SUMMER HOLIDAYS HOMEWORK

CLASS- XII (2024-25)

SUBJECT: ACCOUNTANCY (055)

ASSIGNMENT
CH-1 ACCOUNTING FOR PARTNERSHIP FIRMS-FUNDAMENTALS
General Instructions:
1. Revise the syllabus covered till date.
2. Do the given assignment in Accountancy register.

Multiple Choice Questions

Q1. Amit, Sumit and Kiara are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio 2:2:1. Sumit is
entitled to a commission of 15% on the net profit after charging such commission. The net profi
before charging commission is Rs 9,20,000. The amount of commission payable to Sumit will b

(A) Rs 1,20,000 (B) Rs 1,38,000

(C) Rs 48,000 (D) Rs 55,200

(Delhi Set-I)
Read the following hypothetical situation and answer Question Nos. 2 and 3 on the basis of
the same.
Nitya, Shreya and Ishita are partners in a firm. They share profits in the ratio of 5:3: 2. Their
fixed capitals are Rs. 1,80,000; Rs. 1,60,000 and Rs. 2,00,000 respectively. For the year
ending 31 March, 2022, Nitya withdrew Rs. 7,500 at the end of every quarter.

Q 2. The average number of months for which interest on drawings will be calculated, will be:
(A) 3 ½ months (B) 4½ months
(C) 7 ½ months (D) 6 months
(Delhi Set-I)

Q 3. The partnership deed provided that interest on capital will be allowed @ 10% p.a. The
amount of interest on Ishita’s capital will be:
(A) Rs. 18,000 (B) Rs. 16,000
(C) Rs. 20,000 (D) Rs. 10,000
(Delhi Set-I)
Q 4. Abhay and Ravi were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio 2:1. During
the year, Abhay withdrew Rs. 6,000 in the beginning of each month. Interest on drawings is to
be charged at 6% p.a. The average period for the calculation of interest on drawings will be:
(A) 6 months (B) 6.5 months
(C) 5.5 months (D) 4.5 months
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)
Q 5. Rita and Usha were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:5. During
the year Usha withdrew Rs. 15,000 at the end of each month. Interest on drawings is to be
charged @ 8% p.a. The average period for the calculation of interest on drawings will be:
(A) 4.5 months (B) 6 months
(C) 6.5months (D) 5.5 months
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 6. Anu, Bindu and Siya were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:2:1.
Siya was guaranteed that her share of profit will not be less than Rs. 50,000. The firm’s profit fo
the year ended 31st March, 2022 was Rs. 2,00,000. The amount of deficiency to be borne by A
was:
(A) Rs. 10,000
(B)
(D) Rs
Rs.. 5,000
2,500
(C) Rs. 75,000
(Delhi Set-II 2023)

Q 7. Suchi and Ruchi were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses equally. Throughout the
year Ruchi withdrew Rs. 12,000 in the middle of each month. Interest on drawings is to be
charged @ 6% p.a. as per partnership agreement. The average period for calculation of interes
drawings will be:
(A) 6.5 months
(B)
(D) 6
1 months
month
(C) 5.5 months (Delhi Set-II 2023)

Assertion and Reason Type Questions

Q 8. Assertion (A): Partnership is the relation between persons who have agreed to share the
profits of the business carried on by all or any of them acting for all.
Reason (R): If a partner carries on any business of the same nature and competing with that o
firm, he/she shall account for and pay to the firm all profit made by him/her in that business.
Choose the correct option from the following:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(Delhi Set-I 2023)
Q 9. Assertion (A): Under the fluctuating capital method, the balance in the capital account
fluctuates from time to time.
Reason (R): Under the fluctuating capital method, all the adjustments such as share of profit
and loss, interest on capital, drawings, interest on drawings etc. are recorded directly in the
capital accounts of the partners.
(A) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 10. Ram and Mohan were partners with fixed capitals of Rs. 3,00,000 and Rs. 2,00,000
respectively. As per their partnership deed, interest on capital was allowed @ 10% p.a. Net pro
for the year ended 31st March, 2022 was 30,000. The amount of interest on capital was credite
each partner’s current account for the year ended 31st March, 2022 was:

(A) Ram Rs. 30,000 and Mohan Rs. 20,000 (B) Ram Rs. 20,000 and Mohan Rs. 10,000

(C) Ram Rs. 18,000 and Mohan Rs. 12,000 (D) Ram Rs. 30,000 and Mohan Nil
(Delhi Set-II 2023)

Short Answer Type Questions

Q 11. P, Q and R are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. For
the year ended 31st March, 2022, interest on capital was credited to them @10% p.a. Instead o
5% p.a. Their fixed capitals were Rs. 2,00,000; Rs. 1,00,000; Rs. 50,000 respectively.
Pass the necessary adjustment entry to rectify the error.
(Delhi Set-I 2023)
Q 12. Asha, Disha and Raghav were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:3:1.
According to the partnership agreement, Raghav was guaranteed an amount of Rs. 40,000 as
share of profits. The net profit for the year ended 31st March, 2022 amounted to Rs. 1,20,000
Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account of the firm for the year ended 31st March, 2022
(Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 13.Akhil and Nikhil were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3: 2. Their fixed
capitals were Rs. 1,00,000 and Rs. 80,000 respectively. Interest on capital was agreed @ 6% p
Nikhil was to be allowed an annual salary of Rs. 9,200. During the year 2021-22, the net profit p
to the calculation of interest on capital but after charging Nikhil’s salary amounted to Rs. 1,20,0
Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account of the firm for the year ending 31st March, 2022
(Delhi Set-I 2023)
Q 14. Mohan, Sohan and Suresh were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:2:1. Su
was guaranteed a profit of Rs. 70,000. Any deficiency on account of guarantee to Suresh was
t borne by Mohan and Sohan in 3:2 ratio. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31.3.2022
amounted to Rs. 2,00,000. Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account of the firm for the
year ended 31.3.2022.
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)
 Long Answer Type Questions

Q 15.Jay, Vijay and Karan were partners of an architect firm sharing profits in the ratio of

2 : 2 : 1. Their partnership deed provided the following :

(i) A monthly salary of Rs. 15,000 each to Jay and Vijay.

(ii) Karan was guaranteed a profit of Rs. 5,00,000 and Jay guaranteed that he will earn an annu
fee of Rs. 2,00,000. Any deficiency arising because of guarantee to Karan will be borne by Jay
and Vijay in the ratio of 3 : 2. During the year ended 31st March, 2018 Jay earned fee of
Rs. 1,75,000 and the profits of the firm amounted to Rs. 15,00,000.
Showing your workings clearly prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account and the Capital
Account of Jay, Vijay and Karan for the year ended 31st March, 2018. (CBSE 2019)

Q 16. Ajay, Binay and Chetan were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 3 : 2. The
Partnership Deed provided for the following:
(i) Salary of Rs. 2,000 per quarter to Ajay and Binay.

(ii) Chetan was entitled to a commission of Rs. 8,000

(iii) Binay was guaranteed a profit of Rs. 50,000 p.a.

The profit of the firm for the year ended 31st March, 2015 was Rs. 1,50,000 which was
distributed among Ajay, Binay and Chetan in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1, without taking into
consideration the provisions of Partnership Deed. Pass necessary rectifying entry for the above

adjustments in the books of the firm. Show your workings clearly. (Delhi 2016 C)

Q 17. Ankur, Bhavans and Disha are partners in a firm. On 1st April, 2022, the balance in their
Capital Accounts stood at Rs. 14,00,000, Rs. 6,00,000 and Rs. 4,00,000 respectively. They
shared profits in the proportion of 7 : 3 : 2 respectively. Partners are entitled to interest on capit
@ 6% per annum and salary to Bhavna@ Rs. 50,000 p.a. and a commission of Rs. 3,000 per
month to Disha as per the provisions of the partnership Deed. Bhavna's share of profit (excludi
interest on capital) is guaranteed at not less than Rs. 1,70,000 p.a. Disha's share of profit
(including interest on capital but excluding commission) is guaranteed at not less
than Rs. 1,50,000 p.a. Any deficiency arising on that account shall be met by Ankur. The profit
of the firm for the year ended 31st March, 2023 amounted to Rs. 9,50,000.
Prepare Profit and Loss Appropriation Account for the year ended 31st March, 2023.

(AI 2013, MODIFIED)

Q 18.The partners of a firm, Alia, Bhanu and Chand distributed the profits for the year ended
31st March, 2017, Rs. 80,000 in the ratio of 3 : 3 : 2 without providing for the following
adjustments:
(a) Alia and Chand were entitled to a salary of Rs. 1,500 each p.a.
(b) Bhanu was entitled for a commission of Rs. 4,000.
(c) Bhanu and Chand had guaranteed a minimum profit of ` 35,000 p.a. to Alia any deficiency
to borne equally by Bhanu and Chand.
Pass the necessary Journal entry for the above adjustments in the books of the firm. Show
workings clearly. (CBSE Sample paper 2018)

PROJECT WORK
Topic
One specific project based on financial statement analysis of a company covering any two
aspects from the following:
1. Comparative and common size financial statements

2. Accounting Ratios
3. Segment Reports

4. Cash Flow Statements

Guidelines
Each student will prepare and submit his/her project report.
Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission.
1. The total project will be in a file format, consisting of the recordings of the value of
shares and the graphs.
2. The project will be handwritten.
3. The project will be presented in a neat folder.
4. The project report will be developed in the following sequence

Cover page should project the title, student information, school and year.
List of contents
Acknowledgements and preface (acknowledging the institution, the news papers read, T.V.
channels viewed, places visited and persons who have helped).
Certification
Introduction
Topic with suitable heading.
Preparation of proper financial statements as per the project requirements of the project
Graphical presentation of the data
Observations and findings of the visit.
Conclusions (summarised suggestions or findings, future scope of study).
Photographs (if any).
Appendix
Teacher’s observation.
Signatures of the teachers.
 SUMMER HOLIDAYS HOMEWORK
CLASS- XII (2024-25)
SUBJECT: ECONOMICS (030)

ASSIGNMENT
CH-1 CIRCULAR FLOW OF INCOME
CH 5 MONEY & CH 6 BANKING:COMMERCIAL BANKS AND THE CENTRAL BANK

General Instructions:
1. Revise the syllabus covered till date.
2. Do the given assignment in Economics register.

Q.1 Money supply is a ____________ concept.

(a) Stock (b) Flow

(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)

Q.2 Which one of these is a limitation of the barter exchange?

(a) Lack of double coincidence of wants (b) Lack of store of value

(c) Lack of common measure of value (d) Lack of transfer of value

Q. 3 Who regulates money supply?

(a) Government of India (b) Reserve Bank of India

(c) Commercial Banks (d) Planning Commission

Q. 4 The ratio of total deposits that a commercial bank has to keep with Reserve Bank of India is
called:
(a) Statutory liquidity ratio (b) Deposit ratio
(c) Cash reserve ratio (d) Legal reserve ratio

Q. 5 Which of the following is a flow ?

(a) Deposits in a bank (b) Capital
(c) Depreciation (d) Wealth
Q.6 What is a barter system? What are its drawbacks?

Q.7 Define money supply and explain its components.

Q.8 Explain the process of money creation by commercial banks, giving a numerical example.

Q. 9 Explain the functions of central bank.

Q. 10 What are the different phases of a circular flow of income?

Q. 11 Explain circular flow of income in a two sector economy.

Q. 12 Distinguish between stocks and flows. Give an example of each.

PROJECT WORK

Guidelines for economics project work:

The objectives of the project work are to enable learners to:

• probe deeper into theoretical concepts learnt in classes XII
• analyse and evaluate real world economic scenarios using theoretical constructs and
arguments
• demonstrate the learning of economic theory
• follow up aspects of economics in which learners have interest
• develop the communication skills to argue logically

The expectations of the project work are that:

• project should be of 3,500-4,000 words (excluding diagrams & graphs), hand-written

• it should be an independent, self-directed piece of study
Scope of the project:
Learners may work upon the following lines as a suggested below :

Choose a title/topic
Collection of the research material/data
Organisation of material/data
Present material/data
Analysing the material/data for conclusion
 Draw the relevant conclusion
Presentation of the Project Work

Checklist:
• Index
• Certificate
• Acknowledgement
• Introduction of topic/title
• Identifying the causes, consequences and remedies
• Various stakeholders and effect on each of them
• Advantages and disadvantages of situations or issues identified
• Short-term and long-term implications of economic strategies suggested in the course of resear
• Validity, reliability, appropriateness and relevance of data used for research work and for
presentation in the project file
• Presentation and writing that is succinct and coherent in project file
• Citation of the materials referred to, in the file in footnotes, resources section, bibliography etc.

As per CBSE guidelines, students of Class XII have to submit a project on any one of the
following topics:
TOPICS:
• Micro and Small Scale Industries
• Food Supply Channel in India
• Contemporary Employment situation in India
• Disinvestment policy of the government
• Goods and Services Tax Act and its Impact on GDP
• Health Expenditure (of any state)
• Human Development Index
• Inclusive Growth Strategy
• Self-help group
• Trends in Credit availability in India
• Monetary Policy Committee and its functions
• Role of RBI in Control of Credit
• Government Budget & its Components
• Trends in budgetary condition of India
• Exchange Rate determination – Methods and Techniques
• Currency War – reasons and repercussions
• Livestock – Backbone of Rural India
• Alternate fuel – types and importance
• Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan – Cost Ratio Benefits
• Golden Quadrilateral- Cost ratio benefit
• Minimum Support Prices
• Relation between Stock Price Index and Economic Health of a Nation
• Waste Management in India – Need of the hour
• Minimum Wage Rate – Approach and Application
• Digital India- Step towards the future
• Rain Water Harvesting – A solution to water crisis
• Vertical Farming – An alternate way
• Silk Route- Revival of the past
• Make in India – The way ahead
• Bumper Production- Boon or Bane for the farmer
• Rise of Concrete Jungle- Trend Analysis
• Organic Farming – Back to the Nature
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat
• e-Rupee (e- ₹)
• Sri Lanka’s Economic Crisis
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s)
• Environmental Crisis
• Comparative Study of Economies(Maximum three economies)
• New Education Policy (NEP) 2020: A Promise for a New Education System
• G-20: Inclusive and Action Oriented
• Amrit Kaal: Empowered and Inclusive Economy
• Cashless Economy
• Any other newspaper article and its evaluation on basis of economic principles
 SUMMER HOLIDAYS HOMEWORK
CLASS- XII (2024-25)
SUBJECT: BUSINESS STUDIES (054)

ASSIGNMENT
CH-1 NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF MANAGEMENT &
CH 2 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
General Instructions:
1. Revise the syllabus covered till date.
2. Do the given assignment in Business Studies register.

Multiple Choice Questions

Q 1. Different organisations have different goals. 'Zeepo' is an upcoming retail chain for providin
consumer goods door-to-door, the objective of this organisation is to increase sales. 'Allie' is an
educational organisation working with an objective of providing education to under privileged
children of the society. Management of each of these organisations unite the efforts of their
employees towards achieving organisational goals.
The characteristic of management discussed above is:
(A) Management is goal-oriented.
(B) Management is a continuous process.
(C) Management is a dynamic function.
(D) Management is an intangible force. (Delhi set- I 2023)

Q 2. Akash works as a production manager in 'Elite Enterprises' manufacturing LED lights. Due
to festive season,
there is lot of demand for their lights. Akash was given the task of producing 100 units of LED
lights @ Rs 200 per unit within 5 days for an urgent order. Akash was able to achieve the target
100 units of LED lights within 5
days @ Rs 220 per unit.
Identify from the following whether Akash is:
(a) Efficient only (b) Effective only
(c) Both efficient and effective (d) Neither efficient nor effective
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)
Q 3. Which of the following features of Management as an Art' highlights that every manager
applies his knowledge of principles in his own way to deal with a given situation?
(a) Ethical code of conduct (b) Existence of theoretical
knowledge (d) Universal Validity
(c) Personalised application
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 4. 'Mrs. J.K. Computers' is a small organisation engaged in assembling of computers. In this

organisation, decision
making rests with top management while the middle level is involved in only the implementation
of plans. On the other hand, Progressive Computers Ltd.' is a large company where a number o
people from each level are involved in the decision-making process.
The application of the principle of "Centralisation and Decentralisaton' is different in the two
organisations as the
situation in each enterprise is not same.
From the following identify the nature of principles of management:
(a) Mainly Behavioural (b) Contingent
(c) Flexible (d) Universal
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 5. The management of a bag manufacturing company has recently changed. Due to this, an
improvement can be
felt in the way company functions.
Now, targets are met according to plans, whereas, earlier deadlines were never given importanc
Now there is
orderliness, instead of chaos in the organisation and the employees are happy and satisfied.
From the following identify the characteristic of management which is highlighted in the above
case:
(a) Management is dynamic. (b) Management is a continuous process.
(c) Management is a group activity. (d) Management is an intangible force.
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 6. In an organisation, coordination is the function of every manager. Top level managers need
to coordinate with
their subordinates to ensure that the overall plans of the organisation are duly carried out. Middle
level managers
coordinate with both the top level and the supervisory level managers. Supervisory level manage
coordinate
the activities of workers to ensure that work proceeds according to plans.
The characteristic of coordination discussed in the above para is:
(a) Coordination is a continuous process.
(b) Coordination is a deliberate function.
(c) Coordination is the responsibility of all Managers.
(d) Coordination integrates group efforts (Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)
 Short Answer Type Questions

Q 7. The students of Class XII of 'NK Senior Secondary School' visited the factory of 'Jaipur
Exports Private Limited', a company manufacturing readymade garments. They observed that
different workers were allocated differenttasks like cutting the fabric as per specification, stitchin
dresses, putting buttons, ironing the finished dresses, packing them and putting labels. The Chie
Executive Officer told the students that this results in efficient and effective output. They also
observed orderliness in the factory as there was a fixed place for everything and it was present
there.

The students later discussed with their Business Studies teacher and understood that principles
management
given by Fayol were being followed in the factory.
Identify and explain the two principles of management that have been discussed in the above
case.
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Long Answer Type Questions

Q 8. Explain the following techniques of scientific management: (i) Differential Piece wage
system (ii) Time Study (iii) Method Study
(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 9. Explain the following principles of management given by Taylor:

(i) Science, not rule of Thumb (ii) Harmony, not discord (iii) Development of each and every
person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity
(Outside Delhi Set-II 2023)
Q 10.Explain: (i) General Guidelines' as a feature of principles of management, (ii) Providing
managers with useful insights into reality and fulfilling social responsibilities as significance of
principles of management. (Delhi set- I 2023)

Q 11. Explain 'Harmony. Not Discord' as a principle and 'Motion-Study' as a technique of

scientific management. (Delhi set- II 2023)

Q 12. Explain 'Universal Applicability' as a feature of principles of management and: (i) Optimum
Utilisation of resources and effective administration and (ii) Scientific decisions, as significance
of principles of management.
(Delhi set- II 2023)

Q13. Explain 'Co-operation, Not Individualism' as a principle and 'Fatigue Study' as a technique
of scientific management. (Delhi set- II 2023)

Q 14. Explain any three points that highlight the importance of 'Management’.

(Outside Delhi Set-I 2023)

Q 15. Explain any three points that highlight the importance of 'Co- ordination'.
(Outside Delhi Set-II 2023)

Q 16. Explain any three points that highlight the importance of 'Principles of Management.

(Outside Delhi Set-III 2023)

PROJECT WORK

As per CBSE guidelines, students of Class XII are supposed to select one unit out of four
and are required to make only ONE project from the selected unit. (Consist of one project
20 marks)

Presentation and Submission of Project Report

Each student will prepare and submit his/her project report.

Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission.
1. The total length of the project will be of 25 to 30 pages.
2. The project should be handwritten.
3. The project should be presented in a neat folder.
4. The project report should be developed in the following sequence.

● Cover page should include the title of the Project, student information, school and year.
● List of contents.
● Acknowledgements and preface (acknowledging the institution, the places
● visited and the persons who have helped).
● Introduction.
● Topic with suitable heading.
● Planning and activities done during the project, if any.
● Observations and findings of the visit.
● Conclusions (summarized suggestions or findings, future scope of study).
● Photographs (if any).
● Appendix
● Teacher’s observation.
● Signatures of the teachers.
I. Project One: Elements of Business Environment
The students should select any one element of the following:

1. Changes witnessed over the last few years on mode of packaging and its economic
impact.
The students should identify the following changes:
a) The changes in transportation of fruits and vegetables such as cardboard crates being
used in place of wooden crates, etc. Reasons for above changes.
b) Milk being supplied in glass bottles, later in plastic bags and now in tetra-pack and
through vending machines.
c) Plastic furniture [doors and stools] gaining preference over wooden furniture.
d) The origin of cardboard and the various stages of changes and growth.
e) Brown paper bags packing to recycled paper bags to plastic bags and cloth bags.
f) Re use of packaging [bottles, jars and tins] to attract customers for their products.
g) The concept of pyramid packaging for milk.
h) Cost being borne by the consumer/manufacturer.
i) Packaging used as means of advertisements.

2. The reasons behind changes in the following:

Coca – Cola and Fanta in the seventies to Thums up and Campa Cola in the eighties to
Pepsi and Coke in nineties.

The students must study the times when India sold Coca Cola and Fanta which were being
manufactured in India by the foreign companies.
The students should enquire about

a) Reasons of stopping the manufacturing of the above mentioned drinks in India THEN.
b) The introduction of Thums up and Campa cola range.
c) Re entry of Coke and introduction of Pepsi in the Indian market.
d) Factors responsible for the change.
e) Other linkages with the above.
f) Leading brands and the company having the highest market share.
g) Different local brands venturing in the Indian market.
h) The rating of the above brands in the market.
i) The survival and reasons of failure in competition with the international brands.
j) Other observations made by the students
3. Changing role of the women in the past 25 years relating to joint families, nuclear
families, women as a bread earner of the family, changes in the requirement trend of
mixers, washing machines, micro wave and standard of living.

4. The changes in the pattern of import and export of different Products.

5. The trend in the changing interest rates and their effect on savings.
6. A study on child labour laws, its implementation and consequences.

7. The state of ‘anti plastic campaign,’ the law, its effects and implementation.
8. The laws of mining /setting up of industries, rules and regulations, licences required

for running that business.

9. Social factors affecting acceptance and rejection of an identified product. (Dish
washer, Atta maker, etc)
 10. What has the effect of change in environment on the types of goods and services?
The students can take examples like:
a) Washing machines, micro waves, mixers and grinder.
b) Need for crèche, day care centre for young and old.
c) Ready to eat food, eating food outside, and tiffin centres.
11. Change in the man-machine ratio with technological advances resulting in change
cost structure.
12. Effect of changes in technological environment on the behaviour of employee.

II. Project Two: Principles of Management The students are required to visit any
one of the following: 1. A departmental store. 2. An Industrial unit.
3. A fast food outlet.
4. Any other organisation approved by the teacher. They are required to observe the
application of the general Principles of management advocated by Fayol. Fayol’s
principles
1. Division of work.
2. Unity of command.
3. Unity of direction.
4. Scalar chain
5. Espirit de corps
6. Fair remuneration to all.
7. Order.
8. Equity.
9. Discipline
10. Subordination of individual interest to general interest.
11. Initiative.
12. Centralisation and decentralisation.
13. Stability of tenure.
14. Authority and Responsibility

OR
They may enquire into the application of scientific management techniques by F.W.
Taylor in the unit visited.
Scientific techniques of management.
2. of work.
1. Functional
3. Methodforemanship.
study. 4. Motion
Standardisation
Study. 5. Time Study.
and 6.simplification
Fatigue Study 7.
Differential piece rate plan.

Tips to students
(i) The students may visit, identify any unit of their choice and identify the principles that are
being followed.
(ii) Similarly the students should identify the techniques of scientific
management implemented in the organisation.
(iii) The observations could be on the basis of
● The different stages of division of work resulting to specialisation.
● Following instructions and accountability of subordinates to higher authorities.
● Visibility of order and equity in the unit.
● Balance of authority and responsibility.
● Communication levels and pattern in the organisation.
● Methods and techniques followed by the organisation for unity of direction and
coordination amongst all.
● Methods of wage payments followed. The arrangements of fatigue study.
● Derivation of time study.
● Derivation and advantages of method study.
● Organisational chart of functional foremanship.
● Any other identified in the organization

III. Project Three: Stock Exchange

The project work will enable the students to:
● understand the topics like sources of business finance and capital market
● understand the concepts used in stock exchange
● inculcate the habit of watching business channels, reading business
● journals/newspapers and seeking information from their elders.

The students are expected to:

a) Develop a brief report on History of Stock Exchanges in India. (your country)
b) Prepare a list of at least 25 companies listed on a Stock Exchange.
c) To make an imaginary portfolio totalling a sum of Rs. 50,000 equally in any of the 5
companies of their choice listed above over a period of twenty working days.

The students may be required to report the prices of the stocks on daily basis and
present it diagrammatically on the graph paper.
They will understand the weekly holidays and the holidays under the Negotiable Instruments Act
They will also come across with terms like closing prices, opening prices, etc.

● During this period of recording students are supposed to distinctively record

the daily and starting and closing prices of the week other days under the
negotiable instrument act so that they acquire knowledge about closing and
opening prices.
● The students may conclude by identifying the causes in the fluctuations of
prices. Normally it would be related to the front page news of the a business
journal, for example,
▪ Change of seasons.
▪ Festivals.
▪ Spread of epidemic.
▪ Strikes and accidents
▪ Natural and human disasters.
▪ Political environment.
▪ Lack of faith in the government policies.
I mpact of changes in government policies for specific industry.
▪ I nternational events.
▪▪ Contract and treaties at the international scene.
▪ Relations with the neighbouring countries.
▪ Crisis in developed countries, etc.

The students are expected to find the value of their investments and accordingly
rearrange their portfolio. The project work should cover the following aspects;
1. Graphical presentation of the share prices of different companies on different dates.
2. Change in market value of shares due to change of seasons, festivals, natural and
human disasters.
3. Change in market value of shares due to change in political environment/ policies of
various countries/crisis in developed countries or any other reasons
4. Identify the top ten companies out of the 25 selected on the basis of their market
value of shares.
It does not matter if they have made profits or losses.

IV. Project Four: Marketing

1. Adhesives
2. Air conditioners
3. Baby diapers
4. Bathing Soap
5. Bathroom cleaner
6. Bike
7. Blanket
8. Body Spray
9. Bread
10. Breakfast cereal
11. Butter
12. Camera
13. Car
14. Cheese spreads
15. Chocolate
16. Coffee
17. Cosmetology product
18. Crayons
19. Crockery
20. Cutlery
21. Cycle
22. DTH
23. Eraser
24. e-wash
25. Fairness cream
26. Fans
27. Fruit candy
28. Furniture
29. Hair Dye
30. Hair Oil
31. Infant dress
32. Inverter
33. Jams
34. Jeans
35. Jewellery
36. Kurti
37. Ladies bag
38. Ladies footwear
39. Learning Toys
40. Lipstick
41. Microwave oven
42. Mixers
43. Mobile
44. Moisturizer
45. Music player
46. Nail polish
47. Newspaper
48. Noodles
49. Pen
50. Pen drive
51. Pencil
52. Pickles
 53. Razor
54. Ready Soups
55. Refrigerator
56. RO system
57. Roasted snacks
58. Salt
59. Sarees
60. Sauces/ Ketchup
61. Shampoo
62. Shaving cream
63. Shoe polish
64. Shoes
65. Squashes
66. Suitcase/ airbag
67. Sunglasses
68. Tea
69. Tiffin Wallah
70. Toothpaste
71. Wallet
72. Washing detergent
73. Washing machine
74. Washing powder
75. Water bottle
76. Water storage tank

77. Wipes

The student must ensure that the identified product should not be items whose consumption/use
discouraged by the society and government.

Identify one product/service from the above which the students may like to
manufacture/provide [pre-assumption].

Now the students are required to make a project on the identified product/service
keeping in mind the following:

1. Why have they selected this product/service?

2. Find out ‘5’ competitive brands that exist in the market.
3. What permission and licences would be required to make the product?
4. What are your competitors Unique Selling Proposition. [U.S.P.]?
5. Does your product have any range give details?
6. What is the name of your product?
7. Enlist its features.
8. Draw the ‘Label’ of your product.
9. Draw a logo for your product.
10. Draft a tag line.
11. What is the selling price of your competitor’s product?
(i) Selling price to consumer
(ii) Selling price to retailer
(iii) Selling price to wholesaler
What is the profit margin in percentage to the:
Manufacturer.
Wholesaler.
Retailer.
12. How will your product be packaged?
13. Which channel of distribution are you going to use? Give reasons for selection?
14. Decisions related to warehousing, state reasons.
15. What is going to be your selling price?
(i) To consumer
(ii) To retailer
(iii) To wholesaler
16. List 5 ways of promoting your product.
17. Any schemes for
(i) The wholesaler
(ii) The retailer
(iii) The consumer
18. What is going to be your ‘U.S.P?
19. What means of transport you will use and why?
20. Draft a social message for your label.
21. What cost effective techniques will you follow for your product.
22. What cost effective techniques will you follow for your promotion plan.
At this stage the students will realise the importance of the concept of marketing mix and
the necessary decision regarding the four P’s of marketing.
Product
Place
Price
Promotion

The project report should include the

following:
1. Type of product /service identified and the (consumer/industries) process involve
there in.
2. Brand name and the product.
3. Range of the product.
4. Identification mark or logo.
5. Tagline.
6. Labeling and packaging.
7. Price of the product and basis of price fixation.
8. Selected channels of distribution and reasons thereof.
9. Decisions related to transportation and warehousing. State reasons.
10. Promotional techniques used and starting reasons for deciding the particular
technique.
11. Grading and standardization.
 Holiday homework

Class- 12th

Maths

Q.1: Let A = R− {3} and B = R – {1}. Consider the function f: A →B defined by f (x) = (x- 2)/(x - 3). Is
f one-one and onto? Justify your answer.
Q.2: If f: R → R is defined by f(x) = x2 − 3x + 2, find f(f(x)).
Q.3: Let A = {0, 1, 2, 3} and define a relation R on A as follows:

R = {(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 3), (1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 3)}. Is R
reflexive? symmetric? Transitive?

Q.4: Let the function f : R → R be defined by f (x) = 4x – 1, ∀ x ∈ R. Then, show that f is one-one.
Q.5: Show that the function f : R →R defined by f (x)𝑥2 R= ,, is∀neither
𝑥+1
x∈ one-one nor onto.
Q.6: Find the value of cot (tan-1 α + cot-1 α).
Q.7: If tan-1 (x − 1)/(x − 2) + tan-1 (x + 1)/(x + 2) = 𝜋/4, then find the value of x.

Q.8: Solve: tan-1 2x + tan-1 3x = π/4

Q.9: Find the value of tan-1 √3 – sec-1(–2).

4 3 ] then find the value of matrix A.

Q.10: If 3A – B = 5
[ 0 ] and B = [
1 1 2 5

Q.11: Find the value of x – y, if

2[13 ]+[1 𝑦02]=[5 1 68 ].
0
𝑥
Q.12: If A is a square matrix such that A2 = I, then find the simplified value of (A – I)3 + (A + I)3 – 7A.

Q.13: Write the number of all possible matrices of order 2 × 2 with each entry 1, 2 or 3.

Q.14: If matrix A = [1 −1] and 𝐴2= kA. then write the value of k.
−1 1
Activity: Make a chart sheet of paper of all trigonometric identities used up to 12th class.
English Worksheet
Class 12

Section A: Reading

1.Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: One
night, a man came to our house and told me, “There is a family
with eight children. They have not eaten for days.” I took some food
and went out. When I finally came to the family, I saw the faces of
those little children disfigured by hunger. There was no sorrow or
sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger. I gave the rice to
the mother. She divided it in two and went out, carrying half the rice
with her. When she came back, I asked her,” Where did you go?” She
gave me this simple answer,” To my neighbour–they are also hungry.”
I was not surprised because poor people are generous but I was surprised
that she knew they were hungry. As a rule, when we are suffering, we are
so focused on ourselves; we have no time for others. We become selfish
and self-centered. Having
experienced the pangs of sufferings, we should, rather extend a helping
hand to the poor and the needy.

1. The faces of the children reflected:

(a) sorrow
(b) joy
(c) hunger
(d) greediness

2. The action of the mother shows:

(a) selfishness
(b) hatred
(c) gratitude
(d) love
3. Where did the mother go after dividing the rice and why?

4. Why was the gentleman surprised?

5. Fill in the blank with a suitable word from the passage.

The faces of the little children were___.

Section B: Creative Writing Skills

1. Bharat Public School, I.P. Nagar, has recently constructed a Science Park, a dedicated area where
specific equipments based on principles of science are setup. As Rashi Kapoor, President of Science Club,
draft a notice for the school notice board, informing students of the same.

2. You are a student counsellor of N.J. Public School. You are invited by S.M. International School, Kala
Puram, to address Class XII students on Goal Setting and Time Management. Write a formal letter of
reply accepting the invitation and confirming your presence at the stated time, include relevant details.
 Section C: Language Through Literature

1. ...but soon
put that thought away, and
looked out at Young
Trees sprinting, the merry children spilling
out of their homes, but after the airport's security check,
standing a few yards away, I looked at her, wan, pale
as a late winter's moon and felt that old
familiar ache, my childhood's fear

A. Select the correct option.

The impact of 'merry children' on poet's mind ____
1) caused anxiety
2) brought comfort
3)created a sense of longing
4) reminded her of her own childhood

B. The tone of the poet expressed in the above lines is ____

1) sadness and helplessness
2)excitement and eagerness
3) appreciation and gratitude
4) anger and anxiety

C. The words 'wan, pale' indicate the mother's ___

D. Complete the following sentence.

The poet looked at her mother again to____.

E. Explain one inference that can be drawn from the line 'felt that old familiar ache.'

F. 'Put that thought away'

What is the intention of poet that can be inferred from the above line?

2. Read the extract given below and answer the questions.

"Why do you do this ?" I ask Saheb whom I encounter every morning scrounging for gold in the garbage
dumps of my neighbourhood. Saheb left his home long ago. Set amidst the green fields of Dhaka his
home is not even distant memory. There were many storms that swept away their fields and homes, his
mother tells him. That's why they left, looking for gold in the big city where he now lives. "I have
nothing else to do," he mutters, looking away. " "Go to school," I say glibly, realizing immediately how
hollow the advice must sound. "There is no school in my neighbourhood. When they build one, I will
gCoh."o ose the correct option.
(i) The expression 'scrounging for gold refers to:
(A) searching for gold items
(B) looking for something that can fetch money.
 (C) rummaging the garbage,
(D) digging to find food to eat,

(ii) The influence of nature in Saheb's life was that it:

(A) brought prosperity
B) yielded food for them
(C) gave them home
(D) brought disaster

(iii) Complete the sentence with an appropriate word.

Saheb's conversation with the narrator draws ____of readers towards Saheb.

(iv) Explain one inference that can be drawn from the line....
" realizing how hollow the advice must sound"

(v) The expression when they build one, I will go' indicates Saheb's __ to go to school.

(vi) State whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.

'... his home is not even a distant dream' states that Saheb sees his home often in his dream.
Question 3. Explain the inference that can be drawn from the line "Will they make them sing in German,
even the pigeons?"
Question 4. My stamp collecting for example, that's a temporary refuge from reality. How can a hobby
give one escape from reality?
Question 5. Lost Spring bring out how the common man is a victim of exploitation. Explain.

Question 6. When did the residents of Alsace realise how precious their language is to them?

ENGLISH PROJECT
CONTENT OF THE PROJECT FILE:
The project file should include the following:
Cover page, with the title of the project, school details and details of the student
Certificate of Completion under the guidance of the teacher
Objectives of the topic
List of Resources/Bibliography (Last page of the project file)

Select any one of the given topics for your English Project.

1. CHILD LABOUR IN INDIA

“Child labour perpetuates poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, population growth and other soc
problems.” Kailash Satyarthi
You have studied the lesson ‘Lost Spring’ by Anees Jung. It deals with child labour in India. Based on
your understanding of the lesson and the problem it mentions, make a project titled ‘CHILD LABOUR IN
 Include the following sub-headings:
Causes of child labour
Effects on the social environment
Laws on child labour
National child labour policies & schemes
Prevention and elimination of child labour
Industries employing children- Make a case study (800-1000 words) on any 1 industry that emplo
child labour. Furnish all relevant details and statistics. Attach 3-4 pictures.

2. SAY NO TO WAR “An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.” Mahatma Gandhi
You have studied the lesson ‘The Last Lesson’ by Alphonse Daudet. It deals with war and the
lasting effects it has on the society at large. Based on your understanding of the lesson and the
prob
mentions, make a project titled ‘SAY NO TO WAR’
Include the following sub-headings:

Definition of war
Effects on social, economic environment
Cost, in terms of money and lives
Important international treaties
Prevention and elimination of wars
Any 1 war – Make a case study (800 - 1000 words) and furnish all details and statistics. Attach
pictures.