6433 Bi

Hindi Vidya Prachar Samiti’s
Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College of Arts, Science

& Commerce
(Empowered Autonomous College)
Affiliated to
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

2023-2024
t.Y.B.Sc. (IT) SEM VI
PAPER rjsUITp603 – business intelligence
Name : Khan Ariba Mohammed Hakim

Roll No. : 6433
Hindi Vidya Prachar Samiti’s
Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College of Arts,
Science & Commerce
(Empowered Autonomous College)
Affiliated to
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
This is to certify that Ms. Khan Ariba Mohammed Hakim , Roll No.
6433 of TY BSc IT class has completed the required number of
Experiment of Practical business intelligence, in partial
fulfilment of the Requirements for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Science (Information Technology) during the academic
year 2023-2024.
College seal Sign of Co-Ordinator

INDEX
Sr. No. Title Date Remark
1 Data Analysis using Excel 07/12/23
2 What-if Analysis using Excel and Power BI 14/12/23
3 Creating Pivot Table and Pivot Chart using Excel and Power BI 04/01/24
4 Import data from legacy data structures. 11/01/24
5 ETL and Data Modeling in Power BI 18/01/24
6 Creating Reports and Charts in Power BI 25/01/24
7 Creating Dashboards in Power BI 08/02/24
8 DAX Queries in Power BI 23/02/24
9 Implementation of Regression Algorithms using Python 30/01/24
10 Implementation of Classification Algorithms using Python 23/02/24
11 Implementation of Clustering Algorithms using Python 23/02/24

Name : Khan Ariba Mohammed Hakim BI Journal
Roll No : 6433
Practical No : 1
Data Analysis using Excel
Demonstrate the use of various features of Excel that are required to do the data analysis.
Example: Result Analysis
Open Excel
Select a blank sheet
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Enter the below data:
FORMULAE:
Formula to calculate values of Total = SUM(C3:F3)
Formula to calculate values of Percentage = G3/400*100
Formula to calculate values of Rounded % = ROUNDUP(H3,0)
Duplicate Values : The cells will be highlighted having duplicate values.

Select the cells of the Name column .Select the Duplicate Value from Highlighted Cells Rules of Conditional
Formatting from the Home tab. Select the colour
The result will be

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Less Than… : The cells with less values will be highlighted.

Select values of Sub1 Marks. Select Less Than…. from the Highlighted Cells Rules of Home tab.
Set the range and select the colour
The result will be

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Similar for Sub2 Marks, Sub3 Marks and Sub4 Marks
Data Bars : This will add the coloured data bar to represent the value.
Select the values of the Total column. Select Data Bars of Conditional Formatting from Home tab. Select
colour
The result will be

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Top/Bottom Rules : The highest or the lowest value(s) will be highlighted.

Select the values of the Percentage column.
Select the Top 10 items…. of Top/Bottom Rules from the Home tab then select colour.
The result will be
Icon Sets : Set of icons to represent the values.

Select the set of icons of your choice from the Icon Sets of Home tab.

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The result will be
Stacked Bar Chart : This chart is used to compare the values.

Select the values of the Total column. Select the Stacked Column of Charts from the Insert tab.

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Do the formatting and the result will be
Similarly for the Percentage column, but select Pie chart instead of Stacked Bar. The result will be
Select the values from Sub1 Marks to Sub2 Marks to represent it in Line Chart

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Practical No : 2
What-if Analysis Using Excel and Power BI(14/12/23)
Demonstrate what-if analysis using goal seek, scenario manager and data table for your own data.
1. Goal Seek : This will find the right input value.

a. Semester and Grade points
Enter the below data
Select the CGPA value. Select the Goal Seek from What-If Analysis of Data tab.
Set the values in Goal Seek window

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The result will be
b. Subject and Total

Apply Goal Seek
The result will be

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c. Academic year
Find the total profit
Apply Goal Seek

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The result will be
2. Scenario Manager : This will create different groups of values or scenarios and switch between them.
a. Room and Amount
Select the value of Total Amount.

Select Scenario Manager from What-If Analysis of Data tab

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Click Add
Now add a scenario and select the value cell of No. of customers in the Changing cells textbox

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Now add second scenario

S2 scenario:
Enter value for the changing cells:
Select S2 scenario then click on show button to see the changes

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b. Grain:
Add scenario manager on value of Total named Monday where the rate of wheat will be change to 52 from 50
See the results by clicking show button

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Add second scenario named Tuesday where the rate of rice will be changed to 76 from 10
See the result

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Add a second scenario named Tuesday with the value of Rate /kg of Rice
Enter the changing value as 72
The results will be
Add the third scenario named Wednesday with the changing cell as the value of Rate /kg of Rice

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Enter the changing value as 76
The results will be
3. Data Table : Displays the results of multiple inputs at the same time
a. Stationary:
Enter the below data with the formula for total profit = B4*C4+B5*C5
Make another table to find the total highest price as shown below.
Select the value cells
Go to the Data tab, now select the Data Table from What-If Analysis.

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Enter the highest value of % sold as column input cell in the Data Table window.
Click OK
The results will be
Make another table
Apply Data Table to the above table

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Make changes in the Data Table window
The results will be

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b. Compound Interest Calculator
Enter the below data with the formulae

● Balance = FV(B32/B33,B33*B34,,-B31)
● Interest = B35-B31
Now make a new table with the first value of Balance is equal to the value of Balance from original table
Apply Data Table to it with the defined column input cell

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The results will be
Make another table
Apply Data Table to it as well and add column input cell as defined

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The results will be
Make a table
Apply Data Table, add both row and column input cell value as defined
The results will be

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Practical No : 3
Creating Pivot Table and Pivot Chart using Excel and Power BI
Demonstrate the creation of one dimensional and two dimensional pivot table and pivot chart to perform
analysis using Microsoft Excel and PowerBI for any sample data like fruits sale data.
a. Microsoft Excel
Sale data:

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Select the whole data and select the Table/Range from Pivot Table from Insert tab
Click OK

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The results will be

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To make bar chart:

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b. Power BI
Load the sales data in power BI
Click on Report View

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Select Matrix option from Visualizations
Drag and drop values in rows and columns

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A pivot table will be created
Now select Clustered column chart from Visualization

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Drag and drop values in X-axis and Y-axis
A chart will be created

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Practical No : 4
Import data from legacy data structures.
Import the legacy data from different sources such as (Excel, Web, XMl, etc) in PowerBi.
Import the legacy data from different data sources such as (Flat file, Excel, Web, XML, JSON, OData,etc.
Perform the extraction transformation and Loading (ETL) process to load in PowerBi)
Note: Use your data for Flat File ,Excel,Web, XMl,JSON, OData
File for oData - https://services.odata.org/v2/northwind/northwind.svc/
Open Power BI Desktop
Click on Get data

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1. Flat file (.csv)
Save a file with .csv extension
Open Power BI and load the file

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2. CSV file
Download iris.csv file from Google. Select File type Text/CSV from the Get Data window.
Select iris.csv file. Click on Load button
The screen will look like this

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By clicking on Data, you can see iris data set
3. Excel file
Select Excel workbook option from Get Data

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Load Stud_info.xlsx :
4. XML document

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Select XML

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5. OData
File for oData - https://services.odata.org/v2/northwind/northwind.svc/

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6. Web

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7. Json

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Practical No : 5
ETL and Data Modeling in Power BI
Perform Extract , Transformation, Loading process to construct the database in Power BI.
Create a data model for the student database in PowerBI and import data from excel worksheet. Also perform
ETL and prepare data for result analysis.
ETL on Stud_info.xlsx :
Load Stud_info.xlsx :
Now we can click Transform button

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First we need to change the format of student names. For that select Capitalize Each Word from Format of
Transform tab.
Before : After :
Also we need to change the format of the students department. Similar steps need to be followed, but instead
of Capitalize Each Word we need to select UPPERCASE from the Format of Transform tab.
Before : After :

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Now we need to change the Roll Nos from 1-5 to 6433-6437. For that, select the first value of Roll No column
and select Replace Values from the Replace Values of Transform tab.
Enter the value
Before : After :
Repeat the steps. Final values of Roll No column

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We have performed the following transformation on Stud_Info.xlsx
Save the changes

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The transformation is saved successfully and also loaded successfully.
ETL on iris.csv
We can perform several operations, some of them are:

1) Sort by column
2) Data groups

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Choose the value to be grouped
The results will be
We can also change the Currency of value in a column

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3) We can also select the columns to be displayed
4) Split Column

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The results will be
We can now save our work
Now we can click Transform button

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There are several operations that we can perform

1) Transpose
2) Reverse
3) Transform and Upper case
4) Replace value

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Practical No : 6
Creating Reports and Charts in Power BI
Demonstrate the report creation in Power BI for data of any subject. (For ex: Financial Sample and Retail
Data)
1. Perform
Q.1. Load Financial Sample data into the PowerBI

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Q.2. Create the Data Model by relating all the tables if possible

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Q.3. Open Financial Data table for Transformation

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Q.4. Transform ‘Units Sold’ Columns data by changing its data type to whole number
Before: After:

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Q.5. Transform segment column data to uppercase.

Before:
After:
Q.6. Shorten the column name from month name to just month
Before:

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After:
Q.7. The product Montana did not continue last month. So exclude the data of the Montana product from the
table by deselecting the product from the column filter.
Before:

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After:
Q.8. You see that each data transformation has been added to the list Query Settings in Applied Steps.
Q.9. Back on the home tab, select close and apply.

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2. Writing DAX Expressions
Q. Create a new measure named Total Units Sold to add all the numbers in the Unit Sold column.
On the Home ribbon, select New measure
Type the following expression.

Total units sold = SUM(financials[Units Sold])
Select the check mark beside expression box to commit the expression
Go to Home tab → Select a bar chart from Visualizations → Click Total Units Sold from Fields

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3. Create new table in data model
Q. Create a new table named ‘Calendar’ to generate a Calendar table of all dates between January 1 2013, and
December 31, 2014.
Select the Data view on the left
On the Home ribbon, select New table
Type the following expression, in expression box:

Calendar = CALENDAR(DATE(2013,01,01), Date(2014,12,31))

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Select the model view on the left
Update data model to link Finances table Date to Date Table Date.

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4. Add report title as “Executive Summary – Finance Report”
On the Home ribbon, select the Text Box to add title to the report and type “Executive Summary - Finance
Report”.
Select the text you typed. Set the Font Size to 20 and Bold. Resize the box to fit on one line.
Q. To check Profit by Date, add a line chart to see which month and year had the highest profit.
From the Fields pane, drag the Profit field to a blank area on the report canvas. By default, Power BI displays
a column chart with one column, Profit. Drag the Date field to the same visual. If you created a Calendar table
in Extra credit: Create a table in DAX earlier in this article, drag the Date field from your Calendar table
instead. Power BI updates the column chart to show profit by the two years.

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In the Fields section of the Visualizations pane, select the drop-down in the X- axis value. Change Date from
Date Hierarchy to Date.
Power BI updates the column chart to show profit for each month.

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Q. Change the visualization type to Line chart. (In the Visualizations pane change the chart type)
Q. Create a map visual to check the high profit Country or Region.
From the Fields pane, drag the Country field to a blank area on your report canvas to create
a map.
Drag the Profit field to the map.
Power BI creates a map visual with bubbles representing the relative profit of each location.
Compare the bubble size to identify the highest profit country.

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Q. Create a bar chart to check sales by product and segment and determine which companies and segments to
invest in.
Drag the two charts you’ve created to be side by side in the top half of the canvas.
Save some room on the left side of the canvas.
Select a blank area in the lower half of your report canvas.
In the Fields pane, select the Sales, Product, and Segment fields.
Power BI automatically creates a clustered column chart.
Drag the chart so it’s wide enough to fill the space under the two upper charts.

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Q. Add date slicer to the report to check or filter the year wise or month wise data.
In the Fields pane, select the Date field in the Financials table. Drag it to the blank area on the left of the
canvas.
In the Visualizations pane, choose Slicer. Power BI automatically creates a numeric range slicer.
You can drag the ends to filter, or select the arrow in the upper-right corner and change it to a different type of
slicer.

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Date slicer using the DAX table

In the Fields pane, select the Date field in the Calendar table. Drag it to the blank area on the left of the
canvas.
In the Visualizations pane, choose Slicer.
In the Fields section of the Visualisations pane, select the drop-down in Fields. Remove Quarter and Day so
only Year and Month are left.
Expand each year and resize the visual, so all months are visible.

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We’ll use this slicer in the finished report.

Now if your manager asks to see just 2013 data, you can use either slicer to select years, or specific months of
each year.

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5. Format Visuals to give a professional look to your report.
Use View → Change theme to Executive.

Or use format options to change foreground or background colours.

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Practical 7
Creating Dashboards in Power BI
Demonstrate the creation of a dashboard in Power BI for data of any subject.
Open Power BI
Upload the data:

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Go to the Report View
You will see this screen
Under Visualization → Click on Format your report Page

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Under Visualization → Format your report page → Canvas Background → Change the background color.
Insert →Shapes →Rounded Rectangle
Do the formatting as per your need and also set text

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Then create a rounded square shape and do the formatting of it
Create as many as you want

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Now create a new Table in which we will execute all our measures that will be used further in the dashboard.
Under Home Section → Enter Data.
This window will be open, Name: All Measures.
As you can see the new Table with one Column1 is created under Data.

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Right click on Column1 → create a New Measure.
Under New Measure write the DAX Query as shown below. Use the CountRows function of DAX Query to
count the rows in the table.
Total Customer = COUNTROWS('6433_Mall_Customers')
Now again create a new measure and then use the DAX Query to query the data according to it.

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Write the following queries in it.
Male = CALCULATE([Total Customer], '6433_Mall_Customer'[Gender]="Male")
Female = CALCULATE([Total Customer], '6433_Mall_Customer'[Gender]="Female")
% male = DIVIDE([Male],[Total Customer],0)
% female = DIVIDE([Female],[Total Customer],0)

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Check the Total Customer checkbox, a stacked column chart will be displayed as below
Since we want only the value, we will use Card

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Do the formatting and set it into the first square box also add a text into it
Repeat the similar process.

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Add image using the Image option from Insert tab
Place them in right places
Now, click on Clustered Column chart

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Drag and drop the Age column in X-axis and Male and Female measures in Y-axis

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By clicking on a bar, we can find the total no. of customers, no. of male customers and no. of female
customers
Now, add a new page, before that rename our first page as Home
Name the second page as Spending and Income
Copy the above two rounded rectangles from the Home Dashboard and paste it in the Spending and Income
Dashboard. Also select a clustered column chart as we did in the Home page. Select Spending Score(1-100)
column in X-axis and Max of Annual Income (k$). Do the formatting as per need.

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Our Spending and Income Dashboard will look like this.
For navigating between the dashboards, we will now add a Blank Button from Insert tab
Write a text and do the formatting

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Enable the Action option, select Page Navigation for Type and None (because we are adding this button in the
Spending and Income Dashboard itself) in Destination.
Likewise make another button in Spending and Income Dashboard, give it a text named Home, set its action
type as Page Navigation and select Home in Destination
Do the same things in Home Dashboard, be careful while selecting the Destination for each buttons

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Our final Home Dashboard looks like this

For navigating to Spending and Income Dashboard, Ctrl and click the Spending and Navigation button
Our final Spending and Income Dashboard looks like this

For navigating to Home Dashboard, Ctrl and click the Home button

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Practical No : 8
DAX Queries in Power BI
Execute the following DAX queries on food sales data.
Load the necessary datasets
1. Create a measure to display quarter wise sum of sales amount

Previous Quarter Sales =
CALCULATE(SUM(Sales[SalesAmount]),PREVIOUSQUARTER(Calendar[DateKey]))

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Click on Commit
A new measure is created
Go to Report view

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Select a Stacked column chart
Drag and drop the following fields

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2. Create a measure to display Minimum sales amount (Sales Amount)

By similar process, create a new measure with the below DAX query
Minimum Sales Amount = MIN(Sales[SalesAmount])
Similarly make a stacked column chart for minimum sale amount.
We can also display the minimum value using a card visualisation tool.

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3. Create a measure to display maximum sales amount (Sales Amount)

Maximum sales amount = MAX(Sales[Sales Amount])

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4. Display maximum product cost of product.

Max Cost = MAX(Product[UnitCost])
5. Display a measure to count distinct brand names.

Distinct brand = COUNTROWS(DISTINCT('Product'[BrandName]))

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6. Create a measure to display the total of blank values for product manufacturers.
Blank values = CALCULATE(COUNTROWS('Product'), ISBLANK('Product'[Manufacturer]))
Since there is no blank values, the count is null

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Practical No : 9 (30/01/24)
Implementation of Regression Algorithms using Python
Create a BI folder in your drive. Now right click and select Google Colaboratory option
An untitled Google colab notebook will open
Rename it as 6433_DataAnalysisUsingPython

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We can also execute linux commands, the commands should precede an exclamation mark (!)
We can also use file icon to check the directories and files

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Right click on sample_data directory and select upload option to upload a .csv file. Double click on the .csv
file to see its data.
Simple practice:
1. int variable
2. String variable
3. list with integer values

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4. list with string values
5. array
1D array with multiple values:

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1D array with single value:
2D array
Column,row
3D array:
Array,row,column

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reshape() of 1D array
matmul() :
dot() :

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add()
add function
a. Simple Linear Regression

Problem Statement - Given the datasetsal2.csv that has two variables: salary (dependent variable) and
experience (Independent variable) solve the following queries :

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Upload the dataset.
Importing libraries
Loading the csv file

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Extracting dependent and independent variables from the dataset. for x variable, we have taken -1 value since
we want to remove the last column from the dataset and for y variable, we have taken 1 value as a parameter,
since we want to extract the second column and indexing starts from the zero.
Values of x and y :
1. Find out if there is any correlation between two variables: salary and experience.

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2. Find the best fit line for the dataset.

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Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College

100
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3. Demonstrate how the dependent variable is changing by changing the independent variable.
y = mx + c [where m is coefficient or slope and c is intercept]
Method 1:

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Method 2 :
Example of simple linear regression
Example 1
Creating an object named model of LinearRegression() class
fit() method takes the training data as arguments. Used to train a machine learning model on a given dataset.

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intercept_ is the value at which the regression line crosses the y-axis.
coef_ returns an array of the coefficients of the linear regression equation.
score() calculates accuracy of model.
predict() is used to make predictions on new data, based on a trained model. It accepts one argument, the new
data X_new, and returns the learned label for each object in the array.
Pyplot is a submodule of Matplotlib, a Python library used to create data visualisations. Pyplot provides a
number of functions for creating and manipulating plots

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scatter() will create a scatter plot

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Example 2

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Example 3

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b. Multiple Linear Regression
Problem Statement - Given a dataset complist.csv of 50 start-up companies with five main attributes: R&D
Spend, Administration Spend, Marketing Spend, State, and Profit for a financial year, create a model that can
easily determine which company has a maximum profit, and which is the most affecting factor for the profit of
a company.
Upload the dataset:

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Example of multiple linear regression data.csv file
Upload the data.csv file

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Practical No : 10
Problem Statement: Classify the iris species by using the following algorithms. (Given Dataset: iris.csv)
a. Logistic Regression :
Logistic regression is a linear model that can be used to model the probability of a binary outcome. It uses a
sigmoid function to map the linear combination of the input features to a value between 0 and 1, which can be
interpreted as the likelihood of the positive class.
Upload the dataset

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b. K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) :

K-nearest neighbours (KNN) is a non-parametric algorithm that can be used to classify an observation based
on the majority vote of its k closest neighbours in the feature space.
c. Naive Bayes :
Naive Bayes is a probabilistic algorithm that can be used to classify an observation based on the Bayes’
theorem and the assumption of conditional independence among the input features. It calculates the posterior
probability of each class given the observation and chooses the class with the highest probability

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d. Decision Tree :
Decision tree is a hierarchical algorithm that can be used to classify an observation based on a series of rules
derived from the input features. It splits the data into subsets based on the best feature and threshold at each
node, until a leaf node is reached that contains only one class or a predefined minimum number of samples.

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e. Support Vector Machine :

Support vector machine (SVM) is a linear or non-linear model that can be used to classify an observation
based on the maximum margin hyperplane that separates the classes in the feature space. It uses a kernel
function to map the input features to a higher dimensional space where the data is more likely to be linearly
separable.

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Practical No : 11
Implementation of Clustering Algorithms using Python
a. K-Mean Cluster
Given a dataset of Mall_Customers, which is the data of customers who visit the mall and spend there,
implement the k-means clustering algorithm.
Upload the dataset

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b. Agglomerative Clustering
Implement agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm using Python for Mall_customer dataset.The
dataset contains the information of customers that have visited a mall for shopping. So, the mall owner wants
to find some patterns or some particular behaviour of his customers using the dataset information. (Dataset:
Mall_Customers.csv)

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Hindi Vidya Prachar Samiti’s

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College of Arts, Science

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

t.Y.B.Sc. (IT) SEM VI

PAPER rjsUITp603 – business intelligence

Name : Khan Ariba Mohammed Hakim

College seal Sign of Co-Ordinator

1 Data Analysis using Excel 07/12/23

2 What-if Analysis using Excel and Power BI 14/12/23

4 Import data from legacy data structures. 11/01/24

5 ETL and Data Modeling in Power BI 18/01/24

6 Creating Reports and Charts in Power BI 25/01/24

7 Creating Dashboards in Power BI 08/02/24

8 DAX Queries in Power BI 23/02/24

9 Implementation of Regression Algorithms using Python 30/01/24

10 Implementation of Classification Algorithms using Python 23/02/24

11 Implementation of Clustering Algorithms using Python 23/02/24

Data Analysis using Excel

Select a blank sheet

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 1

Enter the below data:

Duplicate Values : The cells will be highlighted having duplicate values.

The result will be

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 2

Less Than… : The cells with less values will be highlighted.

Set the range and select the colour

The result will be

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 3

Similar for Sub2 Marks, Sub3 Marks and Sub4 Marks

The result will be

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 4

Top/Bottom Rules : The highest or the lowest value(s) will be highlighted.

The result will be

Icon Sets : Set of icons to represent the values.

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 5

The result will be

Stacked Bar Chart : This chart is used to compare the values.

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 6

Do the formatting and the result will be

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 7

What-if Analysis Using Excel and Power BI(14/12/23)

1. Goal Seek : This will find the right input value.

Set the values in Goal Seek window

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 8

The result will be

b. Subject and Total

Apply Goal Seek

The result will be

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 9

Enter the below data

Find the total profit

Apply Goal Seek

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 10

The result will be

Enter the below data

Select the value of Total Amount.

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 11

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 12