u cos vi + uw sin vj + uk
u <Q, O0O<v<2z

51. r(u, v) asin? u cos’ vi + asin? u sin? vj + acos® uk

UES Safe, (WS PS 6

x = asinzucos' vy > x23 2/3 = a sin? u cos? v

y = asin’ usin? v > y?? = a? sin? u sin? v
z=acosu > 273 2/3 = a} cos? u

Re yA cae 5 u cos’ v + sin?

ae a’) sin? ; u sin?
; v + cos” u| = a’) sin?
; u + cos 2 u| = q’2/3

53. (a) r(u,v) = (4 + cos v) cos ui + (b) r(u, v) = (4 + 2 cos v) cos ui +

(4 + cos v) sin uj + sin vk, (4 + 2cos v) sin uj + 2sin vk,
ORS, OFS 7G 04 < 27,05
vs 27,

(c) r(u, v) = (8 + cos v) cos ui + (d) r(u,v) = (8 + 3.cos v) cos ui +

(8 + cos v) sin uj + sin vk, (8 + 3.cos v) sin uj + 3 sin vk,
OSS 2720S ye OSS
27 Oy 2

The radius of the generating circle that is revolved about the z-axis is b, and its center is a units from the axis of revolution.

55. r(u,v) = 20sinu cos vi + 20sin usin vj + 20 cosuk,0 <u < 2/3, O< v< 27
r, = 20cosucos vi + 20 cos u sin vj — 20 sin uk
r, = —20sinu sin vi + 20 sin u cos vj

i j k
r, Xr, =|20cosucosvy 20cosusinv —20sinu
—20sinusinv 20sinucosv 0.

400 sin? u cos vi + 400 sin? u sin vj + 400(cos u sin u cos’ v + cos u sin wu sin? v)k
400[sin? u cos vi + sin? uw sin vj + cos u sin uk|

axa = 400,/sin* u cos” v + sin* u sin? v + cos? usin? u = 400,/sin‘* uw + cos? usin? u = 400./sin? u = 400 sin u

S = [fas = f°" [7400 sin udu dv = f°"[-400 cos uf?” av = f°"200 av = 4000 m?

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 Section 15.6 Surface Integrals 787

57. r(u,
v) = ucos vi + usin vj + 2vk, OS u <3,0<y< 22
r,(u, v) = cos vi + sin vj
r,(u, v) = —w sin vi + wucos vj + 2k
i j k
r, Xr, =| cosv sinv 0}= 2sin vi — 2 cos vj + uk
—usinv ucosy 2

vil = V4 ote ur i.

A= le [V4 4? du aes NB . a? “8 te

59. Answers will vary.

Section 15.6 Surface Integrals

RoSo2=4—x, O0= xs 4,-0.5

y s 3, ae eee
Ox oy

J,J@ -2y + 2) ds = J,4 f(x

63
- 29 + 4 - xf + CI + 0? ayde = V2) 4 [(4
63
-2y) dy de = V2 J43 de = 122

Saeco. Rape oe ay
Ox oy

[,Je -2y + 2)as = J [i -ty + Wie ayer = [,"J,(r cos @- 2rsin 6 + 2)r dr dO
= i 2
= i: 40s 9 = Zsind + 1]do = |4sind + 2050 + 4] Le ate Or
oe 3 3 3 0 3 3

5. S:z =3-x-y (first octant), ae =I, a Sh

Ox oy

fy,Prva = fbPantha + OY ae = V3f)Ley

- ae +=) A siz 2 28
283 * x(3 — x)’de = IE
4 2 2.4 8

= —-2x,—=0
Ox oy

[,Joas = f°[ol + 42 dx dy oe Tee

9 Siz=10-x -y,05x%52, 05
y <2

Lie - 2xy)ds = ff (x> _ Ixy)/1 + 4x? + 4y? dy dx = — 11.47

whole or in part.
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788 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

11. S: 2x +3y + 6z =12 (firstoctant) > z= 2-1r-1y y

P(x, »,z) = x2 + Y?

m= ff
6
i"
al=
J
i
ae + |
—_— (i Se”wk
o
fbo
+» j =
tips—,
. a eG !
tals
ae I
ae =a"aa ~
—_—
pee
i]
olf
pa

13. S: r(u,v)
= wi+ vj+ 2k, O<u<l O<v<2
n =i, r, =j+2k

[,Je + as = [+ 3S duav = ['(v + 35av =SE + | = 125

15. S: r(u,v) = 2coswi+ 2sinuj+ vk, O<u<a2/2, 0<v<il

mr, = —2sinui
+ 2cosuj, nr, =k
i j k
mr, Xt, =|-2smu 2cosu 0/= 2oosui
+ 2sin uj
0 0 1
\
Ir, x 1] = 4 cos?
w+ 4sin?u = 2

f,fle + vas = FP"Rcosu + 2sinw)2

dudv= 4)[sinu— cos uff”
dv = 4f'2dv = 8
17. f(z, yz) = KP + yt
a
Siz=xt+y, C+y' <1 =—=1
ax LY
J,[7 ».2)as = f, Picafe + + 4 Mia Pa Pee

= Bf (ae + 2y? + 2ay]

dyde = V3 J" f'(2r? + 2rcos
@rsin@)rdrdé
so) 27
= 3, E + Zoo osing] ao = 3p" (1 + cos @sin 6) d@ = Slo ee = /32
0

1% f(x. yz)= VP 4+ P47

S2=fxe4
7 4+ <4

[.fanaa=f Leaye +e + Ve) f(a) «(pty oe

> 2 2

ee Saba t Bafta yee

x +305

=2f° T= Pry dy dx = 2],2x 3 r dr dé = 2[‘|E|

Mee =ie aes3.
[Xe],

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not bescanned,

copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible
website, in whole or in part.
 Section 15.6 Surface Integrals 789

AN. f(3,2)?
Hey + 2?
Sixty =9,0<+<3,0s y<3,0<2<59

Project the solid onto the yz-plane; x = /9- y’, 0< y<3, 0<2<9.

[,Jresadas = G[0- 2) +9? +2] + [eka] «(Fee

Ipa lot
Fe 2 ms & = (a3 +5) 6
Zz :

3
3 3 7 asin) = o1{2 2 0 = 486r
324 j (Bp
0

23, F(x, y,z) = 3zi — 4j + yk

S:z=1-x-y (first octant)
G(x,y,z)=x+y+t+z-1
VG(x, y,z)=i+j+k

J,JF-Nas = [ [F-vGdd = [fac

-4+ y)dyax
= [Jo Ba-x-»)-4+ ylaa

be ne — 3x — 2y)dydx = [[-y - 3xy - y? | de

= -fja- ) + 3x(1 ~ x)+ (1-2) |de = -f'(2 - 2x?)de = -4

25. F(x, y,z) = xi + yj + zk

S:z=l1-x-y, z20
Gs,y¥,z)
=r +y +z -1
VG(x, y, z) = 2xi + 2yj + k

[,JF Nas= J JF-vods

= J, (2x? + 2x? + 2)4A

= [2 f(22 + 2y? + (1-2? - y*))dA

aia

= [" f(r +1)rarao

an| pr? In 3 3x
I, E i A=|, 4 2

to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted
790 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

27. F(x, y,z) = 4i -— 3) + 5k

S:z=xX+y x+y? <4

VG(x, y, z) = -2xi - 2yj +k

i |F -NdS = {2[F -VG dd = k [(-sx + 6y + 5)dd

= [3[,[8 cos @ + 6r sin @ + 5]r dr dé

= (>[-8° cos @ + 2r' sin@ + sr] dé

= ["[-9 cos@ + 16sin @ + 10]dé

= [-S3 sin @ - 16 cos6+ 106]* = 20x

29. F(x, y,z) = (x + y)i+ yj + zk

S:z=16-x — y’, 0

G(x, y,z) = z+ 3x7 + y? - 16

VG(x, y, z) = 2xi + 2yj + k

F - VG = 2x{x + y) + 2y? +z = 2x7 +2xyp

+ 2y?+16-x -y? =x + y’ + 2xy + 16

[JF -Nas = J [F-vGaa

23Le + 2r? cos @sin6 + 16) r dr dO
a”
@ sin 6] dé = [192 + 64 sin? a)"
+ 128 cos aces
= lS = “cos @sin8 + 8r-| d@ = [hs
Q

(The flux across the bottom z = Ois 0.)

31. E = yoi + xzj + xyk

be i tla

Ss o}
ae J, [339 a4 = fase to

=f feas=eff [| on
oa ad = kl [V2dd
=JPkena?
= J,fe(e
+y*)as= ffi? + »?)W2
dd= V2K| ["Par a0 = _ 22) = — = 2 Jka?
2)=

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 Section 15.6 Surface Integrals 791

38, 8 + =!0',0 Kish

2% %.4).e1

yoecksat— x" Zz

Project the solid onto the xz-plane.

L, 4]. [(e er y°)(1) dS = 4" i= + (a? - *)| [1~ | ~ (0) dx dz

a 1 ie
4a? { ' oo dz = 4a° {; resin2]dz = 4a(2\) = 2na*h 4

Sis S:z=16-x-y',z2>0
F(x, y, z) = 0. 527k

|,JoF Nas J,JPF - (-ex(x, »)i - a(x v)i + k)dd = [ [0Spzk - (2xi + 2yj + k)dA
ll 73[o.spz dA = 1:[0.5p(16 - x? - y*) dA
05pf" , (16 - 7) dr a0 = 0.5p[640 = 64zp
5. The surface integral of fover a surface S, where S is 43. (a)
given by z = g(x, y), is defined as

|,[7 ».2) as = din,2 Gi 90, 2:)4S, (page 1112)

See Theorem 15.10, page 1094.
(b) If anormal vector at a point P on the surface is
41. See the definition, page 1100. moved around the Mébius strip once, it will point in
See Theorem 15.11, page 1100. the opposite direction.
(c) r(u,0) = 4 cos(2u)i + 4 sin(2u)j
This is circle.

(d) (construction)
(e) You obtain a strip with a double twist and twice as
long as the original MGbuus strip.

or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
792 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

Section 15.7 Divergence Theorem

1. Surface Integral: There are six surfaces to the cube, each with dS = /1 dA.

z=0, N=-k, F-N =-z?, J,, Jod4 = 0

I - N=k, F-N=2?, ca
x=0, N=-i, F-N
= -2x, Is,[0d4 =0
x=a N=i, F-N=2x, ff.[adv= [of 2a dyde= 20°
y=0, N=-j, F-N =2y, i [oda =0

pea N=j, F-N = -2y, L [-2ad4 = f, |;-24 &edx = -2a3

So, [ [F-NdS = a* + 2a° - 20° = af.

Divergence Theorem: Because div F = 2z, the Divergence Theorem yields
Heene ae = f I [,22 & dy dx fF (ow dy dx = a’.

3. Surface Integral: There are four surfaces to this solid.

z=0, N=-k, F-N==z

Ji,foas =0
\
y=0, N=-j, F-N=2y-z, S=d=dkea&
[,, J-z48 = [o[Po-zaede = ['(2? - 62)az= -36
gy N =-i, F-N=y-2x, dS =dA=ckedy
[,fras= [JP rea = [loro =9
Beoy e SONS i+2j+k
oe Ne dS
= \/6 dA
V6 V6
S4
(2x - Sp + 32) dedy = [[” (18 — x - lly)dedy = [(90 — 90 + 205) dy = 45
0 40 ( 0

So, [JF Nas =0-36+9+ 45 18.

Divergence Theorem: Because div F = 1, you have

i}
Jfav = (Volume of solid) = (Area of base) x (Height) = 506) =/18.

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or inpart.
 Section 15.7 Divergence Theorem 793

5: F(x, y; z) = xzi+ yzj + 2z7k

Surface Integral: There are two surfaces.

Bottom: z = 0, N = -k, F-N = -22?

ie JF Nas =f [-22? dd = [fod =0

Side: Outward unit normal is
_ 2xi+ 2yjp + kK

1
F-N=
Sera [2x°2 + 2y7z + 227|

I [JF Nas = Ie Jee + y*)z + 227|dA

ale nea - 7?) + A1- Pr)|rar do = [-"[ar - 29°)
drdo= is ee
Divergence Theorem: div F = z + z + 4z = 6z

[[faivF av = ieip er 6s rdrdr de

Q

= J" [3-7 rar

ao= [,"|,(8- 6r? + 3r')
rardo= fr"[3-3 +5|40 = x
—. Because div F = 2x + 2y + 2z, you have

es = [of fj(Qe + 2y + 22)dedyde

= Jofo(ear + 2ay + a!) ade = rate + a!)de= [att + 20, = Bot

~ Because div F = 2x — 2x + 2xyz = 2xyz,

fffaiv FdV = [JJ aV = I, {3 Is 2(p sin ¢ cos @)(p sin ¢ sin 8)(p cos ¢)p* sin ¢ dé dO dp
Q

= [e LF ie 2p°(sin @ cos 0)(sin® ¢ cos ¢) do dO dp

= ( hi =P sin 9 cos 0 dO dp = (eet dp = 0.

11. Because div F = 3, you have

{ffs dV = 3(Volume of Sphere) = 3{47(3°) = 108z.

Q

13. Because div F = 1+ 2y —1 = 2y, you have

5

aia oe J ay a dy J25 =? dy de = ]Fes - ae dz = 0.

= ["f)4y

15. Because div F = e”? + e? + e” = 3e’, you have

ae = [,3(e - 5)dr = 18(e* - 5)

[fae av = [°° I 30% ae ayax = [.fi[et = 1]oy
Q

part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in
794 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

17. Using the Divergence Theorem, you have

[,JourtF Nas = [[[div (curl F) av
Q

(are j k

curl F(x,y,z) =| = a we —6yi — (2z — 2z)j + (4x -— 4x)k = —6yi

| @& oy Oz ;
|4xp +z* 2x? +6yz 2x
div (curl F) = 0.
So, iy div (curl F) dV = 0.
Q

19. See Theorem 15.12.

21. Using the Divergence Theorem, you have i feurt F-NdS = SJ)div (curl F) dV. Let
Q

F(x, y. z) = Mi+ Nj
+ Pk

curl F lI oh (S- ee
Cy @&) \& Gx
div (curl F) II
oP_ON _OP aM| OM_
aay Ge Bex Be Ss azdy
So, i Jeurl F -NdS = {ffoar = 0,
Oo

23. (a) Using the triple integral to find volume, you need F so that

ee PO
on op ez
So, you could have F = xi, F = yj, or F = zk.
i+ f,j+ 7k
pee ee oa = Ay) Re NS ea ae +fr Page
Hr ee

FordA = dzdvconsiderF = 94,

»= fl asthen nis SASong as SA ae ae.
Sfl+ fr £2

FordA = dedy considerF = 2k,z = f(z, y),then N= #2 DITKk pags ofa2a PF ace.
jl+ f2 +f; 4

Correspondingly, you then have V = \, [F -NdS = |,[xav@ = [Jv ae = |,Jzaea.

© v= [fxba- [oma faa=o

Similarly, I,[ivaea = [ [[24a =a’.
ce @ pra a Q pa , ees 3

25. If F(x, y,z) = xi + yj + zk, then divF

= 3.

J,JF Nas = [reer = ie ar

2. J,fFDveds = |,[7¥e-Nas = [[fai(sVe)av = fffiraivve + oF -Ve)ar = [ff(rve + v7 -ve) av

Q Q Q

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 Section 15.8 Stokes’s Theorem 795

Section 15.8 Stokes’s Theorem

1. F(x, y, 2) = (2y - 2)i + e*j + 92k 3. F(x, y,z) =e *" i + e+?j + xyzk
i = 1k
i j k
curlF = he 0 0
ox Cy & curlF = 7S ee
DV Cam XYZ : oy e
e* +y ey tz xyz

(xz— 2ze” tg yzj — 2ye* Pa

(x =e ‘\i- yzj — 2ye" +k

5. Cie ey? = 9 Za Ov aze=)()

Line Integral:
\.F dr = [ya +x dy
x = 3cost,dx = -3sintdt,y = 3sint, dy = 3 cost dt

[LF -dr = Ie sin t\(—3 sin t) + (3cos+)(3 cost) |dt

= ["9dt
0
= 18%
Double Integral: g(x, y) = 9 - x’ - y’,g, = -2x,g, = -2y
curlF = 2k

{. feurl F -NdS = ty[2 dA = 2area circle) = 187

7. Line Integral:
From the figure you see that
Cz= 0dz ="0
Crt — 0, are—80
Gay = 0d =0

[Far = [92 ae+ y dy + 2 dz= [99+ Jaret eet Je 8 = [vars [vat [ozde+ [zd =0

Double Integral: curlF = xyj — xzk

Letting z = 12 — 6x — 6y = g(x, y), 8: = —6 = 8).

iF {(curt F) -NdS J,(curt)-[61 + 65 + k]d4 - x2)44
= J,J(6xy
I [,| [ee - x(12- 6x — 6y)|dy de = ela (12xy dyde
- 12x + 6x?)

ie[6xy? — 12xy + 6x?y], de = 0

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796 Chapter 15. Vector Analysis

. These three points have equation:

Oye
2 S82.
Normal vector: N = i+ j+k
curlF = —3i
— j — 2k

It furl F -NdS = iF i(-6) dd = —6(area of triangle in xy-plane)

— -6(2) = —12

bef ek

11. earl ree = 2yi + 2zj + 2k

Oe OP Ge
a Bye ye
eis Ga,
y)- =x" - y,G, = -2x,G, = -2y

lh Jeurl F -NdS J,J(2vi + 241 + 2k) - (2x1 + 2yj +k) da = J fl4a + 4y(1- x? - y*) + 2]44

= (ae oy Ax*y-— 4y? + 2]dyde

[avi =x ax = 2|
aresin x xii ll = 27
-1

lee ie cK

13. ed 2 ad ee
ox Oy a
Oy ee,

Z = G(x, y) = GG
4— x? — y? 4-7-y?

Ce eG): eae! eee j+k|dA

= |,[opt |, Pas
=faa =0
15. F(x, y,z) = —Iny/x? + y?i + arctan=j + k
My

i j k
curlF = a co as US
] eee oe Ee
Ox oy Oz + (x?/y’) x+y x+y
-1/2In(x? + y’) arctan x/y 1
S: z = 9 — 2x — 3y over one petal of r = 2 sin 26 in the first octant.

G(x, y.2)= 2x4 3y4.2=9

VG(x, y,z) = 21+ 3j+k

[s(curt F) - Nas fof gh pat = GP rreas, dr d@

F 1/2
ae0 |0n/2 4sin 6 cos @
2sin
Odrdo = ["”
0
8sin? @cosado = |S" 9)
7, 3
_ 8
3 é 8

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 Review Exercises for Chapter 15 797

17. curlF = xyj -— xzk

Vi G(x,y) = x IG. =e, GE =? (0)

a
+ (2xi- k)dd = [peda = ["[x(xx) dy de=
{[eur F-N =|,[esi — xzk)

19. F(x, y,z) =i+ j- 2k 21. See Theorem 15.13.

i j«k

curlF = es Me of =0
Ox Oy
1 1 -2

Letting N = k, you have {J(curt F) -NdS = 0.

23. LetC = ai + bj + ck,then =f (Cx r)- dr = Z

2 Jc 5 J,curl(Cfeurl(C x r)-NdS
xr) = 5J,Re-Nds = f.Jc-Nas
i 4k
because Cxr=|a b c| = (bz -cy)i- (az — cx)j + (ay — bx)k
et y-2z

i j k

and curl
(Cx r)= Ee es ae Aai + bj + ck) = 2C.
Ox ey a
bz -—cy cx-—az ay-—bx

25. Let S be the upper portion of the ellipsoid

x? 2 + 4y? + 2 =4z>0
Let C:r(t) = (2 cos ¢, sin f,0), 0 < t < 27, be the boundary of S.

If F = (M,N, P) exists, then

0 = |.[(curlF) - N ds (by (i)
= [a (Stokes's Theorem)

- [6-4
_ ee
(vy (i)
2s081, 0 , (-2 sin f, cosf¢,0) ah 2 sin? t + 2 cos” t)dt=n
4 4 dt =
>
0

So, there is no such F.

Review Exercises for Chapter 15

PGy, 2) = a + jt 2k 3. f(x,y,2) = 2x? + xy 2?

fF]= Vx? + 1? + 2?= Vx? +5 F(x, y,z) = Vf = (4x + y)i + x} + 2zk

5. Because 0M/@y = -1/x* = ON/Ax, F is conservative.

From M = 0U/édx = -y/x? and
N = 0U/éy = 1/x, partial integration yields
U = (y/x) + h(y) and U = (y/x) + g(x) which
suggests that U(x, y) = (y/x) + C.

in whole or in part.
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798 Chapter
15 Vector Analysis

8 11. Because

aMCy _ -1 _ aNOe M& _ -1 _@

7. Because sca = 2xy and en = 2xy, Fis conservative.
oy ox
Ooy’z) We bal Cees
hee. xy? — x? and
OU
ox

9 ys . : . .
anOz vdyz? MSBPdy’
N= s = xp + yp’, partial integration yields
F is conservative. From 2

U ae ee ) Ae ee ed ee Be ee
> 3 4 Ox yz Oy yz oz yz?
and you obtain

U = he + x + 9(x) Vetoes f(y, z), U = ae g(x,

z),
oe 3 yz yz
So, A(y) = »°/3 and g(x) = -x°/3. So, U =~ +A(x,y) > f(x yz) =— + K.
3 3
yz yz
U(x, y) = ee Be i C.
2 3 3 1B.
Because F(x, y,z) = x? i+ xy? j + x°zk:

9. Because oe = 8xy and oy = 4y) oy, x ay so F is (a) divF = 2x + 2xy + x’

oy Ox oy Ox
i<j Ck
not conservative.
(b) curlF = wi eeae —(2xz)j + y’k
OXe2 Oy Bez
x xy? XZ

15. Because F = (cos y + y cos x)i + (sin x — x sin y)j + xyzk:

Ns
(a) divF = —ysin
x — x cos y + xy

(b) curlF = xzi — yzj + (cosx — siny + siny — cos x)k = xzi — yzj

17. Because F = arcsin xi + xy*j + yz7k: 21. (a) Bets

sin =]AG 0 isa

then ds = 9 + 16 dt = 5 dt.
(a) divF 9 yz
/1
— x?
(Ge + y’)ds [,(97 i 162”)5dt
(b) curlF = z*i+ y’k
37!

19. Because F = In(x? + y)i 4 In(x? =f y)i Pez:

s|pans
ae

Qe ee
Tea EY (bD) etx = "cost, y-=.sin ts OSJ 22,
x+y x+y x+y
then ds = ,/(-sin t) + (cos t)’ =1.
(b) curlF = ey
x+y ets + y) ds = "ae Sey

23. x = 1 — sind y.— 1 cos¢, 0) se =<.27

— = —C0S 2 = sin t, ds = ,/(-cos t)’ + (sin t)’ at = dt

t

sts(x? ~ y’)ds
e (al- sini) + (1- cos)"|dt = ou — 2sint + sin?t + 1 — 2cost + cos? t]dt
[,"[B
- 2sin¢ - 2 cos4] at = [3r + 2cos¢ - 2sin¢].* = 62

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 Review Exercises for Chapter 15 799

Zen@ Lex
= 3 y= =34 0S P< 1)

[2x ~ y)de +(x + 2y) ay = [[(6r + 31)3 + Gr - 61)(-3)] dt = [(27 + 92) dt = 187], = 18
1

(b) Let x = 3cost,y = 3sin¢, dx = —3sint dt, dy = 3costdt,0 < t < 2z.

[.(2x - ») de+ (x + 2y) dy = [""[(6cos¢ - 3sin 1)(-3sin 1) + (30st + 6sin 1)(3 cos t)|dt = [9 dt = 182

27 [(2x + y)ds,r(t) = acos’ fit asin’ #j,0 <t <

NIN
x(t) = -3a - cos? tsint
y(t) = 3a- sin? t cost

[_(2x + y)ds = "(2a - cos? t) +a-sin? t)/x'(0) + y(t) dt = 9a?

5

29. f(x, y) = 3 + sin(x + y) 31. F(x, y) = xi + 2xyj

C: y = 2x from (0,0)to (2,4) r(f) = Vota Onsite|

r(t) = i+ 2,0<1<2 r(t) = 20 + 24

r(t) =i+2j [Far = fi[P(P)(20) + 2(P)(7)(20)] at
Jr] = V5 1
: f,605 dt = 1°] =H
Lateral surface area: 2 0
[:f(x,y) dass— [[3 + sin(t + at) V5 dt
33. dr = [(-2sin #)i + (2 cos#)j + k| dt
= V3 + sin 3¢] dt F = (2cos/)i + (2sint)j + tk,0 <t < 22
22
2 F - dr = fdte= 2x?
x 3/3 ~ ;cos | Jc J
0

= 36 ~ 50 6 +3]

= Bag — cos 6) = 13.446

35. F(x, y,z) = (y + zji + (x + z)j + (x + y)k

Curve of intersection: x =t,y =t,z=0 +0 = 2°

r(‘)=+4+2°k, O<t<2
r'(t) =i+ j+ 4tk

[.Foar = fe L(++ 21) + (1+ 21°) + (21)(41)|dt = fe[120? + 20] de = [40° + a = 36

37. For y= x*,4(() = A+ £0 ¢< 2 y

Fory = 2x,n,(t) = (2 - sit (4 - 24)3,0 <4 <2
[wat (? + y?) dy = ixydx + (x? + y*) dy a Bexyde + (x? + y’) dy

= 100 + (-32)
=4

part.
© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in
800 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

39. F = xi — J yi is conservative.

Work = [1x7 - at = 116) - (2)8*? = $3 - 4V2)

(3,2)
41. [:2xuyz dk + x7z dy + x*ydz = [>*»z]o.0.0 =

43. (2) [vide + doa = fi](1+ 9°) +201 +30+ 9) ar

= f, 3(0? + 2¢ + 1)+ 2(37 + 41 + 1)at = a (07? + 141 + 5)dt = [3 + 70 + st], ais
4

() E y* dx + 2xy dy = I, 0 : xvi) aoe fk[(«43 t)| dt = ei ee

(c) F(x, y) = yi + 2xyj = Vf where f(x, y) = x”.

So, [_F- dr = 4(2)' - (1) = 15.
‘ { sage cages i i éN 0M ae 51. r(u,v) = secu cosvi + (1 + 2 tan u)sin vj + 2uk
ocola& a

= |,fj(@-Dave
=1
1 pl

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 Review Exercises for Chapter 15 801

53. (a) f (b) z

: : a
The space curve isa circle: ru*) =
BAD ‘
cos ui +
ds
sin uj + ——k
2
2 Z
(e) r, = —3cosvsinui
+ 3cosvcosu j
r, = —3sinvsinwi
— 3sinvsinu j + cosvk

i j k
r, Xr, = |-3cosvsinu 3cosvcosu 0
—3sinvsinu 3sinvsinu cos

(3cos* v cos u)i + (3cos? v sin u)j + (9cos v sin v sin? u + 9 cos v sin v cos” u)k
(3cos” v cos u)i - (3cos? v sin u)j + (9 cos v sin v)k

Ir. xn, = ,/9 cos* v cos? u + 9 cos* v sin? u + 81 cos? vsin? v = ./9 cos* v + 81 cos? v sin? v
n/2
Using a Symbolic integration utility, } 4 [3 Ir.i r,| dv du ~ 14.44,
1

(f) Similarly, [7 f7" fe, x nj dv du = 4.27.

55. S:r(u,v) = ucosvi+

usin vj+ (uw-1)(2-u)k, OS us 2,0<v< 27

r,(u,v) = cos vi + sin vj + (3 — 2u)k

r,(u, v) = —u sin vi + u cos vj
i j k
r,xr, =| cosy sinv 3 -2u| = (2u — 3)ucosvi + (2u — 3)usin vj+ uk
—usinv ucosv 0

Ir. XH, ii) (2u - 3) +1

i [@ + y)dS = Le [,@ cosv + usin v)u,/(2u - 3)’ +ldudv = i f,"(cos v + sin v)u?./(2u - 3)’ +ldvdu =0

© 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
802. Chapter
15 Vector Analysis

57. F(x, y,z) = x°i + xj + zk

Q: solid region bounded by the coordinates planes and the plane 2x + 3y + 4z = 12

Surface Integral: There are four surfaces for this solid.
z=0,N=-k,F-N = -z, if Jods =0
y =0,N=-j,F-N =-n, [ Joas = 0 °
x= 0, N=-iF-N = -x’, ih Jos = 0

2x+3y+4z=12,N= Seu eae = ae (>Jaa= N29

fen (Z)
/ 29 16 4

fi [F-Nas = =f, [(2x? + 3x

+42)dA

-<i, r ig (2x? + 3xy + 12 — 2x - 3y) dy d&

7 A[>
of es | r ate : 2) Pe (2 :z . 2f2 Z 2a . aftez 2) Cs

ss=f (-# + x? + 24x + 36)

de
4 3 ¢
2 os 2m Gh hats 66
6| 4 3 i

Divergence Theorem: Because div F = 2x + x + 1 = 3x + 1, Divergence Theorem yields

fldiv FdV = i re Leas (3x 3 1)BS as

wf Mesn(PEBEB) a
Q

4
(12-2x)/3
Bae
— 1 S
le4) 2
) dx_
2

= <["(ax +1) |4(12 - 2x) - 2(2 - **)eae ==) dx

4 Jo 3 a 13
ae 2 (333 — 35x? + 96x + 36) dx
4 J0 3
4 3
Seek. Paget: shu | 66.
6| 4 3

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 Problem Solving for Chapter 15 803

59. F(x, y,z) = (cos y + y cos x)i + (sin x — x sin y)j + xyzk
S: portion of z = y’ over the square in the xy-plane with vertices (0, 0), (a, 0), (a, a), (0, a)
Line Integral: Using the line integral you have:
Osy = 0, og =0
Cy wae 0. = 0, 2 = y*, de
= 2y ay
C3: y= a, dy =0, 2 = a7, dz = 0
p>
Ca wea a, de = 0; g = y*, & = 2y dy

Far = [.(cos » + y cosx) dr+ (sin x — xsin y) dy + xyz dz

II a dx +0 + les(cosa + acos x) dx + Ib, (sin a — asin y) dy + ay’(2y dy)

II J,ae + [,(cosa+ acosx)dx + J, (sina - asin y)dy+ J,2av4ay

5 a

= a+ [xcosa + asin x. + [ysina + acos y], + 20%

0
2a° 2a® <
= 4—acosa— asina + asina + acosa — a+ —— = ——

Double Integral: Considering f(x, y,z) = z — y’, you have: QGP m

Vv, —2yj + k i BS tees
eS gg wt 4p deandieun Be et,
RA +a
D: 6
So, f. [(curlF) Nas = J, [, 2v?2dy de = |" [°2y*zdy de = | 2 ie -=e

61. If curl(F) = xi + yj + zk, then div(curl F) = 1 + 1+ 1 = 3, contradicting Theorem 15.3.

Problem Solving for Chapter 15

=o)
1. (a) VWI = 5\3/2 [xi + yj + zk]
(x? +y +z

N = xi+ V1 -x’k

Seen
1 — x?

Flux = [ [-kVT -NdS

=25k], ———— dA
(ee +y? + 2”) (1 - x?) (x? + y? + 2?)

Sree t. Wares ean a ee dydx

ee+ y? eer
+ = xy" (x? + y + 2yr(1 - mye

72 1 1 y2 1 7 PD /2n
6

or in part.
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804. Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

(b) r(w,v) = (cos w, v, sin w)

a (-sin u, 0, cos u), 5, = (0, 1,0)
roc (-cos u, 0, sin u)

VI = @ : a aP [xi + yj + zk] = Ta aaleos ui + vj + sin uk]

—25 a25
tie Sin? u)
VI - (r, x r,) =——,{—-cos?
(v?zr1) (v? + 1)
1 p2zx/3 25 Qn
Flux = fe IF ay?
: ° du dv = 25k

3: r(z) = (3 cos f, 3 sin f,21)

r(t) = (-3 sin f, 3 cos ¢, 21), r'(t)| = V13

y? a 2”)
pds = J0be (9sin? ¢ + 477)/13 dt = 5V130(3227 + 27)

x + 2*)p e i I‘ me (9cos? t + 4?)/13 dt = 5V130(3227 + 27)

x? 4 )
papas he(9 cos? t + 9 sin? 1/13 dt = 187/13

G ‘ y Zz xi + yj + zk k =
(Inf) Re ez ey ee xy + 27 x? + y? + 2? ss

1 1
(0) ee
f 2
ay 2 +e 2

1 —x \ -y ‘ -z —(xi + yj + zk) F
lt (xmene
(3]- (x +y eee + 2”) ve
+y + 2°) Wee AP
(x + y + 2’) (Vx? +y?+2?) age

() fr a(Ve +x +2)
nl = n-1
bs = nlx? + y? + 2?) ee eS i+ nf/x? + y* + 2?) ieee j
Vr ty? +2? Vrty +2?
n-l
+ nffx? + y? + 2?) ee Sk
Vx? ty? 4.27
n—-2
= n(/x° +y?+ 2) (xi + yj + zk)

= nf" °F

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 Problem Solving for Chapter 15 805

e e dx
e ee
(x? + y+ 2)"
im Vil xey + 2*

eae OWnay ree ae

(x? +y> + zy" dy* (x? ty? + 2)
ax
Ow tek ow : 27? ES x2 es y

dy (ayer) (te ya zy”

Z Cw @w Cw
Ow _
aed 32 Vow = at at x0
(x? popu 2”) de dy «de

ioe ,
Therefore w = — is harmonic.

7 4 oxdy- yd = +f,[a0 — sin 0)(a sin 8) d@ — a(1 — cos 8)(a(1 — cos 9)) dé]
@ - 2) d@ = —3na"
= ta’ ie [Asin = sin?9 — 1+ 2cos@ — cos” @|do = ta fo (@sin6 + 2cos

So, the area is 3 ma’.

9. (a) r(t) =tj,0<¢<1

r() =i
w-[P-d = [(i+i)-ia= Pa =t
(b) ri) =(t-?)i+t,0s0<1
r(t)= (1-20)i
+j
w= Rd =[i(er-eyi+[e-e) +f) -@- 2+ de

= flO 29(2r— 8)+ @h-28 42 a Djar=f(t a8+2 ar =

(c) = ™
=—
II c(t -P)it tj, 0srsl
r(t) = c(l= 2r)i + j
— EC - ”) + Ge - 2r)) = (c*( - a - 1)
Kade

= ¢t4 - 2c? + ct — Ict?

+ ct +1

w= [Fede = te - c+!
c 30
dw 1 1 5
se re) Ce
dc 15 6 2
dw 1 Sie,
pee > 1) Co) — Minin
dc* [Nes 2

ll. vxr = (4, %, as) x (x, Vs z)

— ax)
= (az — Ay, —AZ + AX, AY

curl(v x r) = (24, 2a), 2a;) = 2v

By Stokes’s Theorem,
r)- NdS = \, [2v- NdsS.
[.(v xx)ae = I. fcurl(vx

e website, in whole or in part.

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s Reserved. May not be scanned,
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806 Chapter 15 Vector Analysis

13. (a) (i) ieSVg-dr = J, feurl[/vg] - N dS (Stokes’s Theorem)

og.
Vg = fSi+
Ox
og.
pSj+
oy
0
fF
oz
i j k
0 0 0
l(fVg) = — — —
eu 8) Ox oy Oz
f(6g/ax) f(0g/a) f(ag/az)

G2) @e)- 1-2)

[2s C2)-e8)-B2]
+LAs5)+ QE) -(45s)+S
(22)-@E)}-S-Gz)-(62)-Geh
BV e. AON) Se
lee a el ee
Bo oO
ox oy &

So, le fVe-dr = J, Jeurt[evg] /NdS = {,[le x Vg] - NdS.

(ii) J.(fW) ar = J.[(WF = VA) NaS (using part a)
= 0 because Vf x Vf = 0.
(iii) ( (Vg + gVf)- dr = Ne (fVg) - dr + [.(ev) . dr
= |.[(Vf x Vg) Nas + J, J(Vg x VA). N dS (using part a)
= J,[(Wf = Ve) Nas + [[-(vf x Ve)- Nas =0

(b) f (ey; 2) = xz, B(x 2) =z, Siz =4f4— x? = y?

(i) Veg(x, y,z) =k

I ys z)Vg(x, y> z) = xyzk

r(¢) = 2cos¢i + 2sin¢j + Ok, O< 14 < 27

P [F(x, y, Z)VQ(x, y, z)| eta)

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copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole
or inpart.
 Problem Solving for Chapter 15 807

(ii) Vf (x, y, z) = yzi ae xzj + xyk

Vg(x, y,z) =k
r Pk

he,
ac neal fee pene
Or 0 1

§ J +k
N= ei 4-7 -y?
J4-v%-y
5 2 9
= 2
eee dA =
Loh
L +|

Z o
J,LVA(% y. 2) x Va(x ¥, 2)] Nas lS
Mer
iexy
4
Qn 2r?(cos? @ — sin? 6) is 2 n );
si20 Fa)
I __.—*r d6 dr = La gbig? 5
fal
0 40
—_+—__
4-—?r
0

or in part.
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d. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
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