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classification system instead of a dynamic science.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.01
Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology
Learning Objective: 01.01.01 Describe the science of anatomy.
Bloom's: 2. Understand
HAPS Topic: Module A05 Basic terminology.
2
Copyright 2019 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior
written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
4) A scientist who describes the layers of the heart wall and their relationship to the surrounding
pericardium would be a(n)
A) anatomist.
B) physiologist.
C) pathologist.
D) pulmonologist.
Answer: A
Section: 01.01
Learning Objective: 01.01.01 Describe the science of anatomy.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
5) ________ anatomy examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures
as they relate to the skin covering them.
A) Regional
B) Surface
C) Radiographic
D) Surgical
E) Systemic
Answer: B
Section: 01.01
Learning Objective: 01.01.02 List the subdivisions in both microscopic and gross anatomy.
Bloom's: 1. Remember
6) The discipline known as ________ anatomy examines similarities and differences across
species.
Answer: comparative
Section: 01.01
3
7) Which branch of microscopic anatomy is the study of tissues?
A) Histology
B) Cytology
C) Embryology
D) Developmental anatomy
E) Surgical anatomy
Answer: A
Section: 01.01
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology and tissue types.
8) Cytology is a subdivision of gross anatomy.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.01
9) Gross anatomy refers to the study of

A) cells.
B) structures formed by cells.
C) structures not visible to the unaided eye.
D) structures visible to the unaided eye.
E) nasal secretions.
Answer: D
Section: 01.01
4
10) The anatomic changes that result from disease are studied under
A) pathologic anatomy.
B) systemic anatomy.
C) histology.
D) surgical anatomy.
E) developmental anatomy.
Answer: A
Section: 01.01
11) The two main divisions of microscopic anatomy are

A) embryology and parasitology.
B) cytology and histology.
C) comparative anatomy and pathological anatomy.
D) neurobiology and surface anatomy.
Answer: B
Section: 01.01
HAPS Topic: Module D01 Overview of histology and tissue types.
12) When medical students study all of the structures in a particular area of the body as a
unit (for example, all the muscles, blood vessels, and nerves of the leg), that approach is called
A) surface anatomy.
B) comparative anatomy.
C) popliteal physiology.
D) regional anatomy.
E) systemic anatomy.
Answer: D
Section: 01.01
5
13) The scientific discipline that studies the functions of body structures is
A) anatomy.
B) physiology.
C) astronomy.
D) anthropology.
E) archaeology.
Answer: B
Section: 01.01
Learning Objective: 01.01.03 Describe the science of physiology.
14) Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?

A) The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and involuntarily.
B) The walls of blood capillaries are composed of a thin epithelium.
C) The muscles of the thigh are composed of skeletal muscle tissue.
D) There are fenestrations (openings) in the epithelial cells of capillary walls.
E) The esophageal wall includes a middle layer of dense irregular connective tissue.
Answer: A
Section: 01.01
Bloom's: 3. Apply
15) Physiologists use chemistry to understand the workings of the body's organ systems.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.01
16) The discipline that studies the functions of the nervous system, including the way that
impulses are conducted, is known as ________.
Answer: neurophysiology
Section: 01.01
Learning Objective: 01.01.04 List the subdivisions in physiology.
6
17) The discipline that associates changes in organ system function with disease or injury is
known as ________.
Answer: pathophysiology
Section: 01.01
18) Respiratory physiology is primarily the study of

A) cell shape within the alveoli of the lungs.
B) the branching pattern of the small airways of the lungs.
C) the tissue composition of the airways, air sacs, and blood vessels.
D) how gases are transferred between the lungs and the blood vessels supplying them.
Answer: D
Section: 01.01
19) The large surface area of the inside of the small intestine means that this structure is
A) well adapted for its physiological role in absorption.
B) derived from an embryological structure that served a different function.
C) anatomically complex but physiologically simple.
D) maladaptive in that it harbors bacteria.
Answer: A
Section: 01.02
Learning Objective: 01.02.05 Explain how the studies of form and function are interrelated.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
7
20) Some researchers think pheromones are important tools in human communication.
Pheromones are chemical signals that one individual sends to another. What research questions
might be asked by anatomists, and what questions might be asked by physiologists, to determine
if pheromones are important to humans?
Answer: Students might consider that anatomists would look for organs (and cellular
machinery) to transmit pheromones and to receive them. Comparative anatomists might also
look for structures in the brain that are homologous to pheromone processing areas in animals.
Physiologists might study how pheromones are released, received, and processed. These studies
could involve cellular and molecular approaches and would involve multiple organ systems (e.g.,
integumentary and nervous systems).
Section: 01.02
Bloom's: 6. Create
21) Both anatomists and physiologists are aware that form and function are interrelated.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.02
22) The mechanism by which the body propels food through the digestive tract is primarily a
topic of study for
A) anatomists.
B) physiologists.
Answer: B
Section: 01.02
8
23) The term that refers to the ability of organisms to react to changes in the environment is
A) responsiveness.
B) reproduction.
C) metabolism.
D) development.
E) organization.
Answer: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: Examples of homeostatic mechanisms
Learning Objective: 01.04.07 List the characteristics common to all living things.
24) The various chemical reactions that organisms carry out are collectively called
A) reproduction.
B) homeostasis.
C) metabolism.
D) responsiveness.
E) development.
Answer: C
Section: 01.04
25) Homeostasis refers to an organism's ability to regulate its internal environment despite
changes in the external environment.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.04
Topic: Definition of homeostasis
HAPS Topic: Module B01 Definition.
9
26) The category of reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones is
known as
A) anabolism.
B) catabolism.
C) synthesis.
D) homeostasis.
E) enzymatic.
Answer: B
Section: 01.04
HAPS Topic: Module O02 Introduction to Metabolism.
27) The group of metabolic reactions in which smaller molecules are combined to form larger
ones is ________.
Answer: anabolism
anabolic
anabolic reactions
Section: 01.04
HAPS Topic: Module O02 Introduction to Metabolism.
28) The smallest structural unit that exhibits the characteristics of living things is
A) an organ.
B) an individual.
C) tissue.
D) a cell.
E) a system.
Answer: D
Section: 01.04
Topic: Levels of organization
Learning Objective: 01.04.08 Describe the levels of organization in the human body.
HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization.
10
29) Which level consists of related organs that work to achieve a common function?
A) Organ system level
B) Cellular level
C) Tissue level
D) Chemical level
E) Organ level
Answer: A
Section: 01.04
30) At what level of organization is a tooth?

A) Tissue level
B) Cell level
C) Organ level
D) System level
E) Atomic level
Answer: C
Section: 01.04
Bloom's: 3. Apply
31) Which of the following statements accurately describes the organization of structures?
A) Organs are made up of tissues, which are made up of cells, which are made up of organelles
and molecules.
B) Tissues are made up of organs, which are made up of cells, which are made up of individual
atoms.
C) Organisms are made up of tissues, which are made up of organ systems, which are made up of
DNA.
D) Organ systems are made up of cells, which are made up of tissues, which are made up of
organelles.
E) Organs are made up of cells, which are made up of atoms, which are made up of molecules.
Answer: A
Section: 01.04
11
32) Iron atoms help our blood transport oxygen. Describe each level of anatomical structural
complexity for an iron atom in your blood, working from the simplest level (atom) to the most
complex (organism).
Answer: The iron atom helps make up a hemoglobin molecule. The hemoglobin molecule helps
make up a red blood cell. The blood cell helps make blood, a connective tissue. Blood travels
within vessels, which are organs. All of this is part of the cardiovascular system, which helps
make up the person, the organism.
Section: 01.04
Bloom's: 3. Apply
33) A molecule is made up of a combination of two or more atoms.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.04
34) Specialized subunits of cells that are made of macromolecules are called ________.
Answer: organelles
Section: 01.04
35) Which system is responsible for providing protection, regulating body temperature, and
being the site of cutaneous receptors?
A) Respiratory
B) Muscular
C) Integumentary
D) Urinary
E) Nervous
Answer: C
Section: 01.04
Topic: Survey of body systems
Learning Objective: 01.04.09 Compare the organ systems of the human body.
HAPS Topic: Module A07 Survey of body systems.
12
36) The body system that provides support and protection as well as being a site of blood cell
production (hemopoiesis) is the ________ system.
A) skeletal
B) muscular
C) cardiovascular
D) respiratory
E) lymphatic
Answer: A
Section: 01.04
37) The system responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and atmospheric air is
the ________ system.
A) urinary
B) respiratory
C) cardiovascular
D) endocrine
E) nervous
Answer: B
Section: 01.04
38) The organ system that transports and filters interstitial fluid while also participating in
immune responses is the ________ system.
Answer: lymphatic
Section: 01.04
13
39) The pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands are typically grouped within the ________ system.
Answer: endocrine
Section: 01.04
40) Which describes the anatomic position?

A) Body is upright.
B) Palms are facing forward.
C) Thumbs point away from the body.
D) Feet are flat on the floor.
E) All of these apply.
Answer: E
Section: 01.05
Topic: Anatomical position
Learning Objective: 01.05.10 Describe the anatomic position and its importance in the study of
anatomy.
HAPS Topic: Module A01 Anatomical position.
41) Describe the positions of the thumbs and the palms of the hands in the anatomic position.
Answer: Thumbs point out, palms face forward.

Section: 01.05
anatomy.
42) In the anatomic position, the specimen rests horizontally on the examination table and the
arms are extended away from the torso.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.05
anatomy.
14
43) The word ________ implies an imaginary flat surface passing through the body.
A) section
B) plane
C) direction
D) tangent
E) figure
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
Topic: Body planes and sections
Learning Objective: 01.05.11 Describe the anatomic sections and planes through the body.
HAPS Topic: Module A02 Body planes & sections.
44) A plane that passes through the structure at an angle is called

A) frontal.
B) coronal.
C) oblique.
D) sagittal.
E) transverse.
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
45) A(n) ________ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
A) transverse
B) oblique
C) sagittal
D) coronal
E) frontal
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
15
46) Which best defines "superficial"?
A) On the inside
B) On the outside
C) Toward the end of an appendage
D) Close to the attachment of the appendage to the trunk
E) At the head end
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
Topic: Directional terms
Learning Objective: 01.05.12 Define the different anatomic directional terms.
HAPS Topic: Module A04 Directional terms.
47) The directional term that means "away from the midline of the body" is
A) inferior.
B) superior.
C) medial.
D) lateral.
E) caudal.
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
48) The directional term that means "closest to the point of attachment to the trunk" is
A) distal.
B) proximal.
C) medial.
D) cephalic.
E) dorsal.
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
16
49) The directional term that means "in back of" or "toward the back surface" is
A) posterior.
B) caudal.
C) cephalic.
D) anterior.
E) proximal.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
50) The best term for referring to the rear or "tail end" is
A) caudal.
B) cephalic.
C) inferior.
D) superior.
E) lateral.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
51) The head, neck, and trunk make up the ________ region of the body.
A) appendicular
B) axial
C) cephalic
D) caudal
E) thoracic
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
Topic: Body cavities and regions
Learning Objective: 01.05.13 Identify the major regions of the body, using proper anatomic
terminology.
HAPS Topic: Module A03 Body cavities & regions.
17
52) The cranial cavity houses the
A) eyeball.
B) ear canals.
C) brain.
D) spinal cord.
E) nasal structures.
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
terminology.
53) The bones of the vertebral column form a cavity called the
A) nervous system passageway.
B) abdominal cavity.
C) pleural cavity.
D) vertebral canal.
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
terminology.
54) The axillary region is ________ to the pectoral region.

A) lateral
B) medial
C) distal
D) proximal
E) inferior
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
terminology.
18
55) The anatomic term for the cheek is
A) buccal.
B) pelvic.
C) cervical.
D) crural.
E) sacral.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
terminology.
56) The popliteal region is best seen from a(n) ________ view.
A) anterior
B) lateral
C) superior
D) inferior
E) posterior
Answer: E
Section: 01.05
terminology.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
57) What is the anatomic term for the foot?

A) Pubic
B) Patellar
C) Ped
D) Popliteal
E) Acromial
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
terminology.
19
58) Which anatomical term describes the wrist region?
A) Tarsal
B) Carpal
C) Digital
D) Olecranal
E) Perineal
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
terminology.
59) With the subject in the anatomic position, one can best see the dorsum of the manus from
a(n) ________ view.
A) lateral
B) superior
C) inferior
D) posterior
E) anterior
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
terminology.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
60) The primary function of serous fluid appears to be

A) to serve as a lubricant.
B) to provide a stabilizing force.
C) to insulate.
D) to store energy.
E) to provide an attachment surface.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
Learning Objective: 01.05.15 Explain the role of serous membranes in the ventral cavities.
HAPS Topic: Module D06 Membranes (mucous, serous, cutaneous & synovial).
20
61) The anatomic term for the calf is
A) crural.
B) popliteal.
C) tarsal.
D) carpal.
E) sural.
Answer: E
Section: 01.05
terminology.
62) The term "hallux" refers to the

A) little finger.
B) thumb.
C) great toe.
D) lateral-most toe.
E) middle digit.
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
terminology.
63) What is the anatomic term for the hip region?

A) Sternal
B) Coxal
C) Dorsal
D) Crural
E) Sural
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
terminology.
21
64) A professional fighter hit in the mental region might have damage to the
A) jaw.
B) ear.
C) nose.
D) knee.
E) shoulder.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
terminology.
65) "Pollex" refers to the

A) eyebrow.
B) thumb.
C) great toe.
D) little finger.
E) kneecap.
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
terminology.
66) An inguinal hernia is in the region of the

A) umbilicus.
B) groin.
C) calf.
D) thigh.
E) shoulder.
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
terminology.
22
67) Which serous membrane covers the surface of an organ?
A) The parietal layer
B) The visceral layer
C) The muscle layer
D) The dorsal layer
E) The ventral layer
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
68) The mediastinum is within the ventral cavity.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.05
Learning Objective: 01.05.14 Describe the body cavities and their subdivisions.
69) The pleural cavity is the

A) same as the mediastinum.
B) the serous membrane lining the abdomen.
C) space within which the heart sits.
D) potential space between the two serous membranes surrounding a lung.
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
23
70) The limbs of the body are attached to the axis and make up the
A) abdominal region.
B) thoracic region.
C) axial region.
D) appendicular region.
E) antebrachial region.
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
terminology.
71) Explain the spatial relationship between the following: thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity,
ventral cavity, mediastinum.
Answer: The pericardial cavity is a potential space between membranes that reside within the
mediastinum. The mediastinum sits medially within the thoracic cavity. The thoracic cavity is
the superior portion of the ventral body cavity.
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
72) The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the

A) pleural cavity.
B) pericardial cavity.
C) mediastinum.
D) peritoneal cavity.
E) hypochondriac space.
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
24
73) The pericardium is a two-layered serous membrane that
A) encloses the heart.
B) encloses the kidney.
C) encloses a lung.
D) provides lubrication for the knee.
E) covers the small intestine.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
74) The serous fluid that helps in cardiac function is located

A) inside the heart's chambers.
B) between the parietal pericardium and the sternum.
C) in the pericardial cavity, between the parietal and visceral pericardial layers.
D) between the visceral pericardium and the cardiac muscle.
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
75) With a specimen in the anatomic position, you can best see the mediastinum with a(n)
________ view.
A) midsagittal
B) superior
C) inferior
D) frontal
E) posterior
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 3. Apply
25
76) The moist, two-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is called the
A) peritoneum.
B) thoracic diaphragm.
C) synovium.
D) pleura.
E) pericardium.
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
77) Of the nine abdominopelvic regions, the one that is most superior in the middle column is
called the
A) lumbar.
B) umbilical.
C) epigastric.
D) hypogastric.
E) hypochondriac.
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
Learning Objective: 01.05.16 Compare the terms used to subdivide the abdominopelvic region
into nine regions or four quadrants.
78) Which abdominopelvic regions have both a right and a left side?
A) Only the lumbar and iliac
B) Only the hypogastric and hypochondriac
C) The hypochondriac, lumbar, and hypogastric
D) Only the iliac and hypochondriac
E) The lumbar, iliac, and hypochondriac
Answer: E
Section: 01.05
26
79) Lateral to the umbilical abdominopelvic region are the ________ regions.
A) hypochondriac
B) iliac
C) hypogastric
D) epigastric
E) lumbar
Answer: E
Section: 01.05
80) The urinary bladder is found in which abdominopelvic region?

A) Hypogastric
B) Right lumbar
C) Hypochondriac
D) Left iliac
E) Left lumbar
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 3. Apply
81) The appendix is in the right iliac region, and is therefore located in the ________ quadrant.
Answer: right lower

RL
RLQ
Section: 01.05
27
82) The abdominopelvic quadrants are formed by passing one horizontal and one vertical line
through the
A) patellar region.
B) umbilicus.
C) antebrachial region.
D) gluteal region.
E) crural region.
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
28
83) This figure shows an anterior view of a human in the anatomic position. What region does
number 1 indicate?
A) Crural
B) Femoral
C) Brachial
D) Sural
E) Tarsal
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
terminology.
29
84) This figure shows an anterior view of a human in the anatomic position. What region does
number 2 indicate?
A) Carpal
B) Coxal
C) Antecubital
D) Sacral
E) Axillary
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
terminology.
85) This figure shows an anterior view of a human in the anatomic position. Which number
indicates the inguinal region?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
Section: 01.05
terminology.
30
86) This figure shows a frontal view of a human. What does number 1 indicate?
A) Mediastinum
B) Pelvic cavity
C) Peritoneal cavity
D) Pleural cavity
E) Pericardial cavity
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
31
A) Abdominal cavity
B) Pelvic cavity
C) Pleural cavity
D) Pericardial cavity
E) Mediastinum
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
A) Pelvic cavity
B) Pleural cavity
C) Mediastinum
D) Abdominal cavity
E) Cranial cavity
Answer: B
Section: 01.05
32
89) These figures show a frontal view of the abdominopelvic cavities. Which number indicates
the epigastric region?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: A
Section: 01.05
90) These figures show a frontal view of the abdominopelvic cavities. What does number 5
indicate?
A) Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
B) Left lower quadrant (LLQ)
C) Right hypochondriac region
D) Left hypochondriac region
E) Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Answer: E
Section: 01.05
33
91) These figures show a frontal view of the abdominopelvic cavities. Which number indicates
the left iliac region?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: D
Section: 01.05
92) The fact that the structures of cells vary widely reflects the specializations needed for their
different functions.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.02
93) Organs contain two or more tissues that work together to perform specific, complex
functions.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.04
94) The cell is the smallest living portion of the human body.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.04
34
95) Fortunately for science, there is but one single property that defines life.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.04
96) The life characteristic of reproduction may be interpreted at both the cellular and organismal
levels.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.04
Bloom's: 3. Apply
97) The urinary system filters the blood, concentrates waste products, and removes waste
products from the body.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.04
98) The anatomic position allows all observers to have a common point of reference.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.05
anatomy.
99) A coronal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.05
35
100) The chest is superior to the head.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.05
101) The antecubital region is proximal to the carpal region.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 3. Apply
102) The mediastinum is a serous cavity.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 3. Apply
103) The right and left iliac regions are found lateral to the hypogastric region.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.05
104) The lumbar regions are located lateral to the umbilical region.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.05
terminology.
36
105) The level of organization one step more complex than the organ level is the ________ level.
Answer: organ system

Section: 01.04
106) The state of equilibrium, or fairly constant interval environment, in the body is called
________.
Answer: homeostasis
Section: 01.04
Topic: Definition of homeostasis
Learning Objective: 01.06.17 Define the components of a homeostatic system.
HAPS Topic: Module B01 Definition.
107) The ________ reproductive system produces oocytes.
Answer: female
Section: 01.04
108) The antecubital region is ________ to the brachial region.
Answer: distal
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 3. Apply
37
109) The muscular partition that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the
thoracic ________.
Answer: diaphragm
Section: 01.05
110) The hypogastric region is located ________ to the right iliac region.
Answer: medial
Section: 01.05
Bloom's: 3. Apply
111) The control center of a homeostatic mechanism

A) brings about change to the internal environment.
B) integrates sensory input and signals for change as needed.
C) is a change in the external environment.
D) detects a change in a variable that is being regulated.
Answer: B
Section: 01.06
Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms
HAPS Topic: Module B02 General types of homeostatic mechanisms.
112) Sensory nerves that detect changes in a variable that is being regulated comprise the
________ of the control mechanism.
Answer: receptor
receptors
Section: 01.06
38
113) The part of the homeostatic control mechanism that brings about change is the
A) control center.
B) stimulus.
C) effector.
D) receptor.
Answer: C
Section: 01.06
114) In a homeostatic control mechanism, the receptor detects changes in the environment and
relays that information to the ________.
Answer: control center

Section: 01.06
115) When you are exposed to bright light, a reflex is initiated and the muscles of your iris
contract to decrease your pupil size. The iris muscles are acting as a(n)
A) effector.
B) control center.
C) receptor.
D) positive feedback.
Answer: A
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.18 Be able to recognize each of the components in representative
system. systems.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
HAPS Topic: Module B03 Examples of homeostatic mechanisms.
39
116) When you are exposed to bright light, a reflex is initiated and your iris constricts to
decrease pupil size. Which structure serves as a receptor in this system?
A) The retina
B) The iris
C) The eyelid
D) The brain's visual cortex
Answer: A
Section: 01.06
system. systems.
Bloom's: 3. Apply
117) Which of the following choices places the components of a homeostatic control system in
proper order?
A) Effector, control center, stimulus, receptor
B) Stimulus, receptor, control center, effector
C) Receptor, effector, control center, stimulus
D) Stimulus, control center, effector, receptor
E) Receptor, control center, stimulus, effector
Answer: B
Section: 01.06
system. systems.
118) Define the term "negative feedback."
Answer: Negative feedback is a system of homeostatic control in which the output counters the
input stimulus so that the physiological variable stays relatively constant.
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.19 Define negative feedback.
40
119) The normal level at which a physiological variable is maintained is known as its
A) stimulus.
B) control center.
C) negative feedback.
D) set point.
E) effector.
Answer: D
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.19 Define negative feedback.
120) The central nervous system acts as the control center for the regulation of blood calcium
and blood glucose.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.20 Explain how homeostatic mechanisms regulated by negative
feedback detect and respond to environmental changes.
121) If your body temperature starts to decline, your body responds by exciting skeletal muscles
so that you shiver and your temperature returns to normal. This is an example of negative
feedback.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.06
41
122) If carbon dioxide levels rise in the body, negative feedback mechanisms will trigger
A) an increase in breathing so that carbon dioxide levels decline to the set point.
B) an increase in breathing so that carbon dioxide levels rise further above set point.
C) a decrease in breathing so that carbon dioxide levels rise to the set point.
D) a decrease in breathing so that carbon dioxide levels decline below set point.
Answer: A
Section: 01.06
123) The reinforcement of a stimulus so that a climax is reached is known as ________.
Answer: positive feedback

Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.21 Define positive feedback.
124) The term "positive feedback" means that the outcome of the system is a good one.
Answer: FALSE
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.21 Define positive feedback.
125) If someone speaks too loudly into a microphone, a public address system will sometimes
produce a loud whistle of amplified feedback. Explain whether this is an example of negative or
positive feedback, and explain how the microphone, control box, and speaker of the system serve
as the different components of a feedback loop.
Answer: This is an example of positive feedback, where the mic is a receptor (it receives the
input), the control box is a control center (it has knobs to adjust settings), and the speaker is an
effector (it ultimately produces the sound).
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.22 Describe the actions of a positive feedback loop.
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
42
126) In the positive feedback mechanism governing breastfeeding, the mammary glands of the
breast serve as the
A) control center.
B) receptor.
C) effector.
D) set point.
Answer: C
Section: 01.06
Learning Objective: 01.06.22 Describe the actions of a positive feedback loop.
127) Disease is often considered the result of

A) negative feedback.
B) failure of homeostatic systems.
C) maintenance of set point.
D) feedback loops.
Answer: B
Section: 01.07
Learning Objective: 01.07.23 Explain the general relationship of maintaining homeostasis to
health and disease.
HAPS Topic: Module B05 Predictions related to homeostatic imbalance, including disease
states & disorders.
128) Damage to the heart can cause inadequate blood circulation, which can lead to more
damage to the heart. This is an example of a positive feedback cycle.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.07
health and disease.
states & disorders.
43
129) Diagnosing a disease involves determining the
A) cause of the homeostatic imbalance.
B) multiple side effects of a drug.
C) effector and the set point.
D) negativity of the feedback.
Answer: A
Section: 01.07
health and disease.
states & disorders.
130) For better retention of material, it is better to break up study sessions into multiple smaller
chunks (e.g. 30 minutes each) rather than fewer, longer sessions (e.g. several hours each).
Answer: TRUE
Section: 01.03
Learning Objective: 01.03.06 Describe best practices for studying anatomy and physiology
effectively.
131) Which of the following is an example of a best practice for effectively studying anatomy
and physiology material?
A) Explaining a concept to a study partner
B) Study by exclusively reading and re-reading the material
C) Wait until a day or two before the test before studying
D) Study in fewer, longer sessions as compared to numerous, shorter sessions
Answer: A
Section: 01.03
Learning Objective: 01.03.06 Describe best practices for studying anatomy and physiology
effectively.
44
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Test Bank for Anatomy and Physiology, 1st Edition:

Human Anatomy McKinley 3rd Edition Test Bank

Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology An Integrative

Test Bank for Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 8th

Test Bank for Human Anatomy 5th Edition By McKinley

8) Cytology is a subdivision of gross anatomy.

9) Gross anatomy refers to the study of

11) The two main divisions of microscopic anatomy are

14) Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?

18) Respiratory physiology is primarily the study of

30) At what level of organization is a tooth?

33) A molecule is made up of a combination of two or more atoms.

40) Which describes the anatomic position?

Answer: Thumbs point out, palms face forward.

44) A plane that passes through the structure at an angle is called

54) The axillary region is ________ to the pectoral region.

57) What is the anatomic term for the foot?

60) The primary function of serous fluid appears to be

62) The term "hallux" refers to the

63) What is the anatomic term for the hip region?

65) "Pollex" refers to the

66) An inguinal hernia is in the region of the

68) The mediastinum is within the ventral cavity.

69) The pleural cavity is the

72) The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the

74) The serous fluid that helps in cardiac function is located

80) The urinary bladder is found in which abdominopelvic region?

Answer: right lower

101) The antecubital region is proximal to the carpal region.

102) The mediastinum is a serous cavity.

Answer: organ system

107) The ________ reproductive system produces oocytes.

108) The antecubital region is ________ to the brachial region.

111) The control center of a homeostatic mechanism

Answer: control center

118) Define the term "negative feedback."

123) The reinforcement of a stimulus so that a climax is reached is known as ________.

Answer: positive feedback

127) Disease is often considered the result of

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