Environment-presentation:

Tornadoes :
Tornadoes are some of the most powerful and destructive forces in nature. Tornadoes are a weather
phenomenon that can cause destruction and death in many parts of the world.
A tornado forms from a large thunderstorm. Inside thunderclouds, where warm, humid/moist air
rises, while cool air falls--along with rain or hail. These conditions can cause spinning air currents
inside the cloud. Although the spinning currents start out horizontal, they can turn vertical and drop
down from the cloud--becoming a tornado.
Tornadoes occur in many parts of the world, including Australia, Europe, Africa, Asia, and South
America. . Two of the highest concentrations of tornadoes outside the U.S. are Argentina and
Bangladesh. Tornadoes can happen at any times of year, but most likely it is in June or July (tornado
season) in evening.
Tornadoes can cause catastrophic damage, killing dozens of people and destroying thousands of
homes. They can destroy trees and other items which are used by animals as habitats which can lead
to destroying wildlife and landscapes.

Volcanoes :
Volcanoes are Earth's geologic architects. Their explosive force crafts mountains as well as craters.
Lava rivers spread into bleak landscapes. But as time ticks by, the elements break down these
volcanic rocks, liberating nutrients from their stony prisons and creating remarkably fertile soils that
have allowed civilizations to flourish.
Some 1,500 volcanoes are still considered potentially active
Some 75 percent of the world's active volcanoes are positioned around the ring of fire, a 25,000-mile
long, horseshoe-shaped zone that is located in Pacific ocean. This region is where the edges of the
Pacific and Nazca plates butt up against an array of other tectonic plates.
Danger : One particular danger is pyroclastic flows, avalanches of hot rocks, ash, and toxic gas that
race down slopes at speeds as high as 450 miles an hour. Ash is another volcanic danger. Volcanic ash
can collapse weak structures, cause power outages, and is a challenge to shovel away post-eruption.
They've created more than 80 percent of our planet's surface by laying the foundation that has
allowed life to thrive.

Earthquakes :
An earthquake happens when there’s a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust. This creates
seismic waves that cause the ground to shake. This release of energy happens because of the
movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth’s surface.
Earthquakes can range in size and strength, from small ones that are hard to notice to big ones that
can damage buildings and landscapes.
They can also lead to aftershocks, which are smaller tremors that follow the main earthquake.
We didn’t know much about eartquakes until the emergence of seismology wich is scientific
discipline that study earthquakes and the propagation of seismic waves within the Earth.
Some of the common impacts of earthquakes include structural damage to buildings, fires, damage
to bridges and highways, but earthquakes can also cause/have enviromental effects like initiation of
slope faulting, soil liquefaction, landslides, fissures, avalanches and tsunami. The extent of
destruction and harm caused by an earthquake depends on: magnitude. intensity and duration.

Floods :
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. Floods can be slow and
gradual, or they can come on quickly, depending on the cause.
Flooding can occur because of heavy rain, melting snow, or rising rivers, lakes, or oceans, but one of
the factors are also human changes of environment like deforestation and removal of wetlands
which can create changes in waterway course.
Floods have impact in agriculture, civil engeneering and public health since they can damage homes,
roads, and farmland .

Droughts :
A drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall in a particular region. It is periode of the
lack of adequate precipitation, either rain or snow can cause reduced soil moisture or groundwater,
diminished stream flow, crop damage, and a general water shortage.
Drought can have a serious impact on health, agriculture, economies, energy and the environment.
Around 55millions of people are globaly affected by droughts every year. Drought threatens people’s
livelihoods, increases the risk of disease and death, and fuels mass migration.
A drought may last for weeks, months, or even years. Sometimes, drought conditions can exist for a
decade or more in a region. The longer a drought lasts, the greater the harmful effects it has on
people.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES :

Alternative energy refers to energy sources other than fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum, and
diesel) and includes all renewable and nuclear energy sources like sunlight or wind. I’m going to be
talking about 3 alternative enerfy sources that I chose and tham I’m gonna name some others.

Solar energy :
Solar energy is any type of energy generated by the sun. This is probably the most commonly known
source of alternative energy.
It is created by nuclear fusion that takes place in the sun. Solar technologies convert sunlight into
electrical energy either through photovoltaic panels or through mirrors that concentrate solar
radiation.
One of its bigest advantage is that it’s completely renewable
The cost of manufacturing solar panels are not only affordable but often the cheapest form of
electricity.
The only potential setback of solar panels is that they are prone to deterioration over time and aren’t
completely weather-safe in countries with erratic weather conditions. Solar panels have a lifespan of
roughly 30 years.

Wind energy :
Wind is used to produce electricity by converting the kinetic energy of air in motion into electricity by
by using large wind turbines located on land (onshore) or in sea- or freshwater (offshore).
This is one of the cleanest and most accessible sources of energy. Wind power is sustainable and
does not release carbon emissions as a by-product. It’s also entirely renewable, as there will always
be wind.
The disadvantages of wind energy could be that wind trubines are dangerous for wildlife (especially
for birds), the can be noisy, which could be disturbing and the wind power is limited by location (it
doens’t work everywhere.

Nuclear energy :
Nuclear energy is a form of energy released from the nucleus, the core of atoms, made up of protons
and neutrons. This source of energy can be produced in two ways: fission – when nuclei of atoms
split into several parts – or fusion – when nuclei fuse together.
A nuclear reactor, or power plant, is a series of machines that can control nuclear fission to produce
electricity. The fuel that nuclear reactors use is element Uranium.
Advantages of nuclear energy are : it is enviromentally friendly cause it’s carbon-free electricity it has
small land footprints, it’s inexpensive and ist stable, so it’s reliable energy source.
Disadvantages : Uranium is technically non-renewable, it creates Nuclear waste and any
Malfunctions can be catastrophic.