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CHAPTER 5
Learning Outcomes: 2

 After studying this chapter, students will be able to:

➢ Define leadership and its branches
➢ Leaders vs Managers
➢ Explain on early leadership theories
➢ List the leadership skills required of successful leaders
➢ Explain leadership styles
➢ Discuss informal vs formal leaderships
Leadership 3

 Theability or capability of an individual to influence

others in order to act in the manner desired of a
leader in achieving the set goals
 Consists of three branches in leading:
a) Leading
b) Motivation
c) Communication
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Early Leadership Theories 7
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Ivans and House Path Goal Theory 13
Leadership Skills 14

Cooperating Understanding Using inner

with others values senses

Understanding Having a
themselves foresight
Leadership Styles 15

 Refers
to the way leaders influence their team
members
 Consists of three leadership styles:
a) Democratic or participative leadership style
b) Authoritarian or dictator leadership style
c) Laissez-faire or free form leadership style
Leadership Styles – Democratic or 16
Participative Leadership Style (Cont..)
a) Democratic or participative leadership
style
➢Decisionsmade by top-level and lower-
level management through negotiations
➢Suitablefor organizations practicing the
decentralization of power
➢Human relations-oriented whereby all
employees are encouraged to provide
their views before the final decision is
made
Leadership Styles – Democratic or 17
Participative Leadership Style (Cont..)
Advantages Disadvantages
• The spirit of team work • Slows down the decision
increases making process
• Employees support the • Reduces accountability
decisions made by them towards the decision
• Increases the tendency to
make a decision that satisfies
all parties although that
decision may not be the
best solution
Leadership Styles – Authoritarian 18

Leadership Style (Cont..)

b) Authoritarian or dictator leadership style
➢Make decisions and act on the decision
individually
➢The enforcement of decisions is through
a rewards and punishments system
➢A one-way communication from leaders
to followers
➢Require obedience and loyalty to
leaders
Leadership Styles – Authoritarian 19

Leadership Style (Cont..)

Advantages Disadvantages
• Decisions can be made • Team members might not
quickly because leaders be satisfied with their
do not have to obtain a leaders’ decision and this
consensus from their team will weaken the spirit of
members team work
Leadership Styles – Laissez-faire or 20

Free Form Leadership Style (Cont..)

c) Laissez-faire or free form leadership style
➢Freedom and autonomy are given to
subordinates to make decisions and act on it
without referring to the leaders
➢Team members use their expertise and knowledge
to make the decision and act upon it
➢Leaders provide advice to team members when
required and determine the team’s direction
Leadership Styles – Laissez-faire 21

or Free Form Leadership Style

(Cont..)
Advantages Disadvantages
• Increase the chances of • Lack of understanding and
career development for unity among employees to
subordinates because perform a task
each employee is given the • Lack of high caliber leaders
opportunity to contribute to will cause team members
organizational activities to lose direction
and to work independently
Formal VS Informal Leadership 22
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