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Full Download PDF of Solution Manual For Optics (5th Edition) 5th Edition All Chapter
Full Download PDF of Solution Manual For Optics (5th Edition) 5th Edition All Chapter
5th Edition
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83
Chapter 9 Solutions 83
Chapter 9 Solutions
use (9.29) a sin m m ( m may not be “small”). Let m = 1, sin y/(s y ) , so,
ay (s 2 y 2 )1/ 2 ; (a 2 2 )y 2 2 s 2 ;
y s/(a 2 y 2 )1/ 2 . c ,
s
9.7 y
a
ay
s
(1 10 4 m)(3 10 3 m)
s 0.509m
5.89 10 7 m
s
y
vac 0
9.8 a
5.000 m
yvac (5.893 10 7 m) 2.9465 mm
3
(1 10 m)
c 0 0
n
0
n
s s 0
y
air
a a n
5.000 m 5.893 10 7 m
y 2.9456 mm
air
(1 10 3 m) 1.00029
1 / 2a (1/2)(632.8 10 9 m)/(0.200 10 3 m)
1.58 10 3 rad,
or since
y5 s5 /a (1.00 m)5(632.8 10 )/(0.200 10 m) 1.582 10 m. (c) Since the fringes vary
as cosine-squared and the answer to (a) is half a fringe width, the answer to (b) is 10 times larger.
s s 0
9.10 y m m
1
a a n
Using a 110 m,
3
0
85
Chapter 9 Solutions 85
Chapter 9 Solutions
9.13 (9.28) m m /a. Want 1, red 2, violet ; (1)red /a (2)violet /a; violet 390 nm.
s
9.14 y1 m
a
y m
m
m
s a
s f
mf
ym f m
a
9.15
h
f
2
r1 r2 a
2
2a
h f
f
2 2a
f
h
a
9.16 Follow section (9.3.1), except that (9.26) becomes r1 r2 (2m 1)( /2) for destructive interference,
where m 1, 2, . . . , so that (2m 1) is an odd integer. This leads to an expression equivalent to
(9.28), m (2m 1) /2a.
87
Chapter 9 Solutions 87
Chapter 9 Solutions
m
s
9.17 y
m
a
a
ym
ms
3
Using a 2.7 10 m, s 4.60 m, m 5:
2.7 10 4 m
(5 10 3
m) 587 nm
5(4.60 m)
9.18 Follow section (9.3.1), except that (9.26) becomes r1 r2 m , where Optical path differences
in beam. Following r1 , nd (for m “small”).
9.19 As in section (9.3.1), we have constructive interference when OPD m . There is an added
OPD due to the angle, q, of the plane wave equal to a sin q, so (9.26) becomes r1 r2 a sin m .
(9.24) m y/s and (9.25) r1 r2 ay/s are unchanged, for small m so
r1 r2 m a sin a(y/s) a m ; m (m /a) sin .
Distance 8.0 10 3 m.
9.21 r22 a 2 r12 2ar1 cos(90 ). The contribution to cos /2 from the third term in the Maclaurin
expansion will be negligible if
c , so c/ .
(c/ ) / c / 2 ;
t 2 /c ; l ct ( 2 / )
c c c
1
I E2 E2 ,
i i T o
2
( R d )
9.25 y
2R
( R d )
2Ry
9.26 S Z R d 1 d
d 1
( R d )
y
2R
5.89 10 7 m
0.00118 rad
y
5 10 4 m
9.27 A ray form S hits the biprism at an angle i (w.r.t normal), is refracted at angle t , and hits the second
face at angle ( t ).
(4.4) (1) sin i (n) sin t . (n)sin( t ) (1)sin( /2 ), where angle is defined in Figure 9.24.
As i 0, t 0; , are both “small.”
n sin sin( /2 ), so n ( /2) , 2(n 1) . From the figure tan( /2) (a/2)/d, so
7
(5.00 m)(5.893 10 m)
2y 2 2
s 0.295 mm
2(1 10 2 m)
a
maximum occurs for 2 when sin ( /a) (1 cos 2 ) 2sin 2 .
3r oi oi
9.34 Here 1.00 1.34 2.00, hence from Eq. (9.36) with m 0,
d (0 1/2)(633 nm)/2(1.34) 118 nm.
9.35 (9.36) d cos t (2m 1)( f )/4 for a maximum at (near) normal incidence,
and taking m = D (lowest value)
7 8
0
2n f d 2(1.333)(2.50 10 8 m)
t 46.356
sin i (1.333) sin (46.356) 0.9646
i 74.7
9.38 Eq. (9.37) m 2n f d/0 10, 000. A minimum, therefore central dark region.
9.39 The fringes are generally a series of fine jagged bands, which are fixed with respect to the glass.
1 f
9.42 d m m
2 2
1 (5.893 10 7 m)
d172 172
2 50.8 m
2
m f f f o
m m 1 f m m 1
9.45 x2 x2 R(m m )
x 2 x 2
R m m 1
f R(mm mm 1 )
Use
1
2d m
m 0
2
1
2d
m
m 2
0
Since the offset is a constant d :
x2 x2
R m m 1
f 1 1
R 2d d 2d d
m m1
2 2
94
Chapter 9 Solutions 94
Chapter 9 Solutions
0
n (x 2 x 2 )
m 1
R f m
2R(d m d m1 )
xm 1 xm ( f R)1/ 2 ( m 1 m )
xm 2 xm 1 ( f R) ( m 2 m 1)
1/ 2
x x ( R)1/ 2 ( m 1 m ) m 1 m
m 1 m
f
1/ 2
xm2 xm 1 ( f R) ( m 2 m 1) m 2 m 1
95
Chapter 9 Solutions 95
Chapter 9 Solutions
Expand the square roots for large m (keeping only the first few terms):
m m1/ 2
1 1
m 1 m1/ 2 m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2
2 8
1
m 2 m1/ 2 m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2
2
1 1
m1/ 2 m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2 m1/ 2
xm 1 xm 2 8
xm2 xm 1 1 1 1
m1/ 2 m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2 m1/ 2 m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2
2 2 8
1 1/ 2 1 3/ 2 1 1
m m m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2 1 m 1
4m 1 1
2 8 4 4 1
1 3 3 3 4m 3 2m
m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2 m 1/ 2 m 3/ 2 1 m 1
2 8 4 4
For m 50
50 1 50
1.0099
50 2 50 1
1
1 1.01
2(50)
9.47 A motion of /2 causes a single fringe pair to shift past, hence
92( /2) 2.53 105 m and 550 nm.
N 400
0 5 10 7 m
9.50 d N (o /2); (nair x nvacuum x);
9.51 Differentiating :
c
c 2
0
0 2
v c
1
96
Chapter 9 Solutions 96
Chapter 9 Solutions
t
lc ct
2 1 2
0
0
0
c t lc
2D lc
2
0 0
2D
2 (6.43847 10 7 m)2
D 0
0.1594 m
20 2(0.0013 nm)
97
Chapter 9 Solutions 97
Chapter 9 Solutions
9.52 Fringe pattern comes from the interference of two beams, one that passes through the lower medium
(n1), and is reflected off its mirror, one that passes through the top medium (n2) and is reflected off its
mirror. The two beams reflect off the front surface of the other medium.
It might be used to compare n1 and n2 (especially if one changes, such as due to pressure or
temperature), or compare the flatness of one surface, to a known optically flat surface.
(b) 4 sin 1 1/ F 0.223. (c) F 2 /0.223. (d) C 1 F.
2 . F 2 / 2.
9.57 (4.47) r i 0 (nt ni )/(nt ni ). Bare substrate: r (ns 1)/(ns 1). Substrate with film: r to f rf s t f o .
(4.48) t i 0 2ni /(ni nt ), so, r [2/(1 n f )][(ns n f )/(ns n f )][2n f /(n f 1)], where nf = n. Note
that for ns nf 1, both r and r are positive. But, with thickness f /4, a phase shift occurs due to the
OPD in the r beam, so rnet r r .
Thus, the r beam (partially) cancels the r beam.
9.58 At near normal incidence ( i 0) the relative phase shift between an internally and externally reflected
beam is rad. That means a total relative phase difference of (2 / f )[2( f /4)] or 2 . The waves
are in phase and interfere constructively.
9.59 n0 1, ns ng , n1 ng .
9.61 d cos t (2m 1) m . Let t 0, m 0, (minimum thickness).
4
5.00 10 7 m
d 0
96 nm
4n f 4(1.30)
9.62 Note that in the triangle including θ and r1, the length of the side from P1 to a plane, parallel to the
surface, and containing point z(x) is r1 cos θ. So, from zero elevation,
98
Chapter 9 Solutions 98
Chapter 9 Solutions
Language: Hungarian
IRTA
BUDAPEST
AZ ATHENAEUM R. TÁRS. KIADÁSA.
1885.