Rules of Differentiation 5

Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions

 𝒇 𝒙 𝑓! 𝑥 Name of Rule
c (constant) 0 constant function rule
𝑑𝑦
𝑦 = 𝑥! = 𝑛𝑥 !"# power rule
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
𝑦 =𝑐'𝑢 𝑥 = 𝑐 ' 𝑢′ 𝑥 constant multiple rule
𝑑𝑥

Recall: 𝑦 =𝑢 𝑥 +𝑣 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑢′ 𝑥 + 𝑣′ 𝑥 sum rule

Rules of 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= '
𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑢), & 𝑢 = 𝑓 𝑥 chain rule
Differentiation 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
Thus Far 𝑦 =𝑓 𝑥 =𝑢 𝑥 '𝑣 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑢$ 𝑣 + 𝑢𝑣 $ product rule

𝑢 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑢$ 𝑣 − 𝑢𝑣 $
𝑦=𝑄 𝑥 = = quotient rule
𝑣 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣%

𝑦 = 𝑒& '
𝑦$ = 𝑒& ' ×𝑓′ 𝑥 exponential rule
1
𝑦 = ln 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑦$ = ' 𝑓′ 𝑥 logarithm rule
𝑓(𝑥)
Review – Unit
Circle 𝑥, 𝑦 = cos 𝜃 , sin 𝜃
For the given circle, the
exact coordinates of
points on the unit circle
that lie on the terminal
arm of certain angles in
standard position are
given for angles in
degrees and radians.
Terminology – Periodic Function

Amplitude: The maximum

vertical distance of the
graph above or below the
centre line.

Centre line: The

horizontal central axis of
the curve.

Period: The length of each cycle measured along

the horizontal axis.
Sketching the Sine Function (𝑦 = sin 𝜃)
Sketching the Cosine Function (𝑦 = cos 𝜃)
Sketching the Tangent Function (𝑦 = tan 𝜃)
Graph of Derivative of 𝑓 𝑥 = sin 𝑥
Graph of Derivative of 𝑓 𝑥 = cos 𝑥
 If 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = sin 𝑥
then
! !
𝑑
𝑦 =𝑓 𝑥 = sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
The
Derivatives If 𝑦 = sin 𝑓 𝑥
of Sine then, applying the chain rule

𝑦 ! = cos 𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑓′ 𝑥
N.B. only valid when x is measured in radians.
 If 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = cos 𝑥
then
!
𝑑
!
𝑦 =𝑓 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 = − sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
The
Derivatives
of Cosine If 𝑦 = cos 𝑓 𝑥
then, applying the chain rule
𝑦 ! = − sin 𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑓′ 𝑥
N.B. only valid when x is measured in radians.
 Differentiate 𝑦 = 3 sin" 2𝑥

Example 1
 Differentiate 𝑓 𝑥 = 5 cos 2𝑒 # + 3𝑥 $

Consider letting 𝑢 𝑥 = 5 cos 𝑥 and

𝑣 𝑥 = 2𝑒 # + 3𝑥 $ .
Example 2
 Differentiate 𝑦 = 2 sin 𝑥 − 3 cos 𝑥

Example 3
 Differentiate 𝑦 = tan 𝑥.
%&' #
Recall, tan 𝑥 =
()% #

Example 4
Derivative of
Tangent
Example 4 𝑦=
1
cos ! 𝑥
Derivative of
Tangent
 𝒚 = 𝟐 sin 𝑥 cos 𝒙 y = sin 𝑥

Differentiate
with respect
to x
𝑦 = 3𝑒 ./ + sin 2𝑥 − 7 y = cos 𝑥 ln 𝑥
More Tangent Lines
Consider the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 2 cos 𝑥 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
Find the value(s) of x for which the tangent lines to the graph of f
are parallel to the line 𝑦 = − 2𝑥 − 6.
More Tangent Lines