IV-International Rural Areas and Ecology Congress Within The

Framework of Sustainable Development

(RUDESU2023)
October 05-06, 2023
Girne-Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

CONFERENCE
PROCEEDINGS BOOK
EDITORS
Prof. Dr. Öner DEMİREL
Prof. Dr. Atila GÜL
Prof. Dr. Kağan GÜNÇE
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Seyithan SEYDOŞOĞLU

All rights of this book belongs to IKSAD Publishing House.

Without permission can’t be duplicate or copied.
Authors of chapters are responsible both
ethically and juridically.

ISSUED: 25/10/2025
ISBN: 978-625-367-377-2
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10041278
 4th International Rural Areas Congress Within the Framework of Sustainable Development
(RUDESU2023)
October 05-06, 2023, Kyrenia, T.R.N.C.

4th International Rural Areas Congress Within the

Framework of Sustainable Development
(RUDESU2023)

October, 05-06, 2023

Kyrenia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

CONGRESS SCHEDULE
Face to Face

PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES
Türkiye, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Algeria, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Greece, Georgia,
Hungary, India, Iran, Kosovo, Macedonia, Malaysia, Morocco, Moldova, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines,
Poland, Romania, Ukranie

TOTAL ACCEPTED ARTICLES:

Türkiye: 83
Other Countries: 105
 4th International Rural Areas Congress Within the Framework of Sustainable Development
(RUDESU2023)
October 05-06, 2023, Kyrenia, T.R.N.C.

FRIDAY - 06.10.2023
Ankara Time 14:00-16:00
SESSION-3, HALL-1 / OTURUM-3, SALON-1
MODERATOR: Assoc.Prof.Dr.Muberra PULATKAN
TITLE AUTHORS AFFILIATION
Determinatıon of The Usage Areas of
• Müberra PULATKAN Karadeniz Technical
Rhodothamnus sessilfolius P. Plant in
• Gülcay ERCAN OĞUZTÜRK University (Türkiye)
Landscape

• Necati Yalçın
Some Threatened Endemic Species in Ankara Çankaya University
• Mehmet Tunçer
and Studies on Their Protection (Türkiye)
• Mecit Vural

Understanding the Design Principles of Sakarya University of

• Rüveyda ŞAHİN
Vernacular Architecture: Spatial Analysis of Applied Sciences
• Ahmet Emre DİNÇER
Traditional Safranbolu Houses (Türkiye)

An Architectural Criticism on Contemporary

• Feriha URFALI DOĞU European University of
Housing in North Cyprus- Nicosia by
• Erçim ULUĞ Lefke (TRNC)
Investigating Projection Typology

Investigation of Worship Buildings in Turkey in

• Ayşenur KANDEMİR İstanbul Nişantaşı
the Context of Cultural Heritage: The Case of
• Turgut KALAY University (Türkiye)
İstanbul and İznik

• Meral VURAL
A New Model Proposal In Rural • Pınar ÖZAYAN
Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal
Development: Mudurnu Virtual Museum • Burcu BOSTANCI
University (Türkiye)
Project • Ceren BALMUMCU
• Ayşe Ege YILDIRIM

An Assessment Of The Benefits Of • Mustapha Abdulmumini Near East University

Incorporating Public Art Into Public Spaces • Shabnam Golkarian (TRNC)
Nihade Bensitel
Evaluating The Environmental Impact Of A Drinking Water
Khadija Haboubi 128
Production Plant Using The Life Cycle Assessment Approach
Achraf El Kasmi
Classification Of Second Order Ordinary Differential
Maliha Gohar 129
Equations Using Lambda Symmetries
Emergenc of Polyglot Entrainment in the Hodgkin-Huxley
Rakhshanda Qasim 130
Model
Necati Yalçın
Some Threatened Endemic Species in Ankara and Studies on
Mehmet Tunçer 131
Their Protection
Mecit Vural
Feriha Urfali Doğu An Architectural Criticism on Contemporary Housing in North
132
Erçim Uluğ Cyprus- Nicosia by Investigating Projection Typology
Ayşenur Kandemir Investigation of Worship Buildings in Turkey in the Context of
133
Turgut Kalay Cultural Heritage: The Case of İstanbul and İznik
Meral Vural
Pınar Özayan
A New Model Proposal In Rural Development: Mudurnu
Burcu Bostanci 134
Virtual Museum Project
Ceren Balmumcu
Ayşe Ege Yildirim
Mustapha Abdulmumini An Assessment Of The Benefits Of Incorporating Public Art
136
Shabnam Golkarian Into Public Spaces
Çağla Aydemir Evaluation of Spatial Planning Policies and Practices in Rural
138
Atila Gül Settlements from Past to Present of Türkiye
Bilgin Güner
Environmental Problems in The Sustainability of Medicinal
Emrah Kara
and Aromatic Plants Growing Spontaneously in Nature: 139
Emine Yılmaz
Sultanmurat Region Plateaus
Hüseyin Çeken
G. Funda Gökçe Suitable Growing Environment And Ecological Planning Of
Ömer Öztoprak The 'Walnut Tree' With Geographical Information Systems 141
Öner Demirel Based Multi-Direction Decision Analysis
Modeling the Solar Energy Gain of Buildings with Fuzzy
Gonca Özer Yaman 144
Logic Method
İrem Bekar Loss of Identity in the Interaction of Rural Tourism and
146
Mert Çakır Traditional Housing
Adaptation strategies to herders’ farm intrusion of female-
Umeojiaku, Eucharia Ogechukwu
headed households’ in Enugu-Ezike Agricultural zone in 147
Okoro, John Chukwuma
Enugu state, Nigeria
Αthanasios Sotirios Dounavis Biofuels production in a continuous system from waste
148
biomass valorization
Adaptation strategies to herders’ farm intrusion of female-
Ngwu Blessing Sochima
headed households’ in Nsukka Agricultural zone in Enugu 149
Okoro, John Chukwuma
state, Nigeria.
Fixed points of set-valued mappings in Menger probabilistic
Gopi Prasad 150
metric spaces endowed with an amorphous binary relation
Ajaydesouza V
Vignesh K
Bacterial Endophytes: A Natural Defence Against Collar Rot
Lokesh R 151
Pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii in Brinjal
Sathiya Aravindan V
Sabari Grish P
Okoroegbe, Adaobi Pearl Extension needs of farmers in the sustainable production of
152
Okoro, John Chukwuma future smart foods in Nsukka Agricultural Zone, Enugu State.
Ecology And Restoration Of Natural Heritage In Rural Areas:
Oishi Biswas 153
A Path Towards Sustainable Development
 4th International Rural Areas and Ecology Congress Within The Framework
of Sustainable Development (RUDESU2023)

Ref : RUDESU.23-00008
Topic : Letter of Acceptance 24/09/2023

Dear: "Ayşenur KANDEMİR

Turgut KALAY "

Herewith, the international scientific committee is happy to inform you that the peer-reviewed draft paper
entitled “ Investigation of Worship Buildings in Turkey in the Context of Cultural Heritage: The Case of İstanbul
and İznik” has been accepted for oral presentation as well as inclusion in the conference proceedings of the
4th International Rural Areas and Ecology Congress Within The Framework of Sustainable Development
(RUDESU2023) to be held in Kyrenia-Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus during October 05-06, 2023.

We are looking forward to hearing from you.

With Warmest Regards,

Prof. Dr. Öner DEMİREL

Congress Chair

www.iensci.org/rudesu
iensciconference@gmail.com
 IV-International Rural Areas and Ecology Congress
Within The Framework of Sustainable Development
October 05-06, 2023 / Girne-Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

INVESTIGATION OF WORSHIP BUILDINGS IN TURKEY IN THE CONTEXT OF

CULTURAL HERITAGE: THE CASE OF İSTANBUL AND İZNİK

Research Assistant Ayşenur KANDEMİR* (ORCID: 0000-0002-9558-2984)

İstanbul Nişantaşı University, Faculty of Art and Design, Department of Interior Architecture,
İstanbul-Türkiye
Email: aysenur.kandemir@nisantasi.edu.tr

Research Assistant Turgut KALAY (ORCID: 0000-0002-8532-1203)

Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Interior
Architecture, Kütahya- Türkiye
Email: turgut.kalay@dpu.edu.tr

ABSTRACT
Historically known as Nicea, Iznik is a city with a rich historical and cultural heritage in Turkey.
This city has hosted various kingdoms and empires since prehistoric times. The city has been
home to different religious communities, including Muslims and Christians, for centuries, and
its buildings of worship, such as mosques and churches, have cultural and spiritual significance.
However, despite having similar qualities, these buildings do not receive the same value as the
buildings included in the World Heritage List. However, sustainable cultural heritage
management requires the protection, sustainable use and transfer of cultural heritage to future
generations. In this study, in order to contribute to sustainable cultural heritage management,
firstly, the concept of cultural heritage and the role of the United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in the protection and preservation of cultural heritage
were examined and the buildings on the World Heritage List in Turkey were identified.In
addition, Iznik Hagia Sophia Mosque and the Church of Koimesis, which are among the most
important cultural heritage buildings in Iznik, were selected to be examined. The cultural and
architectural characteristics, plan types and current conditions of these selected worship
structures were examined. Then, they were compared with the Hagia Sophia Mosque and Hagia
Irene Church in Istanbul, which are on the World Heritage List and have the same architectural
features as these buildings. The findings of the comparative analysis of these buildings in terms
of their architectural and cultural significance show that they have the same degree of
importance in terms of cultural heritage. This result highlights the need for further efforts to
preserve and recognize the worship buildings in Iznik and the importance of considering
heritage sites beyond those already designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites to ensure
sustainable cultural heritage management.

Keywords: sustainability, culture, heritage, iznik, worship buildings

133