Physics 1.5 – 1.

8 chapter answers only

Important note: / means divide

Chapter 1.5:

Test yourself:

Q1: O to E.

Q2: Change of shape, and size.

Q3: Draw graph on page no. 34 (figure 1.5.3)

Q4: mass = 200g = 0.2kg
k=?

x = 4cm = 0.04m

F = w = mg = 0.2 x 10 = 2N

K = F/x = 2/0.04 = 200/4 = 50 Nm

Q5: The point at which the load extension graph becomes

non-linear.

Q6: If Helen is pulling in the same direction as Jo and the ring

does not move, then:

Daniel: 140 Jo: 100 Helen: ? Ring status: Not moving

We must subtract Jo’s from Daniel’s to get Helen’s as the ring

is stationary.
140 - 100 = 40
Helen = 40 N
Q7: Opposite direction means subtract so 100 – 50 = 50N.

Q8:

Q9: F1 = 30N F2 = 40N Scale : 10N = 10M

Q10: D

Q11: It will be 20 because for an object to move with

constant speed there should be no resultant. If both forces
are equal there is no resultant.
Q12 (a): F = ma = 1000 x 5 = 5000N

(b) F = ma a = F/M = 15m/s2

Q13 (a): a = s/t = 8/2 = 4m/s2

(b) F = ma
500g = 0.5kg

0.5 x 4 = 2N

Q14 (a): Two surfaces should have contact with each other.
There should be roughs between surfaces.

(b) (i) Reduces motion. (ii) It produces heat and energy.

Q15: Friction force influences forward forces to overcome

the friction the car moves with constant speed when both
forces are equal.

Q16: As the speed increases, centripetal force increases. An

equal but opposite force acts on the apple. When it can not
bear these equal and opposite forces, it will tear off.
Q17: Gravitational force will be less at high orbit due to the
large distance between masses.

Q18: Seasaw is balanced.

Q19: Anti-clockwise:

Moment of 20N Force = 20 x 15 = 300 Nm

Clockwise:

Moment of W = W x 20 = 300

W x 20/20 = 300/20 = 15N

Q20 (c): M x 50 = 100 x 40

Q21: 60 x 0.5 = 20 x 1.5

30 = 30
Q22: w x 3 = 160 x 3 + 120 x 1

W x 3 = 480 + 120
W x 3 = 600
W = 600/3 = 200N

Q23:

Balance a half-metre ruler at its centre, adding plasticine to

one side until it is horizontal. Hang unequal loads m, and m2
from either side of the pivot and alter their distances d1 and
d2 from the centre until the ruler is again balanced. Forces F1
and F2 are exerted by gravity on m1 and m2 and so on the
ruler: the force on 100g is 0.98N. Record the results in a table
and repeat for other loads and
distances.

Q24 (a) at centre point

(b) at centre
Q25 (a) It topples when it's vertical

(b) increase of surface area, lowering the c.g

Q26 (i) unstable (ii) stable (iii) neutral

Exam style questions:

Q1 (a): Take 3 objects with different masses, hang them

through the spring then measure the non-extended spring
length and record it in a table. Measure the length of the
spring by attaching different loads. They record the
measurements on the table. Subsctract original length (non-
extended and extended length) it will be equal to the
extension. Repeat it and find accurate results.

(b)

Q2: x = 22 –
10 = 12cm F = 4N

(a) K = ? K = F/x = 4/12 = 1/3 OR 0.3 N/cm

 (b) F = 6N

(i) X = ? kx = F x = F/K = 6/0.3 = 18 cm

(ii) Final length = 10 + 18 = 28 cm

Q3 (a) (i):

(ii) Resultant force = 12 – 5 = 7N.

(b)
Q4 (a) a = v-u/t = a = ?
A = 5-0/10 = 0.5m/s2

(b) avg. speed = TOTAL D/ TOTAL T = D X Acx (time)2

Avg speed = u + v/2 = 0+5/2 = 2.5 m/s

(c) d = v x t = 2.5 x 10 = 25 M

(d) She stops due to the force of friction

Q5(a): mass is less which affects force hence if the mass is

less then force will be less.

(b) acceleration is more then force will be more as well.

Q6(a) w = mg
W = 500 x 9.8 = 4900N

(b) (i) 25,000 – 4,900 = 20,100N.

(ii) F = ma a = F/M

A = 20,1000/500 = 40.2m/s2

Q8 F = 6400 + 200 = 6600km = 6600000M

(b) Circumference = 2x3.14.6.6x106

= 41.448x106m

(b) v = 2(3.14)r/t
T = 2(3.14)r/v

(c) v = 8km/s = 8000m/s

D = 2(3.14)r = 41.448x106m

T = 41.448x106/8000 = 5181
Q9 (a): A
Moment in A = 25 x 0 = 0

(b) B

Moment in B = between 0 and 5 Nm

(c) C

Moment in C = 25 x 0.2 = 5 Nm

Q10 (a): clockwise moment: 10 x 10 = 100Ncm

(b) anticlockwise moment= 3x30= 90Nm

(c) tip to right

Q11 (a) Make a hole A in the lamina and hang it so it can

swing freely on a nail clamped in a stand. It will come to rest
with its centre of gravity vertically below A. To locate the
vertical line through A, tie a plumb line (a thread and a
weight) to the nail, and mark its position AB on the lamina/
The centre of gravity lies somewhere on AB. Hang the lamina
from another position, C, and mark the plumb line position
CD. The centre of gravity lies on CD and must be at the
intersection of AB and CD. Check this by hanging the lamina
from a third hole. Also, try balancing it at its centre of gravity
on the tip of your forefinger.

Draw this diagram below as well

(b) (i) Decrease

(ii) Decrease

Chapter 1.6:

Test yourself:

Q1 (a) momentum = mv
M = 5 x 10 = 50 kgm/s
(b) M = mv
20/100 = 0.2 m/s

0.2 x 10 = 2kgm/s

(c) 36 x 1000/3600 = 10 m/s

M = mv

M = 100 kgm/s

Q2:

Q3:

Q4: Mg = 50kg

Mb = 300 kg

Vg = 3m/s
Vb = ?
Mb vb = mg vg

300 x vb = 50 x 3

Vb = 150/300 = 0.5 m/s

Q5 (a) Impulse – fx t = 5 x0.02

= 0.1 Ns

(b) Change in P = 0.1 Ns

Q6 M = 1000 kg
V = 24 m/s

U = 0 m/s

T = 1.2 sec

(a) Change in P = mv – mu = 1000 x 24 – 1000 x 0

= 24000 kg m/s
F x t = change in P

F = Change in P/ t

F = 24000 / 1.2 = 20000 N

(b)

Exam-style questions

Q1 (a) p = mv

(b) Momentum of truck before collision

P = 500 x 4 = 2000Ns

(c) momentum of truck b before the collision

P = 1500 x 2 = 3000 kgm/s

(d) Total momentum = total momentum before collision after

collision
2500 + 3000 (500 + 1500)
5000 = 200 x v
V = 5000/2000 = 2.5 m/s

Q2 (a) Initial momentum = 10 x 4 = 40 kgm/s

(b) Final momentum = 10 x 8 = 80 kgm/s

(c) Change in p = 80 – 40 = 40 kgm/s

(d) F x t = Change in P
F = Change in P / t = 40 / 2 = 20 N

€ Impulse = ft = 20 x 2 = 40 kgm/s

Q3 (a): m x v

(b) Backward momentum = 5 x 5000 = 25000 kgm/s

(c) when two or more bodies act on one in a collision, the

total momentum of the bodies remains constant, provided
no external forces act.
(d) Mv = mv
10000 = 5 x 5000
V= 25000/10000 = 2.5m/s

Q4 (a) a = f/m = 50/0.03 = 1666.6 m/s2

(b) Impulse = f x t = 50 x 0.001 = 0.05 kg m/s

(c) a = mv – mu / t
Mv/t = F

0.03 x v/ 0.001 = 50

V = 50 x 0.001/ 0.03 = 0.1667 m/s

(d) 1. By increasing the contact time. 2. By increasing the

force.
Chapter 1.7:

Test yourself:

Q1 (a) K.e to P.E

(b) Heat to Thermal

(c) Heat to internal

Q2 (a) Chemical

(b) Thermal

(c) mechanical (k.e to p.e)

(d) elastic p.e

Q3 (a) k.e = 1/2 mv2

= 1/2 x 1 x 2 = 1J
(b) k.e = 1/2 mv2
1/2 x 2 x 4000

= 4000J

(c) m = 500 kg
V = 72 km/h = 72 x 1000/3600 = 20m/s

K.e = 1/2 mv2

= 1/2 x 500 x 202
= 100 000 J

Q4 (a) K.e = 1/2 mv2

200 = 1/2 x 1 x v2

V2 = 2x100/1 = 400
V2 = 20m/s

(b) Soli. p.e = mg

= 5 x 9.8 x 3
= 147 J
Solid. = 5 x 9.8 x 6 = 294J

Q5 Power = Fd/t = 7x106x10x50/1 = 35x108

= 35 x 108
= 3.5 x 109 WaH

Q6: G.p.e = mg
3 x 9.81 x 6 = 176.8J

Q7: G.p.e = mg
= 51 x 9.81 x 300 = 150093J

Q8: Work done = FD

80 = F x 5
80/5 = F
F = 16N

Q9: Easily available

High density
Easily transferrable
Non-polluting
Easily stored
Easily transported

Q10 (a) six social everyday benefits are Fans, washing

machines, ACs, charging, lighting, and ovens.

(b) (i) Turn off unused lights, using better insulation.

(ii) Using public transport, Recycling the waste.

Q11 Efficiency = output/input x 100%

E = 9/20 x 100% = 45%

Q12 P = work/time = Fd/t = wh/t = 600x10/12 = 500W

Q13 P = Change in E/T = Change in E = 2400 T = 60 sec

P = 2400/60 = 40W

Q14 p = mgh/t = 70x9.8x60/60 = 3433.5

Exam Style Questions:

Q1 (a): electrical to heat

(b) electrical to heat

(c) Sound to electric

Q2 (a) p.e = mgh = 0.1 x 9.8 x 1.8 = 1.76J

(b) gain in k.e = loss in p.e = 1.76J

(c) 1/2 mv2 = k.e

1/2 x 0.1 x v2 = 1.76J
V2 = 1.76x2/0.1 = 35.2 = 5.9 m/s

(d) Height after rebound: 1.25m

Loss in k.e = gain in p.e = mgt = 0.1 x 9.8 x 1.25 = 1.22 J

(e) 1/2 mv2 = k.e

1/2 x 0.1 x v2 = 1.22
V2 = 1.22x2/0.1 = 24.4 = 4.9 m/s
Q3 (a)

(b) p.e at highest point = loss of k.e = 100J

(c) Height = h = ?
Mgh = p.e
0.5 x 9.8 x h = 100
H = 100/0.5 x 9.8 = 1960 M

Q4 (a) Work done in lifting one box =?

W = Fd
= wh
= 100 x 1.5 = 150J

(b) Energy transferred in lifting one box = 150J

(c) P =?
No. of boxes = 4
Time = t = 1 min = 60 sec
P = w/t
= 4x150/60 = 10 watt

Q5 (a) 2%

(b) Wind, solar

(c) That can be used over and over again.

(d) Tidal, Geothermal.

(e) Energy is used at a faster rate, so there is a need to

develop renewable energy.

Q6 (a) (i) readily available, high-density energy

(ii) Limited
Causes pollution
(b) (i) Less pollution
Renewable

(ii) Highly expensive

Uses a lot of space

Q7 (a) Efficiency = input/output

= 300/1000 x 100%
= 0.3 x 100%
= 30%

(b) 70% is lost because 100% - 30% = 70%

(c) into the atmosphere or used to heat the air

Chapter 1.8:

Test yourself:

Q1: To pump the water through the building.

Q2: Water pressure is high at the bottom.

Q3: p = pgh
= 1000x9.81x2=19620 Pa

Q4: P = pgh h = p/pg = 3.0x106/1020x9.8 = 300m

Exam Style Questions:

Q1:
A: T B: T C: T D: F E: T G: T

Q2 (a) (i) P = F/A = W/A = 2000000/2 = 1000Kpa

(ii) P = F/A = W/A = 200000/0.2 = 1000Kpa

(iii) P = F/A = W/A = 0.5 x 1000/ 0.0002 = 2500 Kpa

(b) It is (iii) as it can not withstand over 2000 Kpa and (iii) has
2500 Kpa which is 500 Kpa more.

Q3 (a) F/A = 20/0.2 = 100 Pa

(b) F2 = PA = 100 x 2 = 200 N

(c) Because Liquid can't be compressed, however, gas can.

(d) Transmits pressure, equal in all directions.

Q4 (a) A: T B: T C: F

(b) p = dgh = 1150 x 9.8 x 100 = 1128150 Pa

Q5 (a) Change in P = dg Change in H

(b) Pascals (Pa)

(c) P = duh

H = p/dg = 7.5x106/1030x9.81 = 742.5m

Q6 (a) Vaccum

(b) Air pressure

(c) 74 cm

(d) Reading will fall due to less air pressure at high heights.